Ecological slope protection structure of saline-alkali soil ditch and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a saline-alkali soil ditch ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil treatment. The ecological slope protection structure of the saline-alkali soil ditch comprises the ditch, the ditch is provided with a side slope, a vegetation blanket is laid on the side slope, and the vegetation blanket is fixed through slope protection fixing pieces; the slope protection fixing piece has two structural forms, one is a first fixing piece which is of a cross-shaped structure composed of a vertical bamboo pole and a transverse bamboo pole; the intercepting bamboo pole and the bamboo stick are used in cooperation with the first fixing piece; the second fixing piece is of a structure composed of a hollow outer rod, an inner rod, a barb rod and a pressing rod; the construction method of the ecological slope protection structure of the saline-alkali soil ditch comprises the steps that S1, the slope surface of a side slope is renovated; S2, a vegetation blanket is laid on the slope surface; S3, the vegetation blanket is fixed; S4, the vegetation blanket is maintained; the invention provides a saline-alkali farmland ditch side slope ecological stabilization technology for solving the problems that a saline-alkali side slope is exposed, vegetation is difficult to recover, collapse is prone to occurring and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land management, and in particular to a saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the development of saline-alkali land, ditch irrigation and drainage engineering measures are basic projects. The saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta was formed by the impact of the Yellow River. It is young, the soil structure is not stable enough, the soil is loose, and the consolidation is poor. In addition, the natural recovery time of herbaceous vegetation on the ditch slopes is slow. During this period, the ditch slopes are very easy to collapse due to rainfall erosion and freeze-thaw. Therefore, ditch collapse has always been a key factor affecting the sustainable benefits of land development projects. The prevention and control of ditch slope collapse and ecological restoration have always been major problems in the development and utilization of saline land in the plain area of ​​the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the problem that exposed saline-alkali slopes are difficult to restore vegetation and prone to collapse, which seriously restricts the efficient development and utilization of saline-alkali land and ecological construction, it is urgent to build ecological stabilization technology for saline-alkali farmland ditch slopes. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the present invention proposes a saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is: In the first aspect, the technical solution proposes a saline-alkali ditch ecological slope protection structure, including a ditch, the ditch has a slope, a vegetation blanket is laid on the slope, and the vegetation blanket is fixed by the slope protection fixing member to form a slope fixing system; wherein: the slope protection fixing member adopts the first fixing member or the second fixing member; When the slope protection fixing member is a first fixing member, the first fixing member includes a vertical bamboo pole and a horizontal bamboo pole, the pole body of the vertical bamboo pole is provided with a through hole; the horizontal bamboo pole is provided with a notch, the width of the notch is greater than the diameter of the vertical bamboo pole; the horizontal bamboo pole can freely pass through the through hole, when in use, the horizontal bamboo pole and the vertical bamboo pole form a cross-shaped structure; the notch is engaged with the through hole; When the slope protection fixing piece is a second fixing piece, the second fixing piece includes a hollow outer rod, the interior of the hollow outer rod is a hollow structure; at least one first oblique hole is opened on the circumference of the hollow outer rod, and a barbed rod used as a barb is inserted in the first oblique hole, and the barbed rod has a first bamboo node for achieving blocking and limiting; one end of the barbed rod is inserted into the interior of the hollow outer rod, and the other end is arranged on the outside of the barbed rod; both ends of the barbed rod are oblique, forming a first oblique end and a second oblique end respectively; it also includes an inner rod, the bottom end of the inner rod is also oblique, and when the inner rod is inserted into the internal cavity of the hollow outer rod, the barbed rod is squeezed by the inner rod and extends outward to form a barbed structure.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom end of the vertical bamboo pole has an oblique spike portion.

[0007] Preferably, the horizontal bamboo pole and the vertical bamboo pole are both made of salt- and alkali-resistant bamboo.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes an intercepting bamboo pole used in conjunction with the first fixing piece, the intercepting bamboo pole is arranged between two adjacent groups of first fixing pieces; the intercepting bamboo pole is provided with a plurality of insertion holes arranged at intervals along the length direction, and the two ends of the intercepting bamboo pole can be respectively inserted and connected with the corresponding horizontal bamboo poles on both sides; and the insertion holes are correspondingly inserted with fixing tags.

[0009] Preferably, at least one second inclined hole is opened on the circumference of the hollow outer rod, and the second inclined hole is located above the first inclined hole; a holding rod is inserted in the second inclined hole to achieve holding and fixing of the vegetation blanket, and the holding rod has a second bamboo section to achieve blocking and limiting.

[0010] Preferably, the hollow outer rod is a bamboo pole; and the inner rod is a willow pole.

[0011] In the second aspect, the technical solution proposes a method for constructing a saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure, based on the saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure, comprising the following steps: S1: Repair the slope surface; S2: Laying vegetation blanket on the slope: Lay the vegetation blanket naturally and smoothly on the slope of the saline-alkali land ditch; S3: Fix the vegetation blanket: Use slope fixing parts to fix the vegetation blanket; the specific method is: If the slope protection fixing member used is the first fixing member, the method is as follows: S3-d1: insert the horizontal bamboo poles into the holes of the vertical bamboo poles to form a cross-shaped structure; S3-d2: Use a hammer to hit the vertical bamboo poles. The bottom of the vertical bamboo poles pierce the vegetation blanket and insert into the soil of the slope. Continue to hammer the vertical bamboo poles until the horizontal bamboo poles are pressed on the surface of the vegetation blanket to complete the fixation of the point. S3-d3: repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple first fixing members; If the slope protection fixing member used is the second fixing member, there are two methods: ①The first type: S3-q1: inserting the barbed rod into the first oblique hole to complete the assembly of the barbed rod and the hollow outer rod; S3-q2: hammering the hollow outer rod with the barbed rod so that the hollow outer rod pierces the vegetation blanket and inserts into the soil of the slope, and continuing to hammer until the barbed rod also enters into the soil of the slope; S3-q3: Insert the inner rod into the hollow outer rod, and knock the inner rod downward. The outer wall of the inner rod will squeeze the barb rod, so that the barb rod slides along the first inclined hole in a direction away from the center line of the hollow outer rod. The barb rod is inserted into the soil to form a barb structure, thereby improving the anchoring force. S3-q4: repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple second fixing members; ②The second type: S3-t1: inserting the barbed rod into the first oblique hole to complete the assembly of the barbed rod and the hollow outer rod; S3-t2: hammering the hollow outer rod with the barbed rod so that the hollow outer rod pierces the vegetation blanket and inserts into the soil of the slope, and continuing to hammer until the barbed rod also enters into the soil of the slope; S3-t3: insert the holding rod into the second inclined hole, continue to hammer the hollow outer rod, so that the hollow outer rod drives the holding rod to move downward until the bottom end of the holding rod presses and fixes the vegetation blanket; finally, insert the inner rod into the hollow outer rod, and knock the inner rod downward. The outer wall of the inner rod will squeeze the barbed rod, so that the barbed rod slides along the first inclined hole in a direction away from the center line of the hollow outer rod. The barbed rod is inserted into the soil to form a barbed structure to improve the anchoring force; repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple second fixings; S4: Maintenance of vegetation blanket: After the vegetation blanket is installed, water and maintain it according to the growth needs of the plants.

[0012] Preferably, the method for slope consolidation using the first fixing member in S3 further includes: S3-q5: Install the intercepting bamboo pole between two adjacent first fixing members arranged transversely along the slope surface; during installation, first insert one end of the intercepting bamboo pole into the horizontal bamboo pole on one side, then use the elasticity of the intercepting bamboo pole itself to slightly bend the intercepting bamboo pole, and then smoothly insert the other end of the intercepting bamboo pole into the corresponding horizontal bamboo pole on the other side, completing the plug-in fixation of the two ends of the intercepting bamboo pole with the horizontal bamboo pole; S3-q6: Insert the fixing stick into the insertion hole of the intercepting bamboo pole, and tap the fixing stick until the bottom end of the fixing stick is inserted into the soil of the slope, thereby completing the multi-point fixing of the intercepting bamboo pole; S3-q7: Repeat the above process to complete the installation of other intercepting bamboo poles. The intercepting bamboo poles divide the surface of the vegetation blanket into several small area units.

[0013] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: 1. The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure proposed by the present invention adopts the form of a vegetation blanket + slope protection fixings. There are grass seeds in the vegetation blanket. After the grass seeds grow, a slope protection grass system can be constructed. In conjunction with the "plant anchor rods" formed by the slope protection fixings, an "grass-bamboo-willow" ecological system is constructed to form a complete multiple protection structure, realize vegetation planting, effectively prevent soil erosion, improve the saline-alkali ecological environment, gradually promote the formation of a micro-ecosystem, and then form a solid revetment slope protection structure; at the same time, the operation is simple, the construction is convenient, and the cost is low.

[0014] 2. The slope protection fixings designed by the present invention are made of natural plants, which are rich in resources, easy to use and make, and low in cost. The construction is fast and convenient, and the roots and vegetation are generated by bamboo or willow cuttings to become "plant anchors", which can achieve good slope consolidation and effectively prevent soil and water loss. The plants will grow vigorously in the later period, and the ecological ditch will have stronger anti-scouring ability. While achieving good greening functions, it has played a good soil and water conservation function, is green and environmentally friendly, and has good economic value and ecological value.

[0015] 3. The second fixing part adopts a combination of a hollow outer rod + a barbed rod + a holding rod + an inner rod. The barbed rod can effectively improve the overall tensile and pull-out resistance and is not easy to fall off; the holding rod can realize effective holding and fixing of the vegetation blanket; the overall structure is simple and the resources are rich. It adopts salt-alkali tolerant natural plants. After cuttings and germination, a "bamboo-willow" root system can be constructed. The developed root system of bamboo and willow can form a strong slope fixing structure with a more obvious fixing effect.

[0016] 4. Intercepting bamboo poles are also provided between the first fixing parts. The intercepting bamboo poles can play two roles. First, the intercepting bamboo poles cooperate with the fixing sticks to increase the fixing area of ​​the vegetation blanket and increase the reinforcement force of the vegetation blanket. Second, the intercepting bamboo poles can divide the blanket surface of the vegetation blanket to form a number of small area units arranged laterally. The intercepting bamboo poles can play a certain intercepting role. When it rains heavily, it can slow down the slope runoff, block it layer by layer, and reduce the scouring force on the blanket surface, thereby protecting the blanket surface. In addition, the fixing sticks are made of bamboo sticks or willow sticks. When the bamboo sticks or willow sticks sprout and take root, they can form "plant anchors" to increase the fixation of the soil and effectively prevent collapse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural front view of the first fixing member after assembly.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural stereogram of the first fixing member when it is not assembled.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a wireframe diagram of the first fixing member after assembly.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the second fixing member.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural stereogram of a hollow outer rod, a barbed rod and a holding rod.

[0023] Figure 6 2 is a state diagram of the second fixing member when in use.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the saline-alkali ditch ecological slope protection structure (using the first fixing part).

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of the structure of region E in the middle.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a top view of the first fixing member when used in conjunction with the intercepting bamboo pole.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a structural diagram of a fixed signature.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of the saline-alkali ditch ecological slope protection structure (using the second fixing part).

[0029] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 A magnified view of the structure of the middle F region.

[0030] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vegetation blanket.

[0031] Description of reference numerals: 1. Saline-alkali land; 2. Ditch; a. First fixing piece; a1. Vertical bamboo pole; a2. Horizontal bamboo pole; a11. Spike part; a12. Through hole; a21. Notch; a3. Intercepting bamboo pole; a4. Fixing sign; b. Second fixing piece; b1. Hollow outer pole; b11. First oblique hole; b12. Second oblique hole; b2. Inner pole; b3. Barbed pole; b31. First bamboo joint; b4. Holding pole; b41. Second bamboo joint; c. Vegetation blanket; c1. Solid net; c2. Seed layer; c3. Fiber layer; c4. Nutrient; c5. Bottom net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0036] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment proposes a slope protection fixing member, which is used to act as an anchor. The slope protection fixing member is a first fixing member a, and the structure of the first fixing member a is as follows: The first fixing member a includes a vertical bamboo pole a1 and a horizontal bamboo pole a2. The vertical bamboo pole a1 is provided with a through hole a12. The horizontal bamboo pole a2 is provided with a notch a21, and the width of the notch a21 is greater than the diameter of the vertical bamboo pole a1. The horizontal bamboo pole a2 can freely pass through the through hole a12. When in use, the horizontal bamboo pole a2 and the vertical bamboo pole a1 form a cross structure. The notch a21 is engaged with the through hole a12.

[0037] The first fixing member a is made of bamboo as a whole. The bamboo is salt-alkali resistant, such as red bamboo, iron bamboo and dragon bamboo, which are suitable for planting in saline-alkali land 1. The hole a12 is punched by a drilling device, and the notch a21 is formed by a cutting device, which is simple to process and manufacture. The vertical bamboo pole a1 mainly plays a role in cutting, and the horizontal bamboo pole a2 mainly plays a role in pressing and holding, increasing the pressing and holding area, so as to better fix the blanket surface of the vegetation blanket c.

[0038] In order to be smoothly inserted into the soil, the bottom end of the vertical bamboo pole a1 has an oblique spike portion a11, which can be formed by chopping it obliquely with a knife.

[0039] In this embodiment, the interior of the horizontal bamboo pole a2 is a hollow structure.

[0040] like Fig. 9 - Fig.10 As shown, the present embodiment also includes an intercepting bamboo pole a3 used in conjunction with the first fixing member a, and the intercepting bamboo pole a3 is arranged between two adjacent groups of first fixing members a; the intercepting bamboo pole a3 is provided with a plurality of insertion holes arranged at intervals along the length direction, and the two ends of the intercepting bamboo pole a3 can be respectively inserted and connected with the corresponding horizontal bamboo poles a2 on both sides.

[0041] In order to further improve the stability of the intercepting bamboo pole a3, a fixing stick a4 is correspondingly inserted into the insertion hole of the intercepting bamboo pole a3. In this embodiment, the fixing stick a4 can be made of plants, such as bamboo sticks or willow sticks. The fixing stick a4 has a conical structure with a pointed bottom, which can be well inserted into the soil, and with the large end at the top, the intercepting bamboo pole a3 can be pressed and fixed.

[0042] Embodiment 2: like Figure 4 - Figure 6As shown, this embodiment proposes another slope protection fixing piece, which is used to play the role of an anchor nail. The slope protection fixing piece is a second fixing piece b, which includes a hollow outer rod b1, and the interior of the hollow outer rod b1 is a hollow structure; at least one first oblique hole b11 is opened on the circumference of the hollow outer rod b1, and a barbed rod b3 used as a barb is inserted in the first oblique hole b11, and the barbed rod b3 has a first bamboo node b31 for achieving blocking and limiting; one end of the barbed rod b3 is inserted into the interior of the hollow outer rod b1, and the other end is arranged on the outside of the barbed rod b3; both ends of the barbed rod b3 are oblique, forming a first oblique end and a second oblique end respectively; it also includes an inner rod b2, and the bottom end of the inner rod b2 is also oblique. When the inner rod b2 is inserted into the internal cavity of the hollow outer rod b1, the barbed rod b3 is squeezed by the inner rod b2 and extends outward to form a barbed structure.

[0043] In this embodiment, when in use, the first inclined hole b11 is located in the soil below the vegetation blanket c, and is used to cooperate with the barbed rod b3 to construct a barbed structure to improve the pull-out and tensile resistance.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first bamboo joint b31 provided on the barbed rod b3 is provided at a position close to the left end of the barbed rod b3. The purpose of such provision is that when the barbed rod b3 is inserted into the first oblique hole b11, most of the main body of the barbed rod b3 can be located inside the hollow outer rod b1; in this way, only a small part of the barbed rod b3 is exposed outside, and when the barbed rod b3 follows the hollow outer rod b1 into the soil, the resistance can be reduced. When the barbed rod b3 is squeezed by the inner rod b2, the main body of the barbed rod b3 can be extended from the hollow outer rod b1, stretched to the maximum extent, and a longer barb structure is constructed, which effectively improves the tensile and pull-out resistance. Such a design method ensures that there is little resistance when entering the soil; and after entering the soil, a longer length can be extended to increase the lever arm.

[0045] Embodiment three: Considering that the second fixing member b in the second embodiment has good tensile and pull-out resistance, but has limited pressing and holding ability on the carpet surface, further improvements are made: Continue to refer Figure 4 - Figure 6 The slope protection fixing member proposed in this embodiment is based on the second embodiment, and the second fixing member b also includes the following structure: At least one second inclined hole b12 is formed around the hollow outer rod b1, and the second inclined hole b12 is located above the first inclined hole b11; a holding rod b4 is inserted in the second inclined hole b12 to hold and fix the vegetation blanket c, and the holding rod b4 has a second bamboo node b41 to achieve blocking and limiting.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first inclined hole b11 is oriented obliquely upward, and the second inclined hole b12 is oriented obliquely downward, and the inclination directions of the two are opposite.

[0047] Beneficial effects: The second fixing part b adopts a combination of a hollow outer rod b1 + a barbed rod b3 + a holding rod b4 + an inner rod b2. The barbed rod b3 can effectively improve the overall tensile and pull-out resistance and is not easy to fall off; the holding rod b4 can achieve effective holding and fixation of the vegetation blanket c; the overall structure is simple and the resources are rich. It adopts salt-alkali resistant natural plants. After cuttings and germination, a "bamboo-willow" root system can be constructed. The developed root system of bamboo and willow can be used to form a strong slope fixing structure with a more obvious fixing effect.

[0048] In this embodiment, the holding rod b4 and the barbed rod b3 are both made of suitable bamboo; it should be noted that the second bamboo node b41 on the holding rod b4 is arranged at a position close to the right end of the holding rod b4. The purpose of this arrangement is to shorten the length of the holding rod b4 entering the hollow outer rod b1 as much as possible, and to make most of the main body of the holding rod b4 outside as much as possible, so as to effectively prevent negative interference with the inner rod b2.

[0049] It should be noted that the hollow outer rod b1 is a bamboo pole; the inner rod b2 is a willow pole. The hollow outer rod b1 can be processed and manufactured with salt-alkali tolerant bamboo varieties; for example, in recent years, Liaocheng City has actively carried out bamboo germplasm resource evaluation and improved variety breeding, promoted the construction of northern bamboo germplasm resource bank, and provided high-quality seed sources and technical support for the development of northern bamboo. Actively carry out innovation in introduction and cultivation technology, and through a large number of cold resistance, drought resistance, salt resistance and alkali resistance tests, cracked the technical bottlenecks such as poor adaptability of "Southern Bamboo Northward Migration", and accumulated mature "Southern Bamboo Northward Migration" cultivation technology; Liaocheng City carried out bamboo forest saline-alkali land restoration and management in the saline-alkali waterlogging depression of Dongchang Lake Scenic Area, and successfully cultivated and domesticated salt-alkali tolerant bamboo varieties. The former saline-alkali waterlogging abandoned land has become today's Bamboo Sea Park-Baizhu Garden. The bamboo poles in this embodiment can be selected from the salt-alkali tolerant bamboo varieties in the "Southern Bamboo Northward Migration" technology. The inner pole b2 can be made of salt-alkali resistant willow pole, such as Salt Willow No. 1. Salt Willow No. 1 is a new variety selected from dozens of experimental willow species by Shandong Academy of Forestry in Dongying coastal saline-alkali land 1 after more than ten years of experimental research. This variety comes from the desert shrub Salix tsavorata, which has strong resistance and adaptability, can withstand 0.6% salt and alkali, drought and water resistance, and at the same time inherits the characteristics of Salix tsavorata of drought resistance, barrenness resistance, disease and insect resistance.

[0050] Through the above three embodiments, it can be seen that the slope protection fixings designed by the present invention are made of natural plants, which are rich in resources, easy to use and make, and low in cost; the construction is fast and convenient, and the roots and vegetation are generated by bamboo or willow cuttings to become "plant anchors", which can achieve good slope consolidation and effectively prevent soil and water loss. The plants grow vigorously in the later period, and the ecological ditch has a stronger anti-scouring ability; while achieving good greening functions, it plays a good soil and water conservation function, is green and environmentally friendly, and has good economic value and ecological value.

[0051] Embodiment 4: like Figure 7 - Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment proposes a saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure, including a ditch 2, which is formed by excavating the surface of the saline-alkali land 1. The ditch 2 has a slope, and a vegetation blanket c is laid on the slope. The vegetation blanket c is fixed using the slope protection fixing parts in Example 1, Example 2 or Example 3 to form a slope fixing system.

[0052] Regarding the vegetation blanket c in this embodiment, its structure is as follows: like Fig.13 As shown, the vegetation blanket c includes a solid net c1, a seed layer c2, a fiber layer c3, a nutrient c4 and a bottom net c5, wherein the solid net c1 is located at the top of the vegetation blanket c, the seed layer c2 is arranged below the solid net c1, the fiber layer c3 is arranged below the seed layer c2, the nutrient c4 is arranged below the fiber layer c3, and the bottom net c5 is arranged below the nutrient c4; the bottom net c5 and the solid net c1 have high tensile strength and low elongation, and play a secondary protective role in soil and water conservation and environmental protection.

[0053] The solid net c1 and the bottom net c5 are made of a composite of degradable imported modified polymer materials, which have strong impact resistance and tensile resistance. Depending on different use conditions, the degradation time can reach 1-5 years, which plays an effective role in soil and water conservation and environmental protection.

[0054] The seed layer c2 uses highly salt-tolerant grass seeds, which are attached to special paper after scientific proportioning. The seed layer c2 contains two layers of nutrient paper, with grass seeds sandwiched between the two layers of nutrient paper. The grass seed varieties are selected one or more according to the actual situation. The fiber layer c3 is made of a variety of crop waste and plant fibers. During the degradation process, it continuously provides a variety of nutrients to green plants, regulates the natural temperature of the topsoil, and effectively retains moisture. The nutrient layer c4 uses natural organic fertilizer materials.

[0055] This embodiment also proposes a method for constructing a saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure, based on the saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure, comprising the following steps: S1: Repair the slope surface; S2: Laying vegetation blanket c on the slope: Lay the vegetation blanket c naturally and smoothly on the slope of the ditch 2 of the saline-alkali land 1; S3: Fixing the vegetation blanket c: using slope protection fixing parts to fix the vegetation blanket c; S4: Maintenance of vegetation blanket c: After the vegetation blanket c is installed, water and maintain it according to the growth needs of the plants.

[0056] In this embodiment, there are two specific methods for S3 to fix the vegetation blanket c, which are as follows: If the slope protection fixing member used is the first fixing member a, refer to the attached Figure 7 - Attachment Figure 8 , the method is: S3-d1: insert the horizontal bamboo pole a2 into the through hole a12 of the vertical bamboo pole a1 to form a cross-shaped structure; S3-d2: Use a hammer to hit the vertical bamboo pole a1, and the bottom of the vertical bamboo pole a1 pierces the vegetation blanket c and inserts into the soil of the slope. Continue to hammer the vertical bamboo pole a1 with force until the horizontal bamboo pole a2 is pressed on the surface of the vegetation blanket c, and the point is fixed; S3-d3: Repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple first fixing members a.

[0057] In the above method, refer to the attached Fig. 9 - Attachment Fig.10 The method for slope consolidation using the first fixing member a in S3 further includes: S3-q5: Install the intercepting bamboo pole a3 between two adjacent first fixing members a arranged transversely along the slope surface; during installation, first insert one end of the intercepting bamboo pole a3 into the horizontal bamboo pole a2 on one side, then use the elasticity of the intercepting bamboo pole a3 itself to slightly bend the intercepting bamboo pole a3, and then smoothly insert the other end of the intercepting bamboo pole a3 into the corresponding horizontal bamboo pole a2 on the other side, completing the plug-in fixation of the two ends of the intercepting bamboo pole a3 with the horizontal bamboo pole a2; S3-q6: insert the fixing sign a4 into the insertion hole of the intercepting bamboo pole a3, and knock the fixing sign a4 until the bottom end of the fixing sign a4 is inserted into the soil of the slope, thereby completing the multi-point fixing of the intercepting bamboo pole a3; S3-q7: Repeat the above process to complete the installation of other intercepting bamboo poles a3. The intercepting bamboo poles a3 divide the surface of the vegetation blanket c into several small area units.

[0058] The principle of this arrangement is: an intercepting bamboo pole a3 is provided between the first fixing parts a, and the intercepting bamboo pole a3 can play two roles. First, the intercepting bamboo pole a3 cooperates with the fixing sticks a4 to increase the fixing area of ​​the vegetation blanket c and increase the reinforcement force of the vegetation blanket c; second, the intercepting bamboo pole a3 can divide the blanket surface of the vegetation blanket c to form a number of small area units arranged laterally. The intercepting bamboo pole a3 can play a certain intercepting role. When it rains heavily, it can slow down the slope runoff, block it layer by layer, and reduce the scouring force on the blanket surface, thereby protecting the blanket surface; in addition, the fixed sticks a4 are made of bamboo sticks or willow sticks. When the bamboo sticks or willow sticks sprout and take root, they can form "plant anchors" to increase the fixation of the soil and effectively prevent collapse.

[0059] If the slope protection fixing member used is the second fixing member b, it has two different methods, such as Fig.11 - Fig.12 As shown: ①The first type: S3-q1: insert the barbed rod b3 into the first inclined hole b11 to complete the assembly of the barbed rod b3 and the hollow outer rod b1; S3-q2: hammering the hollow outer rod b1 with the barbed rod b3, so that the hollow outer rod b1 pierces the vegetation blanket c and inserts into the soil of the slope, and continues hammering until the barbed rod b3 also enters into the soil of the slope; S3-q3: insert the inner rod b2 into the hollow outer rod b1, and knock the inner rod b2 downward. The outer wall of the inner rod b2 will squeeze the barbed rod b3, so that the barbed rod b3 slides along the first inclined hole b11 in a direction away from the center line of the hollow outer rod b1. The barbed rod b3 is inserted into the soil to form a barbed structure to improve the anchoring force; S3-q4: repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple second fixing members b; ②The second type: S3-t1: inserting the barbed rod b3 into the first inclined hole b11 to complete the assembly of the barbed rod b3 and the hollow outer rod b1; S3-t2: hammering the hollow outer rod b1 with the barbed rod b3, so that the hollow outer rod b1 pierces the vegetation blanket c and inserts into the soil of the slope, and continues hammering until the barbed rod b3 also enters into the soil of the slope; S3-t3: Insert the holding rod b4 into the second inclined hole b12, and continue to hammer the hollow outer rod b1, so that the hollow outer rod b1 drives the holding rod b4 to move downward until the bottom end of the holding rod b4 presses and fixes the vegetation blanket c; finally, insert the inner rod b2 into the hollow outer rod b1, and knock the inner rod b2 downward. The outer wall of the inner rod b2 will squeeze the barbed rod b3, so that the barbed rod b3 slides along the first inclined hole b11 in the direction away from the center line of the hollow outer rod b1, and the barbed rod b3 is inserted into the soil to form a barbed structure to increase the anchoring force; repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple second fixings b.

[0060] Through the above method, we can see that: The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure proposed by the present invention adopts the form of a vegetation blanket c + slope protection fixings. There are grass seeds in the vegetation blanket c. A slope protection grass system can be constructed after the grass seeds grow. In combination with the "plant anchor rods" formed by the slope protection fixings, an ecological system of "grass-bamboo-willow" is constructed to form a complete multiple protection structure, realize vegetation planting, effectively prevent soil erosion, improve the saline-alkali ecological environment, gradually promote the formation of a micro-ecosystem, and then form a solid revetment slope protection structure; at the same time, the operation is simple, the construction is convenient, and the cost is low.

[0061] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the invention in conjunction with the drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure is characterized by: The invention comprises a ditch (2), wherein the ditch (2) has a side slope, a vegetation blanket (c) is laid on the side slope, and the vegetation blanket (c) is fixed by using a slope protection fixing piece to form a slope fixing system; wherein: the slope protection fixing piece is a first fixing piece or a second fixing piece; When the slope protection fixing member is a first fixing member (a), the first fixing member (a) comprises a vertical bamboo pole (a1) and a horizontal bamboo pole (a2), the pole body of the vertical bamboo pole (a1) is provided with a through hole (a12); the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) is provided with a notch (a21), the width of the notch (a21) is greater than the diameter of the vertical bamboo pole (a1); the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) can freely pass through the through hole (a12), and when in use, the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) and the vertical bamboo pole (a1) form a cross-shaped structure; the notch (a21) is engaged with the through hole (a12); When the slope protection fixing member is a second fixing member (b), the second fixing member (b) comprises a hollow outer rod (b1), the interior of the hollow outer rod (b1) is a hollow structure; at least one first oblique hole (b11) is opened on the circumference of the hollow outer rod (b1), a barbed rod (b3) used as a barb is inserted in the first oblique hole (b11), and the barbed rod (b3) has a first bamboo joint (b31) for achieving blocking and limiting; one end of the barbed rod (b3) is inserted into the interior of the hollow outer rod (b1), and the other end is arranged outside the barbed rod (b3); both ends of the barbed rod (b3) are oblique, forming a first oblique end and a second oblique end respectively; and the inner rod (b2) is also included, the bottom end of the inner rod (b2) is also oblique, when the inner rod (b2) is inserted into the internal cavity of the hollow outer rod (b1), the barbed rod (b3) is squeezed by the inner rod (b2), extends outward, and forms a barbed structure.

2. The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom end of the vertical bamboo pole (a1) is provided with an oblique spike portion (a11).

3. The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal bamboo pole (a2) and the vertical bamboo pole (a1) are both made of salt- and alkali-resistant bamboo.

4. The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​used in conjunction with the first fixing member (a), the intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​being arranged between two adjacent groups of first fixing members (a); the intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​is provided with a plurality of insertion holes arranged at intervals along the length direction, and the two ends of the intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​can be respectively inserted and connected with the corresponding horizontal bamboo poles (a2) on both sides; and the fixing hooks (a4) are correspondingly inserted into the insertion holes.

5. The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: At least one second inclined hole (b12) is formed on the circumference of the hollow outer rod (b1), and the second inclined hole (b12) is located above the first inclined hole (b11); a holding rod (b4) is inserted into the second inclined hole (b12) for holding and fixing the vegetation blanket (c), and the holding rod (b4) has a second bamboo node (b41) for blocking and limiting.

6. The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hollow outer rod (b1) is a bamboo rod; the inner rod (b2) is a willow wood rod.

7. A method for constructing a saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure, characterized in that: The saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: S1: Repair the slope surface; S2: Laying a vegetation blanket (c) on the slope: Lay the vegetation blanket (c) naturally and smoothly on the slope of the ditch (2) in the saline-alkali land (1); S3: Fixing the vegetation blanket (c): Use slope fixing parts to fix the vegetation blanket (c); the specific method is: If the slope protection fixing member used is the first fixing member (a), the method is as follows: S3-d1: insert the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) into the hole (a12) of the vertical bamboo pole (a1) to form a cross-shaped structure; S3-d2: Use a hammer to hit the vertical bamboo pole (a1), so that the bottom of the vertical bamboo pole (a1) pierces the vegetation blanket (c) and is inserted into the soil of the slope. Continue to hammer the vertical bamboo pole (a1) with force until the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) is pressed on the surface of the vegetation blanket (c), thus completing the fixation of the point. S3-d3: repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple first fixing members (a); If the slope protection fixing member used is the second fixing member (b), there are two methods: ①The first type: S3-q1: inserting the barbed rod (b3) into the first inclined hole (b11) to complete the assembly of the barbed rod (b3) and the hollow outer rod (b1); S3-q2: hammering the hollow outer rod (b1) with the barbed rod (b3) so that the hollow outer rod (b1) pierces the vegetation blanket (c) and is inserted into the soil of the slope, and continuing to hammer until the barbed rod (b3) also enters the soil of the slope; S3-q3: insert the inner rod (b2) into the hollow outer rod (b1), and knock the inner rod (b2) downwards. The outer wall of the inner rod (b2) will squeeze the barbed rod (b3), so that the barbed rod (b3) slides along the first inclined hole (b11) in a direction away from the center line of the hollow outer rod (b1). The barbed rod (b3) is inserted into the soil to form a barbed structure, thereby improving the anchoring force. S3-q4: repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple second fixing members (b); ②The second type: S3-t1: inserting the barbed rod (b3) into the first inclined hole (b11) to complete the assembly of the barbed rod (b3) and the hollow outer rod (b1); S3-t2: hammering the hollow outer rod (b1) with the barbed rod (b3) so that the hollow outer rod (b1) pierces the vegetation blanket (c) and is inserted into the soil of the slope, and continuing to hammer until the barbed rod (b3) also enters the soil of the slope; S3-t3: insert the holding rod (b4) into the second inclined hole (b12), and continue to hammer the hollow outer rod (b1), so that the hollow outer rod (b1) drives the holding rod (b4) to move downward until the bottom end of the holding rod (b4) holds and fixes the vegetation blanket (c); finally, insert the inner rod (b2) into the hollow outer rod (b1), and knock the inner rod (b2) downward, so that the outer wall of the inner rod (b2) squeezes the barbed rod (b3), so that the barbed rod (b3) slides along the first inclined hole (b11) in a direction away from the center line of the hollow outer rod (b1), and the barbed rod (b3) is inserted into the soil to form a barbed structure to improve the anchoring force; repeat the above process to complete the installation of multiple second fixing members (b); S4: Maintenance of vegetation blanket (c): After the vegetation blanket (c) is installed, water and maintain it according to the growth needs of the plants.

8. The method for constructing a saline-alkali land ditch ecological slope protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for slope consolidation using the first fixing member (a) in S3 further includes: S3-q5: Install the intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​between two adjacent first fixing members (a) arranged transversely along the slope surface; during installation, first insert one end of the intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​into the horizontal bamboo pole (a2) on one side, then use the elasticity of the intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​to slightly bend the intercepting bamboo pole (a3), and then smoothly insert the other end of the intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​into the corresponding horizontal bamboo pole (a2) on the other side, thereby completing the plug-in fixation of the two ends of the intercepting bamboo pole (a3) ​​and the horizontal bamboo pole (a2); S3-q6: insert the fixing stick (a4) into the insertion hole of the intercepting bamboo pole (a3), and knock the fixing stick (a4) until the bottom end of the fixing stick (a4) is inserted into the soil of the slope, thereby completing the multi-point fixing of the intercepting bamboo pole (a3); S3-q7: Repeat the above process to complete the installation of other intercepting bamboo poles (a3), and the intercepting bamboo poles (a3) ​​divide the surface of the vegetation blanket (c) into several small area units.

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