Upsetting method for aluminum alloy round cast ingot with large height-diameter ratio

Abstract

The invention discloses an upsetting method of a large height-diameter ratio aluminum alloy round ingot, which relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy product processing, and comprises the following steps: (1) removing the head and the tail of the aluminum alloy round ingot, (2) pre-punching, (3) heating, and (4) upsetting. The treatment process is simple in step, the produced aluminum alloy round ingot is large in upsetting ratio and small in residual stress, the instability phenomenon does not occur in the forging and pressing process, upsetting of the round ingot with the large height-diameter ratio is achieved, the compactness and mechanical performance of the aluminum alloy round ingot can be improved, and the internal tissue and structure of the aluminum alloy round ingot can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy product processing, in particular to an upsetting method for an aluminum alloy round ingot with a large aspect ratio. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy round ingot is a round billet made by mixing high-purity aluminum and other metal elements in proportion through smelting, casting, cooling and other processes. During casting, the aluminum alloy is melted and poured into a mold. After it cools and solidifies, it is taken out of the mold to obtain the aluminum alloy round ingot.

[0003] Upsetting is a plastic processing method that increases the cross-sectional area and reduces the height of a metal billet by compressing it. For aluminum alloy round ingots, the main purpose of upsetting is to change their shape and size to meet the needs of subsequent processing or use. Upsetting can improve the density and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy round ingots, and improve their internal organization and structure. Traditional upsetting methods can easily lead to cast structures that are difficult to break and recrystallize, and the residual cast structures will affect the mechanical properties and service life of forgings. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for upsetting a round aluminum alloy ingot with a large aspect ratio, so as to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for upsetting a round aluminum alloy ingot with a large aspect ratio comprises the following steps: (1) removing the head and tail of the aluminum alloy ingot, opening two concave openings on the side wall of the aluminum alloy ingot, taking three aluminum alloy ingots and stacking them in a triangle shape, filling the concave openings with aluminum ingot sheets, and welding the three aluminum alloy ingots into one, thereby obtaining a processed aluminum ingot; (2) pre-punching holes at the center positions of the end surfaces of a plurality of the aluminum alloy round ingots in the processed aluminum ingot; (3) heating the processed round ingot to a temperature of 400-500°C, and cold loading the processed aluminum alloy round ingot into the furnace; (4) The heated aluminum alloy ingot is placed in an upsetting cylinder and upsetting is performed multiple times.

[0006] Furthermore, the pre-punching process also includes flat anvil heating, the flat anvil heating temperature is 420-480° C., and the heat preservation time is 15-25 hours.

[0007] Furthermore, in step (4), the single upsetting deformation is 40% to 60%, the upsetting force is 120MN to 220MN, the upsetting speed is 3 to 9mm / s, and the holding time is 1.5min to 4min.

[0008] Furthermore, in the multiple upsetting speeds in step (4), the first upsetting speed is 3 to 5 mm / s, and the subsequent upsetting speeds gradually increase.

[0009] Furthermore, during the upsetting process of step (4), when the temperature of the aluminum alloy is lower than 450° C., the forging is stopped and the aluminum alloy is reheated and kept warm.

[0010] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The processing steps of the present invention are simple. Through the stacking of three aluminum alloy round ingots in each group and the pre-punching operation, a foundation is laid for the subsequent processing of aluminum alloy round ingots with a high diameter ratio. Through multiple and incremental upsetting speed processing, the processing stress in the processing process can be released to the greatest extent, and the processing state of the product can be improved. The step-by-step processing method can realize the crushing processing of the cast structure multiple times, which makes it easier to achieve crystallization and improve the mechanical properties and service life of the product. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The following will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] A method for upsetting a round aluminum alloy ingot with a large aspect ratio comprises the following steps: (1) removing the head and tail of the aluminum alloy ingot, opening two concave openings on the side wall of the aluminum alloy ingot, taking three aluminum alloy ingots and stacking them in a triangle shape, filling the concave openings with aluminum ingot sheets, and welding the three aluminum alloy ingots into one, thereby obtaining a processed aluminum ingot; (2) pre-punching holes at the center positions of the end surfaces of a plurality of the aluminum alloy round ingots in the processed aluminum ingot; (3) heating the processed round ingot to a temperature of 400-500°C, and cold loading the processed aluminum alloy round ingot into the furnace; (4) The heated aluminum alloy ingot is placed in an upsetting cylinder and upsetting is performed multiple times.

[0013] The pre-punching process also includes flat anvil heating, wherein the flat anvil heating temperature is 420-480° C. and the heat preservation time is 15-25 hours.

[0014] In step (1) to step (4), the single upsetting deformation is 40% to 60%, the upsetting force is 120MN to 220MN, the upsetting speed is 3 to 9mm / s, and the holding time is 1.5min to 4min.

[0015] In the multiple upsetting speeds in step (4), the first upsetting speed is 3 to 5 mm / s, and the subsequent upsetting speeds gradually increase.

[0016] During the upsetting process of step (4), when the temperature of the aluminum alloy is lower than 450° C., the forging is stopped and the alloy is reheated and kept warm. Example 1

[0017] A method for upsetting a round aluminum alloy ingot with a large aspect ratio comprises the following steps: (1) removing the head and tail of the aluminum alloy ingot, opening two concave openings on the side wall of the aluminum alloy ingot, taking three aluminum alloy ingots and stacking them in a triangle shape, filling the concave openings with aluminum ingot sheets, and welding the three aluminum alloy ingots into one, thereby obtaining a processed aluminum ingot; (2) pre-punching holes at the center positions of the end surfaces of a plurality of the aluminum alloy round ingots in the processed aluminum ingot; (3) heating the processed round ingot to a temperature of 400-500°C, and cold loading the processed aluminum alloy round ingot into the furnace; (4) The pre-punching process also includes flat anvil heating, wherein the flat anvil heating temperature is 420-480°C and the heat preservation time is 15-25h.

[0018] In step (1) to step (4), the single upsetting deformation is 40%, the upsetting force is 120 MN, the upsetting speed is 3 mm / s, and the holding time is 1.5 min.

[0019] In the multiple upsetting speeds in step (4), the first upsetting speed is 3 mm / s, and the upsetting speed is gradually increased each time thereafter. The heated aluminum alloy ingot is placed in the upsetting cylinder and then upsetting is performed multiple times. Example 2

[0020] A method for upsetting a round aluminum alloy ingot with a large aspect ratio comprises the following steps: (1) removing the head and tail of the aluminum alloy ingot, opening two concave openings on the side wall of the aluminum alloy ingot, taking three aluminum alloy ingots and stacking them in a triangle shape, filling the concave openings with aluminum ingot sheets, and welding the three aluminum alloy ingots into one, thereby obtaining a processed aluminum ingot; (2) pre-punching holes at the center positions of the end surfaces of a plurality of the aluminum alloy round ingots in the processed aluminum ingot; (3) heating the processed round ingot to a temperature of 400-500°C, and cold loading the processed aluminum alloy round ingot into the furnace; (4) The heated aluminum alloy ingot is placed in an upsetting cylinder and upsetting is performed multiple times.

[0021] The pre-punching process also includes flat anvil heating, the flat anvil heating temperature is 450° C., and the heat preservation time is 20 hours.

[0022] In step (1) and step (4), the single upsetting deformation is 50%, the upsetting force is 170 MN, the upsetting speed is 6 mm / s, and the holding time is 3 min.

[0023] The first upsetting speed in the multiple upsetting speeds in step (4) is 34 mm / s, and the upsetting speed of each subsequent upsetting speed gradually increases.

[0024] During the upsetting process of step (4), when the temperature of the aluminum alloy is lower than 450° C., the forging is stopped and the alloy is reheated and kept warm. Example 3

[0025] A method for upsetting a round aluminum alloy ingot with a large aspect ratio comprises the following steps: (1) removing the head and tail of the aluminum alloy ingot, opening two concave openings on the side wall of the aluminum alloy ingot, taking three aluminum alloy ingots and stacking them in a triangle shape, filling the concave openings with aluminum ingot sheets, and welding the three aluminum alloy ingots into one, thereby obtaining a processed aluminum ingot; (2) pre-punching holes at the center positions of the end surfaces of a plurality of the aluminum alloy round ingots in the processed aluminum ingot; (3) heating the processed round ingot to a temperature of 400-500°C, and cold loading the processed aluminum alloy round ingot into the furnace; (4) The heated aluminum alloy ingot is placed in an upsetting cylinder and upsetting is performed multiple times.

[0026] The pre-punching process also includes flat anvil heating, wherein the flat anvil heating temperature is 420-480° C. and the heat preservation time is 15-25 hours.

[0027] In step (1) and step (4), the single upsetting deformation is 60%, the upsetting force is 220 MN, the upsetting speed is 9 mm / s, and the holding time is 4 min.

[0028] In the multiple upsetting speeds in step (4), the first upsetting speed is 5 mm / s, and the upsetting speed of each subsequent upsetting speed gradually increases.

[0029] During the upsetting process of step (4), when the temperature of the aluminum alloy is lower than 450°C, the forging is stopped and the aluminum alloy is reheated and kept warm. Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 2, this comparative example 1 does not use stacked welding of three aluminum alloy ingots, but only uses a single ingot as a processing object. Other method steps are the same.

[0030] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 2, this comparative example 2 does not perform pre-punching of the aluminum alloy ingot, and other method steps are the same.

[0031] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 2, this comparative example 3 adopts one-time upsetting, and other method steps are the same.

[0032] In order to compare the effect of the present invention, a batch of aluminum alloy round ingots were produced by traditional processing methods as comparison objects, and then the aluminum alloy round ingots were processed by the methods corresponding to the above-mentioned embodiment 2, comparative embodiment 1, comparative embodiment 2, and comparative embodiment 3 respectively: It was found that the aluminum alloy round ingot produced in Example 2 not only had a large upsetting ratio but also had a small residual stress. No instability occurred during the forging process, and the upsetting of round ingots with a large aspect ratio was achieved. The density and mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy round ingots can be improved, and their internal organization and structure can be improved.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of implementation shown. Any changes made in accordance with the concept of the present invention, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which still do not exceed the spirit covered by the specification, should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for upsetting a round ingot of an aluminum alloy with a large aspect ratio, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) removing the head and tail of the aluminum alloy ingot, opening two concave openings on the side wall of the aluminum alloy ingot, taking three aluminum alloy ingots and stacking them in a triangle shape, filling the concave openings with aluminum ingot sheets, and welding the three aluminum alloy ingots into one, thereby obtaining a processed aluminum ingot; (2) pre-punching holes at the center positions of the end surfaces of a plurality of the aluminum alloy round ingots in the processed aluminum ingot; (3) heating the processed round ingot to a temperature of 400-500°C, and cold loading the processed aluminum alloy round ingot into the furnace; (4) The heated aluminum alloy ingot is placed in an upsetting cylinder and upsetting is performed multiple times.

2. The method for upsetting a large aspect ratio aluminum alloy round ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-punching process also includes flat anvil heating, wherein the flat anvil heating temperature is 420-480° C. and the heat preservation time is 15-25 hours.

3. The method for upsetting a large aspect ratio aluminum alloy round ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the single upsetting deformation is 40% to 60%, the upsetting force is 120MN to 220MN, the upsetting speed is 3 to 9mm / s, and the holding time is 1.5min to 4min.

4. The method for upsetting a large aspect ratio aluminum alloy round ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the multiple upsetting speeds in step (4), the first upsetting speed is 3 to 5 mm / s, and the subsequent upsetting speeds gradually increase.

5. The method for upsetting a large aspect ratio aluminum alloy round ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the upsetting process of step (4), when the temperature of the aluminum alloy is lower than 450° C., the forging is stopped and the alloy is reheated and kept warm.