Aerogel material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an aerogel material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aerogel, the preparation method of the aerogel material comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a stabilizer; 2, preparing a silicon precursor; 3, catalyzing to generate silica sol; step 4, modification treatment; comprising first-stage freezing modification and second-stage freezing modification; and 5, drying at normal pressure to obtain the aerogel material. Azobisisobutyronitrile is introduced and the silica sol is subjected to freezing modification treatment, so that the sensitivity of the waterproof and heat-insulating properties to temperature change is remarkably weakened. What is worthy of attention is that azodiisobutyronitrile and silica sol subjected to freezing modification can generate a synergistic effect, the compounding not only further weakens the temperature dependence of the waterproof and heat-insulating properties of the aerogel, but also remarkably enhances the performance of the aerogel at normal temperature, meanwhile, the suitable use temperature interval of the aerogel is widened, and the practical value of the aerogel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aerogels, and in particular to an aerogel material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Silica-based aerogel is a reticular porous material with the advantages of low density, good thermal insulation, high hydrophobicity, and high porosity. However, when the use temperature changes, the various properties of aerogel, especially thermal insulation and hydrophobicity, will be affected. Therefore, reducing the temperature sensitivity of aerogel's various properties (especially thermal insulation and hydrophobicity) has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] Based on this, the present invention designs an aerogel material and a preparation method and application thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an aerogel material and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for preparing an aerogel material comprises the following steps: Step 1: preparing a stabilizer; gradually heating azobisisobutyronitrile powder to a molten state, dissolving the molten azobisisobutyronitrile in ethanol, and stirring to obtain a stabilizer; Step 2: preparing silicon precursor; Industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, pickled with pickling liquid for 1-2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 40-50°C to obtain a silicon precursor; Step 3: catalyzing the formation of silica sol; Add the silicon precursor to concentrated ammonia water, stir for 10-15 minutes to obtain activated silicon, add the activated silicon to the stabilizer, and catalyze for 2-3 hours to generate silica sol; Step 4: Modification treatment; First stage freezing modification: store the silica sol at -5 to -2°C for 25-35 minutes and then naturally warm it to room temperature; Second stage freezing modification: store the silica sol after the first stage freezing modification at -8--10℃ for 25-35min; then naturally heat it to room temperature; Step 5: Drying at normal pressure to obtain the aerogel material.

[0006] Furthermore, step one is specifically as follows: gradually heating azobisisobutyronitrile powder to a molten state, dissolving the molten azobisisobutyronitrile in ethanol, and stirring at 150-200 r / min for 20-30 min to obtain a stabilizer.

[0007] Furthermore, in step 1, the mass ratio of azobisisobutyronitrile to ethanol is 1.5-2:100-120.

[0008] Furthermore, the azobisisobutyronitrile powder is heated at a temperature of 110-120°C.

[0009] Furthermore, step 2 is specifically as follows: industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, pickled with pickling liquid for 1-2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 40-50° C. to obtain a silicon precursor.

[0010] Furthermore, the industrial silicon slag powder is sieved through a 50-70 mesh sieve.

[0011] Furthermore, the pH of the pickling solution is 2-3.

[0012] Furthermore, step three is specifically as follows: adding 0.5-1 parts of silicon precursor to 0.2-0.5 parts of concentrated ammonia water, stirring at 150-200 r / min for 10-15 minutes to obtain activated silicon, adding the activated silicon to the stabilizer, and catalyzing for 2-3 hours to generate silica sol.

[0013] An aerogel material prepared according to the aerogel material preparation method.

[0014] The invention discloses an application of the aerogel material in preparing waterproof river sand, waterproof quartz sand, desert improver, curing agent and waterproofing agent.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By introducing azobisisobutyronitrile, the waterproof and heat-insulating performance of aerogel in high temperature environment is significantly improved, almost reaching the level equivalent to that at room temperature, thereby significantly weakening the sensitivity of its waterproof and heat-insulating performance to temperature changes. Furthermore, the first and second stage freeze-modification treatments of the silica sol also effectively reduce the temperature sensitivity of these properties of the aerogel. It is worth noting that according to the analysis of comparative experimental data, azobisisobutyronitrile and freeze-modified silica sol can act synergistically. This combination not only further weakens the temperature dependence of the waterproof and heat-insulating performance of the aerogel, but also significantly enhances its performance at room temperature. At the same time, it broadens the suitable use temperature range of the aerogel and improves its practical value.

[0016] In addition, the present invention uses industrial silicon slag as raw material to produce aerogel, a new type of green and environmentally friendly thermal insulation material for buildings, which reduces environmental pollution caused by industrial solid waste, achieves energy conservation and emission reduction while protecting the environment, and truly realizes green buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A sample of aerogel material prepared in the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A sample of aerogel material prepared in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a sample picture of waterproof river sand made from aerogel material; Figure 4 This is a sample picture of waterproof quartz sand made from aerogel material; Figure 5 A sample picture of a desert modifier made from aerogel material; Figure 6 A sample diagram of a curing agent made from aerogel material; Figure 7 This is a sample picture of a waterproof agent made from aerogel material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Figure 1-2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an aerogel material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: preparing a stabilizer; 2 g of azobisisobutyronitrile powder was gradually heated to 120°C to be in a molten state, the molten azobisisobutyronitrile was dissolved in 120 g of 70% ethanol, and stirred at 200 r / min for 30 min to obtain a stabilizer; Step 2: preparing silicon precursor; Industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, passed through a 70-mesh sieve, pickled with a pH 2 pickling solution for 2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 50° C. to obtain a silicon precursor; Step 3: catalyzing the formation of silica sol; 1g of silicon precursor was added to 0.5g of concentrated ammonia water, and the mixture was stirred at 200r / min for 15min to obtain activated silicon. The activated silicon was added to the stabilizer and catalyzed for 3h to generate silica sol. Step 4: Modification treatment; First stage freezing modification: the silica sol is stored at -5°C for 35 min and then naturally warmed to room temperature; Second stage freezing modification: store the silica sol after first stage freezing modification at -10℃ for 35min and then naturally heat it to room temperature; Step 5: Drying at normal pressure to obtain an aerogel material; The silica sol to be dried is sealed and then heated in a water bath, and the mass and real-time temperature of the silica sol to be dried are collected; the stirring time and initial stirring rate during water bath heating are determined, and the initial stirring rate is adjusted according to the real-time temperature to obtain the aerogel to be dried; the viscosity data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the water bath heating is qualified; when the water bath heating is determined to be qualified, the aerogel to be dried is loaded into a thin sheet mold and placed in a drying chamber for normal pressure drying; when drying at normal pressure, the initial speed of the drying fan is determined according to the arrangement density; the real-time mass data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the initial speed is adjusted.

[0021] The atmospheric pressure drying method is based on a atmospheric pressure drying method and system for silicon-based aerogel disclosed in Chinese patent CN116929005A.

[0022] Example 2: Figure 1-2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an aerogel material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: preparing a stabilizer; 1.5 g of azobisisobutyronitrile powder was gradually heated to 110°C to be molten, the molten azobisisobutyronitrile was dissolved in 100 g of 70% ethanol, and stirred at 150 r / min for 20 min to obtain a stabilizer; Step 2: preparing silicon precursor; Industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, passed through a 50-mesh sieve, pickled with a pH 3 pickling solution for 1 hour to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 40°C to obtain a silicon precursor; Step 3: catalyzing the formation of silica sol; 0.5 g of silicon precursor was added to 0.2 g of concentrated ammonia water, and the mixture was stirred at 150 r / min for 10 min to obtain activated silicon. The activated silicon was added to the stabilizer and catalyzed for 2 h to generate silica sol. Step 4: Modification treatment; First stage freezing modification: the silica sol is stored at -2°C for 25 min and then naturally warmed to room temperature; Second stage freezing modification: The silica sol after first stage freezing modification is stored at -8°C for 25 min and then naturally heated to room temperature; Step 5: Drying at normal pressure to obtain an aerogel material; The silica sol to be dried is sealed and then heated in a water bath, and the mass and real-time temperature of the silica sol to be dried are collected; the stirring time and initial stirring rate during water bath heating are determined, and the initial stirring rate is adjusted according to the real-time temperature to obtain the aerogel to be dried; the viscosity data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the water bath heating is qualified; when the water bath heating is determined to be qualified, the aerogel to be dried is loaded into a thin sheet mold and placed in a drying chamber for normal pressure drying; when drying at normal pressure, the initial speed of the drying fan is determined according to the arrangement density; the real-time mass data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the initial speed is adjusted.

[0023] The atmospheric pressure drying method is based on a atmospheric pressure drying method and system for silicon-based aerogel disclosed in Chinese patent CN116929005A.

[0024] Example 3: Figure 1-2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an aerogel material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: preparing a stabilizer; 1.6 g of azobisisobutyronitrile powder was gradually heated to 13°C to be in a molten state, the molten azobisisobutyronitrile was dissolved in 105 g of 70% ethanol, and stirred at 180 r / min for 22 min to obtain a stabilizer; Step 2: preparing silicon precursor; Industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, passed through a 70-mesh sieve, pickled with a pH 2.5 pickling solution for 2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 48°C to obtain a silicon precursor; Step 3: catalyzing the formation of silica sol; 0.8 g of silicon precursor was added to 0.4 g of concentrated ammonia water, and the mixture was stirred at 170 r / min for 13 min to obtain activated silicon. The activated silicon was added to the stabilizer and catalyzed for 3 h to generate silica sol. Step 4: Modification treatment; First stage freezing modification: the silica sol is stored at -3°C for 30 min and then naturally warmed to room temperature; Second stage freezing modification: The silica sol after first stage freezing modification is stored at -10℃ for 30min and then naturally heated to room temperature; Step 5: Drying at normal pressure to obtain an aerogel material; The silica sol to be dried is sealed and then heated in a water bath, and the mass and real-time temperature of the silica sol to be dried are collected; the stirring time and initial stirring rate during water bath heating are determined, and the initial stirring rate is adjusted according to the real-time temperature to obtain the aerogel to be dried; the viscosity data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the water bath heating is qualified; when the water bath heating is determined to be qualified, the aerogel to be dried is loaded into a thin sheet mold and placed in a drying chamber for normal pressure drying; when drying at normal pressure, the initial speed of the drying fan is determined according to the arrangement density; the real-time mass data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the initial speed is adjusted.

[0025] The atmospheric pressure drying method is based on a atmospheric pressure drying method and system for silicon-based aerogel disclosed in Chinese patent CN116929005A.

[0026] Embodiment 4: In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the aerogel material prepared in Example 3 was added to the waterproof river sand raw material to prepare aerogel waterproof river sand.

[0027] Embodiment 5: In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, the aerogel material prepared in Example 3 is added to the waterproof quartz sand raw material to prepare aerogel waterproof quartz sand.

[0028] Embodiment 6: In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the aerogel material prepared in Example 3 was added to the desert improver raw material to prepare the aerogel desert improver.

[0029] Embodiment 7: In some embodiments, as Figure 6 As shown, the aerogel material prepared in Example 3 was added to the curing agent raw material to prepare the aerogel curing agent.

[0030] Embodiment 8: In some embodiments, as Figure 7 As shown, the aerogel material prepared in Example 3 was added to the raw material of the waterproofing agent to prepare the aerogel waterproofing agent.

[0031] Comparative Example 1: The difference from Example 3 is that azobisisobutyronitrile is not added; like Figure 1-2 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an aerogel material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: preparing a stabilizer; 105 g of 70% ethanol was stirred at 180 r / min for 22 min to obtain a stabilizer; Step 2: preparing silicon precursor; Industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, passed through a 70-mesh sieve, pickled with a pH 2.5 pickling solution for 2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 48°C to obtain a silicon precursor; Step 3: catalyzing the formation of silica sol; 0.8 g of silicon precursor was added to 0.4 g of concentrated ammonia water, and the mixture was stirred at 170 r / min for 13 min to obtain activated silicon. The activated silicon was added to the stabilizer and catalyzed for 3 h to generate silica sol. Step 4: Modification treatment; First stage freezing modification: the silica sol is stored at -3°C for 30 min and then naturally warmed to room temperature; Second stage freezing modification: The silica sol after first stage freezing modification is stored at -10℃ for 30min and then naturally heated to room temperature; Step 5: Drying at normal pressure to obtain an aerogel material; The silica sol to be dried is sealed and then heated in a water bath, and the mass and real-time temperature of the silica sol to be dried are collected; the stirring time and initial stirring rate during water bath heating are determined, and the initial stirring rate is adjusted according to the real-time temperature to obtain the aerogel to be dried; the viscosity data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the water bath heating is qualified; when the water bath heating is determined to be qualified, the aerogel to be dried is loaded into a thin sheet mold and placed in a drying chamber for normal pressure drying; when drying at normal pressure, the initial speed of the drying fan is determined according to the arrangement density; the real-time mass data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the initial speed is adjusted.

[0032] The atmospheric pressure drying method is based on a atmospheric pressure drying method and system for silicon-based aerogel disclosed in Chinese patent CN116929005A.

[0033] Comparative Example 2: The difference from Example 3 is that the silica sol is not modified; like Figure 1-2 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an aerogel material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: preparing a stabilizer; 1.6 g of azobisisobutyronitrile powder was gradually heated to 13°C to be in a molten state, the molten azobisisobutyronitrile was dissolved in 105 g of 70% ethanol, and stirred at 180 r / min for 22 min to obtain a stabilizer; Step 2: preparing silicon precursor; Industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, passed through a 70-mesh sieve, pickled with a pH 2.5 pickling solution for 2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 48°C to obtain a silicon precursor; Step 3: catalyzing the formation of silica sol; 0.8 g of silicon precursor was added to 0.4 g of concentrated ammonia water, and the mixture was stirred at 170 r / min for 13 min to obtain activated silicon. The activated silicon was added to the stabilizer and catalyzed for 3 h to generate silica sol. Step 4: Drying at normal pressure to obtain an aerogel material; The silica sol to be dried is sealed and then heated in a water bath, and the mass and real-time temperature of the silica sol to be dried are collected; the stirring time and initial stirring rate during water bath heating are determined, and the initial stirring rate is adjusted according to the real-time temperature to obtain the aerogel to be dried; the viscosity data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the water bath heating is qualified; when the water bath heating is determined to be qualified, the aerogel to be dried is loaded into a thin sheet mold and placed in a drying chamber for normal pressure drying; when drying at normal pressure, the initial speed of the drying fan is determined according to the arrangement density; the real-time mass data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the initial speed is adjusted.

[0034] The atmospheric pressure drying method is based on a atmospheric pressure drying method and system for silicon-based aerogel disclosed in Chinese patent CN116929005A.

[0035] Comparative Example 3: The difference from Example 3 is that neither azobisisobutyronitrile is added nor the silica sol is modified; like Figure 1-2 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an aerogel material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: preparing a stabilizer; 105 g of 70% ethanol was stirred at 180 r / min for 22 min to obtain a stabilizer; Step 2: preparing silicon precursor; Industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, passed through a 70-mesh sieve, pickled with a pH 2.5 pickling solution for 2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 48°C to obtain a silicon precursor; Step 3: catalyzing the formation of silica sol; 0.8 g of silicon precursor was added to 0.4 g of concentrated ammonia water, and the mixture was stirred at 170 r / min for 13 min to obtain activated silicon. The activated silicon was added to the stabilizer and catalyzed for 3 h to generate silica sol. Step 4: Drying at normal pressure to obtain an aerogel material; The silica sol to be dried is sealed and then heated in a water bath, and the mass and real-time temperature of the silica sol to be dried are collected; the stirring time and initial stirring rate during water bath heating are determined, and the initial stirring rate is adjusted according to the real-time temperature to obtain the aerogel to be dried; the viscosity data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the water bath heating is qualified; when the water bath heating is determined to be qualified, the aerogel to be dried is loaded into a thin sheet mold and placed in a drying chamber for normal pressure drying; when drying at normal pressure, the initial speed of the drying fan is determined according to the arrangement density; the real-time mass data of the aerogel to be dried is collected to determine whether the initial speed is adjusted.

[0036] The atmospheric pressure drying method is based on a atmospheric pressure drying method and system for silicon-based aerogel disclosed in Chinese patent CN116929005A.

[0037] Experimental Example: The performance of the silicon-based aerogels prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested, and the results are shown in the following table: 1. Thermal conductivity test method at different temperatures: at different temperatures, place 300×300×100mm 3 The sample to be measured is sandwiched between the upper heater and the lower heater with a load of 0.3MPa, and the temperature difference is 20°C. The upper and lower surface temperatures of the sample to be measured are measured while adjusting the one-dimensional heat flow by protecting the heater. Then, the thermal resistance RS of the sample to be measured is calculated by the following formula: RS = N((TU-TL) / Q)-RO; TU represents the upper surface temperature of the measured sample, TL represents the lower surface temperature of the measured sample, RO represents the contact thermal resistance of the upper and lower interfaces, Q represents the output of the heat flow meter; N is the proportionality coefficient, which is obtained in advance using the calibration sample; Thermal conductivity = d / RS.

[0038] 2. The obtained aerogel is gradually cooled or heated, and the appropriate use temperature of the aerogel is obtained by observing the changes in the physical morphology of the aerogel (for example, if it begins to melt and deform above 500°C, the appropriate use temperature is below 500°C).

[0039] 3. Test the waterproofness at different temperatures: Take a sample with a size of 700×700mm and a thickness of 12mm. After the sample is humidified, clamp the sample with a clamp and place it on a support. During the test, the front of the sample faces upward. The length direction of the sample is parallel to the direction of the water flow. Pour 250mL of test water into the funnel quickly and steadily. Continue to spray for 25s-30s. After the spraying stops, immediately remove the clamp with the sample, so that the front of the sample is almost horizontal with the front facing downward, and then gently tap the clamp against a solid hard object. After rotating the clamp 180° horizontally, tap the clamp again. After the tapping is completed, immediately rate the degree of wetting of the front of the sample on the clamp according to the water phenomenon (Grade 4: The surface of the sample is wetted at sporadic spray points; Grade 4-5: The surface of the sample is not wetted, with a small amount of water droplets; Grade 5: There are no water droplets or wetting on the surface of the sample).

[0040]

[0041] It can be seen from the above table that by adding azobisisobutyronitrile, the waterproof performance and thermal insulation performance of aerogel at high temperature are improved, making them almost the same as the waterproof performance and thermal insulation performance at room temperature, that is, the temperature sensitivity of the waterproof performance and thermal insulation performance of aerogel is reduced; the one-stage freezing modification and the two-stage freezing modification treatment of silica sol also play a role in reducing the temperature sensitivity of the waterproof performance and thermal insulation performance of aerogel; in addition, it can be seen from the data of comparative example 3 that azobisisobutyronitrile will be compounded with the frozen modified silica sol, and the combination of the two can not only reduce the temperature sensitivity of the waterproof performance and thermal insulation performance of aerogel, but also improve the waterproof performance and thermal insulation performance at room temperature, and in addition, it also increases the suitable use temperature range.

[0042] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an aerogel material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: preparing a stabilizer; gradually heating azobisisobutyronitrile powder to a molten state, dissolving the molten azobisisobutyronitrile in ethanol, and stirring to obtain a stabilizer; Step 2: preparing a silicon precursor; Industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, pickled with pickling liquid for 1-2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 40-50°C to obtain a silicon precursor; Step 3: catalyzing the formation of silica sol; Add the silicon precursor to concentrated ammonia water, stir for 10-15 minutes to obtain activated silicon, add the activated silicon to the stabilizer, and catalyze for 2-3 hours to generate silica sol; Step 4: Modification treatment; First stage freezing modification: store the silica sol at -5 to -2°C for 25-35 minutes and then naturally warm it to room temperature; Second stage freezing modification: store the silica sol after the first stage freezing modification at -8--10℃ for 25-35min; then naturally heat it to room temperature; Step 5: Drying at normal pressure to obtain the aerogel material.

2. The method for preparing an aerogel material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first step is specifically as follows: gradually heating azobisisobutyronitrile powder to a molten state, dissolving the molten azobisisobutyronitrile in ethanol, and stirring at 150-200 r / min for 20-30 min to obtain a stabilizer.

3. The method for preparing aerogel material according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the mass ratio of azobisisobutyronitrile to ethanol is 1.5-2:100-120.

4. The method for preparing aerogel material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating temperature of azobisisobutyronitrile powder is 110-120°C.

5. The method for preparing aerogel material according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step 2 is as follows: industrial silicon slag whose main component is silicon dioxide is taken, ground into powder, pickled with pickling liquid for 1-2 hours to remove aluminum oxide and alkali, and dried at 40-50° C. to obtain a silicon precursor.

6. The method for preparing aerogel material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The industrial silicon slag powder is sieved through a 50-70 mesh sieve.

7. The method for preparing aerogel material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pH of the pickling solution is 2-3.

8. The method for preparing aerogel material according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step three is as follows: add 0.5-1 parts of silicon precursor to 0.2-0.5 parts of concentrated ammonia water, stir at 150-200 r / min for 10-15 minutes to obtain activated silicon, add the activated silicon to the stabilizer, and catalyze for 2-3 hours to generate silica sol.

9. An aerogel material prepared according to the method for preparing an aerogel material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the aerogel material as claimed in claim 9 in the preparation of waterproof river sand, waterproof quartz sand, desert improver, curing agent and waterproofing agent.

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