Hydrogen fuel cell control method and device, medium and train

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell control method and device, a medium and a train. Relates to the field of fuel cells, and solves the safety problem caused by inconsistent hydrogen SOC of a plurality of groups of fuel cells. The output power corresponding to the fuel cell with more hydrogen surplus is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with less hydrogen surplus, that is, the fuel cell corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with high hydrogen SOC outputs more power, so that the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is high; according to the method, the fuel cell corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with the low hydrogen SOC is low in output, so that the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is low, the SOCs of the hydrogen storage devices tend to be consistent, and fuel cell shutdown caused by the hydrogen SOC wooden barrel effect of the hydrogen storage system is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell control method, device, medium and train. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is considered the ultimate energy source for the development of human society due to its abundant resources, clean and pollution-free and storable characteristics. Hydrogen fuel cells are energy conversion devices that convert hydrogen energy into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. They have attracted the attention of researchers from all over the world due to their high energy density, pollution-free, noise-free and Carnot cycle-free characteristics. Fuel cells have also been developed and applied for a long time.

[0003] However, its application in high-power and long-distance is relatively limited. For hydrogen-powered trains with higher speed levels, high power and high energy consumption are key indicators. Fuel cell systems and hydrogen storage devices are usually arranged on the roof of each vehicle. Since the rooftop hydrogen storage device cannot be connected, there will be a problem of inconsistent remaining hydrogen state (SOC).

[0004] At present, the research on multi-stack fuel cells mainly focuses on the topological structure of the multi-stack system and its overall efficiency. Researchers try to use various optimization methods and control means to improve the efficiency of the multi-stack system in order to optimize the economy. However, most of the research does not involve the problem of inconsistent hydrogen SOC, and does not consider the impact of different SOC hydrogen storage devices on the safety and stability of the system due to the "barrel effect".

[0005] It can be seen that how to solve the safety problem caused by the inconsistent hydrogen SOC of multiple fuel cells is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by people in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell control method, device, medium and train to solve the safety problem caused by inconsistent hydrogen SOC of multiple fuel cells.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell control method, which is applied to a multi-stack fuel cell system, comprising:

[0008] Obtaining the remaining amount of hydrogen in hydrogen storage devices corresponding to the plurality of fuel cells;

[0009] Obtain the whole vehicle power consumption of the train;

[0010] Adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, wherein the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with more remaining hydrogen is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with less remaining hydrogen;

[0011] The power output of each fuel cell is controlled according to the adjusted output power.

[0012] As an optional solution, in the above hydrogen fuel cell control method, adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle includes:

[0013] Obtaining a total hydrogen surplus according to each of the hydrogen surpluses;

[0014] Obtaining the output power of each of the fuel cells according to the first formula;

[0015] Among them, the first formula is: fci =P load / (SOC 总 )* SOC i ;

[0016] Where P fci represents the output power of the i-th fuel cell, P load Indicates the power consumption of the vehicle, SOC 总 Indicates the total hydrogen balance, SOC i Indicates the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device corresponding to the i-th fuel cell.

[0017] As an optional solution, in the above hydrogen fuel cell control method, adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle includes:

[0018] Determining an acceleration factor according to each of the hydrogen surpluses, wherein the hydrogen surplus of each fuel cell decreases and the corresponding acceleration factor increases;

[0019] Obtaining the output power of each of the fuel cells according to a second formula;

[0020] Wherein, the second formula is: fci =P load / (SOC1 x1 + SOC2 x2 +…SOC i xi + SOC n xn )* SOC i xi ;

[0021] Where P fci represents the output power of the i-th fuel cell, P load represents the power consumption of the whole vehicle, xi represents the acceleration factor of the i-th fuel cell, SOC irepresents the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device corresponding to the i-th fuel cell, and n represents the number of the fuel cells.

[0022] As an optional solution, in the above hydrogen fuel cell control method, determining the acceleration factor according to each of the hydrogen residual amounts includes:

[0023] Determining a variance value according to each of the hydrogen surpluses;

[0024] Obtaining the acceleration factor corresponding to each of the fuel cells according to the variance value and the third formula;

[0025] Wherein, the third formula is: i+1 =x i +△x;

[0026] In the formula, x i represents the acceleration factor of the ith fuel cell, x1=1; △x represents the product of the ratio of the total hydrogen surplus to the total hydrogen storage and the variance value.

[0027] As an optional solution, in the above hydrogen fuel cell control method, after adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, it also includes:

[0028] Determining whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold;

[0029] If yes, power compensation is performed, and the step of controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power is entered, until the output power of each fuel cell does not exceed the preset power threshold, and the step of adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle is returned;

[0030] If not, enter the step of controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power.

[0031] As an optional solution, in the above hydrogen fuel cell control method, the step of determining whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold comprises:

[0032] Determine whether there is a fuel cell among the output powers that exceeds a preset maximum output power value;

[0033] If yes, then the performing of power compensation includes:

[0034] using one or more fuel cells other than the fuel cell exceeding the preset maximum output power value as a compensation cell;

[0035] Allocating the excess power difference of the fuel cell that exceeds the preset maximum output power value to the output power of the compensation battery to obtain the output power of the compensation battery after compensation;

[0036] The preset maximum output power value is used as the output power of the fuel cell exceeding the preset maximum output power value.

[0037] As an optional solution, in the above hydrogen fuel cell control method, the step of determining whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold comprises:

[0038] Determine whether there is a fuel cell whose output power is lower than a preset minimum output power value;

[0039] If yes, then the performing of power compensation includes:

[0040] using one or more fuel cells other than the fuel cell with an output power lower than a preset minimum value as a compensation cell;

[0041] Allocating the insufficient power difference of the fuel cell that is lower than the preset maximum output power value to the output power of the compensation battery to obtain the output power of the compensation battery after compensation;

[0042] The preset minimum output power value is used as the output power of the fuel cell lower than the preset maximum output power value.

[0043] As an optional solution, in the above hydrogen fuel cell control method, the step of obtaining the remaining hydrogen amount of the hydrogen storage devices of the plurality of fuel cells includes:

[0044] Collect the high pressure and temperature of each hydrogen storage device;

[0045] The corresponding hydrogen surplus is obtained according to the high pressure and the temperature.

[0046] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell control device, comprising:

[0047] A first acquisition module is used to acquire the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage devices corresponding to the plurality of fuel cells;

[0048] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the whole vehicle power consumption of the train;

[0049] An adjustment module, used for adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the residual hydrogen amount and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, wherein the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with more residual hydrogen is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with less residual hydrogen;

[0050] A control module is used to control the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power.

[0051] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell control device, comprising:

[0052] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0053] A processor is used to implement the steps of the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell control method when executing the computer program.

[0054] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above hydrogen fuel cell control method are implemented.

[0055] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also provides a train, including the above hydrogen fuel cell control device.

[0056] The hydrogen fuel cell control method provided in the present application includes: obtaining the hydrogen remaining amount of a hydrogen storage device corresponding to a plurality of fuel cells; obtaining the whole vehicle power consumption of a train; adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the hydrogen remaining amount and the whole vehicle power consumption, wherein the output power corresponding to a fuel cell with a large hydrogen remaining amount is greater than the output power corresponding to a fuel cell with a small hydrogen remaining amount; and controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power. The present application adjusts the output power of each fuel cell by acquiring the hydrogen remaining amount of multiple hydrogen storage devices in real time in combination with the power consumption of the whole vehicle. The output power corresponding to the fuel cell with a large hydrogen remaining amount is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with a small hydrogen remaining amount, that is, the fuel cell system corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with a high hydrogen SOC is made to output more, so that the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is high; the fuel cell system corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with a low hydrogen SOC is made to output less, so that the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is low, and the SOC of each hydrogen storage device tends to be consistent. By taking the consistency of the SOC of the whole vehicle hydrogen storage system as the main optimization goal, the power distribution of each stack is changed again. On the premise of meeting the power consumption of the whole vehicle fuel cell system, the hydrogen SOC of each hydrogen storage system is made consistent, so as to avoid the "barrel effect" of the hydrogen SOC of the hydrogen storage system causing the fuel cell to shut down.

[0057] In addition, the present application also provides a device, a medium and a train, which correspond to the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell control method and have the same effect as above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0059] Figure 1 A flow chart of a hydrogen fuel cell control method is provided for this embodiment;

[0060] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a multi-stack fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of power coordination control of a fuel cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell control device for a hydrogen fuel cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 5 A structural diagram of another hydrogen fuel cell control device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0065] The core of this application is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell control method, device, medium and train.

[0066] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0067] With the progress of human science and technology and the high development of society, the demand for energy is increasing day by day. Traditional fossil energy can no longer meet the demand for energy. The development of new energy has become the primary goal of energy development in various countries. At present, there is an urgent need to find a safe and environmentally friendly new energy with high energy conversion rate. Among all new energy sources, hydrogen energy is considered to be the ultimate energy source for the development of human society due to its abundant resources, clean and pollution-free and storable characteristics. Hydrogen fuel cells are energy conversion devices that convert hydrogen energy into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. Due to their high energy density, pollution-free, noise-free and Carnot cycle characteristics, they have attracted the attention of researchers from all over the world, and fuel cells have also been developed and applied in the long term.

[0068] In recent years, countries around the world have successfully used fuel cells as the main power source for rail transit vehicles, but their applications in high-power and long-distance are relatively limited. For hydrogen-powered trains with higher speed levels, high power and high energy consumption are key indicators. Fuel cell systems and hydrogen storage devices are usually arranged on the roof of each vehicle. Since the rooftop hydrogen storage device cannot be connected, the problem of inconsistent hydrogen SOC will arise.

[0069] At present, the research on multi-stack fuel cells mainly focuses on the topological structure of the multi-stack system and its overall efficiency. Researchers have tried to use various optimization methods and control means to improve the efficiency of the multi-stack system in order to optimize the economy. However, most of the research has not involved the problem of inconsistent hydrogen SOC, and has not taken into account the impact of different SOC hydrogen storage devices on the safety and stability of the system due to the "barrel effect". This application does not limit the application scenarios of fuel cells, and it can be an environment where multiple fuel cells work together.

[0070] To solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a hydrogen fuel cell control method, which is applied to a multi-stack fuel cell system. Figure 1 A flow chart of a hydrogen fuel cell control method is provided for this embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0071] S11: Obtaining the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage devices corresponding to the plurality of fuel cells;

[0072] S12: Obtain the power consumption of the entire train;

[0073] S13: adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, wherein the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with more remaining hydrogen is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with less remaining hydrogen;

[0074] S14: Controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power.

[0075] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a multi-stack fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, each vehicle has a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen fuel cell and a DC / DC converter on its roof. The number of sets depends on the vehicle formation, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device is not connected. A hydrogen storage device may contain multiple hydrogen storage bottles, which are calculated as a whole.

[0076] The power consumption of the whole vehicle refers to the total electric power required by the train during operation, including the power consumption of all electrical equipment such as traction, braking, lighting, air conditioning, etc. In order to make the hydrogen SOC of each hydrogen storage device consistent, avoid the hydrogen SOC "barrel effect" causing the fuel cell to shut down, and increase the service life of the fuel cell, it is necessary to uniformly control the output power of each fuel cell, re-change the power distribution of each stack, and make the hydrogen SOC of each hydrogen storage device consistent while meeting the power consumption of the whole vehicle fuel cell system.

[0077] The purpose of obtaining the remaining hydrogen in the hydrogen storage devices corresponding to multiple fuel cells is to monitor and understand the remaining hydrogen in each fuel cell unit in the system, and provide a basis for subsequent power adjustment. The pressure, temperature and other parameters of the hydrogen storage device may be monitored in real time through sensors to calculate the SOC.

[0078] Obtain the train's total power consumption and determine the train's current total energy demand to ensure that the total output of the fuel cell system matches the demand.

[0079] The output power of the fuel cell is adjusted according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle to achieve a balanced hydrogen SOC and avoid system performance degradation or shutdown caused by too low SOC of some fuel cells. By making the fuel cell system corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with high hydrogen SOC output more, the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is high; by making the fuel cell system corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with low hydrogen SOC output less, the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is low. Finally, the hydrogen SOC of each hydrogen storage device of the whole vehicle remains consistent, and the fuel cell system output is uniform.

[0080] The control system (such as the energy management controller) sends control signals to each fuel cell to adjust its working state, ensuring that the output power of the fuel cell system accurately matches the real-time power demand of the train while maintaining a balanced SOC.

[0081] The hydrogen fuel cell control method provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: obtaining the hydrogen remaining amount of a hydrogen storage device corresponding to a plurality of fuel cells; obtaining the whole vehicle power consumption of the train; adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the hydrogen remaining amount and the whole vehicle power consumption, wherein the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with a large hydrogen remaining amount is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with a small hydrogen remaining amount; and controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power. By obtaining the hydrogen remaining amount of multiple hydrogen storage devices in real time and combining it with the power consumption of the whole vehicle, the output power of each fuel cell is adjusted. The output power corresponding to the fuel cell with a large hydrogen remaining amount is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with a small hydrogen remaining amount. That is, the fuel cell system corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with a high hydrogen SOC is made to output more, so that the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is high; the fuel cell system corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with a low hydrogen SOC is made to output less, so that the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is low, and the SOC of each hydrogen storage device tends to be consistent. By taking the consistency of the SOC of the whole vehicle hydrogen storage system as the main optimization goal, the power distribution of each stack is changed again. On the premise of meeting the power consumption of the whole vehicle fuel cell system, the hydrogen SOC of each hydrogen storage system is made consistent, so as to avoid the "barrel effect" of the hydrogen SOC of the hydrogen storage system causing the fuel cell to shut down.

[0082] According to the above embodiment, in order to ensure that the fuel cell system dynamically adjusts the output power according to the real-time hydrogen surplus and power demand to achieve efficient and balanced energy management, this embodiment provides a specific implementation scheme, which adjusts the output power of the fuel cell according to the hydrogen surplus and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, including:

[0083] The total hydrogen surplus is obtained according to each hydrogen surplus;

[0084] The output power of each fuel cell is obtained according to the first formula;

[0085] Among them, the first formula is: P fci =P load / (SOC 总 )* SOC i ;

[0086] Where P fci represents the output power of the i-th fuel cell, P load Indicates the power consumption of the vehicle, SOC 总 Indicates the total hydrogen balance, SOC i Indicates the remaining hydrogen amount in the hydrogen storage device corresponding to the i-th fuel cell.

[0087] Collect the remaining hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device corresponding to each fuel cell (SOC i ), add up the hydrogen remaining in the hydrogen storage devices corresponding to all fuel cells to get the total hydrogen remaining (SOC 总 ). Calculate the output power by the first formula: Pfci =P load / (SOC 总 )* SOC i .

[0088] The output power of the i-th fuel cell (P fci ), is to allocate the power demand of the whole vehicle according to the proportion of the remaining hydrogen in each hydrogen storage device to the total remaining hydrogen. Ensure that the hydrogen storage device with a higher remaining hydrogen also has a higher corresponding fuel cell output power, and vice versa.

[0089] Specifically, the output power of each fuel cell is:

[0090] ;

[0091] Where n represents the number of fuel cells.

[0092] By adjusting the output power according to the remaining hydrogen, it is possible to avoid the hydrogen in some hydrogen storage devices from being depleted too quickly and achieve balanced hydrogen consumption. Dynamically adjusting the output power of the fuel cell can improve the efficiency of the entire energy system and reduce energy waste. Reducing fuel cell overload or damage caused by low hydrogen remaining helps to extend the service life of the fuel cell.

[0093] Specifically, real-time calculation of P fci , to adapt to rapidly changing power demand and hydrogen surplus.

[0094] Specifically, if a fuel cell fails or requires maintenance, the output power of other fuel cells is recalculated to maintain the power demand of the entire vehicle.

[0095] According to the above embodiment, in order to further optimize the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system, ensure the balance of hydrogen consumption and improve the system efficiency, this embodiment provides a specific implementation scheme, which adjusts the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, including:

[0096] Determine an acceleration factor according to each hydrogen surplus, wherein the hydrogen surplus of each fuel cell decreases and the corresponding acceleration factor increases;

[0097] The output power of each fuel cell is obtained according to the second formula;

[0098] Among them, the second formula is: P fci =P load / (SOC1 x1 + SOC2 x2 +…SOC i xi + SOC n xn )* SOC ixi ;

[0099] Where P fci represents the output power of the i-th fuel cell, P load represents the power consumption of the whole vehicle, xi represents the acceleration factor of the i-th fuel cell, SOC i represents the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device corresponding to the i-th fuel cell, and n represents the number of fuel cells.

[0100] In this embodiment, the residual amount of hydrogen (SOC i ) determines the acceleration factor (x i ), where the remaining hydrogen in each fuel cell decreases and the corresponding acceleration factor increases. That is, the hydrogen SOC of the vehicle hydrogen storage device is sorted from large to small, and the result is: ; The corresponding acceleration factor x1 <x2<…<x i <… <x n , x1=1 and x n ≤2. The acceleration factor corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with a higher hydrogen surplus is less than the acceleration factor corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with a lower hydrogen surplus, and the difference between the maximum acceleration factor and the minimum acceleration factor is not greater than 1.

[0101] In a specific implementation scheme, a set of acceleration factor values ​​can be preset or calculated according to actual conditions.

[0102] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of power coordination control of a fuel cell provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the SOC of each fuel cell tends to be consistent by controlling the output power.

[0103] The second formula is used to calculate the output power of each fuel cell:

[0104] P fci =P load / (SOC1 x1 + SOC2 x2 +…SOC i xi + SOC n xn )* SOC i xi ;

[0105] Specifically,

[0106] ;

[0107] The acceleration factor is used to adjust the output power of each fuel cell to accelerate the consumption rate of hydrogen storage devices with lower hydrogen remaining, or slow down the consumption rate of hydrogen storage devices with higher hydrogen remaining. By setting the acceleration factor corresponding to hydrogen storage devices with higher hydrogen remaining to be smaller, the output of the fuel cells of these hydrogen storage devices can be reduced, while the output of the fuel cells of hydrogen storage devices with lower hydrogen remaining can be increased.

[0108] This embodiment takes into account the influence of the hydrogen surplus and the acceleration factor on the output power, ensures the balance of hydrogen consumption, more effectively controls the consumption rate of hydrogen, and avoids the hydrogen of some hydrogen storage devices from being exhausted too quickly.

[0109] According to the above embodiment, in order to further optimize the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system, ensure the balance of hydrogen consumption and improve the system efficiency, this embodiment provides a specific implementation scheme, and determining the acceleration factor according to each hydrogen surplus includes:

[0110] Determine the variance value according to each hydrogen surplus;

[0111] According to the variance value and the third formula, the acceleration factor corresponding to each fuel cell is obtained;

[0112] Among them, the third formula is: i+1 =x i +△x;

[0113] In the formula, x i represents the acceleration factor of the i-th fuel cell, x1=1; △x represents the product of the ratio of the total hydrogen surplus to the total hydrogen storage capacity and the variance value.

[0114] In this embodiment, the total hydrogen balance (SOC i ) to measure the difference between the remaining hydrogen. According to the variance value and the third formula, the acceleration factor (x i ). It should be noted that the SOC is not greater than 1.

[0115] The third formula is: i+1 =x i +△x; where x i represents the acceleration factor of the ith fuel cell, x1=1; △x represents the product of the ratio of the total hydrogen surplus to the total hydrogen storage and the variance value. The total hydrogen storage refers to the maximum hydrogen capacity of all hydrogen storage devices.

[0116] The variance value is used to measure the difference between hydrogen surpluses and is a key parameter for adjusting the acceleration factor. The larger the variance value, the greater the difference between hydrogen surpluses, and greater adjustment is required to achieve a balanced hydrogen surplus. In an incremental manner, the acceleration factor corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with a lower hydrogen surplus is larger, thereby accelerating its hydrogen consumption rate. That is, when the difference between the hydrogen SOC values ​​is large, the larger △x is, the faster the hydrogen SOC consistency process is accelerated; when the difference between the hydrogen SOC values ​​is small, the smaller △x is, ensuring control stability.

[0117] According to the above embodiment, when the output power of the fuel cell exceeds the limit, this embodiment provides a specific implementation scheme, which further includes:

[0118] Determine whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold;

[0119] If yes, power compensation is performed, and the step of controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power is entered until the output power of each fuel cell does not exceed the preset power threshold, and the step of adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle is returned;

[0120] If not, the step of controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power is entered.

[0121] The calculated output power of each fuel cell is checked to determine whether it exceeds the preset power threshold. If any output power exceeds the preset threshold, the compensation mechanism is executed to adjust the output power to ensure that the output of all fuel cells is within the safe range. After ensuring that the output power of all fuel cells does not exceed the preset power threshold, each fuel cell is controlled according to the adjusted output power. If power compensation is performed, return and re-perform the power adjustment step. If all output powers do not exceed the threshold, then directly enter the normal control process.

[0122] The preset power threshold refers to a maximum or minimum output power limit set for the fuel cell to ensure that the fuel cell operates within a safe and efficient operating range.

[0123] Power compensation means that when the output power of a fuel cell exceeds a threshold, compensation is performed by increasing the output power of other fuel cells that do not exceed the threshold or reducing the output power of the excess fuel cell.

[0124] If power compensation is performed, the system needs to re-evaluate and adjust the output power of all fuel cells to ensure that the new configuration meets all safety and performance requirements.

[0125] Specifically, this embodiment provides a specific implementation scheme for determining whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold, including:

[0126] Determine whether there is a fuel cell at each output power that exceeds a preset maximum output power value;

[0127] If yes, power compensation is performed, including:

[0128] using one or more fuel cells other than the fuel cell exceeding the preset maximum output power value as a compensation cell;

[0129] Allocating the excess power difference of the fuel cell that exceeds the preset maximum output power value to the output power of the compensation battery to obtain the output power of the compensation battery after compensation;

[0130] The preset maximum output power value is used as the output power of the fuel cell exceeding the preset maximum output power value.

[0131] The calculated output power of each fuel cell is checked to determine whether it exceeds the preset maximum output power. If the output power exceeds the preset maximum threshold, the following compensation steps are performed: one or more fuel cells that do not exceed the preset maximum output power are selected as compensation cells. The excess power difference of the fuel cells that exceed the preset maximum output power is calculated. The excess power difference is allocated to the output power of the compensation cell to obtain the output power of the compensated compensation cell. The preset maximum output power value is set to the output power of the fuel cell that exceeds the preset maximum output power. Each fuel cell is controlled according to the compensated output power.

[0132] The preset maximum output power value refers to a maximum output power limit set for the fuel cell to ensure that the fuel cell operates within a safe and effective operating range.

[0133] The compensation battery refers to a fuel cell selected that does not exceed the preset maximum output power, and is used to receive the excess power difference to help maintain the balance of the total output power of the system. It should be noted that the power of the compensation battery cannot exceed the preset maximum output power value after compensation.

[0134] The excess power difference refers to the difference between the actual output power of the fuel cell exceeding the preset maximum output power and the preset maximum output power.

[0135] The output power of the compensation battery after compensation refers to the new output power of the compensation battery after the receiving exceeds the power difference.

[0136] By limiting the output power to a preset maximum threshold, the fuel cell is prevented from exceeding its safe operating range, avoiding possible damage or failure. The power compensation mechanism ensures that the system can still operate stably under varying power demands.

[0137] Specifically, when the output power is lower than the minimum threshold, this embodiment provides a specific implementation scheme for determining whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold, including:

[0138] Determine whether there is a fuel cell with output power lower than a preset minimum output power value;

[0139] If yes, power compensation is performed, including:

[0140] using one or more fuel cells other than the fuel cell with an output power lower than a preset minimum value as a compensation cell;

[0141] Allocating the insufficient power difference of the fuel cell that is lower than the preset maximum output power value to the output power of the compensation battery to obtain the output power of the compensation battery after compensation;

[0142] The preset minimum output power value is used as the output power of the fuel cell lower than the preset maximum output power value.

[0143] In this embodiment, the calculated output power of each fuel cell is checked to determine whether there is a situation where the output power is lower than the preset minimum output power. If there is an output power lower than the preset minimum threshold, the following compensation steps are performed: one or more fuel cells whose output power is not lower than the preset minimum output power are selected as compensation cells. The insufficient power difference of the fuel cells that are lower than the preset minimum output power is calculated. The insufficient power difference is allocated to the output power of the compensation cell to obtain the output power of the compensation cell after compensation. The preset minimum output power value is set to the output power of the fuel cell that is lower than the preset minimum output power. Each fuel cell is controlled according to the compensated output power.

[0144] The preset minimum output power value refers to a minimum output power limit set for the fuel cell to ensure that the fuel cell operates within a safe and effective operating range.

[0145] The compensation battery refers to a fuel cell selected that has an output power not lower than a preset minimum output power and is used to receive the power difference to help maintain the balance of the total output power of the system.

[0146] The insufficient power difference refers to the difference between the expected output power and the actual output power of the fuel cell which is lower than the preset minimum output power.

[0147] The output power of the compensation battery after compensation refers to the new output power of the compensation battery after receiving the power difference.

[0148] By limiting the output power above the preset minimum threshold, the fuel cell can be prevented from not being able to work properly due to low output power. The power compensation mechanism ensures that the system can still operate stably under changing power requirements.

[0149] Through the above implementation, it is possible to ensure that the fuel cell system remains within a safe and effective operating range while meeting power requirements, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0150] Specifically, this embodiment provides a specific implementation scheme for obtaining the hydrogen remaining amount of hydrogen storage devices of multiple fuel cells, including:

[0151] Collect the high pressure and temperature of each hydrogen storage device;

[0152] The corresponding hydrogen surplus is obtained according to the high pressure and temperature.

[0153] In this embodiment, the hydrogen surplus is determined by collecting the high-pressure pressure and temperature of the hydrogen storage device, and specifically, a sensor is used to monitor the high-pressure pressure and temperature of each set of hydrogen storage device in real time.

[0154] The collected high pressure and temperature are converted into the corresponding hydrogen surplus using a physical model or empirical formula.

[0155] The high pressure in a hydrogen storage device is an important parameter to measure the amount of hydrogen in it. The higher the high pressure, the more hydrogen there is in the hydrogen storage device. Temperature has a significant effect on the pressure and density of the gas. Measuring temperature helps to calculate the remaining hydrogen more accurately. By monitoring the high pressure and temperature in real time, the status of each hydrogen storage device can be more accurately understood.

[0156] Through the above implementation scheme, it can be ensured that the status of the hydrogen storage device of the fuel cell system is accurately monitored and effectively managed, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of the entire system.

[0157] In the above embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell control method is described in detail, and the present application also provides a corresponding embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell control device. It should be noted that the present application describes the embodiments of the device part from two perspectives, one is based on the functional module perspective, and the other is based on the hardware perspective.

[0158] From the perspective of functional modules, Figure 4 A structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell control device provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 4 As shown, a hydrogen fuel cell control device comprises:

[0159] A first acquisition module 21 is used to acquire the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage devices corresponding to the plurality of fuel cells;

[0160] The second acquisition module 22 is used to acquire the whole vehicle power consumption of the train;

[0161] The adjustment module 23 is used to adjust the output power of the fuel cell according to the residual hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, wherein the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with more residual hydrogen is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with less residual hydrogen;

[0162] The control module 24 is used to control the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power.

[0163] Since the embodiments of the apparatus part correspond to the embodiments of the method part, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the method part for the embodiments of the apparatus part, which will not be repeated here.

[0164] Figure 5 A structural diagram of another hydrogen fuel cell control device provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell control device includes: a memory 30 for storing a computer program;

[0165] The processor 31 is used to implement the steps of the method for obtaining user operation habit information in the above embodiment (hydrogen fuel cell control method) when executing the computer program.

[0166] The hydrogen fuel cell control device provided in this embodiment may include but is not limited to a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer or a desktop computer.

[0167] Among them, the processor 31 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 31 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and a programmable logic array (PLA). The processor 31 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the awake state, also known as a central processing unit (CPU); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 31 may be integrated with a graphics processing unit (GPU), and the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 31 may also include an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, which is used to process computing operations related to machine learning.

[0168] The memory 30 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 30 may also include a high-speed random access memory, and a non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices, flash memory storage devices. In this embodiment, the memory 30 is at least used to store the following computer program 301, wherein, after the computer program is loaded and executed by the processor 31, it can implement the relevant steps of the hydrogen fuel cell control method disclosed in any of the aforementioned embodiments. In addition, the resources stored in the memory 30 may also include an operating system 302 and data 303, etc., and the storage method may be temporary storage or permanent storage. Among them, the operating system 302 may include Windows, Unix, Linux, etc. Data 303 may include but is not limited to data involved in implementing the hydrogen fuel cell control method, etc.

[0169] In some embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell control device may further include a display screen 32 , an input / output interface 33 , a communication interface 34 , a power source 35 , and a communication bus 36 .

[0170] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the hydrogen fuel cell control device, and may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure.

[0171] The hydrogen fuel cell control device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a memory and a processor. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it can implement the following method: hydrogen fuel cell control method.

[0172] Finally, the present application also provides an embodiment corresponding to a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps described in the above hydrogen fuel cell control method embodiment are implemented.

[0173] It is understandable that if the method in the above embodiment is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code.

[0174] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this embodiment stores a computer program, and when a processor executes the program, the following method can be implemented: a hydrogen fuel cell control method.

[0175] Finally, the present application provides a train, including the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell control device. By obtaining the hydrogen remaining amount of multiple hydrogen storage devices in real time, combined with the power consumption of the whole vehicle, the output power of each fuel cell is adjusted, and the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with more hydrogen remaining amount is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with less hydrogen remaining amount, that is, the fuel cell system corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with high hydrogen SOC is made to output more, so that the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is high; the fuel cell system corresponding to the hydrogen storage device with low hydrogen SOC is made to output less, so that the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage device is low, and the SOC of each hydrogen storage device tends to be consistent. By taking the consistency of the SOC of the whole vehicle hydrogen storage system as the main optimization goal, the power distribution of each stack is changed again, and the hydrogen SOC of each hydrogen storage system is made consistent on the premise of meeting the power consumption of the whole vehicle fuel cell system, so as to avoid the shutdown of the fuel cell due to the "barrel effect" of the hydrogen SOC of the hydrogen storage system.

[0176] The above is a detailed introduction to the hydrogen fuel cell control method, device, medium and train provided by the present application. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the embodiments can refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can refer to the method part description. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

[0177] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell control method, characterized in that: Applied to multi-stack fuel cell systems, including: Obtaining the remaining amount of hydrogen in hydrogen storage devices corresponding to the plurality of fuel cells; Obtain the whole vehicle power consumption of the train; Adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, wherein the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with more remaining hydrogen is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with less remaining hydrogen; The power output of each fuel cell is controlled according to the adjusted output power.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining amount of hydrogen and the power consumption of the entire vehicle includes: Obtaining a total hydrogen surplus according to each of the hydrogen surpluses; Obtaining the output power of each of the fuel cells according to the first formula; Among them, the first formula is: fci =P load / (SOC 总 )* SOC i ; Where P fci represents the output power of the i-th fuel cell, P load Indicates the power consumption of the vehicle, SOC 总 Indicates the total hydrogen balance, SOC i Indicates the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device corresponding to the i-th fuel cell.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining amount of hydrogen and the power consumption of the entire vehicle includes: Determining an acceleration factor according to each of the hydrogen surpluses, wherein the hydrogen surplus of each fuel cell decreases and the corresponding acceleration factor increases; Obtaining the output power of each of the fuel cells according to a second formula; Wherein, the second formula is: fci =P load / (SOC1 x1 + SOC2 x2 +…SOC i xi + SOC n xn )* SOC i xi ; Where P fci represents the output power of the i-th fuel cell, P load represents the power consumption of the whole vehicle, xi represents the acceleration factor of the i-th fuel cell, SOC i represents the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device corresponding to the i-th fuel cell, and n represents the number of the fuel cells.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the acceleration factor according to each of the hydrogen surpluses comprises: Determining a variance value according to each of the hydrogen surpluses; Obtaining the acceleration factor corresponding to each of the fuel cells according to the variance value and the third formula; Wherein, the third formula is: i+1 =x i +△x; In the formula, x i represents the acceleration factor of the ith fuel cell, x1=1; △x represents the product of the ratio of the total hydrogen surplus to the total hydrogen storage and the variance value.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the entire vehicle, the following further comprises: Determining whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold; If yes, power compensation is performed, and the step of controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power is entered, until the output power of each fuel cell does not exceed the preset power threshold, and the step of adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the remaining hydrogen and the power consumption of the whole vehicle is returned; If not, enter the step of controlling the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The determining whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold comprises: Determine whether there is a fuel cell among the output powers that exceeds a preset maximum output power value; If yes, then the performing of power compensation includes: using one or more fuel cells other than the fuel cell exceeding the preset maximum output power value as a compensation cell; Allocating the excess power difference of the fuel cell that exceeds the preset maximum output power value to the output power of the compensation battery to obtain the output power of the compensation battery after compensation; The preset maximum output power value is used as the output power of the fuel cell exceeding the preset maximum output power value.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The determining whether there is a fuel cell whose output power exceeds a preset power threshold comprises: Determine whether there is a fuel cell whose output power is lower than a preset minimum output power value; If yes, then the performing of power compensation includes: using one or more fuel cells other than the fuel cell with an output power lower than a preset minimum value as a compensation cell; Allocating the insufficient power difference of the fuel cell that is lower than the preset maximum output power value to the output power of the compensation battery to obtain the output power of the compensation battery after compensation; The preset minimum output power value is used as the output power of the fuel cell lower than the preset maximum output power value.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage devices of the plurality of fuel cells comprises: Collect the high pressure and temperature of each hydrogen storage device; The corresponding hydrogen surplus is obtained according to the high pressure and the temperature.

9. A hydrogen fuel cell control device, characterized in that: include: A first acquisition module is used to acquire the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage devices corresponding to the plurality of fuel cells; The second acquisition module is used to acquire the whole vehicle power consumption of the train; An adjustment module, used for adjusting the output power of the fuel cell according to the residual hydrogen amount and the power consumption of the whole vehicle, wherein the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with more residual hydrogen is greater than the output power corresponding to the fuel cell with less residual hydrogen; A control module is used to control the power output of each fuel cell according to the adjusted output power.

10. A hydrogen fuel cell control device, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the steps of the hydrogen fuel cell control method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the hydrogen fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

12. A train, characterized in that: Includes the hydrogen fuel cell control device as described in claim 10.

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