Multi-layer support arch frame structure for super-large-span shallow-buried under-crossing tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering equipment, in particular to a multi-layer support arch frame structure for super-large-span shallow-buried underneath pass tunnel construction, which comprises a first-layer primary support mounted with surrounding rock, and a second-layer primary support for providing support force is connected onto the first-layer primary support. A third-layer primary support is connected to the second-layer primary support, a reinforcing assembly for reinforcing support connection is installed on the second-layer primary support, the reinforcing assembly comprises a loading block, and the loading block is in sliding connection with the second-layer primary support; the loading block is provided with a locking assembly for fixing and a supporting assembly for supporting. The multi-layer supporting lagging jack structure has the effect of improving the convenience of the multi-layer supporting lagging jack structure for super-large-span shallow-buried under-crossing tunnel construction in the operation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering equipment, and in particular to a multi-layer support arch structure for use in the construction of ultra-large span shallow buried underpass tunnels. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of urban transportation, tunnel projects are increasing day by day. Ultra-large span shallow buried tunnels have become a technical problem in tunnel projects due to their great construction difficulty and significant impact on the surrounding environment. Existing support structures often cannot meet the stability and safety requirements in the construction of ultra-large span tunnels.

[0003] At present, conventional tunnel support structures usually use single-layer or double-layer support to improve the support effect by increasing the strength and stiffness of the support materials. However, in the construction of ultra-large span shallow buried tunnels, this method has limited support effect and is prone to material waste and increased construction costs.

[0004] The existing support structure is difficult to provide sufficient support force in the construction of ultra-large span tunnels, and its stability is insufficient, which can easily lead to safety accidents during the tunnel construction process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the convenience of a multi-layer support arch structure used for the construction of a super-large span shallow buried tunnel during operation, the present application provides a multi-layer support arch structure used for the construction of a super-large span shallow buried tunnel.

[0006] The present application provides a multi-layer support arch structure for the construction of a shallow-buried tunnel with a large span, which adopts the following technical solution: A multi-layer support arch structure for the construction of a shallow-buried tunnel with a super-large span, comprising a first layer of initial support installed with surrounding rock, the first layer of initial support being connected to a second layer of initial support providing support force, the second layer of initial support being connected to a third layer of initial support, a reinforcing assembly for enhancing the support connection being installed on the second layer of initial support, the reinforcing assembly comprising a loading block, the loading block being slidably connected to the second layer of initial support, the loading block being installed with a locking assembly for fixing and a supporting assembly for supporting.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the first layer of initial support is installed and fixed on the surrounding rock, the gripping force between the first layer and the surrounding rock is enhanced to enhance the stability of the support, the second layer of initial support provides supporting force, and the third layer of initial support is enhanced and stable, forming an overall supporting structure, which can better support the inner wall of the tunnel, and the second layer of initial support is connected to the reinforcement component to enhance the stability of the connection. The locking component is used to unlock and fix the loading block to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the loading block on the second layer of initial support, which is conducive to enhancing the convenience of the multi-layer support arch structure during use.

[0008] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, the first layer of initial support includes a screw installed in the surrounding rock, an arch support is installed on the screw, a grouting hole is opened on the arch support, a supporting arch plate is connected to the screw by bolts, a first connecting plate is installed on the supporting arch plate for connection, and a first connecting hole is opened on the first connecting plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the screw rods are installed on the surrounding rock, and then the supporting arch plate is installed and connected through the screw rods, thereby enhancing the installation stability of the supporting arch plate and the surrounding rock.

[0010] In a specific possible implementation manner, an expansion tube is installed at one end of the screw rod extending into the surrounding rock.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the expansion tube abuts against the bottom of the surrounding rock hole, the screw rod will expand the expansion tube. After the expansion tube is expanded, it will be close to the surrounding rock wall to enhance the gripping force between the screw rod and the surrounding rock wall, thereby enhancing the stability of the screw rod installation.

[0012] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, the second layer of initial support includes a supporting bottom plate for bottom support, the supporting bottom plate is connected with supporting side plates for supporting the side walls of the tunnel, the supporting bottom plate is connected with supporting vertical plates, the supporting vertical plates are divided into three sections, and fourth connecting plates are installed at both ends of each section of the supporting vertical plates for connection, the supporting vertical plates are connected with supporting cross plates, the supporting cross plates are divided into four sections, and fifth connecting plates are installed at both ends of each section of the supporting cross plates for connection, the end of the supporting cross plate close to the supporting side plates is connected to the supporting side plates, the end of the supporting vertical plates away from the supporting bottom plate is connected to the first layer of initial support, the end of the supporting vertical plates away from the supporting bottom plate is installed with a supporting top plate, the supporting top plate is divided into four sections, and sixth connecting plates are installed at both ends of each section of the supporting top plates for connection.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the bottom of the tunnel is supported by the support bottom plate, the support side plates are connected to the support bottom plate to support the side walls of the tunnel, the support vertical plates are installed on the support bottom plate, the support vertical plates are connected to the first layer of initial support to enhance the support for the first layer of initial support, the support horizontal plates are installed on the support vertical plates, the support horizontal plates are connected to the support side plates to enhance stability, the support top plates are installed on the support vertical plates to enhance the support effect on the top of the tunnel, and the support vertical plates, support horizontal plates and support top plates are divided into multiple sections for easy assembly according to the excavation conditions of the tunnel. The support bottom plate, support side plates, support vertical plates, support horizontal plates and support top plates form a complete three-dimensional support structure, which is beneficial to improving the support effect of the multi-layer support arch structure during use.

[0014] In a specific possible implementation manner, the supporting top plate is configured to be arched according to the tunnel contour.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solutions, the arch can evenly distribute the load and avoid excessive local pressure, thereby improving the stability and safety of the structure.

[0016] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, the loading block is connected to the supporting cross plate, and the locking assembly includes a mounting plate, the mounting plate is mounted on the loading block, a locking plate is detachably mounted on the mounting plate by bolts, a positioning plate is mounted on the locking plate, the locking plate is connected to the mounting plate via the positioning plate, a first screw rod is threadedly connected to the locking plate, one end of the first screw rod close to the loading block is rotatably connected to a locking block, a guide bar for guiding the locking block is mounted on the locking plate, and the locking block is slidably connected to the guide bar.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the bolts pass through the positioning plate and the mounting plate and connect the two together for fixation, which facilitates the rapid disassembly and assembly of the locking plate, thereby realizing rapid disassembly and installation of the loading block. The loading block is fixed and unlocked by the locking block, which facilitates the position adjustment of the loading block, so that the support plate can support the designated position and enhance the stability of the support structure.

[0018] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, a first mounting groove is provided on the loading block, and the supporting assembly includes a fixing rod, which is installed on the loading block and disposed in the first mounting groove. A support plate is hinged on the fixing rod, and a seventh connecting plate is installed on one end of the support plate away from the fixing rod.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the support plate is rotatably installed on the loading block, which is convenient for the support plate to rotate, so that the seventh connecting plate can connect and support the second layer of initial support at different angles, which is convenient for the rapid installation of the support plate.

[0020] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, a second mounting groove is opened on the loading block, a second screw rod is rotatably mounted on the loading block, the second screw rod is arranged through the second mounting groove, a slider is threadedly connected to the second screw rod, a push plate is hinged on the slider, and the push plate is hinged to the support plate at one end away from the slider.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the seventh connecting plate is not connected to other media, the second screw rod is rotated to control the sliding of the slider, the slider drives the push plate to move, and the push plate pushes the support plate to rotate to adjust the angle of the support plate, so as to facilitate adjusting the angle of the support plate to change the support position of the support plate away from one end of the loading block. The support angle of the support plate is quickly determined by the push plate, which is beneficial to enhancing the performance of the support assembly.

[0022] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the third layer of initial support includes a support frame plate, both ends of the support frame plate are connected to an eighth connecting plate, and the support frame plate is connected to the second layer of initial support through the eighth connecting plate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the third layer of initial support is connected between the second layer of initial support, which can enhance the stability of the second layer of initial support.

[0024] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The first layer of initial support is installed and fixed on the surrounding rock to enhance the gripping force between the surrounding rock and enhance the stability of the support. The second layer of initial support provides support force. The third layer of initial support is enhanced and stable to form an overall support structure, which can better support the inner wall of the tunnel. The second layer of initial support is connected with a reinforcement component to enhance the stability of the connection. The locking component is used to unlock and fix the loading block to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the loading block on the second layer of initial support, which is conducive to enhancing the convenience of the multi-layer support arch structure during use.

[0025] 2. Through the setting of the support assembly, the bolts pass through the positioning plate and the mounting plate and connect the two together for fixation, which is convenient for quick disassembly and assembly of the locking plate, thereby realizing quick disassembly and installation of the loading block. The loading block is fixed and unlocked through the locking block, which is convenient for position adjustment of the loading block, so that the support plate can support the designated position and enhance the stability of the support structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting arch structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the supporting arch structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A is an enlarged view of the middle image.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second layer of initial support in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the support assembly of an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the support assembly of an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position relationship of the support components of an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the installation position relationship of the third layer of initial support according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure numerals: 1, first layer initial support; 11, screw; 12, expansion tube; 13, arch support; 131, grouting hole; 15, support arch plate; 16, first connecting plate; 2, second layer initial support; 21, support bottom plate; 211, second connecting plate; 22, support side plate; 221, third connecting plate; 23, support vertical plate; 231, fourth connecting plate; 24, support horizontal plate; 241, fifth connecting plate; 25, support top plate; 251, sixth connecting plate; 3, third layer initial support; 31, support frame plate; 311. Eighth connecting plate; 4. Reinforcement assembly; 41. Loading block; 411. First mounting slot; 412. Second mounting slot; 42. Locking assembly; 421. Mounting plate; 422. Locking plate; 4221. Positioning plate; 423. First screw rod; 4231. First rotating handle; 424. Locking block; 425. Guide strip; 43. Support assembly; 431. Fixing rod; 432. Support plate; 4321. Seventh connecting plate; 433. Second screw rod; 4331. Second rotating handle; 434. Sliding block; 435. Push plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is combined with Figure 1-8 This application is described in further detail.

[0036] Example: The present application embodiment discloses a multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 It includes a first layer of initial support 1 fixed to the surrounding rock, the first layer of initial support 1 is set within a range of 120° in the tunnel arch, and also includes a second layer of initial support 2 fixed to the ground for support, the second layer of initial support 2 is connected to the first layer of initial support 1 in the tunnel arch, and the second layer of initial support 2 is connected to a third layer of initial support 3.

[0037] The first layer of initial support 1 is installed on the surrounding rock and connected to the surrounding rock to enhance the stability of the connection with the surrounding rock. The second layer of initial support 2 is supported by the ground and connected to the first layer of initial support 1 to form a supporting structure to prop up the first layer of initial support 1 and support the inside of the tunnel to enhance the stability during tunnel construction. The stability of the second layer of initial support 2 is enhanced by the connection of the third layer of initial support 3, which is beneficial to enhance the supporting strength of the multi-layer support arch structure during use.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The first layer of initial support 1 includes a screw rod 11 installed with the surrounding rock, a plastic expansion tube 12 is fixedly installed at one end of the screw rod 11, an arch support 13 is fixedly installed on the screw rod 11, and a grouting hole 131 is opened on the arch support 13. A support arch plate 15 is connected to the screw rod 11 by bolts, and the support arch plate 15 is made of I-beam steel plate. The support arch plate 15 is divided into three sections according to the contour shape of the tunnel arch part, and the first connecting plate 16 is welded at both ends of each section of the support arch plate 15.

[0039] Six surrounding rock holes are opened in the arch of the tunnel, and one end of the screw 11 installed with the plastic expansion tube 12 is inserted into the surrounding rock hole. When the plastic expansion tube 12 is against the bottom of the surrounding rock hole, the screw 11 will expand the plastic expansion tube 12. After the plastic expansion tube 12 is expanded, it is close to the surrounding rock wall to enhance the gripping force between the screw 11 and the surrounding rock wall, and enhance the stability of the installation of the screw 11. The arch support 13 increases the contact area between the screw 11 and the surrounding rock to block the surrounding rock hole. After the screw 11 is positioned, cementitious material is injected into the surrounding rock hole from the grouting hole 131 to enhance the stability between the screw 11 and the surrounding rock. The cementitious material is preferably concrete. After the screw 11 is installed, the support arch plate 15 is installed on the screw 11 by bolts, which is beneficial to enhance the stability between the support arch plate 15 and the surrounding rock. In this embodiment, the number of surrounding rock holes opened and the number of screws 11 installed can be determined according to the actual length of the tunnel.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The second layer of initial support 2 includes a support bottom plate 21 installed on the ground. In this embodiment, the support bottom plate 21 is divided into three sections. Second connecting plates 211 are welded at both ends of each support bottom plate 21, and two adjacent support bottom plates 21 are bolted together through the second connecting plates 211. The support bottom plate 21 is connected with a support side plate 22 for supporting the side wall of the tunnel. The support side plate 22 is set according to the tunnel contour. Third connecting plates 221 are welded at both ends of the support side plate 22. One end of the support side plate 22 close to the support bottom plate 21 is bolted to the support bottom plate 21 through the third connecting plate 221. A support vertical plate 23 is installed on the support bottom plate 21. In the present embodiment, there are three groups of support vertical plates 23, each group of support vertical plates 23 is divided into three sections, and fourth connecting plates 231 are welded at both ends of each section of the support vertical plates 23, and two adjacent support vertical plates 23 are bolted together by the fourth connecting plate 231, and one end of the support vertical plate 23 away from the support bottom plate 21 is bolted to the support arch plate 15 through the fourth connecting plate 231, and one end of the support vertical plate 23 away from the support bottom plate 21 is connected to the support top plate 25, and the support top plate 25 is divided into four sections, and sixth connecting plates 251 are welded on both sides of each section of the support top plate 25, and the support top plate 25 is bolted to the support vertical plate 23 through the sixth connecting plate 251, and the support top plate 25 is set to an arch shape according to the contour shape of the tunnel. A supporting transverse plate 24 is connected between the supporting vertical plate 23 and the supporting side plate 22. Two groups of supporting transverse plates 24 are provided and the two groups of supporting transverse plates 24 are arranged in parallel in an upper and lower relationship. Each row of supporting transverse plates 24 is divided into four sections. A fifth connecting plate 241 is welded at both ends of each section of the supporting transverse plate 24. The supporting transverse plate 24 is bolted to the supporting vertical plate 23 and the supporting side plate 22 through the fifth connecting plate 241. The end of the upper supporting transverse plate 24 away from the supporting vertical plate 23 is bolted to the supporting arch plate 15 through the fifth connecting plate 241.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6A reinforcing assembly 4 is installed on the supporting transverse plate 24, and the reinforcing assembly 4 includes a loading block 41, which is slidably installed on the supporting transverse plate 24, and the loading block 41 is set to be U-shaped and buckled on the supporting transverse plate 24. A locking assembly 42 is installed on the loading block 41 to fix the loading block 41. The locking assembly 42 includes a mounting plate 421, and the mounting plate 421 is fixedly connected to the loading block 41. A locking plate 422 is detachably installed on the mounting plate 421 through bolts, and a positioning plate 422 is fixedly installed on the locking plate 422 1. When installing, the locking plate 422 is fixed to the mounting plate 421 by bolts to tighten the positioning plate 4221. The locking plate 422 is threadedly connected with a first screw rod 423, which passes through the locking plate 422. The first screw rod 423 is fixedly installed with a first rotating handle 4231 at one end of the first screw rod 423 away from the loading block 41. The end of the first screw rod 423 close to the loading block 41 is rotatably connected with a locking block 424. A guide bar 425 is fixedly installed on the locking plate 422, and the locking block 424 is slidably connected with the guide bar 425.

[0042] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The loading block 41 is provided with a first mounting groove 411, and the supporting assembly 43 includes a fixing rod 431, which is fixedly mounted on the loading block 41 and disposed in the first mounting groove 411. A support plate 432 is hingedly connected to the fixing rod 431, and a seventh connecting plate 4321 is welded to one end of the support plate 432 away from the loading block 41. A second mounting groove 412 is provided on the loading block 41, and a second screw rod 433 is rotatably mounted on the loading block 41, and the second screw rod 433 passes through the second mounting groove 412. The second screw rod 433 is located on the outer side of the loading block 41 and is fixedly mounted with a second rotating handle 4331, and a slider 434 is threadedly connected to the second screw rod 433, and a push plate 435 is hingedly connected to the slider 434, and one end of the push plate 435 away from the slider 434 is hingedly connected to the support plate 432.

[0043] The positioning plate 4221 is brought into contact with the mounting plate 421, and bolts are passed through the positioning plate 4221 and the mounting plate 421 to connect the two together for fixation, so as to facilitate the quick disassembly and assembly of the locking plate 422, thereby realizing the quick disassembly and installation of the loading block 41. When the locking plate 422 is fixed, the first screw rod 423 is rotated to push the locking block 424 close to the supporting cross plate 24, so that the locking block 424 and the supporting cross plate 24 are tightly pressed against the loading block 41 to fix it. The loading block 41 is fixed and unlocked by the locking block 424, which facilitates the position adjustment of the loading block 41, so that the support plate 432 can support the specified position. The second screw rod 433 is rotated to control the sliding of the slider 434, and the slider 434 drives the push plate 435 to move. The push plate 435 pushes the support plate 432 to rotate and adjust the angle of the support plate 432, so as to facilitate adjusting the angle of the support plate 432 to change the supporting position of the support plate 432 away from one end of the loading block 41. The second layer of initial support 2 is supported and fixed by the reinforcing component 4, which is beneficial to enhancing the stability of the support structure.

[0044] Reference Figure 8 The third layer of initial support 3 includes a support frame plate 31, and eighth connecting plates 311 are welded at both ends of the support frame plate 31. The support frame plate 31 is fixedly mounted on the second layer of initial support 2 of two adjacent support arch structures through the eighth connecting plates 311. In this embodiment, eight support frame plates 31 are installed between every two support arch structures, and a wire mesh is installed between every two support frame plates 31.

[0045] The second layer of initial support 2 is connected to a support frame plate 31 to enhance the stability between two adjacent second layer initial supports 2. A wire mesh is connected between the support frame plates 31 to prevent debris from falling between the gaps between the support structures, thereby enhancing the safety of the support structure during use.

[0046] The present application also provides a method for installing a multi-layer support arch structure. Figures 1 to 8 , including the following steps: When installing the first layer of initial support 1, a screw rod 11 is installed on the surrounding rock with a hole, an expansion tube 12 is installed at one end of the screw rod 11 extending into the hole of the surrounding rock, and a cementitious material is injected into the hole where the screw rod 11 is installed. After the screw rod 11 is installed and fixed, a support arch plate 15 is installed by bolts, and two adjacent support arch plates 15 are connected by bolts; After the first layer of initial support 1 is installed, the second layer of initial support 2 is installed, the support bottom plate 21 is installed at the bottom of the tunnel, and the two ends of the support bottom plate 21 are connected to the support side plates 22 by bolts. After the support side plates 22 are installed, three groups of support vertical plates 23 are connected to the support bottom plate 21, and the bottom ends of the support vertical plates 23 are bolted to the support bottom plate 21, and the top ends are bolted to the support arch plates 15 of the first layer of initial support 1; After the three groups of support vertical plates 23 are installed, two groups of support horizontal plates 24 are bolted to the support vertical plates 23. The two ends of the support horizontal plates 24 located at the lower side are bolted to the support side plates 22, and the support horizontal plates 24 located at the upper side are bolted to the support arch plates 15. A support top plate 25 is bolted to one end of the support vertical plate 23 away from the support bottom plate 21, and the two ends of the support top plate 25 close to the support side plates 22 are bolted to the support horizontal plate 24. When installing the support top plate 25, a reinforcement component 4 is installed on the support horizontal plate 24, and the support top plate 25 is supported by the support plate 432 of the reinforcement component 4, so as to facilitate the installation and connection of the support top plate 25; After the second layer of initial support 2 is installed, eight support frame plates 31 are installed between two adjacent second layer of initial support 2 , and wire meshes are installed between each support frame plate 31 .

[0047] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the first layer of initial support 1 is installed on the surrounding rock and connected to the surrounding rock to enhance the stability of the connection with the surrounding rock; the second layer of initial support 2 is supported by the ground and connected to the first layer of initial support 1 to form a support structure to prop up the first layer of initial support 1 and support the inside of the tunnel to enhance the stability during tunnel construction; the stability of the second layer of initial support 2 is enhanced by the connection of the third layer of initial support 3, which is beneficial to enhancing the supporting strength of the multi-layer support arch structure during use; the second layer of initial support 2 is supported and fixed by the reinforcing component 4, which is beneficial to enhancing the stability of the support structure.

[0048] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-layer support arch structure for the construction of a shallow-buried tunnel with a large span, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first layer of initial support (1) installed with surrounding rock, a second layer of initial support (2) providing supporting force being connected to the first layer of initial support (1), a third layer of initial support (3) being connected to the second layer of initial support (2), a reinforcing assembly (4) for reinforcing the supporting connection being installed on the second layer of initial support (2), the reinforcing assembly (4) comprising a loading block (41), the loading block (41) being slidably connected to the second layer of initial support (2), and a locking assembly (42) for fixing and a supporting assembly (43) for supporting being installed on the loading block (41).

2. A multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first layer of initial support (1) comprises a screw rod (11) installed in the surrounding rock, an arch support (13) is installed on the screw rod (11), a grouting hole (131) is provided on the arch support (13), a support arch plate (15) is connected to the screw rod (11) by bolts, a first connecting plate (16) is installed on the support arch plate (15) for connection, and a first connecting hole (161) is provided on the first connecting plate (16).

3. A multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: An expansion tube (12) is installed at one end of the screw rod (11) that extends into the surrounding rock.

4. The multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second layer of initial support (2) comprises a support bottom plate (21) for bottom support, the support bottom plate (21) is connected to a support side plate (22) for supporting the tunnel side wall, the support bottom plate (21) is connected to three groups of support vertical plates (23), each group of the support vertical plates (23) is divided into three sections, and both ends of each section of the support vertical plates (23) are installed with a fourth connecting plate (231) for connection, and the support vertical plates (23) are connected to two groups of support horizontal plates (24), each group of the support horizontal plates (24) is divided into four sections, and each section of the support horizontal plates ( A fifth connecting plate (241) is installed at both ends of the support cross plate (24) for connection, an end of the support cross plate (24) close to the support side plate (22) is connected to the support side plate (22), an end of the support vertical plate (23) away from the support bottom plate (21) is connected to the first layer of initial support (1), and an end of the support vertical plate (23) away from the support bottom plate (21) is installed with a support top plate (25), the support top plate (25) is divided into four sections, and a sixth connecting plate (251) is installed at both ends of each section of the support top plate (25) for connection.

5. The multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The supporting top plate (25) is arranged in an arch shape according to the tunnel profile.

6. The multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The supporting transverse plate (24) is connected to the loading block (41); the locking assembly (42) comprises a mounting plate (421); the mounting plate (421) is mounted on the loading block (41); a locking plate (422) is detachably mounted on the mounting plate (421) by means of bolts; a positioning plate (4221) is mounted on the locking plate (422); the locking plate (422) is connected to the mounting plate (421) via the positioning plate (4221); a first screw rod (423) is threadedly connected to the locking plate (422); an end of the first screw rod (423) close to the loading block (41) is rotatably connected to a locking block (424); a guide bar (425) for guiding the locking block (424) is mounted on the locking plate (422); the locking block (424) is slidably connected to the guide bar (425).

7. The multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The loading block (41) is provided with a first mounting groove (411), the supporting assembly (43) comprises a fixing rod (431), the fixing rod (431) is mounted on the loading block (41), the fixing rod (431) is arranged in the first mounting groove (411), a support plate (432) is hingedly connected to the fixing rod (431), and a seventh connecting plate (4321) is mounted on one end of the support plate (432) away from the fixing rod (431).

8. The multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The loading block (41) is provided with a second mounting groove (412), and a second screw rod (433) is rotatably mounted on the loading block (41). The second screw rod (433) is arranged through the second mounting groove (412), and a slider (434) is threadedly connected to the second screw rod (433). A push plate (435) is hingedly connected to the slider (434), and an end of the push plate (435) away from the slider (434) is hingedly connected to the support plate (432).

9. The multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The third layer of initial support (3) comprises a support frame plate (31), both ends of the support frame plate (31) are connected to an eighth connecting plate (311), and the support frame plate (31) is connected to the second layer of initial support (2) via the eighth connecting plate (311).

10. A method for installing a multi-layer support arch structure, based on the multi-layer support arch structure for ultra-large span shallow buried tunnel construction according to claims 1-9, characterized in that: The steps include: When installing the first layer of initial support (1), the screw rod (11) is installed on the surrounding rock with holes, the expansion tube (12) is installed at one end of the screw rod (11) extending into the hole of the surrounding rock, and a cementitious material is injected into the hole where the screw rod (11) is installed. After the screw rod (11) is installed and fixed, the support arch plate (15) is installed by bolts, and two adjacent support arch plates (15) are connected by bolts; After the first layer of initial support (1) is installed, the second layer of initial support (2) is installed, the support base plate (21) is installed at the bottom of the tunnel, the two ends of the support base plate (21) are connected to the support side plates (22) by bolts, and after the support side plates (22) are installed, three groups of support vertical plates (23) are connected to the support base plate (21), the bottom ends of the support vertical plates (23) are bolted to the support base plate (21), and the top ends are bolted to the support arch plates (15) of the first layer of initial support (1); After the three groups of the supporting vertical plates (23) are installed, two groups of the supporting horizontal plates (24) are bolted to the supporting vertical plates (23), the two ends of the supporting horizontal plates (24) located at the lower side are bolted to the supporting side plates (22), and the supporting horizontal plates (24) located at the upper side are bolted to the supporting arch plates (15); The support top plate (25) is bolted to one end of the support vertical plate (23) away from the support bottom plate (21); the support top plate (25) is bolted to the support horizontal plate (24) at both ends close to the support side plates (22); when the support top plate (25) is installed, the reinforcement assembly (4) is installed on the support horizontal plate (24); and the support top plate (25) is supported by the support plate (432) of the reinforcement assembly (4); After the second layer of initial support (2) is installed, the support frame plate (31) is installed between the second layer of initial support (2), and a wire mesh is installed on the support frame plate (31).

Images