Three-dimensional stress transformation device and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a three-dimensional stress conversion device and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of seismic simulation. The three-dimensional stress conversion device comprises a base, three counter-force parts and three pushing parts. The three counter-force parts are arranged on the side, in the first direction, of the base, the side, in the second direction and the side, in the third direction, of the base respectively, and every two of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The three pushing parts are arranged on the base, each pushing part comprises a moving end, the moving end of one pushing part moves in the first direction, the moving end of the other pushing part moves in the second direction, and the moving end of the third pushing part moves in the third direction. The three pushing parts can simulate the multi-directional stress effect on the sample, so that the conversion device can be used for simulating the condition that the sample is subjected to the multi-directional stress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of earthquake simulation, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional stress conversion device and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The Southwest region is one of the regions in China with mountainous geographical location and active geological structure. It is also one of the regions with frequent earthquake activity in China. The Southwest region includes the Sichuan Basin, Yunnan Plateau, Guizhou, Chongqing, Tibet and other places. The terrain is complex and belongs to the intersection of the Himalayas and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The region has become an important area of ​​earthquake activity in China due to its active geological structure, and a large number of earthquake events occur every year. For residents and relevant staff in the region, it is very important to strengthen earthquake disaster prevention and rescue awareness and improve the ability to respond to earthquakes. At the same time, strengthening the structure of buildings and improving their bearing capacity and earthquake resistance are also important measures to prevent and control earthquake disasters. Therefore, how to study the structural changes of building structures under multi-directional stress is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional stress transformation device and an application method thereof, through which the three-dimensional stress transformation device can simulate the situation where a sample is subjected to multi-directional stress, and through which the application method can simulate the structural changes of the sample in an earthquake environment.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: on the one hand, the embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional stress transformation device, including a base, three reaction force parts and three pushing components. The three reaction force parts are respectively arranged on one side of the base along the first direction, one side of the base along the second direction and one side of the base along the third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The three pushing components are arranged on the base, and the pushing components include a moving end. Among the three pushing components, the moving end of one of them moves along the first direction, the moving end of another one moves along the second direction, and the moving end of the third one moves along the third direction.

[0005] In some embodiments, the pushing component includes a first cavity and a first piston portion. The first cavity is disposed on the base. The first piston portion is movably accommodated in the first cavity along the axial direction of the first cavity, the first piston portion divides the interior of the first cavity into two parts, and the moving end is connected to the first piston portion.

[0006] In some embodiments, a control component is also included, and the control component includes a drive shaft, a drive sleeve and a control component. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the base, and the drive sleeve is sleeved outside the peripheral wall of the drive shaft. The drive sleeve is provided with a spiral groove, and the axial direction of the spiral groove extends along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The drive sleeve and the control component are arranged corresponding to the pushing component, and the control component includes a second cavity, a second piston part and a connecting part. The second cavity is arranged on the base, and the axial direction of the second cavity extends along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The second piston part is movably accommodated in the second cavity along the axial direction of the second cavity. The second piston part divides the inside of the second cavity into two parts, and the two parts of the second chamber are connected to the two parts of the first chamber one by one. The connecting part is connected to the second piston part, and the connecting part is inserted into the spiral groove.

[0007] In some embodiments, the control assembly further includes a transmission component, which is used to control the connection state of the drive shaft and the drive sleeve, and the transmission component includes a transmission ring, a connecting cable and a limiting portion. The transmission ring is sleeved on the drive shaft, and the inner circumferential wall of the transmission ring is provided with limiting teeth around the circumference of the transmission ring. The connecting cable is connected to the transmission ring and the drive sleeve, and the limiting portion is rotatably connected to the drive shaft, and the rotation axis of the limiting portion is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft. The limiting portion cooperates with the limiting teeth to make the transmission ring and the drive shaft rotate synchronously.

[0008] In some embodiments, the transmission component also includes a push ring, and an elastic member is arranged between the limiting portion and the driving shaft, the elastic member is used to provide an elastic force to rotate the limiting portion in a direction close to the driving shaft, the push ring is movably mounted on the driving shaft along the axial direction of the driving shaft, and the limiting portion abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the push ring.

[0009] In some embodiments, the limiting portion includes a first end close to the transmission ring, the first end includes two elastic arms, the first end includes a first state and a second state, in the first state, the two elastic arms are clamped between two adjacent limiting teeth, in the second state, a limiting tooth is arranged between the two elastic arms.

[0010] In some embodiments, an adjustment column is further included, and the adjustment column is arranged between the transmission ring and the drive sleeve.

[0011] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application further provides an application method of a three-dimensional stress conversion device, which is applied to the three-dimensional stress conversion device in the above embodiment, comprising: The sample includes three first surfaces intersecting at a first vertex, and also includes a second surface intersecting at a second vertex. The first vertex and the second vertex are located on a body diagonal line, and three reaction force parts are respectively supported on the three first surfaces of the test body.

[0012] The three pushing components apply pressure to the three second surfaces simultaneously, and the pressure value is σ.

[0013] Change the pressure.

[0014] In some embodiments, changing the pressure level includes: Set the pressure value variable Δσ.

[0015] Among the three pushing components, two pushing components are selected, the pressure value of one of them is adjusted to σ+Δσ, and the pressure value of the other one is adjusted to σ-Δσ.

[0016] In some embodiments, after each adjustment of the pressure value is completed, the pressure values ​​of the three second surfaces are first adjusted to σ before the next adjustment is performed.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Under the action of the three pushing components, it is possible to simulate the stress of the sample from the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, so that the conversion device of the embodiment of the present application can be used to simulate the situation where the sample is subjected to multi-directional stress; 2. In this method, by changing the magnitude of the pressure, the stress state of the sample in an earthquake environment can be simulated. By collecting and analyzing the structural changes of the sample, a theoretical basis can be provided for the structural optimization of the building in a multi-directional stress environment, thereby improving the bearing and earthquake resistance of the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the three-axis stress conversion device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the control component of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the drive shaft, the drive sleeve and the connecting cable (the drive shaft and the drive sleeve move in opposite directions) of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the drive shaft, the drive sleeve and the connecting cable (the drive shaft and the drive sleeve move in the same direction) of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission component of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the limiting tooth and the limiting part (the limiting tooth is between the two limiting parts) of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the limiting teeth and the limiting part (the limiting teeth are arranged between the elastic arms) of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of the application method of the three-dimensional stress conversion device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure numbers: 1-base, 2-reaction part, 3-pushing component, 4-first cavity, 5-first piston part, 6-moving end, 7-driving shaft, 8-driving sleeve, 9-adjusting column, 10-second cavity, 11-second piston part, 12-connecting part, 13-spiral groove, 14-connecting rope, 15-limiting tooth, 16-transmission ring, 17-limiting part, 18-pushing ring, 19-elastic arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] On the one hand, the embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional stress transformation device, including a base 1, three reaction force parts 2 and three pushing components 3. The three reaction force parts 2 are respectively arranged on one side of the base 1 along the first direction, one side of the base 1 along the second direction and one side of the base 1 along the third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The three pushing components 3 are arranged on the base 1, and the pushing components 3 include a moving end 6. Among the three pushing components 3, the moving end 6 of one moves along the first direction, the moving end 6 of another moves along the second direction, and the moving end 6 of the third moves along the third direction.

[0023] The first direction may be the direction shown by the X axis in the figure, the second direction may be the direction shown by the Y axis in the figure, and the third direction may be the direction shown by the Z axis in the figure. For example, the first direction and the second direction may be parallel to the horizontal direction, and the third direction may be parallel to the vertical direction.

[0024] When the moving end 6 of the pushing member 3 moves, pressure can be applied to the sample.

[0025] The reaction force part 2 is used to play a role of reverse support when the pushing component 3 applies pressure to the sample. That is, the three reaction force parts 2 can be arranged opposite to the three pushing components 3 respectively.

[0026] Under the action of the three pushing components 3, it is possible to simulate the stress of the sample from the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, that is, the conversion device of the embodiment of the present application can be used to simulate the situation where the sample is subjected to multi-directional stress.

[0027] In some embodiments, the pushing component 3 includes a first cavity 4 and a first piston portion 5. The first cavity 4 is disposed on the base 1. The first piston portion 5 is movably accommodated in the first cavity 4 along the axial direction of the first cavity 4, the first piston portion 5 divides the interior of the first cavity 4 into two parts, and the moving end 6 is connected to the first piston portion 5.

[0028] The first piston portion 5 is accommodated in the first cavity 4 , so that the first piston portion 5 can move along the first cavity 4 .

[0029] The first piston part 5 divides the interior of the first cavity 4 into two parts, and the two parts are arranged along the axial direction of the first cavity 4. When the volume of the medium in the two parts changes, the first piston part 5 can be driven to move. For example, the two parts can be a first part and a second part. When the amount of the medium in the first part increases, the amount of the medium in the second part decreases. At this time, the first piston part 5 will move from the first part to the second part, and then the moving end 6 can move driven by the first piston part 5. The specific connection method of the moving end 6 and the first piston part 5 can be selected from the existing structure, which will not be repeated here.

[0030] In some embodiments, a control component is also included, and the control component includes a drive shaft 7, a drive sleeve 8 and a control component. The drive shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the base 1, and the drive sleeve 8 is sleeved outside the peripheral wall of the drive shaft 7. The drive sleeve 8 is provided with a spiral groove 13, and the axial direction of the spiral groove 13 extends along the axial direction of the drive shaft 7. The drive sleeve 8 and the control component are arranged corresponding to the pushing component 3, and the control component includes a second cavity 10, a second piston part 11 and a connecting part 12. The second cavity 10 is arranged on the base 1, and the axial direction of the second cavity 10 extends along the axial direction of the drive shaft 7. The second piston part 11 is movably accommodated in the second cavity 10 along the axial direction of the second cavity 10. The second piston part 11 divides the interior of the second cavity 10 into two parts, and the two parts of the second cavity are connected to the two parts of the first cavity one by one. The connecting part 12 is connected to the second piston part 11, and the connecting part 12 is inserted into the spiral groove 13.

[0031] The driving sleeve 8 can be rotatably connected to the base 1 .

[0032] The driving shaft 7 is used to drive the driving sleeve 8 to rotate.

[0033] The drive sleeve 8 and the control component are arranged corresponding to the pushing component 3, which means that the number of the drive sleeve 8 and the control component is consistent with the number of the pushing components 3. In the embodiment where there are three pushing components 3, the number of the drive sleeve 8 and the control component are both three.

[0034] A plurality of drive sleeves 8 may be disposed on the drive shaft 7 at intervals.

[0035] The second piston part 11 divides the interior of the second cavity 10 into two parts, and the two parts are arranged along the axial direction of the second cavity 10. When the volume of the medium in the two parts changes, the second piston part 11 can be driven to move. For example, the two parts can be the third part and the fourth part. When the amount of the medium in the third part increases, the amount of the medium in the fourth part decreases, and the second piston part 11 moves from the third part to the fourth part.

[0036] In an embodiment where the first cavity 4 includes a first part and a second part, the third part can be connected to the first part, and the fourth part can be connected to the third part, so that when the volume of the medium in the third part and the fourth part changes, the volume of the medium in the first part and the second part can also change.

[0037] The connecting portion 12 is connected to the second piston portion 11, so that the connecting portion 12 can drive the second piston portion 11 to move. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the second piston portion 11 can only move relative to the second cavity 10, but cannot rotate relative to the second piston portion 11.

[0038] Since the connecting portion 12 is inserted into the spiral groove 13 of the driving sleeve 8, the connecting portion 12 can move axially relative to the driving sleeve 8 during the rotation of the driving sleeve 8, and then the second piston portion 11 moves relative to the second cavity 10, and the first piston portion 5 also moves relative to the first cavity 4. Finally, the movable end 6 applies pressure to the sample under the drive of the first piston portion 5.

[0039] The advantage of the control assembly of the embodiment of the present application is that, in conventional technology, the three pushing components 3 are independent components, and thus the three pushing components 3 need to be controlled individually, which on the one hand makes the circuit complex, and on the other hand reduces the synchronization rate of the three pushing components 3. In the embodiment of the present application, the driving shaft 7 rotates to drive the driving sleeve 8 to rotate, thereby enabling the three pushing components 3 to work. On the one hand, the structure is simple and reliable, and on the other hand, the three pushing components 3 can move synchronously and apply pressure to the sample synchronously.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the medium in the first chamber and the second chamber may be gas, which has a certain compressibility, so that even if the three pushing components 3 are all driven by one driving shaft 7, the three pushing components 3 can still apply pressure to the sample respectively.

[0041] Of course, in other embodiments, the connecting part 12 may not be driven by the driving sleeve 8, but the flow of the medium between the first chamber and the second chamber may be directly controlled by a hydraulic device to move the first piston part 5. The hydraulic device can be selected from existing devices and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] In some embodiments, the control assembly further includes a transmission component, which is used to control the connection state of the drive shaft 7 and the drive sleeve 8, and the transmission component includes a transmission ring 16, a connecting cable 14 and a limiting portion 17. The transmission ring 16 is sleeved on the drive shaft 7, and a limiting tooth 15 is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the transmission ring 16 around the circumference of the transmission ring 16. The connecting cable 14 is connected to the transmission ring 16 and the drive sleeve 8, and the limiting portion 17 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 7, and the rotation axis of the limiting portion 17 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft 7. The limiting portion 17 cooperates with the limiting tooth 15 to make the transmission ring 16 and the drive shaft 7 rotate synchronously.

[0043] Under the action of the transmission component, the drive shaft 7 can be connected or disconnected with the drive sleeve 8 in a transmission manner.

[0044] The transmission ring 16 can be rotatably connected to the base 1 .

[0045] The transmission ring 16 is sleeved on the driving shaft 7 , so that the transmission ring 16 can rotate relative to the driving shaft 7 .

[0046] The transmission ring 16 is connected to the driving sleeve 8 via the connecting rope 14 , so that when the transmission ring 16 rotates, the driving sleeve 8 can be driven to rotate together.

[0047] The limiting portion 17 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 7, so that the limiting portion 17 can have two states. In one state, the limiting portion 17 contacts the limiting teeth 15. At this time, when the drive shaft 7 rotates, the transmission ring 16 rotates together with the drive shaft 7, thereby enabling the drive sleeve 8 to rotate. In the other state, the limiting portion 17 does not contact the limiting teeth 15. At this time, when the drive shaft 7 rotates, it will not drive the transmission ring 16 to rotate together.

[0048] The advantage of connecting the transmission ring 16 and the drive sleeve 8 through the connecting cable 14 is that, on the one hand, the transmission structure is simpler and more reliable. On the other hand, the control method for the three pushing components 3 is increased. For example, by adjusting the position of the transmission ring 16 relative to the drive shaft 7 in the initial state, the time when the pushing component 3 starts working and the parameters of the pressure applied to the sample by the pushing component 3 can be adjusted when the drive shaft 7 rotates. On the other hand, the connecting cable 14 is set to a bent state, and when the drive shaft 7 rotates, the drive sleeve 8 can rotate in the opposite direction relative to the drive shaft 7. When the connecting cable 14 is straightened, when the drive shaft 7 rotates, the drive sleeve 8 rotates in the same direction as the drive shaft 7. That is, under the premise that one drive shaft 7 is used as the power source, the rotation directions of the various drive sleeves 8 can be different. On the other hand, the drive sleeve 8 and the drive shaft 7 can be set at intervals so that no wear occurs between the two.

[0049] In other embodiments, the transmission ring 16 and the connecting rope 14 can be eliminated as needed, and the limiting teeth 15 can be set on the inner wall of the driving sleeve 8. When the limiting portion 17 contacts the limiting teeth 15 on the inner wall of the driving sleeve 8, the driving sleeve 8 and the driving shaft 7 are connected in transmission.

[0050] In some embodiments, the transmission component also includes a push ring 18, and an elastic member is arranged between the limiting portion 17 and the driving shaft 7. The elastic member is used to provide an elastic force to rotate the limiting portion 17 in a direction close to the driving shaft 7. The push ring 18 is movably mounted on the driving shaft 7 along the axial direction of the driving shaft 7, and the limiting portion 17 abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the push ring 18.

[0051] The elastic member can be a spring or a torsion spring.

[0052] Under the action of the elastic member, the limiting portion 17 has a tendency to move away from the transmission ring 16 .

[0053] The push ring 18 can move along the axial direction of the driving shaft 7 , so that the limit portion 17 can be pushed to rotate by the push ring 18 , thereby making the limit portion 17 contact with the transmission ring 16 or away from the transmission ring 16 .

[0054] In other embodiments, two push rings 18 may be provided at intervals along the axial direction of the drive shaft 7 , one for pushing the limiting portion 17 toward the limiting tooth 15 , and the other for pushing the limiting portion 17 from the limiting tooth 15 toward the drive shaft 7 .

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, the power source of the drive shaft 7 can be selected from the existing structure, which will not be described in detail here. At the same time, the base 1 can be provided with a driving component, which is used to drive the transmission ring 16 to rotate relative to the drive shaft 7 when the transmission ring 16 and the limiter 17 are disconnected, so as to adjust the position of the transmission ring 16. The drive shaft 7 can also be provided with a driving component, which is used to drive the push ring 18 to move relative to the drive shaft 7. The driving component can be selected from the existing structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0056] In some embodiments, the limiting portion 17 includes a first end close to the transmission ring 16, the first end includes two elastic arms 19, and the first end includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, the two elastic arms 19 are inserted between two adjacent limiting teeth 15, and in the second state, a limiting tooth 15 is arranged between the two elastic arms 19.

[0057] The limiting portion 17 may be made of a material capable of elastic deformation, so that the two elastic arms 19 can be elastically deformed.

[0058] If the limiting portion 17 is an integral structure, when the limiting portion 17 contacts the limiting teeth 15, there may be two situations. One is that the limiting portion 17 is just stuck between the two limiting teeth 15, and the other is that the limiting portion 17 is against the top of the limiting tooth 15. At this time, the transmission ring 16 needs to rotate a certain angle before the limiting portion 17 can be stuck between the two limiting teeth 15, which may also cause errors in the displacement of the moving end 6 of the pushing component 3.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, in the first state, the limiting portion 17 can be just inserted between the two limiting teeth 15. If the limiting portion 17 is against the top of the limiting tooth 15, when the limiting portion 17 switches to the second state, that is, the two elastic arms 19 are separated, each elastic arm 19 is inserted between the two limiting teeth 15. At the same time, a limiting tooth 15 is arranged between the two elastic arms 19, so that the limiting portion 17 can play a limiting role without the need for the transmission portion to rotate.

[0060] In some embodiments, an adjustment column 9 is further included, and the adjustment column 9 is disposed between the transmission ring 16 and the drive sleeve 8 .

[0061] The position of the adjusting column 9 relative to the base 1 can be adjusted, so that the position of the adjusting column 9 between the transmission ring 16 and the driving sleeve 8 can also be adjusted.

[0062] On the one hand, the adjusting column 9 can play a limiting role, that is, if the connecting cable 14 is in a straight state, when the connecting cable 14 contacts the adjusting column 9, the transmission ring 16 can no longer drive the driving sleeve 8 to move further, thereby limiting the travel of the driving sleeve 8. On the other hand, the adjusting column 9 can also enable the driving sleeve 8 to move in the reverse direction, that is, by adjusting the position of the transmission ring 16 relative to the adjusting column 9, the connecting cable 14 can be initially in a bent state, and the adjusting column 9 is at the inner bend of the connecting cable 14. At this time, when the driving shaft 7 rotates, the driving sleeve 8 can be driven to rotate in the reverse direction.

[0063] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application further provides an application method of a three-dimensional stress conversion device, which is applied to the three-dimensional stress conversion device in the above embodiment, comprising: S1: The specimen includes three first surfaces intersecting at a first vertex, and also includes a second surface intersecting at a second vertex, the first vertex and the second vertex are located on a body diagonal, and three reaction force parts 2 are respectively supported on the three first surfaces of the test body; Among the three first surfaces, one of the first surfaces may be a bottom surface, so that a sample can be placed thereon; For example, the specimen may be a brick or a concrete block; The base 1 may be provided with a sensor, through which the sample can be inspected. The specific working principle of the sensor is well known to those skilled in the art. In summary, by connecting the sensor and the processor, the sensor can be controlled by the processor to detect the sample. Furthermore, the operation of the transmission ring 16, the drive shaft 7 and the push ring 18 in the embodiment of the present application can also be controlled by the processor. The sensor may include a visual sensor to determine whether cracks occur in the sample, and may also include a force sensor for measuring the pressure exerted by the pushing component 3 on the sample; The samples can be set to multiple, and multiple samples can be divided into multiple groups, which is convenient for multiple experiments to form a comparison; S2: the three pushing components 3 simultaneously apply pressure to the three second surfaces, and the pressure value is σ; S3: Change the pressure.

[0064] By changing the pressure, the stress state of the sample in an earthquake environment can be simulated. By collecting and analyzing the structural changes of the sample, a theoretical basis can be provided for the structural optimization of the building in a multi-directional stress environment, thereby improving the building's load-bearing and earthquake resistance. For example, the shear resistance of the sample can be analyzed using the Mohr-Coulomb theory.

[0065] In some embodiments, changing the pressure level includes: S31: Setting the pressure value variable Δσ; S32: selecting two pushing components 3 from among the three pushing components 3, adjusting the pressure value of one of them to σ+Δσ, and adjusting the pressure value of the other to σ-Δσ; When two pushing components 3 are selected from the three pushing components 3, they may be two opposing pushing components 3 or two adjacent pushing components 3; After the three pushing components 3 have completed their traversal, there are a total of six combinations, that is, the pressure value can be adjusted six times.

[0066] On the one hand, the specimen is often subjected to complex and variable stresses in the real environment, and these stresses may come from different directions. By selecting two surfaces to adjust the pressure value, the different stress states of the specimen in different directions can be simulated. On the other hand, under the action of the pressure value variable Δσ, a stress difference can be generated between the two surfaces, which can cause cracks in the specimen and allow the cracks to develop.

[0067] In this method, after all the pushing components 3 have completed their traversal, the set value of Δσ can be increased and the step of changing the pressure magnitude can be performed again until the sample is broken. For example, Δσ can be set to two, four or six times, and the step of adjusting the pressure value can be performed again.

[0068] On the one hand, it can simulate the state of the sample under different stress levels, so as to understand the stability, failure mode and crack expansion of the sample under different stress conditions. On the other hand, it can explore the limit state of sample failure. On the other hand, it can increase the simulation degree of the sample, that is, in actual situations, the stress level of the building structure may gradually increase with the progress of the project or changes in external conditions.

[0069] In some embodiments, after each adjustment of the pressure value is completed, the pressure values ​​of the three second surfaces are first adjusted to σ before the next adjustment is performed.

[0070] The advantage of this setting is that, on the one hand, it ensures the continuity and consistency of the experiment, that is, each adjustment of Δσ can be based on the previous adjustment of Δσ, and the pressure value is adjusted to σ to ensure that each adjustment is carried out under the same initial conditions, reducing the risk of errors in the experimental results caused by different initial stress states. On the other hand, residual stress and strain can be eliminated, reducing the risk of errors caused by residual stress and strain in subsequent experiments. On the other hand, the data of each experiment after the adjustment of Δσ is more independent, which is convenient for comparison and analysis of experimental data.

[0071] The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations, modifications, and substitutions made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional stress conversion device, characterized in that: include: Base (1); Three reaction force parts (2), respectively arranged on one side of the base (1) along a first direction, one side of the base (1) along a second direction, and one side of the base (1) along a third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other; Three pushing components (3) are arranged on the base (1), the pushing components (3) comprising a moving end (6), and among the three pushing components (3), the moving end (6) of one moves along the first direction, the moving end (6) of another moves along the second direction, and the moving end (6) of the third moves along the third direction.

2. The three-dimensional stress conversion device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pushing component (3) comprises: A first cavity (4) is arranged on the base (1); The first piston part (5) is movably accommodated in the first cavity (4) along the axial direction of the first cavity (4); the first piston part (5) divides the interior of the first cavity (4) into two parts; and the movable end (6) is connected to the first piston part (5).

3. The three-dimensional stress conversion device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Also included is a control component, the control component comprising: A drive shaft (7) rotatably connected to the base (1); A drive sleeve (8) is sleeved outside the peripheral wall of the drive shaft (7), the drive sleeve (8) being provided with a spiral groove (13), the axial direction of the spiral groove (13) extending along the axial direction of the drive shaft (7); A control component, wherein the drive sleeve (8) and the control component are arranged corresponding to the pushing component (3), and the control component comprises a second cavity (10), a second piston portion (11) and a connecting portion (12), wherein the second cavity (10) is arranged on the base (1), and the axial direction of the second cavity (10) extends along the axial direction of the driving shaft (7), and the second piston portion (11) is movably accommodated in the second cavity (10) along the axial direction of the second cavity (10), and the second piston portion (11) divides the interior of the second cavity (10) into two parts, and the two parts of the second cavity are connected to the two parts of the first cavity in a one-to-one correspondence, and the connecting portion (12) is connected to the second piston portion (11), and the connecting portion (12) is inserted into the spiral groove (13).

4. The three-dimensional stress conversion device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The control assembly further comprises a transmission component, the transmission component being used to control the connection state between the drive shaft (7) and the drive sleeve (8), the transmission component comprising: A transmission ring (16) is sleeved on the drive shaft (7) and surrounds the circumference of the transmission ring (16); a limiting tooth (15) is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the transmission ring (16); A connecting rope (14) connected to the transmission ring (16) and the driving sleeve (8); A limiting portion (17) is rotatably connected to the drive shaft (7); the rotation axis of the limiting portion (17) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft (7); and the limiting portion (17) cooperates with the limiting teeth (15) to enable the transmission ring (16) and the drive shaft (7) to rotate synchronously.

5. The three-dimensional stress conversion device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The transmission component further comprises a push ring (18); an elastic member is provided between the limiting portion (17) and the drive shaft (7); the elastic member is used to provide an elastic force for causing the limiting portion (17) to rotate in a direction close to the drive shaft (7); the push ring (18) is movably sleeved on the drive shaft (7) along the axial direction of the drive shaft (7); and the limiting portion (17) abuts against an outer peripheral wall of the push ring (18).

6. The three-dimensional stress conversion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting portion (17) comprises a first end close to the transmission ring (16), the first end comprising two elastic arms (19), the first end comprising a first state and a second state, in the first state, the two elastic arms (19) are inserted between two adjacent limiting teeth (15), in the second state, a limiting tooth (15) is arranged between the two elastic arms (19).

7. The three-dimensional stress conversion device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes an adjustment column (9), wherein the adjustment column (9) is arranged between the transmission ring (16) and the drive sleeve (8).

8. A method for applying a three-dimensional stress conversion device, applied to the three-dimensional stress conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The specimen includes three first surfaces intersecting at a first vertex, and also includes a second surface intersecting at a second vertex, the first vertex and the second vertex are located on a body diagonal, and three reaction force parts (2) are respectively supported on the three first surfaces of the test body; The three pushing components (3) simultaneously apply pressure to the three second surfaces, and the pressure value is σ; Change the pressure.

9. The application method of the three-dimensional stress conversion device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The changing of the pressure magnitude comprises: Set the pressure value variable Δσ; Among the three pushing components (3), two pushing components (3) are selected, the pressure value of one of them is adjusted to σ+Δσ, and the pressure value of the other one is adjusted to σ-Δσ.

10. The application method of the three-dimensional stress conversion device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: After each adjustment of the pressure value is completed, the pressure values ​​of the three second surfaces are adjusted to σ before the next adjustment.

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