Exhaust heat recovery device and method for hydrogen internal combustion locomotive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and discloses a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive exhaust heat recovery device and method.The hydrogen internal combustion locomotive exhaust heat recovery device comprises a gas box, the top of the gas box is in through connection with a gas inlet pipe, and the top of the gas box is in through connection with a gas outlet pipe; high-heat gas enters a gap formed by the multiple hollow cylinders from the gas outlet pipe, the high-heat gas makes contact with the metal hollow cylinders, the first hollow cylinder, the second hollow cylinder, the third hollow cylinder and the center pipe are affected by the high-temperature gas, the temperature rises gradually, water sources in shadow areas in the multiple hollow cylinders are heated, and the heat exchange function is achieved. The design of most small copper pipes is broken through, the flowing space of airflow is small and smooth, the phenomenon of air pressure backflow is effectively avoided, in addition, through the design of a plurality of annular hollow cylinders, the contact area of high-temperature gas and the outer wall is increased, and the thermal reaction efficiency of equipment is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engine equipment, and in particular to an exhaust heat recovery device and method for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive. Background Art

[0002] In the field of rail transit, non-electrified railways will continue to exist for a long time and occupy a large proportion. Traditional diesel locomotives used in non-electrified railways will face huge challenges in energy conservation and emission reduction. Hydrogen energy is regarded as one of the clean energy sources with the most application prospects because of its zero pollution, high efficiency and abundant sources. There are two main ways to utilize hydrogen energy: fuel cells and hydrogen internal combustion engines. Fuel cells have the advantages of high efficiency and zero emissions, but they have the disadvantages of high cost, low life, low single stack power, and high requirements for hydrogen purity compared to hydrogen internal combustion engines. Hydrogen internal combustion engines have thermal efficiency close to that of fuel cells, can achieve low emissions, have low cost, long life, and a wide range of gas adaptability. Hydrogen energy is a driving force for the upgrading and transformation of various application fields of traditional internal combustion engines.

[0003] However, the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is limited. The gas is a high-pressure gas. In order to improve the recovery efficiency, the heat recovery devices on the market usually connect the exhaust pipe with multiple small metal pipes, and most of the pipes are in a tortuous state. In the actual application of the above design, it is difficult for the small and tortuous metal pipes to quickly discharge the exhaust gas in time. As a result, when the internal combustion engine is exhausting, due to the difficulty in exhausting, the exhaust gas may return, affecting the output power of the hydrogen internal combustion engine. In response to the above problems, the following solutions are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive, comprising an air box, an air inlet pipe is connected through the top of the air box, and an air outlet pipe is connected through the top of the air box;

[0005] A heat conversion mechanism, the heat conversion mechanism includes a hollow cylinder 1 fixedly connected to the top of the air outlet pipe, six square tubes 1 are connected through the bottom of the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 1, one end of the six square tubes 1 away from the hollow cylinder 1 is connected through the hollow cylinder 2, one side of the hollow cylinder 2 away from the square tube 1 is connected through the six square tubes 2, one end of the six square tubes 2 away from the hollow cylinder 2 is connected through the hollow cylinder 3, one side of the hollow cylinder 3 away from the square tube 2 is connected through the six square tubes 3, one end of the square tube 3 away from the hollow cylinder 3 is connected through the central tube, and a cleaning component is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 1;

[0006] The water inlet mechanism includes a water outlet pipe fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube, a water inlet ring is connected through the outer wall of the hollow tube, a water inlet pipe is connected through the outer wall of the water inlet ring, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow tube, and a water outlet assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air box. When using the device, the air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet end of the internal combustion engine, and the heat conversion mechanism is ensured to be in an upward vertical state, and the water flow of the water inlet pipe is connected to allow external water to pass through Figure 5 The route of middle G enters the shaded area, at this time the hydrogen internal combustion engine starts to operate, and the generated high-pressure and high-temperature steam enters the air box from the air inlet pipe, and enters the gap composed of multiple hollow cylinders from the air outlet pipe. The high-calorie gas contacts the hollow cylinder made of metal. Hollow cylinder one, hollow cylinder two, hollow cylinder three and the center tube are all affected by the high-temperature gas. The temperature of the component rises and heats the water source in the shaded area of ​​the multiple hollow cylinders to realize the heat exchange function. Through the application of the above components, the design of most small copper tubes is broken, the flow space of the airflow is small and unobstructed, and the phenomenon of air pressure reflux is effectively avoided. In addition, through the design of multiple annular hollow cylinders, the contact area between the high-temperature gas and the outer wall is increased, which effectively improves the thermal reaction efficiency of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, the cleaning component includes an annular track fixedly connected to the inner wall of a hollow cylinder, an arc-shaped scraper is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove of the annular track, a scraper is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper, and an inclined fan blade is fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc-shaped scraper.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning component also includes an annular track 2 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 2, an arc-shaped scraper 2 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove of the annular track 2, and a scraper 2 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc-shaped scraper 2.

[0009] Preferably, the cleaning component also includes an inclined fan blade three fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc-shaped scraper two, and one end of the inclined fan blade one away from the arc-shaped scraper one is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder two. By utilizing the characteristic that the high-pressure gas enters the gap of the hollow cylinder two from the air outlet pipe, an inclined fan blade one and an annular track one are arranged inside the device. When the high-pressure gas passes through the gap formed by the middle cylinder, the high-pressure gas also acts on the inclined surfaces of the inclined fan blade one and the inclined fan blade three. Due to the inclined design of the inclined fan blade one, the high-pressure gas entering the gap of the hollow cylinder cannot diffuse outwards quickly and contacts the bottom of the inclined fan blade three, thereby Inclined fan blade three should have an upward thrust on inclined fan blade one, but limited by the influence of the inclined surfaces of inclined fan blade three and inclined fan blade one, inclined fan blade one will drive arc scraper one to rotate along the inner wall of circular track one. During the rotation of arc scraper one, it will drive the internal scraper one to clean the inner wall of hollow cylinder one, and the end of inclined fan blade one away from arc scraper one will clean the inner wall of hollow cylinder two. Through the application of the above components, it is effectively avoided that a large amount of water vapor in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine contacts with the cooler inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder, and forms water droplets on the inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder, affecting the thermal conversion efficiency of the equipment.

[0010] Preferably, the cleaning component also includes a rotating column rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air outlet pipe, a semicircular plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating column, and one end of the inclined fan blade three away from the arc scraper two is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder three. Utilizing the characteristic that the high-pressure gas enters the interior of the heat conversion mechanism through the air outlet pipe, a rotating column and a semicircular plate are arranged inside the equipment. When the high-pressure gas enters the air outlet pipe from the air box, the high-pressure gas will contact the rotating column. At this time, part of the airflow will contact the bottom of the rotating column and present the physical phenomenon of Karman vortex street above the rotating column. The airflow will slide along the outer wall of the rotating column and form two airflow differences with unequal pressures at both ends of the rotating column. The unequal airflow will produce regular swinging at the top of the rotating column. When the above-mentioned force acts on the semicircular plate, the semicircular plate will produce regular swinging, and the windflow from bottom to top in the air outlet pipe will be disturbed, causing the windflow inside the air outlet pipe to change, avoiding most of the wind entering only the gap between the central tube and the hollow cylinder three, avoiding uneven gas dispersion, and affecting the conversion efficiency of the equipment.

[0011] Preferably, the water outlet assembly includes a water accumulation port opened at the bottom of the air box, a trumpet tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water accumulation port, the bottom of the trumpet tube is through-connected to a control board, and a water outlet is opened at the bottom of the control board.

[0012] Preferably, the water outlet component also includes a sliding column slidably connected to the inner wall of the water outlet, the bottom of the sliding column is fixedly connected to a cross, the end of the sliding column away from the cross is fixedly connected to a floating plate, the outer wall of the sliding column is fixedly connected to a blocking rubber ring, the bottom of the floating plate is fixedly connected to a pulling spring, the end of the pulling spring away from the floating plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control board, and utilizing the characteristic that the scratched water will flow downward along the outer wall of the hollow cylinder, a water outlet component is arranged inside the equipment, the water flows down and enters the inner wall of the bell tube through the water accumulation port, and as the water accumulation inside the bell tube increases, the floating plate is synchronously raised by the increase in the liquid level, and the upward movement of the floating plate will drive the sliding column to move upward along the inner wall of the water outlet, so that a gap is formed between the cross and the water outlet, and the water inside the bell tube will be discharged downward through the above gap. Through the application of the above components and the separate design of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, the gradual increase of condensed water can be avoided, and it can be prevented from entering the exhaust port of the hydrogen internal combustion locomotive and affecting the normal operation of the internal combustion engine.

[0013] A method for using a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive exhaust heat recovery device comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1: When installing the equipment, connect the air inlet pipe to the air outlet of the internal combustion engine, ensure that the heat conversion mechanism is in an upward vertical state, and connect the water flow of the water inlet pipe;

[0015] S2: The hydrogen internal combustion engine starts to operate, and the high-pressure and high-temperature steam generated enters the gas box from the gas inlet pipe and enters the gap formed by multiple hollow cylinders from the gas outlet pipe;

[0016] S3: The high-heat gas contacts the metal hollow tubes. Hollow tube 1, hollow tube 2, hollow tube 3 and the central tube are all affected by the high-temperature gas, and the temperature gradually rises, heating the water sources in the multiple hollow tubes.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) In view of the problem that small and tortuous pipes are prone to cause poor exhaust, the present invention provides a heat conversion mechanism inside the device. When using the device, the air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet end of the internal combustion engine, and the heat conversion mechanism is ensured to be in an upward vertical state. The water flow of the water inlet pipe is connected to allow external water to pass through Figure 5The route of middle G enters the shaded area, at this time the hydrogen internal combustion engine starts to operate, and the generated high-pressure and high-temperature steam enters the air box from the air inlet pipe, and enters the gap composed of multiple hollow cylinders from the air outlet pipe. The high-calorie gas contacts the hollow cylinder made of metal. Hollow cylinder one, hollow cylinder two, hollow cylinder three and the center tube are all affected by the high-temperature gas. The temperature of the component rises and heats the water source in the shaded area of ​​the multiple hollow cylinders to realize the heat exchange function. Through the application of the above components, the design of most small copper tubes is broken, the flow space of the airflow is small and unobstructed, and the phenomenon of air pressure reflux is effectively avoided. In addition, through the design of multiple annular hollow cylinders, the contact area between the high-temperature gas and the outer wall is increased, which effectively improves the thermal reaction efficiency of the equipment.

[0019] (2) The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the high-pressure gas enters the interior of the heat conversion mechanism through the outlet pipe, and a rotating column and a semicircular plate are arranged inside the device. When the high-pressure gas enters the outlet pipe from the air box, the high-pressure gas will contact the rotating column. At this time, part of the airflow will contact the bottom of the rotating column and present the physical phenomenon of Karman vortex street above the rotating column. The airflow will slide along the outer wall of the rotating column and form two airflows with unequal pressures at both ends of the rotating column. The unequal airflow will produce regular swinging at the top of the rotating column. When the above-mentioned force acts on the semicircular plate, the semicircular plate will produce regular swinging, and the wind flow from bottom to top in the outlet pipe will be disturbed, causing the wind flow in the outlet pipe to change, thereby preventing most of the wind from entering only the gap between the central tube and the hollow cylinder three, and avoiding uneven gas dispersion, which affects the conversion efficiency of the equipment.

[0020] (3) The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the high-pressure gas enters the gap between the hollow cylinder and the second hollow cylinder from the gas outlet pipe, and an inclined blade 1 and an annular track 1 are arranged inside the device. When the high-pressure gas passes through the gap formed by the middle cylinder, the high-pressure gas also acts on the inclined surfaces of the inclined blade 1 and the inclined blade 3. Limited by the inclined design of the inclined blade 1, the high-pressure gas entering the gap between the hollow cylinder cannot diffuse outward quickly and contact the bottom of the inclined blade 3, which exerts an upward thrust on the inclined blade 3. However, due to the influence of the inclined surfaces of the inclined blade 3 and the inclined blade 1, the inclined blade 1 will drive the arc scraper 1 to rotate along the inner wall of the annular track 1. During the rotation of the arc scraper 1, the internal scraper 1 will be driven to clean the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 1, and the end of the inclined blade 1 away from the arc scraper 1 will clean the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 2. Through the application of the above components, it is effectively avoided that a large amount of water vapor in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine contacts with the cooler inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder, forming water droplets on the inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder, thereby affecting the thermal conversion efficiency of the equipment.

[0021] (4) The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the scratched water will flow downward along the outer wall of the hollow tube, and a water outlet component is arranged inside the device. The water flows down and enters the inner wall of the bell tube through the water accumulation port. As the water accumulation inside the bell tube increases, the floating plate is simultaneously raised by the increase in the liquid level, and the upward movement of the floating plate will drive the sliding column to move upward along the inner wall of the water outlet, so that a gap is formed between the cross and the water outlet. The water inside the bell tube will be discharged downward through the above gap. Through the application of the above components and the separate design of the air inlet and the air outlet, the condensed water is prevented from gradually increasing and entering the exhaust port of the hydrogen internal combustion locomotive, thereby affecting the normal operation of the internal combustion engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heat conversion machine of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal water flow direction of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a cleaning component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the cleaning component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of B;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention.

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0033] In the figure: 1. air box; 11. air inlet pipe; 12. air outlet pipe; 13. fixing frame; 2. heat conversion mechanism; 21. hollow tube one; 22. square tube one; 23. hollow tube two; 24. square tube two; 25. hollow tube three; 26. square tube three; 27. center tube; 3. water inlet mechanism; 31. water outlet pipe; 32. water inlet ring; 33. water inlet pipe; 4. cleaning component; 41. circular track one; 42. arc scraper one; 43. tilted fan blade one; 44. circular track two; 45. arc scraper two; 46. tilted fan blade three; 47. rotating column; 48. semicircular plate; 6. water outlet component; 61. water accumulation port; 62. trumpet tube; 63. control panel; 64. sliding column; 65. cross; 66. floating plate; 67. plugging rubber ring; 68. pulling spring; 69. water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] For example, see Figure 1 - Figure 5 The present invention is an exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive, comprising an air box 1, an air inlet pipe 11 is connected through the top of the air box 1, and an air outlet pipe 12 is connected through the top of the air box 1;

[0036] The heat conversion mechanism 2 includes a hollow cylinder 1 21 fixedly connected to the top of the air outlet pipe 12, six square tubes 1 22 are connected through the bottom of the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 1 21, one end of the six square tubes 1 22 away from the hollow cylinder 1 21 is connected through the hollow cylinder 2 23, and one side of the hollow cylinder 2 23 away from the square tube 1 22 is connected through six square tubes 24, and one end of the six square tubes 24 away from the hollow cylinder 2 23 is connected through the hollow cylinder 3 25, and one side of the hollow cylinder 3 25 away from the square tube 2 24 is connected through six square tubes 3 26, and one end of the square tube 3 26 away from the hollow cylinder 3 25 is connected through the central tube 27, and the cleaning component 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 1 21;

[0037] The water inlet mechanism 3 includes a water outlet pipe 31 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube 27, a water inlet ring 32 is connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 21, a water inlet pipe 33 is connected to the outer wall of the water inlet ring 32, a fixing frame 13 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 21, and a water outlet assembly 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air box 1. When using the device, the air inlet pipe 11 is connected to the air outlet end of the internal combustion engine, and the heat conversion mechanism 2 is ensured to be in an upward vertical state, and the water flow of the water inlet pipe 33 is connected to allow external water to pass through Figure 5 The route of middle G enters the shaded area, at this time the hydrogen internal combustion engine starts to operate, and the generated high-pressure and high-temperature steam enters the interior of the gas box 1 from the air inlet pipe 11, and enters the gap composed of multiple hollow cylinders from the air outlet pipe 12, and the high-calorie gas contacts the hollow cylinders made of metal. Hollow cylinder 1 21, hollow cylinder 23, hollow cylinder 3 25 and central tube 27 are all affected by the high-temperature gas, and the temperature gradually rises, and heats the water source in the shaded area of ​​the multiple hollow cylinders to realize the heat exchange function. Through the application of the above components, the design of most small copper tubes is broken, the flow space of the airflow is small and unobstructed, and the phenomenon of air pressure reflux is effectively avoided. In addition, through the design of multiple annular hollow cylinders, the contact area between the high-temperature gas and the outer wall is increased, and the thermal reaction efficiency of the equipment is effectively improved.

[0038] For example 2, please refer to Figure 6 - Fig. 9 The present invention is a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive exhaust heat recovery device. On the basis of embodiment 1, the cleaning component 4 includes an annular track 41 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 21, an arc scraper 42 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove of the annular track 41, a scraper 1 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc scraper 42, and an inclined fan blade 43 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc scraper 42.

[0039] The cleaning assembly 4 also includes an annular track 44 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 23 , an arc scraper 45 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove of the annular track 44 , and a scraper 45 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc scraper 45 .

[0040] The cleaning component 4 also includes an inclined fan blade three 46 fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc scraper two 45, and one end of the inclined fan blade one 43 away from the arc scraper one 42 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder two 23. By utilizing the characteristic that the high-pressure gas enters the gap of the hollow cylinder two 23 from the gas outlet pipe 12, an inclined fan blade one 43 and an annular track one 41 are arranged inside the device. When the high-pressure gas passes through the gap formed by the middle cylinder, the high-pressure gas also acts on the inclined surfaces of the inclined fan blade one 43 and the inclined fan blade three 46. Due to the inclined design of the inclined fan blade one 43, the high-pressure gas entering the gap of the hollow cylinder cannot quickly diffuse outwards and contacts the bottom of the inclined fan blade three 46, thereby contacting the inclined fan blade three 46. The inclined fan blade three 46 should have an upward thrust on the inclined fan blade one 43, but limited by the influence of the inclined surfaces of the inclined fan blade three 46 and the inclined fan blade one 43, the inclined fan blade one 43 will drive the arc scraper one 42 to rotate along the inner wall of the circular track one 41. During the rotation of the arc scraper one 42, the internal scraper one will be driven to clean the inner wall of the hollow cylinder one 21, and the end of the inclined fan blade one 43 away from the arc scraper one 42 will clean the inner wall of the hollow cylinder two 23. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, it is effectively avoided that a large amount of water vapor in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine contacts with the cooler inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder, and water droplets are formed on the inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder, affecting the thermal conversion efficiency of the equipment.

[0041] The cleaning assembly 4 also includes a rotating column 47 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air outlet pipe 12, and a semicircular plate 48 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating column 47. The end of the inclined fan blade 3 46 away from the arc scraper 2 45 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 3 25. By utilizing the characteristics that the high-pressure gas enters the interior of the heat conversion mechanism 2 through the air outlet pipe 12, a rotating column 47 and a semicircular plate 48 are arranged inside the device. When the high-pressure gas enters the air outlet pipe 12 from the air box 1, the high-pressure gas will contact the rotating column 47. At this time, part of the airflow will contact the bottom of the rotating column 47 and The physical phenomenon of Karman vortex street is presented above. The airflow will slide along the outer wall of the rotating column 47 and form two airflow differences with unequal pressures at both ends of the rotating column 47. The unequal airflow will produce regular swinging at the top of the rotating column 47. When the above-mentioned force acts on the semicircular plate 48, the semicircular plate 48 will produce regular swinging, and the wind flow from bottom to top inside the outlet pipe 12 will be disturbed, causing the wind flow inside the outlet pipe 12 to change, preventing most of the wind from entering only the gap between the central tube 27 and the hollow cylinder three 25, avoiding uneven gas dispersion, and affecting the conversion efficiency of the equipment.

[0042] The water outlet assembly 6 includes a water collection port 61 opened at the bottom of the air box 1, a bell tube 62 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water collection port 61, a control board 63 is connected to the bottom of the bell tube 62, and a water outlet 69 is opened at the bottom of the control board 63.

[0043] The water outlet assembly 6 also includes a sliding column 64 slidably connected to the inner wall of the water outlet 69, a cross 65 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding column 64, a floating plate 66 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding column 64 away from the cross 65, a blocking rubber ring 67 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding column 64, a pulling spring 68 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating plate 66, and the end of the pulling spring 68 away from the floating plate 66 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control board 63. By utilizing the characteristic that the scratched water will flow downward along the outer wall of the hollow cylinder, a water outlet assembly 6 is arranged inside the device, and the water flows down And enter the inner wall of the bell tube 62 through the water accumulation port 61. As the water accumulation inside the bell tube 62 increases, the floating plate 66 is simultaneously raised by the increase in the liquid level. The upward movement of the floating plate 66 will drive the sliding column 64 to move upward along the inner wall of the water outlet 69, so that a gap is formed between the cross 65 and the water outlet 69. The water inside the bell tube 62 will be discharged downward through the above gap. Through the application of the above components and the separate design of the air inlet pipe 11 and the air outlet pipe 12, the condensed water is prevented from gradually increasing and entering the exhaust port of the hydrogen internal combustion locomotive to affect the normal operation of the internal combustion engine.

[0044] The method for using the heat conversion device includes the following steps:

[0045] S1: During installation, the air inlet pipe 11 is connected to the air outlet of the internal combustion engine, and the heat conversion mechanism 2 is ensured to be in an upward vertical state, and the water flow of the water inlet pipe 33 is connected;

[0046] S2: The hydrogen internal combustion engine starts to operate, and the generated high-pressure and high-temperature steam enters the interior of the gas box 1 from the gas inlet pipe 11, and enters the gap formed by the multiple hollow cylinders from the gas outlet pipe 12;

[0047] S3: The high-heat gas contacts the metal hollow tubes. The hollow tube 1 21 , the hollow tube 23 , the hollow tube 3 25 and the central tube 27 are all affected by the high-temperature gas, and the temperature gradually rises, thereby heating the water sources in the multiple hollow tubes.

[0048] A specific application of this embodiment is: when using the device, connect the air inlet pipe 11 to the air outlet of the internal combustion engine, ensure that the heat conversion mechanism 2 is in an upward vertical state, connect the water flow of the water inlet pipe 33, and allow external water to pass through Figure 5The route of middle G enters the shaded area. At this time, the hydrogen internal combustion engine starts to operate, and the high-pressure and high-temperature steam generated enters the interior of the gas box 1 from the air inlet pipe 11, and enters the gap composed of multiple hollow cylinders from the air outlet pipe 12. The high-heat gas contacts the hollow cylinder made of metal. Hollow cylinder 1 21, hollow cylinder 23, hollow cylinder 3 25 and central tube 27 are all affected by the high-temperature gas. The temperature component rises and heats the water source in the shaded area of ​​the multiple hollow cylinders to realize the heat exchange function. Through the application of the above components, the design of most small copper tubes is broken, and the flow space of the airflow is small and unobstructed, which effectively avoids the phenomenon of air pressure reflux. In addition, through the design of multiple annular hollow cylinders, the contact area between the high-temperature gas and the outer wall is increased, which effectively improves the thermal reaction efficiency of the equipment. By utilizing the characteristics of the above-mentioned high-pressure gas entering the interior of the heat conversion mechanism 2 through the air outlet pipe 12, A rotating column 47 and a semicircular plate 48 are provided inside the equipment. When the high-pressure gas enters the outlet pipe 12 from the air box 1, the high-pressure gas will contact the rotating column 47. At this time, part of the airflow will contact the bottom of the rotating column 47 and present the physical phenomenon of Karman vortex street above the rotating column 47. The airflow will slide along the outer wall of the rotating column 47 and form two airflows with unequal pressures at both ends of the rotating column 47. The unequal airflow will produce regular swinging at the top of the rotating column 47. When the above-mentioned force acts on the semicircular plate 48, the semicircular plate 48 will produce regular swinging, and the wind flow from bottom to top inside the outlet pipe 12 will be disturbed, causing the wind flow inside the outlet pipe 12 to change, avoiding that most of the wind only enters the gap between the central tube 27 and the hollow cylinder three 25, avoiding uneven gas dispersion, and affecting the conversion efficiency of the equipment.

[0049] Taking advantage of the fact that the high-pressure gas enters the gap between the hollow cylinder 23 from the gas outlet pipe 12, an inclined blade 1 43 and a circular track 1 41 are arranged inside the device. When the high-pressure gas passes through the gap formed by the middle cylinder, the high-pressure gas also acts on the inclined surfaces of the inclined blade 1 43 and the inclined blade 3 46. Due to the inclined design of the inclined blade 1 43, the high-pressure gas entering the gap between the hollow cylinder cannot diffuse outward quickly and contacts the bottom of the inclined blade 3 46, which exerts an upward thrust on the inclined blade 1 43. However, due to the limited inclined blade 3 46 and the inclined blade 3 46, the high-pressure gas cannot diffuse outward quickly and contacts the bottom of the inclined blade 3 46. Due to the influence of the inclined surface of the inclined fan blade 43, the inclined fan blade 43 will drive the arc scraper 42 to rotate along the inner wall of the circular track 41. During the rotation of the arc scraper 42, the internal scraper 1 will be driven to clean the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 21, and the end of the inclined fan blade 43 away from the arc scraper 42 will clean the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 23. Through the application of the above components, it is effectively avoided that a large amount of water vapor in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen internal combustion engine contacts with the cooler inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder, and water droplets are formed on the inner and outer walls of the hollow cylinder, affecting the thermal conversion efficiency of the equipment.

[0050] Taking advantage of the fact that the scratched water will flow downward along the outer wall of the hollow tube, a water outlet component 6 is provided inside the device. The water flows down and enters the inner wall of the bell tube 62 through the water accumulation port 61. As the water accumulation inside the bell tube 62 increases, the floating plate 66 is simultaneously raised by the increase in the liquid level. The upward movement of the floating plate 66 will drive the sliding column 64 to move upward along the inner wall of the water outlet 69, so that a gap is formed between the cross 65 and the water outlet 69. The water inside the bell tube 62 will be discharged downward through the above gap. Through the application of the above components and the separate design of the air inlet pipe 11 and the air outlet pipe 12, the condensed water is prevented from gradually increasing and entering the exhaust port of the hydrogen internal combustion locomotive to affect the normal operation of the internal combustion engine.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive, an air box (1), an air inlet pipe (11) is connected through the top of the air box (1), and an air outlet pipe (12) is connected through the top of the air box (1), characterized in that: Also includes: The heat conversion mechanism (2) comprises a hollow cylinder (21) fixedly connected to the top of the air outlet pipe (12), six square tubes (22) are connected through the bottom of the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (21), one end of the six square tubes (22) away from the hollow cylinder (21) is connected through the hollow cylinder (23), and one side of the hollow cylinder (23) away from the square tube (22) is connected through the six square tubes (23). Tube 2 (24), one end of the six square tubes 2 (24) away from the hollow tube 2 (23) is connected to the hollow tube 3 (25), one side of the hollow tube 3 (25) away from the square tube 2 (24) is connected to six square tubes 3 (26), one end of the square tube 3 (26) away from the hollow tube 3 (25) is connected to the center tube (27), and the inner wall of the hollow tube 1 (21) is fixedly connected to a cleaning component (4); A water inlet mechanism (3), the water inlet mechanism (3) comprising a water outlet pipe (31) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube (27), a water inlet ring (32) penetratingly connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder (21), a water inlet pipe (33) penetratingly connected to the outer wall of the water inlet ring (32), a fixing frame (13) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder (21), and a water outlet assembly (6) fixedly connected to the bottom of the air box (1).

2. The exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (4) comprises an annular track (41) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (21), an arc-shaped scraper (42) being slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove of the annular track (41), a scraper (42) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper (42), and an inclined fan blade (43) being fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc-shaped scraper (42).

3. The exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (4) further comprises an annular track (44) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (23), an arc-shaped scraper (45) being slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove of the annular track (44), and a scraper (45) being fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc-shaped scraper (45).

4. The exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (4) further comprises an inclined fan blade (46) fixedly connected to the side wall of the arc-shaped scraper blade (45), and an end of the inclined fan blade (43) away from the arc-shaped scraper blade (42) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder (23).

5. The exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (4) further comprises a rotating column (47) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air outlet pipe (12), a semicircular plate (48) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating column (47), and an end of the inclined blade three (46) away from the arc-shaped scraper two (45) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder three (25).

6. The exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water outlet assembly (6) comprises a water accumulation port (61) provided at the bottom of the air box (1); a bell tube (62) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water accumulation port (61); a control board (63) is connected through the bottom of the bell tube (62); and a water outlet (69) is provided at the bottom of the control board (63).

7. The exhaust heat recovery device for a hydrogen internal combustion locomotive according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water outlet assembly (6) further comprises a sliding column (64) slidably connected to the inner wall of the water outlet (69); a cross (65) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding column (64); an end of the sliding column (64) away from the cross (65) is fixedly connected to a floating plate (66); a blocking rubber ring (67) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding column (64); a pulling spring (68) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating plate (66); and an end of the pulling spring (68) away from the floating plate (66) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control plate (63).

8. A method for using a hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust heat recovery device, using the hydrogen internal combustion engine heat recovery device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: When installing the device, connect the air inlet pipe (11) to the air outlet of the internal combustion engine, ensure that the heat conversion mechanism (2) is in an upward vertical state, and connect the water flow of the water inlet pipe (33); S2: The hydrogen internal combustion engine starts to operate, and the generated high-pressure and high-temperature steam enters the interior of the gas box (1) from the gas inlet pipe (11), and enters the gap formed by the multiple hollow cylinders from the gas outlet pipe (12); S3: The high-heat gas contacts the metal hollow tubes. Hollow tube 1 (21), hollow tube 2 (23), hollow tube 3 (25) and the central tube (27) are all affected by the high-temperature gas, and the temperature gradually rises, thereby heating the water sources in the multiple hollow tubes.

Images