Organic saline-alkali soil and treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive treatment of saline-alkali soil, and discloses an organism saline-alkali soil and a treatment method.The organism saline-alkali soil comprises a bed rock, a courtyard and a scale rod, a backflow pipeline is fixed in a channel, a filter screen is fixed to the top of the backflow pipeline, and side soil and a blocking frame are arranged at the top of the bed rock; mother rock, lower-layer soil, a leaching layer, surface-layer soil and an organic layer are arranged in the blocking frame, the mother rock is arranged on the base rock in an overlapping mode, the lower-layer soil is arranged on the mother rock in an overlapping mode, the leaching layer is arranged on the lower-layer soil in an overlapping mode, the surface-layer soil is arranged on the leaching layer in an overlapping mode, and the organic layer is arranged on the surface-layer soil in an overlapping mode. According to the organic saline-alkali soil, the liquid storage tank plays a role in collecting lost liquid fertilizer, the fertilizer in the liquid storage tank can be pumped by the pump after the flip cover is opened, recycling is facilitated, and in the process of collecting the fertilizer by using the liquid storage tank, the floating bag floats upwards, the scale rod moves upwards, and the storage condition of the fertilizer can be known by observing scales on the scale rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive treatment of saline-alkali land, in particular to an organic saline-alkali land and a treatment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of salt ions such as Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Cl-, CO32-, HCO3-, etc. are gathered in saline-alkali soil. These ions are redistributed in the horizontal or vertical direction of the soil, causing salt to gradually accumulate on the soil surface. The soil gradually becomes compacted or sticky, and the soil porosity becomes smaller. The air permeability and water permeability become worse and worse, affecting the growth, abundance, and metabolism of functional microorganisms in the soil, as well as the activity of enzymes such as soil conversion enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and urease, reducing the conversion rate of soil organic matter, affecting the crop's acquisition of nutrients in the soil and physiological activities such as metabolism, and affecting the normal growth of plants.

[0003] With the help of soil organic reconstruction theory and technology, the organic process is driven or the inorganic process is promoted through the organic process. Research is conducted on the materials, structure and biological nutrition that constitute the soil. The saline-alkali soil structure is reconstructed by replacement, compounding, increase and decrease and other technical means, the land quality is improved, the soil environment is improved, and the saline-alkali soil with no life characteristics and poor condition is transformed into a fertile soil with life characteristics and suitable for the survival and reproduction of life.

[0004] The research on soil organic reconstruction materials is to apply natural materials such as soil, organic matter, and artificial synthetic materials such as polymers to the organic reconstruction of soil as the material composition of the soil, adjust the mechanical composition of the soil, determine the thickness of the composite soil layer, optimize the soil profile configuration, improve the physical properties of the soil, analyze and study the particle composition, water holding characteristics, nutrient supply characteristics, etc. of natural soil-forming materials and artificial synthetic materials, carry out soil-forming application research of different materials, break through the soil source limitation factors, in order to improve the land that is inefficiently used, irrationally used, unused, and damaged by production and construction activities and natural disasters, and improve land use efficiency.

[0005] In the process of comprehensive management and fertilization of organic saline-alkali land, water and fertilizer loss will occur, which will cause unnecessary waste. The lost water and fertilizer are difficult to collect and recycle. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an organic saline-alkali land and a method for its management, so as to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that water and fertilizer will be lost during the comprehensive management and fertilization of organic saline-alkali land, which will cause unnecessary waste and the lost water and fertilizer are difficult to collect and recycle.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an organic saline-alkali land and a treatment method, comprising a bedrock, a skylight and a graduated rod, a liquid storage tank is fixed in the bedrock, channels are opened in the bedrock at equal intervals, the ends of the channels are connected with the liquid storage tank, a return pipe is fixed in the channel, a filter is fixed on the top of the return pipe, side soil and a retaining frame are arranged on the top of the bedrock, parent rock, subsoil, eluvial layer, topsoil and organic layer are arranged in the retaining frame, the parent rock is laid on the bedrock, the subsoil is laid on the parent rock, the eluvial layer is laid on the subsoil, the topsoil is laid on the eluvial layer, and the organic layer is laid on the topsoil.

[0008] Preferably, the patio penetrates the side soil and is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the top of the patio is rotatably connected with a flap.

[0009] Preferably, the scale rod passes through the side soil and the top of the liquid storage tank and is connected to the float bag.

[0010] Preferably, degradable screens are provided between the parent rock and the lower soil layer, between the lower soil layer and the eluvial layer, between the eluvial layer and the surface soil layer, and between the eluvial layer and the organic layer.

[0011] A method for treating organic saline-alkali land, comprising the following methods:

[0012] Organic reconstruction includes physical reconstruction of soil, chemical reconstruction of soil and biological reconstruction of soil. Soil particle reconstruction mainly includes soil conservation and soil improvement. There are three specific methods of chemical reconstruction: one is the application of desulfurized gypsum, the second is the application of biological organic fertilizer, and the third is the application of physiological acid fertilizer. There are two specific methods of biological reconstruction of soil: one is to apply a certain amount of green manure, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer to improve the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the soil, supplement the organic matter and nutrients of crop growth, and make it grow faster; the second is to put beneficial microorganisms and biological agents into the soil according to the environmental conditions of the soil to form a virtuous circle.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the organic saline-alkali land,

[0014] 1. The comprehensive management method of saline-alkali land based on organic reconstruction of soil can achieve the purpose of recovering lost fertilizers. The liquid storage tank collects the lost liquid fertilizers. After opening the flip cover, the fertilizer in the liquid storage tank can be extracted by a pump for easy recycling. In the process of collecting fertilizers in the liquid storage tank, the float bag floats up and the scale rod moves up. The storage situation of the fertilizer can be understood by observing the scale on the scale rod.

[0015] 2. The comprehensive management method of saline-alkali land based on soil organic reconstruction can achieve the purpose of soil organic reconstruction. Soil organic reconstruction includes soil physical reconstruction, soil chemical reconstruction and soil biological reconstruction. Soil particle reconstruction mainly includes soil conservation and soil improvement. The focus of chemical reconstruction is to apply soil conditioners to reduce or eliminate soil salinity and alkali. The purpose of soil biological reconstruction is to further improve soil quality, improve soil microstructure and form a good soil ecological environment on the basis of soil chemical reconstruction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional appearance structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. bedrock; 2. liquid storage tank; 3. channel; 4. return pipe; 5. filter screen; 6. side soil; 7. retaining frame; 8. parent rock; 9. subsoil; 10. eluvial layer; 11. topsoil; 12. organic layer; 13. degradable screen; 14. patio; 15. flap; 16. float; 17. graduation rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: an organic saline-alkali land, comprising a bedrock 1, a skylight 14 and a graduated rod 17, a liquid storage tank 2 is fixed in the bedrock 1, channels 3 are opened in the bedrock 1 at equal intervals, the ends of the channels 3 are connected with the liquid storage tank 2, a return pipe 4 is fixed in the channel 3, a filter screen 5 is fixed on the top of the return pipe 4, a side soil 6 and a retaining frame 7 are arranged on the top of the bedrock 1, a parent rock 8, a subsoil 9, an eluvial layer 10, a topsoil 11 and an organic layer 12 are arranged in the retaining frame 7, the parent rock 8 is placed on the bedrock 1, the subsoil 9 is placed on the parent rock 8, the eluvial layer 10 is placed on the subsoil 9, the topsoil 11 is placed on the eluvial layer 10, and the organic layer 12 is placed on the topsoil 11.

[0022] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and 3As shown, the patio 14 penetrates the side soil 6 and is connected to the liquid reservoir 2, and a flap 15 is rotatably connected to the top of the patio 14. The liquid reservoir 2 collects the lost fertilizer. After opening the flap 15, the fertilizer in the liquid reservoir 2 can be pumped out.

[0023] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the scale rod 17 passes through the side soil 6 and the top of the liquid reservoir 2 and is connected to the float 16. The liquid reservoir 2 collects the lost fertilizer. As the amount of fertilizer collected increases, the float 16 floats up and the scale rod 17 moves upward accordingly. The amount of fertilizer collected can be understood by observing the scale on the scale rod 17.

[0024] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, degradable partitions 13 are arranged between the parent rock 8 and the lower soil 9, between the lower soil 9 and the eluvial layer 10, between the eluvial layer 10 and the topsoil 11, and between the eluvial layer 10 and the organic layer 12. The degradable partitions 13 can play a separating role to avoid mixing of the upper and lower layers due to subsidence during the paving process.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for treating organic saline-alkali land is provided, comprising the following method:

[0026] Organic reconstruction includes physical reconstruction of soil, chemical reconstruction of soil and biological reconstruction of soil. Soil particle reconstruction mainly includes soil conservation and soil improvement. There are three specific methods of chemical reconstruction: one is the application of desulfurized gypsum, the second is the application of biological organic fertilizer, and the third is the application of physiological acid fertilizer. There are two specific methods of biological reconstruction of soil: one is to apply a certain amount of green manure, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer to improve the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the soil, supplement the organic matter and nutrients of crop growth, and make it grow faster; the second is to put beneficial microorganisms and biological agents into the soil according to the environmental conditions of the soil to form a virtuous circle.

[0027] The working principle of the device is as follows: the entire soil is composed of bedrock 1, parent rock 8, subsoil 9, eluvial layer 10, topsoil 11 and organic layer 12 from bottom to top. In the process of fertilizing the device, the lost liquid fertilizer can flow into the liquid storage tank 2 through the return pipe 4. As the amount of fertilizer stored increases, the float 16 floats up and the scale rod 17 moves up. By observing the scale on the scale rod 17, the storage amount of fertilizer in the liquid storage tank 2 can be understood. After opening the flip cover 15, the pump can be passed through the patio 14 and extended into the liquid storage tank 2. To extract fertilizers for easy recycling, soil organic reconstruction includes soil physical reconstruction, soil chemical reconstruction and soil biological reconstruction. Generally speaking, soil particle reconstruction and soil profile reconstruction are carried out simultaneously. Land engineering should be adapted to local conditions, take advantage of the situation, and apply land engineering technology to transform and improve the soil profile configuration, stably adjust its fertility and stability under farming conditions, so that the formation of the entire soil profile level develops in a favorable direction. Soil particle reconstruction mainly includes soil conservation and soil improvement. Among them, soil conservation generally adopts engineering technology or biological improvement measures to ensure that the loss of soil is within a certain threshold. Controlling the loss of soil is a prerequisite for soil improvement. The purpose of soil improvement is to optimize the particle grading of the soil, change the three-phase composition of the soil, and then increase the organic matter and nutrient content of the soil, stabilize the body structure, improve soil properties, and improve soil fertility. It aims at the reconstruction of the particles and structure of degraded soil, mainly targeting poor arable land, sandy, clay, plate, thin and gravel-rich soils. Different technical measures are adopted to create a loose topsoil layer, an intermediate nutrient layer and a compact bottom layer for supporting water and fertilizer. The specific improvement measures include: backfilling with imported soil, filling with sand, leveling the land, building irrigation and drainage channels, draining water and washing salt, etc. For alkaline soils, the focus of chemical reconstruction is to apply soil conditioners to reduce or eliminate soil salt and alkali. The principle is mainly to use the ion adsorption exchange effect of colloids and acid-base neutralization reactions. There are four specific methods. The first is to apply desulfurized gypsum, the second is to apply biological organic fertilizer, and the third is to apply physiological acid fertilizer. The purpose of soil biological reconstruction is to further improve soil quality, improve soil microstructure, and form a good soil ecological environment on the basis of soil chemical reconstruction. One is to apply a certain amount of green manure, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer to improve soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, supplement crop growth organic matter and its nutrients, and make it grow faster; the second is to put beneficial microorganisms and biological agents into the soil according to the environmental conditions of the soil to form a virtuous circle, and the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the existing technology known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0028] In summary, the comprehensive management method of saline-alkali land based on organic reconstruction of soil achieves the purpose of recovering lost fertilizer and organic reconstruction of soil, and meets people's needs.

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Technical personnel in this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

[0030] The directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the protection content of the present invention.

[0031] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic saline-alkali land, comprising bedrock (1), a patio (14) and a graduated rod (17), characterized in that: A liquid storage tank (2) is fixed in the bedrock (1), channels (3) are opened in the bedrock (1) at equal intervals, the ends of the channels (3) are connected to the liquid storage tank (2), a return pipe (4) is fixed in the channel (3), a filter screen (5) is fixed on the top of the return pipe (4), side soil (6) and a retaining frame (7) are arranged on the top of the bedrock (1), and parent rock (8), lower soil (9), eluvial layer (10), topsoil (11) and organic layer (12) are arranged in the retaining frame (7), the parent rock (8) is placed on the bedrock (1), the lower soil (9) is placed on the parent rock (8), the eluvial layer (10) is placed on the lower soil (9), the topsoil (11) is placed on the eluvial layer (10), and the organic layer (12) is placed on the topsoil (11).

2. The organic saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skylight (14) penetrates the side soil (6) and is connected to the liquid storage tank (2), and the top of the skylight (14) is rotatably connected to a flap (15).

3. The organic saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scale rod (17) passes through the side soil (6) and the top of the liquid storage tank (2) and is connected to the floating bag (16).

4. The organic saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: Degradable partitions (13) are provided between the parent rock (8) and the lower soil (9), between the lower soil (9) and the eluvial layer (10), between the eluvial layer (10) and the surface soil (11), and between the eluvial layer (10) and the organic layer (12).

5. A method for treating organic saline-alkali land, applied to an organic saline-alkali land according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following methods are included: Organic reconstruction includes physical reconstruction of soil, chemical reconstruction of soil and biological reconstruction of soil. Soil particle reconstruction mainly includes soil conservation and soil improvement. There are three specific methods of chemical reconstruction: one is the application of desulfurized gypsum, the second is the application of biological organic fertilizer, and the third is the application of physiological acid fertilizer. There are two specific methods of biological reconstruction of soil: one is to apply a certain amount of green manure, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer to improve the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the soil, supplement the organic matter and nutrients of crop growth, and make it grow faster; the second is to put beneficial microorganisms and biological agents into the soil according to the environmental conditions of the soil to form a virtuous circle.

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