Artificial feed for feeding cutworms as well as preparation method and application of artificial feed

Abstract

The present invention discloses an artificial feed for feeding cutworms and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of cutworm feeding, the artificial feed comprises 80-120 g of wheat germs, 80-120 g of soybean meal, 25-35 g of agar, 20-30 g of soybean protein powder, 10-20 g of casein, 5-10 g of mixed vitamins, 2-3 g of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 1-2 g of sorbic acid, and 1 L of water. The artificial feed is low in manufacturing cost, simple to operate and high in practicability; when the feed and the feeding method are used for feeding cutworm larvae, the survival rate of the larvae is high, the workload is small, manpower and material resources are greatly saved, and compared with existing patents, the problems that solid components are few, and solidification is not prone to occurring do not exist.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of raising cutworms, and more particularly to an artificial feed for raising cutworms and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cutworms belong to the family Noctuidae of the order Lepidoptera. They are also known as earthworms, earthworms, black earthworms, black earthworms, ground shears, and root cutters. They have a varied diet and a wide range of hosts. Their larvae harm a variety of vegetables, flowers, field crops, tobacco, fruit trees, forest seedlings, and weeds. Young larvae harm the heart leaves or tender leaves of crops, causing holes or notches. After the third instar, they cut off the tender stems of crop seedlings near the ground, causing missing seedlings and broken ridges. In severe cases, they destroy the seeds and re-sow them. They are the most serious underground pests. There are 170 species of cutworms recorded in agricultural areas in my country, and there are about 10 species of cutworms that commonly harm crops. Among them, small cutworms and yellow cutworms are the most widely distributed and the most harmful. White-edged cutworms, large cutworms, warning-marked cutworms, and eight-character cutworms often cause harm in local areas. At present, my country mainly adopts chemical control to control cutworms. In view of the fact that the long-term large-scale use of chemical pesticides will bring about "3R" and other problems, it is urgent to establish a green control technology system for cutworms with biological control as the main method. Indoor bioassay is an important means to screen and clarify the effects of different biological control agents.

[0003] In recent years, the research on biology, ecology, medicaments and biological control of cutworms has been continuously deepened, and the development of pest control technology requires the supply of tens of thousands of insects with the same physiology. Therefore, it is necessary to realize large-scale breeding of insects indoors, which requires a suitable growth environment and suitable artificial feed to replace the external environment and natural feed that restrict the growth of insects. Raising insects with artificial feed is one of the basic techniques for studying entomology. This method is not restricted by seasons, is convenient for breeding and management, and is easy to obtain a large number of test insects with the same physiological indicators to directly carry out research on insect biology, genetics, resistance determination, etc. However, the formula of cutworm larvae feed still refers to the patent of ten years ago, and the versatility of feeding cutworm pests is not strong. There are many places that can be referenced and improved. The existing artificial feed also has certain shortcomings in the survival rate of larvae and the antiseptic effect of feed, such as less solid content, the finished product is too soft, and it will cause excessive humidity during the breeding and experimental process, causing the feed to mold and seriously affect the normal survival of cutworms. In actual application, the larval survival rate is only more than 85%, which greatly interferes with the indoor bioassay results.

[0004] Therefore, providing a feed that can significantly improve the survival rate of cutworm larvae is a technical problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an artificial feed for raising cutworms, and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an artificial feed for raising cutworms, comprising 80-120 g of wheat germ, 80-120 g of soybean powder, 25-35 g of agar, 20-30 g of soybean protein powder, 10-20 g of casein, 5-10 g of mixed vitamins, 2-3 g of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 1-2 g of sorbic acid, and 1 L of water.

[0008] Preferably, the artificial feed comprises 100 g wheat germ, 100 g soybean meal, 30 g agar, 25 g soybean protein powder, 15 g casein, 6 g mixed vitamins, 2.5 g methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 1.5 g sorbic acid, and 1 L of water.

[0009] Preferably, the mixed vitamins include the following components: niacinamide 0.8-1.2 g / L, calcium pantothenate 0.8-1.4 g / L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.2-0.3 g / L, riboflavin 0.3-0.8 g / L, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.2-0.3 g / L, mannitol 1-3 g / L, vitamin B 1 38-45g / L, inositol 18-22g / L, folic acid 0.2-0.3g / L, biotin 0.01-0.03g / L, choline chloride 40-60g / L, tocopherol 7-8g / L, ascorbic acid 260-270g / L, water 1L.

[0010] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an artificial feed, the process comprising:

[0011] 1) Mix the pre-weighed wheat germ, soybean powder, soybean protein powder and casein, stir and sterilize to obtain a mixed powder for later use;

[0012] 2) After the agar is melted, add the prepared mixed powder, mix well, cool to 60-65°C, add mixed vitamins, methyl paraben, and sorbic acid, stir well, cool and store in a refrigerator.

[0013] A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides use of the prepared feed in feeding cutworm larvae.

[0014] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an artificial feed suitable for feeding cutworms, a method for preparing artificial feed and its application. The artificial feed of the present invention has low production cost, simple operation and strong practicality; the use of the feed and the feeding method to feed young lepidoptera larvae has a high larval survival rate and a small workload, which greatly saves manpower and material resources, and compared with the existing patents, there are problems such as less solid components and difficulty in solidification, and the material ratio is adjusted. The materials are simple and easy to obtain, the finished product is easier to form, the cost is reduced, and the production steps are simplified. At the same time, the sources and contents of nutrients such as amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and inorganic salts required for insect growth and development are combined and optimized, so that its nutrition is more comprehensive, such as adding soybean powder and soybean protein can provide amino acids and fatty acids necessary for insects that other ingredients cannot provide, which helps to maintain the amino acid balance of insects. In addition, the solid content is increased, and the side effects of preservatives on insects are reduced, so that indicators such as the survival rate of cutworm larvae are more excellent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example 1

[0017] An artificial feed for raising cutworms comprises 80g of wheat germ, 120g of soybean powder, 35g of agar, 30g of soybean protein powder, 10g of casein, 5g of mixed vitamins, 2g of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 1g of sorbic acid and 1L of water.

[0018] The mixed vitamins include the following components: niacinamide 0.8g / L, calcium pantothenate 1.4g / L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.3g / L, riboflavin 0.8g / L, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.2g / L, mannitol 1g / L, vitamin B 1 38g / L, inositol 22g / L, folic acid 0.2g / L, biotin 0.03g / L, choline chloride 40g / L, tocopherol 8g / L, ascorbic acid 260g / L, water 1L.

[0019] Example 2

[0020] An artificial feed for raising cutworms comprises 100 g of wheat germ, 100 g of soybean powder, 30 g of agar, 25 g of soybean protein powder, 15 g of casein, 6 g of mixed vitamins, 2.5 g of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 1.5 g of sorbic acid and 1 L of water.

[0021] The mixed vitamins include the following components: niacinamide 1g / L, calcium pantothenate 1.2g / L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25g / L, riboflavin 0.5g / L, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.25g / L, mannitol 2g / L, vitamin B 1 41g / L, inositol 20g / L, folic acid 0.25g / L, biotin 0.02g / L, choline chloride 50g / L, tocopherol 7.5g / L, ascorbic acid 264g / L, water 1L.

[0022] Example 3

[0023] An artificial feed for raising cutworms comprises 120g of wheat germ, 80g of soybean powder, 25g of agar, 35g of soybean protein powder, 20g of casein, 10g of mixed vitamins, 3g of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 2g of sorbic acid and 1L of water.

[0024] The mixed vitamins include the following components: niacinamide 1.2g / L, calcium pantothenate 0.8g / L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.2g / L, riboflavin 0.3g / L, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.3g / L, mannitol 3g / L, vitamin B 1 45g / L, inositol 18g / L, folic acid 0.3g / L, biotin 0.01g / L, choline chloride 60g / L, tocopherol 7g / L, ascorbic acid 270g / L, water 1L.

[0025] Example 4

[0026] An artificial feed for raising cutworms comprises 100 g of wheat germ, 100 g of corn flour, 30 g of agar, 25 g of soybean protein powder, 15 g of casein, 6 g of mixed vitamins, 2.5 g of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 1.5 g of sorbic acid and 1 L of water.

[0027] The mixed vitamins include the following components: niacinamide 1g / L, calcium pantothenate 1.2g / L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25g / L, riboflavin 0.5g / L, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.25g / L, mannitol 2g / L, vitamin B 1 41g / L, folic acid 0.25g / L, biotin 0.02g / L, tocopherol 7.5g / L, ascorbic acid 264g / L, water 1L.

[0028] The preparation method of the above feed is:

[0029] 1) Mix the pre-weighed wheat germ, soybean powder, soybean protein powder and casein, stir and sterilize to obtain a mixed powder for later use;

[0030] 2) After the agar is melted, add the prepared mixed powder, mix well, cool to 60-65°C, add mixed vitamins, methyl paraben, and sorbic acid, stir well, cool and store in a refrigerator.

[0031] Comparative Example 1

[0032] The comparative example uses an existing artificial feed for small cutworms as a control, and its components include 25-30 g / L whole wheat germ, 33-35 g / L casein, 30-42 g / L sucrose, 20-28 g / L agar, 8-12 g / L Webster mixed salt, 1.5-2 g / L sorbic acid, 1-2 g / L methyl paraben, 18-22 mL / L 10% potassium hydroxide, 15-18 mL / L 95% ethanol, and 28-34 mL / L vitamin mixture.

[0033] Example 5 Application of artificial feed in raising cutworm larvae

[0034] (1) Collect the eggs of cutworms laid on the cotton net on the same day, cut them into the size of a pre-prepared plastic box, put them into the plastic box, punch holes in the lid or use a paper towel to block it. Put one egg in each box and seal it in an artificial climate chamber. The climate chamber parameters are set as follows: 25±2℃, RH 75±5%, light intensity 4000-6500lux, photoperiod 14L:10D, and observe the hatching of cutworm eggs regularly every day. The incubation period of eggs is 3-4 days.

[0035] (2) When the larvae are about to hatch, put in clean artificial feed (cut into thin slices). The feed needs to be changed in time according to the environment. The stocking density can be adjusted according to the size of the storage box. For example, a 15cm×5cm×5cm feeding box can hold about 500 larvae;

[0036] (3) Use a brush to pick out the third-instar larvae of cutworms in the insect box and place them in a twelve-hole plate insect box, with one worm in one hole. Place a paper towel between the twelve-hole plate and the lid. Other insect boxes also need to be ventilated. Cutworm larvae older than the third instar have lower light requirements and can be raised in a dark environment.

[0037] When the cutworms are 3-4 years old, cut the prepared feed into blocks of about 5mm×5mm with a knife, one block for each larva. Change the feed size according to the size of the insect body in the later stage. When they are 5-6 years old, cut the prepared feed into blocks of about 10mm×10mm with a knife, one block for each larva. Observe and record the number of larvae killed in each treatment every day, and calculate their survival rate.

[0038] The artificial breeding method of this embodiment is to raise representative species of cutworm pests, Agrotis spp. and Agrotis spp., respectively, and carry out three consecutive generations of breeding, with three replicates for each treatment, 200 heads raised each time, and the survival rate of the larvae of the tested cutworms in the entire larval stage was recorded.

[0039] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Overall survival rate of larvae of artificially reared cutworms

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different letters after the same row of data indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level after Duncan's new multiple range method test.

[0044] As shown in Table 1, by adopting the method of the present embodiment, collective feeding is adopted before the 3rd age, and then the 3rd age is transferred to the insect box for single head feeding. The overall survival rate of the larval stage of the small cutworm and the yellow cutworm in the different ratios of the artificial feeds in the embodiments 1, 2, and 3 is more than 84.51% and 82.57%, which is significantly higher than the comparative feed. Among them, the feeding effect of embodiment 2 is the best, and the overall survival rate of the larval stage of the small cutworm in the continuous 3 generations is 91.97%, 90.57% and 90.79% respectively, and the overall survival rate of the larvae of the yellow cutworm in the continuous 3 generations is 87.45%, 88.28% and 87.63% respectively. In embodiment 4, soybean meal is replaced by corn meal, and the content of vitamins is reduced, and the effect of using this feed formula is the worst. The results show that the feeding method of the present invention is used to raise cutworms, which has the advantages of good stability and high consistency, and is suitable for the breeding of various cutworm pests.

[0045] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An artificial feed for raising cutworms, characterized in that: It includes 80-120g wheat germ, 80-120g soybean powder, 25-35g agar, 20-30g soybean protein powder, 10-20g casein, 5-10g mixed vitamins, 2-3g methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 1-2g sorbic acid and 1L water.

2. An artificial feed for raising cutworms according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes 100g wheat germ, 100g soybean powder, 30g agar, 25g soybean protein powder, 15g casein, 6g mixed vitamins, 2.5g methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 1.5g sorbic acid and 1L water.

3. An artificial feed for raising cutworms according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mixed vitamin includes the following components: niacinamide 0.8-1.2g / L, calcium pantothenate 0.8-1.4g / L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.2-0.3g / L, riboflavin 0.3-0.8g / L, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.2-0.3g / L, mannitol 1-3g / L, vitamin B138-45g / L, inositol 18-22g / L, folic acid 0.2-0.3g / L, biotin 0.01-0.03g / L, choline chloride 40-60g / L, tocopherol 7-8g / L, ascorbic acid 260-270g / L, and water 1L.

4. The method for preparing the artificial feed according to claim 3, characterized in that the process include: 1) Mix the pre-weighed wheat germ, soybean powder, soybean protein powder and casein, stir and sterilize to obtain a mixed powder for later use; 2) After the agar is melted, add the prepared mixed powder, mix well, cool to 60-65°C, add mixed vitamins, methyl paraben, and sorbic acid, stir well, cool and store in a refrigerator.

5. Use of the feed prepared by the method according to claim 4 in feeding cutworm larvae.

6. A method for feeding cutworm larvae, characterized in that: The process includes: centralized collection and hatching of egg masses, feed addition, larval rearing and transfer; wherein, the rearing temperature is 23-27 DEG C, the relative humidity is 75±5%, the photoperiod is 14L:10D, and the cutworm larvae are reared with the artificial feed.

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