Smelting device and smelting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a smelting device and a smelting method, and the smelting device comprises a carbonization electric furnace used for placing furnace charge; the graphite electrode is placed in the carbonization electric furnace, part of the graphite electrode extends into the furnace charge, and part of the graphite electrode is exposed between the furnace charge and a furnace cover of the carbonization electric furnace; the electrifying device is used for electrifying the graphite electrode so as to smelt furnace charge; the ventilation device is used for introducing reducing gas into the bottom of the graphite electrode; wherein the bottom of the graphite electrode is subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of the reducing gas. According to the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, end consumption and side oxidation consumption of the graphite electrode can be synchronous or faster than side oxidation consumption, on one hand, the breaking risk of the waist part of the electrode can be reduced, on the other hand, the breaking risk of the waist part of the electrode can be avoided by controlling balance of end consumption and side consumption of the graphite electrode, and the time consumed for replacing the electrode is shortened; the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of smelting, and in particular to a smelting device and a smelting method. Background Art

[0002] Generally speaking, graphite electrode consumption is divided into end consumption and side consumption. The heating mechanism of the high-temperature carbonization reaction of blast furnace slag is mainly resistance heating. The end of the graphite electrode consumes slowly, but the side oxidation consumption is serious. After using a few furnaces, it will become thin in the middle and thick at both ends, and the whole electrode will be dumbbell-shaped. In order to ensure smelting safety, reduce the risk of electrode waist breakage, and reduce unnecessary physical consumption, when the waist is thin to a certain extent, the electrode needs to be cooled down and cut off from the thin part, the bottom electrode needs to be discarded, and then the new electrode needs to be reassembled and put online for use.

[0003] The existing method of using graphite electrodes for carbonization furnaces will cause the electrodes to be thick at both ends and thin in the middle, and the electrodes need to be manually cut off and then reassembled for use online. This operation method brings inconvenience to production organization, and it is impossible to achieve online electrode lengthening, which affects production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to overcome at least one aspect of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a smelting device comprising the following steps: Carbonizing electric furnace, used to place charge; A graphite electrode is placed in the carbonization furnace and partially extends into the furnace charge and partially exposed between the furnace charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization furnace; An energizing device, used to energize the graphite electrode to smelt the charge; A venting device, used for introducing reducing gas into the bottom of the graphite electrode; Wherein, the bottom of the graphite electrode undergoes redox reaction under the action of the reducing gas.

[0005] In some embodiments, the graphite electrode has a hollow channel with an inner diameter of 150 mm to 200 mm; The ventilation device introduces the reducing gas into the bottom of the graphene through the channel.

[0006] In some embodiments, the ventilation device is further used to adjust the speed of introducing the reducing gas according to the consumption rate of the graphite electrode exposed between the charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization electric furnace.

[0007] In some embodiments, the reducing gas is CO2 gas.

[0008] In some embodiments, the CO2 gas introduction rate is 15 m³ / h ~25 m³ / h.

[0009] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a smelting method, comprising the steps of: Placing the charge into the carbonization electric furnace; Putting a graphite electrode into the carbonization furnace with a portion of the graphite electrode extending into the furnace charge and a portion of the graphite electrode being exposed between the furnace charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization furnace; energizing the graphite electrode to smelt the charge; A reducing gas is introduced into the bottom of the graphite electrode so that the bottom of the graphite electrode undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of the reducing gas.

[0010] In some embodiments, the graphite electrode has a hollow channel with an inner diameter of 150 mm to 200 mm; The reducing gas is introduced into the bottom of the graphene through the channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, it also includes: The speed of introducing the reducing gas is adjusted according to the consumption speed of the graphite electrode exposed between the charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization electric furnace.

[0012] In some embodiments, the reducing gas is CO2 gas.

[0013] In some embodiments, the CO2 gas introduction rate is 15 m³ / h ~25 m³ / h.

[0014] The present invention has one of the following beneficial technical effects: the scheme proposed in the embodiment of the present invention can make the consumption of the end of the graphite electrode synchronized with the side oxidation consumption, or faster than the side oxidation consumption. On the one hand, it can reduce the risk of the electrode waist breaking. On the other hand, by controlling the balance of consumption between the end and the side of the graphite electrode, it can avoid the risk of the electrode waist breaking, reduce the time consumed in replacing the electrode, and improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a smelting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for distinguishing two non-identical entities with the same name or non-identical parameters. It can be seen that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. The subsequent embodiments will not explain this one by one.

[0019] According to one aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a smelting device, which may include: Carbonizing electric furnace, used to place charge; A graphite electrode is placed in the carbonization furnace and partially extends into the furnace charge and partially exposed between the furnace charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization furnace; An energizing device, used to energize the graphite electrode to smelt the charge; A venting device, used for introducing reducing gas into the bottom of the graphite electrode; Wherein, the bottom of the graphite electrode undergoes redox reaction under the action of the reducing gas.

[0020] The solution proposed in the embodiment of the present invention can make the consumption of the end of the graphite electrode synchronized with the consumption of the side oxidation, or faster than the consumption of the side oxidation. On the one hand, it can reduce the risk of the waist of the electrode breaking. On the other hand, by controlling the balance of consumption between the end and the side of the graphite electrode, it can avoid the risk of the waist of the electrode breaking, reduce the time consumed in replacing the electrode, and improve production efficiency.

[0021] In some embodiments, during smelting, graphite is used as an electrode, part of which extends into the charge, and the other part is exposed in the space between the charge and the cover of the carbonization furnace. Because the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is always very high, this high temperature environment is a great challenge for the part of graphite exposed between the charge and the cover. Under high temperature conditions, graphite will react chemically with some substances in the surrounding environment, mainly oxidation reactions. As the smelting process continues, the high temperature causes this part of graphite to be continuously oxidized and consumed, and this consumption is quite serious. After several furnaces of smelting, it will be found that the shape of the graphite electrode has changed significantly, becoming thin in the middle and thick at both ends. This is because the exposed part in the middle consumes more, while the two ends consume relatively less.

[0022] In order to solve the problem of uneven consumption of the graphite electrode, the present invention proposes to introduce reducing gas into the bottom of the graphite electrode, with the purpose of accelerating the consumption of the bottom by the reducing gas.

[0023] When the reducing gas is introduced into the bottom of the graphite electrode, since it is a high-temperature environment, the reducing gas will react with the surrounding substances under the action of high temperature. These reactions make the consumption rate of the bottom of the graphite electrode faster. Originally, only the exposed part in the middle consumed quickly, but now the consumption rate of the bottom is also accelerated in this way, so that the consumption rate of the ends (that is, the two ends) and the sides (the middle part is also considered part of the side, here refers to the part other than the two ends) of the electrode can gradually reach a similar level, that is, synchronous consumption is achieved. This synchronous consumption is very beneficial. It can make the overall consumption of the graphite electrode more uniform, and there will be no situation where a certain part is consumed too fast or too slow, thereby extending the service life of the graphite electrode. In addition, it can also make the entire smelting process more stable and efficient, avoiding a series of problems that may be caused by uneven electrode consumption, such as unstable current and affected smelting effect.

[0024] In some embodiments, the graphite electrode has a hollow channel with an inner diameter of 150 mm to 200 mm; The ventilation device introduces the reducing gas into the bottom of the graphene through the channel.

[0025] Specifically, the graphite electrode has a hollow channel, which is like a hollow part "dug" out inside the graphite electrode to form a channel. The inner diameter of this channel is 150mm-200mm. The existence of the channel provides a passable path for the subsequent introduction of reducing gas, and the function of the ventilation device is to transport the reducing gas into the interior of the graphite electrode. It completes the gas transportation task by utilizing the hollow channel that already exists inside the graphite electrode. In other words, the ventilation device sends the reducing gas along the channel so that the reducing gas can smoothly reach the bottom area of ​​the graphite electrode. In this way, under the high temperature environment at the bottom, the reducing gas can react according to the principles described above, thereby affecting the consumption rate at the bottom of the graphite electrode, and finally realizing the synchronous consumption of the electrode end and side, so as to solve the previously mentioned problem of uneven electrode consumption caused by high-temperature oxidation.

[0026] In some embodiments, the ventilation device is further used to adjust the speed of introducing the reducing gas according to the consumption rate of the graphite electrode exposed between the charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization electric furnace.

[0027] Specifically, during the smelting process, as time goes by and under the influence of various conditions, part of the graphite electrode exposed between the charge and the furnace cover will continue to be oxidized and consumed due to the high temperature environment, and its consumption rate is not constant. When it is monitored that the consumption rate of this part of the graphite electrode is getting faster, it means that if no intervention is made, the uneven consumption of the electrode may become more serious, causing the shape of the electrode to become irregular more quickly, affecting its normal use and smelting effect. At this time, the ventilation device will respond according to the monitored consumption rate information and increase the speed of introducing reducing gas accordingly. By speeding up the introduction of reducing gas, the consumption rate of the bottom of the graphite electrode can also be accelerated, so as to strive to keep the consumption rate of the electrode end and side relatively consistent, and avoid the problem of imbalance in the overall consumption of the electrode due to excessive consumption of this part.

[0028] On the contrary, when it is monitored that the consumption rate of the graphite electrode part exposed between the charge and the furnace cover slows down, the ventilation device will appropriately reduce the speed of introducing reducing gas to prevent uneven consumption of the electrode due to excessive consumption at the bottom, and always ensure that the consumption speed of the ends and sides of the electrode can be as synchronized as possible, so as to maintain the good working condition of the graphite electrode and the stable operation of the entire smelting process.

[0029] In some embodiments, the reducing gas is CO2 gas.

[0030] Specifically, CO2 can react with graphite electrodes to generate CO in a specific high temperature environment, and CO is beneficial to smelting, so CO2 is selected as the reducing gas.

[0031] In some embodiments, the CO2 gas introduction rate is 15 m³ / h ~25 m³ / h.

[0032] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a smelting method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the steps include: Placing the charge into the carbonization electric furnace; Putting a graphite electrode into the carbonization furnace with a portion of the graphite electrode extending into the furnace charge and a portion of the graphite electrode being exposed between the furnace charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization furnace; energizing the graphite electrode to smelt the charge; A reducing gas is introduced into the bottom of the graphite electrode so that the bottom of the graphite electrode undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of the reducing gas.

[0033] The solution proposed in the embodiment of the present invention can make the consumption of the end of the graphite electrode synchronized with the consumption of the side oxidation, or faster than the consumption of the side oxidation. On the one hand, it can reduce the risk of the waist of the electrode breaking. On the other hand, by controlling the balance of consumption between the end and the side of the graphite electrode, it can avoid the risk of the waist of the electrode breaking, reduce the time consumed in replacing the electrode, and improve production efficiency.

[0034] In some embodiments, during smelting, graphite is used as an electrode, part of which extends into the charge, and the other part is exposed in the space between the charge and the cover of the carbonization furnace. Because the temperature inside the carbonization furnace is always very high, this high temperature environment is a great challenge for the part of graphite exposed between the charge and the cover. Under high temperature conditions, graphite will react chemically with some substances in the surrounding environment, mainly oxidation reactions. As the smelting process continues, the high temperature causes this part of graphite to be continuously oxidized and consumed, and this consumption is quite serious. After several furnaces of smelting, it will be found that the shape of the graphite electrode has changed significantly, becoming thin in the middle and thick at both ends. This is because the exposed part in the middle consumes more, while the two ends consume relatively less.

[0035] In order to solve the problem of uneven consumption of the graphite electrode, the present invention proposes to introduce reducing gas into the bottom of the graphite electrode, with the purpose of accelerating the consumption of the bottom by the reducing gas.

[0036] When the reducing gas is introduced into the bottom of the graphite electrode, since it is a high-temperature environment, the reducing gas will react with the surrounding substances under the action of high temperature. These reactions make the consumption rate of the bottom of the graphite electrode faster. Originally, only the exposed part in the middle consumed quickly, but now the consumption rate of the bottom is also accelerated in this way, so that the consumption rate of the ends (that is, the two ends) and the sides (the middle part is also considered part of the side, here refers to the part other than the two ends) of the electrode can gradually reach a similar level, that is, synchronous consumption is achieved. This synchronous consumption is very beneficial. It can make the overall consumption of the graphite electrode more uniform, and there will be no situation where a certain part is consumed too fast or too slow, thereby extending the service life of the graphite electrode. In addition, it can also make the entire smelting process more stable and efficient, avoiding a series of problems that may be caused by uneven electrode consumption, such as unstable current and affected smelting effect.

[0037] In some embodiments, the graphite electrode has a hollow channel with an inner diameter of 150 mm to 200 mm; The reducing gas is introduced into the bottom of the graphene through the channel.

[0038] Specifically, the graphite electrode has a hollow channel, which is like a hollow part "dug" out inside the graphite electrode to form a channel. The inner diameter of this channel is 150mm-200mm. The existence of the channel provides a passable path for the subsequent introduction of reducing gas, and the function of the ventilation device is to transport the reducing gas into the interior of the graphite electrode. It completes the gas transportation task by utilizing the hollow channel that already exists inside the graphite electrode. In other words, the ventilation device sends the reducing gas along the channel so that the reducing gas can smoothly reach the bottom area of ​​the graphite electrode. In this way, under the high temperature environment at the bottom, the reducing gas can react according to the principles described above, thereby affecting the consumption rate at the bottom of the graphite electrode, and finally realizing the synchronous consumption of the electrode end and side, so as to solve the previously mentioned problem of uneven electrode consumption caused by high-temperature oxidation.

[0039] Specifically, during the smelting process, as time goes by and under the influence of various conditions, part of the graphite electrode exposed between the charge and the furnace cover will continue to be oxidized and consumed due to the high temperature environment, and its consumption rate is not constant. When it is monitored that the consumption rate of this part of the graphite electrode is getting faster, it means that if no intervention is made, the uneven consumption of the electrode may become more serious, causing the shape of the electrode to become irregular more quickly, affecting its normal use and smelting effect. At this time, the ventilation device will respond according to the monitored consumption rate information and increase the speed of introducing reducing gas accordingly. By speeding up the introduction of reducing gas, the consumption rate of the bottom of the graphite electrode can also be accelerated, so as to strive to keep the consumption rate of the electrode end and side relatively consistent, and avoid the problem of imbalance in the overall consumption of the electrode due to excessive consumption of this part.

[0040] On the contrary, when it is monitored that the consumption rate of the graphite electrode part exposed between the charge and the furnace cover slows down, the ventilation device will appropriately reduce the speed of introducing reducing gas to prevent uneven consumption of the electrode due to excessive consumption at the bottom, and always ensure that the consumption speed of the ends and sides of the electrode can be as synchronized as possible, so as to maintain the good working condition of the graphite electrode and the stable operation of the entire smelting process.

[0041] In some embodiments, it also includes: The speed of introducing the reducing gas is adjusted according to the consumption speed of the graphite electrode exposed between the charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization electric furnace.

[0042] In some embodiments, the reducing gas is CO2 gas.

[0043] In some embodiments, the CO2 gas introduction rate is 15 m³ / h ~25 m³ / h.

[0044] Specifically, CO2 can react with graphite electrodes to generate CO in a specific high temperature environment, and CO is beneficial to smelting, so CO2 is selected as the reducing gas.

[0045] The above are exemplary embodiments disclosed in the present invention, but it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention as defined in the claims. The functions, steps and / or actions of the method claims according to the disclosed embodiments described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. In addition, although the elements disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be described or required in individual form, they may also be understood as multiple unless explicitly limited to the singular.

[0046] It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly supports an exception. It should also be understood that, as used herein, "and / or" refers to any and all possible combinations including one or more of the associated listed items.

[0047] The serial numbers of the embodiments disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0048] A person skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; under the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the above embodiments of the present invention, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smelting device, characterized in that: include: Carbonizing electric furnace, used to place charge; A graphite electrode is placed in the carbonization furnace and partially extends into the furnace charge and partially exposed between the furnace charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization furnace; An energizing device, used to energize the graphite electrode to smelt the charge; A venting device, used for introducing reducing gas into the bottom of the graphite electrode; Wherein, the bottom of the graphite electrode undergoes redox reaction under the action of the reducing gas.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The graphite electrode has a hollow channel with an inner diameter of 150 mm to 200 mm; The ventilation device introduces the reducing gas into the bottom of the graphene through the channel.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The ventilation device is also used to adjust the speed of introducing the reducing gas according to the consumption speed of the graphite electrode exposed between the charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization electric furnace.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The reducing gas is CO2 gas.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The CO2 gas input rate is 15 m³ / h ~25 m³ / h.

6. A smelting method, characterized in that: Includes steps: Placing the charge into the carbonization electric furnace; Putting a graphite electrode into the carbonization furnace with a portion of the graphite electrode extending into the furnace charge and a portion of the graphite electrode being exposed between the furnace charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization furnace; energizing the graphite electrode to smelt the charge; A reducing gas is introduced into the bottom of the graphite electrode so that the bottom of the graphite electrode undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of the reducing gas.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The graphite electrode has a hollow channel with an inner diameter of 150 mm to 200 mm; The reducing gas is introduced into the bottom of the graphene through the channel.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Also includes: The speed of introducing the reducing gas is adjusted according to the consumption speed of the graphite electrode exposed between the charge and the furnace cover of the carbonization electric furnace.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The reducing gas is CO2 gas.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The CO2 gas input rate is 15 m³ / h ~25 m³ / h.

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