Very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconstruction frequency band and directional diagram

Abstract

The invention discloses a very-low-frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with a non-volatile reconstruction frequency band and a directional diagram. A first multiferroic antenna is composed of a plurality of soft magnetic ribbon layers / piezoelectric layers with high quality factors / soft magnetic ribbon layer heterojunctions and a substrate, and multiferroic heterojunctions and planar inductors are integrated; on one hand, the non-volatile electric control inductor can maintain the adjustment of the resonant frequency of the antenna after power failure; and on the other hand, different electric fields are applied to the antenna array, so that the intensity and directional diagram of the emitted magnetic field are regulated and controlled. The second multiferroic mechanical antenna is composed of a high-quality-factor piezoelectric layer / a soft magnetic ribbon layer / a strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer / a soft magnetic ribbon layer / a high-quality-factor piezoelectric layer, on one hand, the magnetization intensity easy axis direction of the soft magnetic ribbon layer is regulated and controlled by utilizing non-volatile stress generated by exciting the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer through electric field pulses; therefore, the direction of the emitted magnetic field is regulated and controlled after power failure; and on the other hand, the high-hysteresis piezoelectric layer and the high-quality-factor piezoelectric layer are connected in series, and the non-volatile dielectric constant of the high-hysteresis piezoelectric layer and the high-quality-factor piezoelectric layer is utilized to realize non-volatile regulation

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a very low frequency antenna required for wireless communication in a high loss medium (such as special environments such as underground or underwater), and in particular to a very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern. Background Art

[0002] Radio frequency communication technologies such as Bluetooth and 5G are widely used in daily life, but radio frequency communication suffers from severe path attenuation in high conductivity media such as underground and underwater due to the strong skin effect, so it is not suitable for underground and underwater communication. At present, countries around the world mainly build large-scale ultra-long wave transmission stations to achieve wireless communication in land-based, underwater and underground environments, but at this time, the antenna is still an electrically small antenna compared to the very low frequency / ultra-low frequency wavelength, and the radiation efficiency is extremely low. Unlike traditional electrically small antennas, mechanical antennas do not rely on electromagnetic oscillation currents to generate electromagnetic radiation, but use mechanical energy to drive the movement of charges and magnetic dipoles, thus breaking the correlation between the traditional antenna size and the electromagnetic wavelength. Multiferroic mechanical antennas based on piezoelectric materials directly use AC voltages near the electromechanical resonance frequency to excite the piezoelectric layer. Since the device is driven by acoustic waves with shorter wavelengths, it can reduce the size by 5 orders of magnitude compared to traditional low-frequency electrical antennas, which is conducive to the miniaturization of low-frequency antennas. In addition, since piezoelectric materials have good insulation properties and no external motor is required to rotate the antenna, the antenna power consumption is further reduced. However, after the device structure and installation orientation of the current multiferroic mechanical antenna are determined, it is difficult to adaptively adjust the working frequency band and the direction of the transmitted magnetic field. Different lossy media and communication scenarios often require adaptive adjustment of the working frequency band and the direction of the magnetic field emission without changing the antenna structure, thereby improving the communication performance in different environments. However, there is currently no relevant research and reports in the field of mechanical antennas, which seriously restricts the level of antenna intelligence.

[0003] Since the working principle of magnetoelectric antenna is mainly based on magnetoelectric effect, and since reconfigurable antenna involves the adjustability of magnetoelectric effect, the current status of related research is briefly introduced here. At present, the research on the adjustability of magnetoelectric effect mainly focuses on adjusting the magnetomechanical resonant frequency and ferromagnetic resonance frequency. J. Zha of Virginia Tech University in the United States regulated Terfenol-D / Pb(Zr) by changing the DC magnetic field (0 to 5000Oe). x Ti 1-x)O3 laminates, thereby achieving the adjustment of the resonant frequency in the range of 40kHz-55kHz. C. Park of the United States and M. Bichurin of the Institute of Electronic Information Systems of Russia studied piezoelectric / piezomagnetic laminates with gradient shape changes. The multimodal vibration characteristics of the special-shaped laminates were used to provide a magnetoelectric coefficient of 3000mV / cm·Oe in a bias magnetic field of 52Oe-242Oe and broaden the operating frequency band. J. Gao of the United States added mass blocks of different weights at both ends of the Metglas / Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 laminate to change the bending resonant frequency, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency from 70Hz to 220Hz. L. Niu of the Institute of Engineering Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences adjusted the direction of the bias magnetic field to make the piezomagnetic / piezoelectric laminates produce a double-peak effect. However, the current method of applying a bias magnetic field to adjust the resonant frequency of magneto-electric laminates significantly increases the power consumption of the device, while the frequency shift range of methods such as adjusting prestress, adding mechanical loads, and special-shaped designs is small, and it is difficult to achieve continuous frequency shift adjustment of the antenna array without changing the antenna structure. In addition, no researchers have reported on the adaptive control of the direction of the transmitting magnetic field without changing the structure and orientation of the magneto-electric mechanical antenna, which seriously limits the adaptability of the magneto-electric antenna to various environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the problems in the background technology, the present invention proposes a very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern, which can achieve arbitrary regulation of the antenna operating frequency band and magnetic field emission direction without changing the antenna structure, and the regulation effect can still be maintained after power failure.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna (structure 1) with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern, which is characterized in that it includes a substrate, a plurality of multiferroic heterojunctions arranged on the substrate, and a planar inductor;

[0006] The multiferroic heterojunction comprises a piezoelectric layer, an upper soft magnetic thin strip layer and a lower soft magnetic thin strip layer respectively fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric layer;

[0007] The planar inductor comprises, from top to bottom, an upper strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer, a first soft magnetic thin strip layer, a planar coil, a second soft magnetic thin strip layer and a lower strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer;

[0008] The piezoelectric layer is connected to the planar coil, the upper strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer and the lower strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer are externally connected to a pulse power supply, and the piezoelectric layer is externally connected to an AC high voltage power supply.

[0009] Furthermore, the piezoelectric layer has a high quality factor, which can reach 800-2000.

[0010] Furthermore, when the operating frequency band of the multiferroic antenna is non-volatilely regulated, a pulse power supply is used to excite the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer of the planar inductor, and the non-volatile stress generated thereby is used to achieve regulation of the inductance. Then, an AC high-voltage power supply is used to excite the piezoelectric layer in the multiferroic heterojunction to generate AC stress, causing the magnetic moment oscillation and magnetic field emission of the soft magnetic thin strip layer, thereby changing the operating frequency band. When the directional pattern of the antenna transmitting magnetic field is regulated, electric fields of different magnitudes and phases are applied to multiple multiferroic heterojunctions in the antenna array, and the magnetic moment inclination direction of the soft magnetic thin strip layer is jointly regulated by acoustic waves and magnetic fields of different directions and intensities in a two-dimensional plane, thereby achieving regulation of the transmitting magnetic field directional pattern through the superposition of magnetic field beam vectors of multiple multiferroic heterojunctions.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna (structure 1) with a non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern, which is characterized in that it includes a substrate and a multiferroic heterojunction; the multiferroic heterojunction includes, from top to bottom, a first high-quality piezoelectric layer, an upper high-permeability soft magnetic thin strip layer, a strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer, a lower high-permeability soft magnetic thin strip layer and a second high-quality piezoelectric layer; the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer is externally connected to a pulse power supply, and the first high-quality piezoelectric layer is externally connected to an alternating high voltage.

[0012] Furthermore, when the operating frequency band of the multi-iron antenna is non-volatilely regulated, the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer and the high-quality factor piezoelectric layer are first connected, and a pulse power supply is used to excite the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer to cause non-volatile changes in the dielectric constant and the equivalent capacitance; then, when transmitting information, an AC high-voltage source is used to excite the circuit composed of the high-quality factor piezoelectric layer and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer, and the non-volatile change of the equivalent impedance of the circuit is used to achieve regulation of the magnetomechanical resonance frequency and the antenna operating frequency band; when the direction of the multi-iron antenna transmitting magnetic field is non-volatilely regulated, the connection between the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer and the high-quality factor piezoelectric layer is disconnected, and the non-volatile stress generated by the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer is first used to excite the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer using a pulse power supply to regulate the easy axis direction of the magnetic moment of the soft magnetic strip, and then, when transmitting information, an AC high-voltage source is used to excite the high-quality factor piezoelectric layer to generate AC stress, which is transmitted to the soft magnetic strip and causes the magnetic moment to oscillate near the equilibrium position, thereby causing the antenna to emit a magnetic field along the easy axis direction of the magnetic moment.

[0013] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0014] (1) The optimal frequencies for wireless communication in different high-loss communication scenarios (underground and underwater) are different. The present invention does not need to change the mechanical antenna structure. Structure 1 and Structure 2 respectively use non-volatile planar inductance and non-volatile capacitance of the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer to achieve arbitrary regulation of the antenna magnetomechanical resonant frequency and the operating frequency band, thereby enhancing the antenna's adaptability to different communication scenarios. At the same time, the non-volatile regulation function of the multi-iron antenna in the present invention enables the regulation capability of the operating frequency band to be maintained after power failure, significantly reducing the power consumption of the operating frequency band regulation compared to existing regulation technologies such as varactor diodes.

[0015] (2) The present invention does not need to change the mechanical antenna structure. Structure 1 and Structure 2 respectively utilize the magnetic field beam shaping capability of the multiferroic antenna array and the ability of the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer to regulate the easy axis of the magnetic moment of the soft magnetic strip to achieve arbitrary regulation of the transmitting magnetic field pattern, thereby achieving an adaptive regulation function when the relative position of the receiver changes, significantly improving the intelligence level of the magnetoelectric antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of Example 1 of a very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is an equivalent circuit schematic diagram of Example 1 of the very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of Example 2 of a very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is an equivalent circuit schematic diagram of Example 2 of the very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1-1—upper soft magnetic ribbon layer; 2—upper high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 1-2—lower soft magnetic ribbon layer; 3—substrate; 4-1—upper strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer; 5-1—first soft magnetic ribbon layer; 6—planar coil; 4-2—lower strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer; 5-2—second soft magnetic ribbon layer; 7—pulse power supply; 8—AC high voltage source; 9-1—switch; 9-2—switch; 10—electrode resistance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 11—dynamic resistance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 12—dynamic capacitance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 13—dynamic inductance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 14—dielectric loss resistance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 15—static capacitance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 16—equivalent inductance of planar coil;

[0021] 17-1—first high-quality piezoelectric layer; 18-1—upper high-permeability soft magnetic ribbon layer; 19—strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer; 18-2—lower high-permeability soft magnetic ribbon layer; 17-2—second high-quality piezoelectric layer; 20—pulse power supply; 21—AC high voltage source; 22-1—switch; 22-1—switch; 22-3—switch; 22-4—switch; 23-1—electrode resistance of strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer; 24-1—dynamic resistance of strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer; 25-1—dynamic resistance of strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer Capacitance; 26-1—dynamic inductance of strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer; 27-1—dielectric loss resistance of strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer; 28-1—static capacitance of strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer; 22-2—electrode resistance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 24-2—dynamic resistance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 25-2—dynamic capacitance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 26-2—dynamic inductance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 27-2—dielectric loss resistance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer; 28-2—static capacitance of high quality factor piezoelectric layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementations and drawings, but this should not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present invention is a very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna (structure 1) with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern, comprising a multiferroic antenna array and a planar inductor, wherein the multiferroic antenna array comprises soft magnetic thin strip layers 1-1 and 1-2; a piezoelectric layer 2 with a high quality factor; and a substrate 3. The upper and lower electrodes of the piezoelectric layer 2 with a high quality factor in the multiferroic antenna are connected to the two ends of an AC high voltage source 8 through a switch 9-2, and the AC high voltage source 8 is used to realize magnetic field emission and control of the emission magnetic field directional pattern. The planar inductor comprises soft magnetic thin strip layers 5-1 and 5-2; a planar coil 6; and strong hysteresis piezoelectric layers 4-1 and 4-2. The planar coil 6 is connected in series with the high quality factor piezoelectric layer 2 of the multiferroic antenna through a wire. The upper and lower electrodes of the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layers 4-1 and 4-2 in the planar inductor are connected to the two ends of a pulse power supply 7 through a switch 9-1, and the pulse power supply 7 is used to realize non-volatile control of the planar inductor.

[0024] The equivalent circuit diagram of the VLF multiferroic mechanical antenna (structure 1) can be found at Figure 2 The non-volatile control operation process of the multi-iron mechanical antenna (structure 1) is as follows: Figure 1 First, the pulse power supply 7 is used to excite the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layers 4-1 and 4-2 of the planar inductor through the switch 9-1, and the non-volatile stress generated by the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layers 4-1 and 4-2 is used to control the planar inductor. Figure 2The equivalent inductance 16 of the plane coil in the middle; then the AC high voltage power supply 8 is used to excite the high quality factor piezoelectric layer 2 in the multiferroic heterojunction to generate AC stress, causing the magnetic moment oscillation of the soft magnetic thin strip layers 1-1 and 1-2 to achieve magnetic field emission; here, the planar coil 6 in the planar inductor is connected in series with the high quality factor piezoelectric layer 2 of the multiferroic antenna through a wire, and the planar inductor is regulated by a pulse power supply 7 to achieve the change of the resonant frequency and the working frequency band of the multiferroic mechanical antenna (structure 1). The regulation process of the emission magnetic field pattern of the multiferroic mechanical antenna (structure 1) is as follows: the AC high voltage power supply 8 generates electric fields with different amplitudes and phases to excite multiple high quality factor piezoelectric layers 2 in the antenna array, and the sound waves and magnetic fields of different directions and intensities in the two-dimensional plane are used to jointly regulate the magnetic moment deflection direction of the soft magnetic thin strip layers 1-1 and 1-2, so as to achieve the regulation of the emission magnetic field pattern through the superposition of magnetic field beam vectors of multiple multiferroic heterojunctions.

[0025] Structure 1 is a mechanical antenna array composed of multiple multiferroic heterojunction antennas, a substrate and a planar inductor, wherein the multiferroic heterojunction is composed of multiple soft magnetic ribbon layers / high-quality piezoelectric layers / soft magnetic ribbon layers, and the planar inductor is composed of strong hysteresis piezoelectric layers / soft magnetic ribbon layers / planar coils / soft magnetic ribbon layers / strong hysteresis piezoelectric layers. Here, the piezoelectric layer of the multiferroic heterojunction is connected to the planar coil of the planar inductor. Structure 2 is composed of high-quality piezoelectric layers / soft magnetic ribbon layers / strong hysteresis piezoelectric layers / soft magnetic ribbon layers / high-quality piezoelectric layers. When adjusting the working frequency band and the magnetic field emission direction, the high-quality piezoelectric layer and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer are connected and disconnected respectively.

[0026] For structure 1, when the working frequency band of the antenna is non-volatilely regulated: on the one hand, since the equivalent capacitance of the multiferroic antenna presents non-monotonic characteristics near the resonant frequency, the multiferroic antenna and the planar inductor can generate multiple LC resonance peaks after cascading, thereby increasing the bandwidth; on the other hand, the piezoelectric layer in a specific tangential direction in the planar inductor is excited by an electric field pulse, and the non-volatile strain (stress) generated by the rotation of the non-180° ferroelectric domain during the depolarization process is transferred to the adjacent soft magnetic thin strip, thereby realizing the non-volatile regulation of the magnetic permeability and inductance of the soft magnetic thin strip, and then maintaining the regulation of the magnetomechanical resonance frequency and the antenna working frequency band after power failure. When regulating the direction of magnetic field emission, the magnetomechanical equivalent circuit and Maxwell theory are used to study the relationship between the magnetic field intensity and direction generated by the transmitting antenna array composed of two-dimensional multiferroic units and the electric field amplitude and phase applied to each multiferroic unit, and the optimization algorithm is used to invert the electric field excitation required to achieve a specific magnetic field emission direction. Specifically, corresponding electric field excitation is applied to the multiferroic units distributed in different directions in the array, and the elastic energy and magnetic field energy of different directions and intensities in the two-dimensional plane are used to jointly regulate the deflection direction of the magnetic moment of the piezomagnetic unit, thereby ultimately achieving the regulation of the emission magnetic field intensity and direction through the superposition of magnetic field beam vectors of multiple multiferroic units.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 The present invention is a very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna (structure 2) with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern, comprising high quality factor piezoelectric layers 17-1 and 17-2, high magnetic permeability soft magnetic thin strip layers 18-1 and 18-2, and a strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19. The upper and lower electrodes of the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19 are connected to a pulse power supply 20 through a switch 22-2, and the pulse power supply 20 excites the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19 to cause non-volatile changes in dielectric constant and equivalent capacitance. The upper and lower electrodes of the high quality factor piezoelectric layers 17-1 and 17-2 of the multiferroic mechanical antenna are connected to an AC high voltage source 21 through a switch 22-1, and the AC high voltage source 21 is used to realize magnetic field emission. The high quality factor piezoelectric layers 17-1 and 17-2 and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19 are connected in series through switches 22-3 and 22-4.

[0028] The equivalent circuit diagram of the VLF multiferroic mechanical antenna (Structure 2) with nonvolatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern can be found at Figure 3 The non-volatile re-banding process of the VLF multi-iron mechanical antenna (Structure 2) is as follows: Figure 3 The pulse power supply 20 excites the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19, causing the non-volatile change of the dielectric constant and equivalent capacitance of the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19, and then disconnects the switch 22-2. Figure 4 The static capacitor 28-1 of the medium-strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer, and then the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19 and the high-quality factor piezoelectric layers 17-1 and 17-2 are connected in series through switches 22-3 and 22-4; then the AC high-voltage source 21 is connected to the high-quality factor piezoelectric layers 17-1 and 17-2 and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19 through the switch 22-1, and the non-volatile change of the equivalent impedance of the high-quality factor piezoelectric layers 17-1 and 17-2 and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19 is utilized to realize the non-volatile control of the magnetic machine resonance frequency and the antenna working frequency band. The process of non-volatile reconstruction of the direction of the transmitted magnetic field of the very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna (structure 2) is as follows: the pulse power supply 20 excites the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer 19, causing the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer to generate non-volatile stress to regulate the easy axis direction of the magnetic moment of the high permeability soft magnetic strips 18-1 and 18-2; the AC high voltage source 21 is connected to the high quality factor piezoelectric layers 17-1 and 17-2 through the switch 22-1, and the AC stress generated by the high quality factor piezoelectric layers 17-1 and 17-2 is transmitted to the high permeability soft magnetic strips 18-1 and 18-2, causing the magnetic moment to oscillate near the easy axis position, so that the antenna emits a magnetic field along the easy axis direction.

[0029] For structure 2, the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer mainly realizes the non-volatile control function, while the high quality factor piezoelectric layer mainly realizes the AC driving function. When the working frequency band of the non-volatile control antenna is used: the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer and the high quality factor piezoelectric layer are connected in series, and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer is stimulated by a pulse electric field to produce a non-180° ferroelectric domain rotation, so that the dielectric constant and equivalent capacitance produce non-volatile changes after power failure. Since the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer and the high quality factor piezoelectric layer are connected in series, this causes the equivalent capacitance and magnetomechanical resonance frequency of the entire drive circuit to change. When transmitting information, an AC high-voltage source is used to excite the series circuit, so that the non-volatile change of the circuit equivalent impedance is used to realize the regulation of the magnetomechanical resonance frequency and the antenna working frequency band; when adjusting the transmission magnetic field direction of the multi-iron antenna, the connection between the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer and the high-quality piezoelectric layer is disconnected, and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer is excited by a pulse power supply to generate non-volatile stress, and the magnetoelastic property is used to cause the magnetic domain rotation and the easy axis change of the magnetic moment of the soft magnetic ribbon, and then the AC high-voltage source is used to excite the high-quality factor piezoelectric layer to generate AC strain, causing the magnetic moment of the soft magnetic ribbon to oscillate at the equilibrium position, thereby generating an emission magnetic field along the easy axis direction, and realizing non-volatile regulation of the magnetic field emission direction diagram.

Claims

1. A very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern, characterized in that: It includes a substrate, a plurality of multiferroic heterojunctions arranged on the substrate, and a planar inductor; The multiferroic heterojunction comprises a piezoelectric layer (2), an upper soft magnetic thin strip layer (1-1) and a lower soft magnetic thin strip layer (1-2) respectively fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric layer (2); The planar inductor comprises, from top to bottom, an upper strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (4-1), a first soft magnetic thin strip layer (5-1), a planar coil (6), a second soft magnetic thin strip layer (5-2) and a lower strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (4-2); The piezoelectric layer (2) is connected to a planar coil (6), the upper strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (4-1) and the lower strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (4-2) are externally connected to a pulse power supply (7), and the piezoelectric layer (2) is externally connected to an AC high voltage power supply (8).

2. The very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric layer (2) has a high quality factor, which can reach 800 to 2000.

3. The very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When the operating frequency band of the multiferroic antenna is non-volatilely regulated, a pulse power supply (7) is used to excite the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (4-1 and 4-2) of the planar inductor, and the non-volatile stress generated is used to achieve regulation of the inductance. Then, an AC high-voltage power supply (8) is used to excite the piezoelectric layer (2) in the multiferroic heterojunction to generate AC stress, causing the magnetic moment oscillation and magnetic field emission of the soft magnetic thin strip layer, so that the operating frequency band changes. When the antenna transmits a magnetic field pattern, electric fields of different magnitudes and phases are applied to multiple multiferroic heterojunctions in the antenna array, and the magnetic moment tilt direction of the soft magnetic thin strip layer is jointly regulated by using acoustic waves and magnetic fields of different directions and intensities in a two-dimensional plane, so that the emission magnetic field pattern is regulated by superposition of magnetic field beam vectors of multiple multiferroic heterojunctions.

4. A very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern, characterized in that: The invention comprises a substrate and a multiferroic heterojunction; the multiferroic heterojunction comprises, from top to bottom, a first high-quality piezoelectric layer (17-1), an upper high-permeability soft magnetic thin strip layer (18-1), a strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (19), a lower high-permeability soft magnetic thin strip layer (18-2) and a second high-quality piezoelectric layer (17-2); the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (19) is externally connected to a pulse power supply (20), and the first high-quality piezoelectric layer (17-1) is externally connected to an alternating high-voltage power supply (20).

5. The very low frequency multiferroic mechanical antenna with non-volatile reconfigurable frequency band and directional pattern according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the operating frequency band of the multi-iron antenna is non-volatilely regulated, the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (19) and the high quality factor piezoelectric layer (17-1 and 17-2) are first connected, and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (19) is excited by a pulse power supply (20) to cause non-volatile changes in the dielectric constant and equivalent capacitance; then, when transmitting information, an AC high voltage source (21) is used to excite the loop formed by the high quality factor piezoelectric layer (17-1 and 17-2) and the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (19), and the non-volatile change of the equivalent impedance of the loop is used to achieve the regulation of the magnetic machine resonance frequency and the antenna operating frequency band; when the direction of the multi-iron antenna transmitting magnetic field is regulated, the magnetic field is regulated. When performing non-volatile control, the connection between the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (19) and the high quality factor piezoelectric layer (17-1 and 17-2) is disconnected, and the non-volatile stress generated by the strong hysteresis piezoelectric layer (19) is first stimulated by a pulse power supply (20) to regulate the easy axis direction of the magnetic moment of the soft magnetic strips (18-1 and 18-2). Then, when transmitting information, an AC high voltage source (21) is used to stimulate the high quality factor piezoelectric layer (17-1 and 17-2) to generate AC stress, which is transmitted to the soft magnetic strips (18-1 and 18-2) and causes the magnetic moment to oscillate near the equilibrium position, thereby causing the antenna to emit a magnetic field along the easy axis direction of the magnetic moment.

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