Alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses an alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor which comprises a reactor outer cylinder, a reactor inner cylinder, a central electrode, a high-voltage electrode lead and a low-voltage electrode lead, the reactor outer cylinder is provided with a heat source; the upper part and the lower part of the reactor inner cylinder are arranged in the reactor outer cylinder through a first flange, the upper part and the lower part of the reactor outer cylinder are also provided with a second flange on the outer side of the first flange, and a first insulating space is formed between the first flange and the second flange; an insulating coating is sprayed outside the reactor inner cylinder, and a second insulating space is formed between the reactor inner cylinder and the reactor outer cylinder; and a magnetic catalyst accommodating space is formed in the reactor inner cylinder. In the invention, an electromagnetic field generated by the central electrode and the reactor inner cylinder generates a magnetization effect on a catalyst to enhance the magnetic field intensity and generates a polarization effect on reactant molecules of raw material reaction gas, and under the influence of a specific frequency, adsorption of a reversible reaction reactant and desorption of a product are accelerated, and the reaction rate is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of renewable energy utilization, and in particular to an alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor. Background Art

[0002] Global warming has had a serious impact on human society and ecosystems. Greenhouse gas emissions are one of the main factors. Climate change has led to increased extreme weather, rising sea levels, loss of biodiversity, and other issues, and has also brought huge challenges in food security, water resources, energy supply and human health. Achieving the dual carbon goals will cause climate change, protect the ecological environment and the need for human well-being. The international community generally recognizes the importance of addressing climate change and has reached a consensus under international climate frameworks such as the Paris Agreement. Most countries and regions have set goals to reduce carbon emissions and pledged to achieve net zero emissions or carbon neutrality in the coming decades. Therefore, achieving the dual carbon goals has become urgent. Traditional energy models, such as the use of fossil fuels, have a serious impact on the environment and climate. Dependence on fossil fuels will lead to energy security issues, environmental pollution problems, and the problem of depletion due to over-exploitation of resources. Turning to renewable energy and low-carbon energy, such as solar energy, wind energy and nuclear energy, is the future direction of sustainable energy development. Achieving the dual carbon goals requires accelerating energy transformation, reducing dependence on fossil fuels, and promoting the development and utilization of renewable energy.

[0003] Renewable energy, such as solar energy and wind energy, does not produce or produces only a very small amount of greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, traditional fossil fuel power generation will produce a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating climate change. By developing renewable energy, greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced and the impact of climate change on the environment and human society can be weakened. The development of renewable energy can reduce dependence on limited resources and achieve sustainable energy development. The traditional energy model is more dependent on imported fossil fuels, which may lead to instability in energy supply and national energy security risks. The development of renewable energy can reduce dependence on imported energy, improve the stability of energy supply and national energy security. In addition, the use of renewable energy can reduce dependence on a single energy source and improve the impact resistance of the energy system. Traditional fossil fuel power generation will produce a large amount of air pollutants and water pollutants, posing a threat to ecosystems and human health. Renewable power generation energy emits almost no greenhouse gases, has less impact on the environment and ecosystems, and is conducive to protecting the natural environment and biodiversity.

[0004] Green hydrogen energy storage refers to the use of renewable energy (such as solar and wind energy) to produce green hydrogen through the electrolysis of water. Energy is stored for use when needed. Green hydrogen has the potential to become an important technology for the storage and conversion of clean energy, but hydrogen has the characteristics of low density and difficulty in liquefaction. Hydrogen is a gas at room temperature with a density of only 0.0899g / L. It takes -252.7°C to liquefy at normal pressure. These factors lead to low efficiency in the transportation of hydrogen. In addition, the hydrogen molecules are extremely small, which will lead to the occurrence of hydrogen embrittlement. The so-called hydrogen embrittlement refers to the extremely small radius of hydrogen molecules, which causes hydrogen to overflow from the container through micropores under high pressure or react with metal containers, reducing the strength of the material and causing cracking, that is, hydrogen embrittlement. Therefore, the storage of hydrogen has very high requirements on materials, which also restricts the development of hydrogen storage and transportation.

[0005] In recent years, hydrogen-containing compounds such as green ammonia and green methanol have received more attention. Compared with the harsh conditions of 700 bar high-pressure compression or -253 ° C liquefaction of hydrogen energy storage, ammonia can be liquefied under mild conditions of 10 bar, 20 ° C or 1 bar, -33 ° C. Ammonia has an extremely high volumetric energy storage density. Ammonia generates nitrogen and water during combustion, and nitrogen and water can directly enter the natural circulation system without human intervention. Ammonia is also the raw material for nitrogen fertilizer and has an extremely important impact on global agriculture. In the past 100 years, the traditional synthetic ammonia industry has developed well. Humans have mastered the technology of synthetic ammonia and the safe use of liquid ammonia, and have established complete liquid ammonia storage and transportation facilities around the world. In addition, ammonia has a high autoignition temperature and a narrow explosion limit, and is an intrinsically safe energy storage carrier. Therefore, ammonia is regarded as the ultimate energy source of the future.

[0006] Methanol is both an important chemical raw material and a fuel. According to its chemical properties, it has the function of an energy carrier. Methanol can also produce hydrogen through catalytic cracking reactions. Therefore, it can also be used as a carrier of hydrogen energy to promote the storage, transportation and application of hydrogen energy. As an energy carrier, methanol can serve as a clean energy source. Secondly, the technology of synthesizing methanol from hydrogen and storing and transporting methanol is mature, and methanol is easier to store and transport. The technology of producing hydrogen through catalytic reforming of methanol is mature, which can realize the reversible transformation between hydrogen and methanol, and can promote the storage and transportation of hydrogen. Finally, methanol has a fast combustion speed, low ignition energy, and good combustion stability, and is a high-quality fuel.

[0007] Traditional synthetic ammonia and synthetic methanol are harsh reactions with high energy consumption, high temperature and high pressure. The traditional synthetic ammonia process is called the Haber-Bosch process, which is achieved by reacting hydrogen prepared from fossil fuels with nitrogen separated from the air. The basic reaction principle is N2+3H2=2NH3, and the reaction is carried out at 500°C and 20-30MPa of atmospheric pressure. It is a high-energy, high-carbon emission process, consuming 1% of the world's energy and emitting 2% of the world's carbon dioxide. Traditional methanol production is the reaction of fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas with water and oxygen to obtain synthesis gas raw materials (carbon oxides and hydrogen). It is divided into low-pressure method, medium-pressure method and high-pressure method. The reaction pressure ranges from 5MPa to 30MPa, and the temperature reaches 300-500°C. It takes about 3 tons of carbon dioxide to synthesize 1 ton of methanol, which is also a high-energy, high-carbon emission process.

[0008] Therefore, the development of green ammonia and green methanol production under mild conditions has important practical significance. The low temperature and low pressure operating conditions can better combine with the volatility and intermittency of renewable energy. There are certain safety risks in chemical synthesis under high temperature and high pressure conditions, because high pressure and high temperature will increase the operating pressure and temperature of the equipment, while the low temperature and low pressure catalytic synthesis of ammonia can reduce these risks and improve the safety of the reaction. In addition, the mild catalytic method can achieve high selectivity and high activity catalysis for specific reactions by designing new low temperature and low pressure catalysts or improving the structure and performance of existing catalysts, which helps to improve the efficiency of the reaction and the purity of the product, as well as reduce the occurrence of side reactions. Mild catalysis has lower investment costs, relatively simple reaction device design and shorter response time, which is very important for industrial application and economy. By reducing production costs and improving production efficiency, it can promote the practical application and commercialization of new types of catalysts.

[0009] Recently, it has been found that the introduction of high-voltage and high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field catalysis in the above reaction can greatly reduce the temperature and pressure required for the reaction. This makes the reaction conditions milder and better matches clean energy. However, during the design process, it was found that the introduction of an electric field in the metal reactor also brought about the problem of metal reactor insulation. Therefore, the reasonable design of the reactor is crucial to the insulation and airtightness problems. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor.

[0011] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0012] In a first aspect of the present invention, an alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor is provided, comprising a reactor outer cylinder, a reactor inner cylinder, a central electrode, a high voltage electrode lead wire and a low voltage electrode lead wire;

[0013] The outer cylinder of the reactor is provided with a heat source;

[0014] The upper and lower parts of the reactor inner cylinder are installed inside the reactor outer cylinder through the first flange, and the upper and lower parts of the reactor outer cylinder are also provided with a second flange outside the first flange, and a first insulating space is formed between the first flange and the second flange; the outer part of the reactor inner cylinder is sprayed with an insulating coating, and a second insulating space is formed between the reactor outer cylinder; a magnetic catalyst accommodating space is formed inside the reactor inner cylinder; the first flange is located inside the reactor inner cylinder, and an air hole is opened on the second flange;

[0015] The central electrode is arranged inside the inner tube of the reactor, and is connected through the high-voltage electrode lead which passes through the first flange, the first insulating space and the second flange in sequence; the low-voltage electrode lead is electrically connected to the inner tube of the reactor, and is connected through the first flange, the first insulating space and the second flange in sequence; sealing insulating gaskets are arranged at the connection positions of the high-voltage electrode lead and the low-voltage electrode lead, and the sealing insulating gaskets are provided with a cooling device; insulating tubes are arranged on the outside of the high-voltage electrode lead and the low-voltage electrode lead.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat source is a heating furnace, and a heat-insulating material is arranged on the outside of the outer cylinder of the reactor.

[0017] Furthermore, the material of the insulating coating is aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or silicon dioxide.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner tube of the reactor is made of a metal material such as Q345R, 316L, 15CrMoR, 12CrMo, 16Mn or 15MnV, and the central electrode is made of a metal material such as Q345R, 316L, 15CrMoR, 12CrMo, 16Mn or 15MnV.

[0019] Furthermore, the sealing insulating gasket is made of PTFE, fluororubber or bakelite.

[0020] Furthermore, the cooling device is a water cooling circuit cooling device.

[0021] Furthermore, the catalyst contained in the magnetic catalyst containing space is specifically a catalyst activated by an electromagnetic field.

[0022] Furthermore, the catalyst activated by electromagnetic field comprises a multi-material having magnetic substance as an active component and a promoter.

[0023] Further, the magnetic material includes one or more of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt-nickel, cobalt-iron, cobalt-chromium, cobalt-manganese, nickel-iron, nickel-chromium, nickel-manganese, iron-chromium, iron-manganese, chromium-manganese, cobalt-nickel-iron, cobalt-nickel-chromium, cobalt-nickel-manganese, cobalt-iron-chromium, cobalt-iron-manganese, nickel-iron-chromium and nickel-iron-manganese;

[0024] The promoter includes one or more of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, manganese oxide, magnesium aluminum spinel, calcium aluminate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, and calcium titanate.

[0025] Furthermore, the output ends of the high-voltage electrode lead and the low-voltage electrode lead are externally connected to a special power source.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic field generated by the central electrode and the inner tube of the reactor magnetizes the catalyst to enhance the magnetic field strength, polarizes the reactant molecules of the raw reaction gas, and under the influence of a specific frequency, accelerates the adsorption of reversible reaction reactants and the desorption of products, thereby accelerating the reaction rate.

[0028] At the same time, the contradiction between the air tightness and electrical insulation of the traditional fixed bed reactor is solved. First, the electric field inner cylinder (i.e., the reactor inner cylinder) with poor pressure bearing capacity is placed inside the fixed bed reactor (reactor outer cylinder). It only needs to withstand high temperature but not high pressure. The high-pressure resistant reactor outer cylinder and the electric field inner cylinder (reactor inner cylinder) where the electric field is generated are isolated by an insulating coating and a second insulating space serving as an air insulating layer, thereby avoiding electromagnetic field failure and the dangerous situation of the outer shell being charged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A half-side schematic diagram of an alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure, 1-reactor outer cylinder, 2-reactor inner cylinder, 3-center electrode, 4-high voltage electrode lead, 5-low voltage electrode lead, 6-first flange 6, 7-second flange, 8-first insulating space, 9-insulating coating, 10-second insulating space, 11-magnetic catalyst accommodating space, 12-sealing insulating gasket, 13-insulating cylinder, 14-metal part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. are directions or positional relationships based on the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0035] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a half side of an alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown, comprising a reactor outer cylinder 1, a reactor inner cylinder 2, a central electrode 3, a high-voltage electrode lead 4 and a low-voltage electrode lead 5;

[0036] The reactor outer tube 1 is provided with a heat source (not shown in the figure);

[0037] The upper and lower parts of the reactor inner tube 2 are installed inside the reactor outer tube 1 through the first flange 6. The upper and lower parts of the reactor outer tube 1 are also provided with a second flange 7 outside the first flange 6, and a first insulating space 8 is formed between the first flange 6 and the second flange 7; the outer part of the reactor inner tube 2 is sprayed with an insulating coating 9, and a second insulating space 10 is formed between the reactor outer tube 1; a magnetic catalyst accommodating space 11 is formed inside the reactor inner tube 2; the first flange 6 is located inside the reactor inner tube 2 and the second flange 7 is provided with air holes (the direction of the arrow in the figure is the direction of the raw material reaction gas in one exemplary embodiment);

[0038] The central electrode 3 is arranged inside the reactor inner tube 2, and is connected through the high-voltage electrode lead 4 which passes through the first flange 6, the first insulating space 8, and the second flange 7 in sequence; the low-voltage electrode lead 5 is electrically connected to the reactor inner tube, and is connected through the first flange 6, the first insulating space 8, and the second flange 7 in sequence; a sealing insulating gasket 12 is provided at the connection position of the high-voltage electrode lead 4 and the low-voltage electrode lead 5, and the sealing insulating gasket 12 is provided with a cooling device (not shown in the figure); an insulating tube 13 is provided on the outside of the high-voltage electrode lead 4 and the low-voltage electrode lead 5.

[0039] Specifically, in the alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor provided in this exemplary embodiment, a heat source arranged in the outer tube 1 of the reactor controls the temperature of the entire reactor, and the magnetic catalyst containing space 11 of the inner tube 2 of the reactor is filled with catalysts for different purposes. The high-voltage electrode lead 4 for generating the alternating electromagnetic field is connected to the central electrode 3, and the low-voltage electrode lead 5 is fixed to the inner tube 2 of the reactor. The high-voltage electrode lead 4 and the low-voltage electrode lead 5 are successively passed through the first flange 6, the first insulating space 8, and the second flange 7 for connection (preferably an external special power supply), and are responsible for generating an alternating electromagnetic field, wherein the alternating electromagnetic field includes an electric field and a magnetic field generated by alternating current.

[0040] Take the case of the lower half of the reactor with the electrode-related equipment in the catalytic reaction process (i.e. Figure 1 The reactor shown is the gas outlet side, and it is preferably arranged vertically, and the figure only shows it horizontally). The raw reaction gas enters the magnetic catalyst accommodating space 11 through the gas inlet hole at the upper part of the reactor outer tube 1 (the second flange 7 at the upper part of the reactor outer tube 1), and the gas hole at the position of the first flange 6 corresponding to the upper part of the reactor outer tube 1 located inside the reactor inner tube 2. Under the action of the alternating electromagnetic field and the catalyst (temperature and pressure are controllable), a catalytic reaction is carried out to generate product gas, and the product gas is sent out through the gas hole at the position of the first flange 6 corresponding to the lower part of the reactor outer tube 1 located inside the reactor inner tube 2, the first insulating space 8, and the gas hole of the second flange 7 (i.e. Figure 1 ). Where,

[0041] It should be noted that:

[0042] (1) In this exemplary embodiment, the electromagnetic field generated by the central electrode 3 and the reactor inner tube 2 has a magnetizing effect on the catalyst to enhance the magnetic field strength, and has a polarizing effect on the reactant molecules of the raw reaction gas. Under the influence of a specific frequency, the adsorption of the reversible reaction reactants and the desorption of the products are accelerated, thereby accelerating the reaction rate.

[0043] (2) In this exemplary embodiment, the contradiction between the air tightness and electrical insulation of the traditional fixed bed reactor is solved. First, the electric field inner cylinder (i.e., the reactor inner cylinder 2) with poor pressure bearing capacity is placed inside the fixed bed reactor (reactor outer cylinder 1). It only needs to withstand high temperature but not high pressure. The high-pressure resistant reactor outer cylinder 1 (preferably a metal shell) is isolated from the electric field inner cylinder (reactor inner cylinder 2) where the electric field is generated by an insulating coating 9 and a second insulating space 10 as an air insulating layer to avoid electromagnetic field failure and the dangerous situation of the shell being charged.

[0044] (3) Compared with the method of insulating and isolating the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 of the reactor by setting the ceramic cylinder, in this exemplary embodiment, the insulating coating 9 is sprayed on the outer side of the inner cylinder 2 of the reactor, which has the following advantages:

[0045] A more effective seal is required under high-level pressure. If it is below 200°C, rubber can also meet the requirements. However, the equipment application environment of this exemplary embodiment usually has an operating temperature of more than 300°C, and the rubber material fails due to its heat resistance, while the metal seal and insulation requirements do not meet. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve both insulation and airtightness at high temperatures; and the ceramic cylinder is set separately, its strength is insufficient and its brittleness is relatively high. It is easily affected by impact and stress concentration and will be crushed, thereby losing its insulation effect. Especially for the electromagnetic catalytic reaction in the form of this exemplary embodiment, the pressure will reach more than 5Mpa or even 10Mpa (for example, in the chemical reaction of synthetic ammonia where the number of molecules decreases, an increase in pressure is conducive to an increase in ammonia concentration, which is why this exemplary embodiment considers increasing the design pressure); if the ceramic cylinder is directly pressed against the reactor inner tube 2, the effect of the present application cannot be achieved, because high air pressure is very sensitive to the existence of gaps, and this non-spraying method of pressing against it cannot isolate the influence of pressure.

[0046] In contrast, the present exemplary embodiment directly sprays the insulating coating 9 on the outside of the reactor inner cylinder 2. The combination of the two can enhance the bonding strength of the insulating coating 9, thereby achieving the purpose of insulation under high pressure and isolating the pressure influence. At the same time, the method of spraying the insulating coating 9 on the outside of the reactor inner cylinder 2 is easy to implement in terms of technology, that is, firstly spraying the insulating coating 9 uniformly and strongly on the outside of the reactor inner cylinder 2, and then installing the equipment. This can avoid the inconvenience of subsequent installation and the difficulty of spraying the inner side of the reactor outer cylinder 1 with a uniform and high-intensity spray by the nozzle of the spraying equipment (size limitation, difficulty in reaching in to complete uniform and high-intensity spraying).

[0047] (4) In the prior art, the seal (sealing insulating gasket 12) under high temperature and high pressure conditions in the industry is currently achieved by using a conductive metal gasket or a graphite gasket. However, the present exemplary embodiment needs to consider the insulation problem, so only insulating materials such as PTFE, fluororubber or bakelite can be considered as the sealing insulating gasket 12. Since these insulating materials are not resistant to high temperatures, it is difficult to achieve both insulation and airtightness at high temperatures. Therefore, in the present exemplary embodiment, cooling is required at the sealing location to ensure that the sealing insulating gasket 12 does not soften, that is, the sealing insulating gasket 12 is provided with a cooling device.

[0048] (5) In this exemplary embodiment, a first insulating space 8 is formed between the first flange 6 and the second flange 7, which isolates the inner side of the reactor inner tube 2 from the metal portion 14 at the lower portion of the reactor outer tube 1, thereby isolating the inductive discharge.

[0049] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the heat source is a heating furnace, and a heat-insulating material is disposed on the outside of the reactor outer tube 1 .

[0050] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the reactor outer tube 1 is provided with heat source by a heating furnace (such as a tubular furnace), and the heating furnace has programmable temperature control and heat preservation functions. The heat preservation material is quartz wool, diatomaceous earth, expanded perlite, etc., which plays the role of heat preservation and insulation.

[0051] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the material of the insulating coating 9 is aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or silicon dioxide to ensure internal insulation strength.

[0052] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the reactor inner tube 2 is made of a metal material such as Q345R, 316L, 15CrMoR, 12CrMo, 16Mn or 15MnV, and the center electrode 3 is made of a metal material such as Q345R, 316L, 15CrMoR, 12CrMo, 16Mn or 15MnV.

[0053] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the cooling device is a water cooling circuit cooling device.

[0054] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, a water cooling circuit is added to the sealing insulating gasket 12 to reduce the temperature and form a low-temperature and high-pressure state, thereby ensuring that the insulating material is not damaged by high temperature and extending the service life of the passage.

[0055] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the catalyst contained in the magnetic catalyst containing space 11 is specifically a catalyst activated by an electromagnetic field. More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the catalyst activated by an electromagnetic field includes a multi-material and a promoter having a magnetic substance as an active component. More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the magnetic substance includes one or more of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt nickel, cobalt iron, cobalt chromium, cobalt manganese, nickel iron, nickel chromium, nickel manganese, iron chromium, iron manganese, chromium manganese, cobalt nickel iron, cobalt nickel chromium, cobalt nickel manganese, cobalt iron chromium, cobalt iron manganese, nickel iron chromium and nickel iron manganese; the promoter includes one or more of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, manganese oxide, magnesium aluminum spinel, calcium aluminate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate and calcium titanate.

[0056] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the outlet ends of the high voltage electrode lead 4 and the low voltage electrode lead 5 are externally connected to a special power source. When the special power source is working, direct current or alternating current generated by a high power and high frequency AC / DC special power source is input.

[0057] At the same time, the high-voltage electrode lead 4 and the low-voltage electrode lead 5 are both high-temperature resistant pure nickel mica wires (as well as the center electrode 3), and the outside should be coated with a high-strength and insulating high-temperature resistant material. In addition, temperature sensors and pressure sensors can also be introduced for parameter detection and regulation.

[0058] The following content will demonstrate three embodiments (and corresponding comparative examples), the three embodiments are data of the reaction of the corresponding raw material reaction gas under the device of the present exemplary embodiment, and the three comparative examples are data comparisons of the reaction of the corresponding raw material reaction gas under the device of the present exemplary embodiment without the electromagnetic excitation part:

[0059] Embodiment 1

[0060] Specifically, in the embodiment, the outer tube 1 of the reactor is heated to 100-500° C. by a tubular heating furnace, and the raw material reaction gas nitrogen and hydrogen (the ratio of nitrogen and hydrogen is 1:3) pressurized at 1-10 MPa enters the interior of the inner tube 2 of the reactor through the air inlet to contact the catalyst 5. Among them, the multi-material with magnetic material as the active component is used as the catalyst, and the magnetic material is one or more of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt nickel, cobalt iron, cobalt chromium, cobalt manganese, nickel iron, nickel chromium, nickel manganese, iron chromium, iron manganese, chromium manganese, cobalt nickel iron, cobalt nickel chromium, cobalt nickel manganese, cobalt iron chromium, cobalt iron manganese, nickel iron chromium and nickel iron manganese. In addition to the active material, the catalyst also includes a promoter, which is one or more of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, manganese oxide, magnesium aluminum spinel, calcium aluminate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate and calcium titanate.

[0061] At the same time, a high-power high-frequency special power supply introduces a high-voltage high-frequency electromagnetic field with parameters of high voltage 1-50kV, frequency 1-15kHz, low current 100-1000mA, and magnetic induction intensity 50-1000mT into the reactor inner tube 2 through the high-voltage electrode lead 4 and the low-voltage electrode lead 5. The electric field is an alternating electric field, and the waveform is a rectangular wave, a sine wave, a cosine wave, a triangle wave, and any variable function waveform. One or more superpositions; the electric field intensity is 3kV / mm. The catalyst and the raw material reaction gas are in a highly activated state under the activation of the above electromagnetic field and the low-temperature and low-pressure reactor outer tube 1. Nitrogen and hydrogen undergo an efficient ammonia synthesis reaction on the surface of the high-activity catalyst, and nitrogen molecules and hydrogen molecules are efficiently converted into ammonia molecules. The actual concentration of ammonia is shown in Table 1:

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] In this comparative example, the outer tube 1 of the reactor is heated to 100-500° C. by a tubular heating furnace 9, and the raw material reaction gas nitrogen and hydrogen (nitrogen and hydrogen in a ratio of 1:3) pressurized at 1-10 MPa enters the interior of the inner tube 2 of the reactor through the air inlet 8 to contact the catalyst. Among them, the multi-material with magnetic substances as active components is used as the catalyst, and the magnetic substances are one or more of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt nickel, cobalt iron, cobalt chromium, cobalt manganese, nickel iron, nickel chromium, nickel manganese, iron chromium, iron manganese, chromium manganese, cobalt nickel iron, cobalt nickel chromium, cobalt nickel manganese, cobalt iron chromium, cobalt iron manganese, nickel iron chromium and nickel iron manganese. In addition to the active substance, the catalyst also includes a promoter, which is one or more of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, manganese oxide, magnesium aluminum spinel, calcium aluminate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate and calcium titanate.

[0064] The catalyst 5 and the raw material reaction gas are in a highly activated state under the activation effect of the low temperature and low pressure reactor cylinder 2. Nitrogen and hydrogen react efficiently on the surface of the highly active catalyst 5 to convert nitrogen molecules and hydrogen molecules into ammonia molecules. The actual concentration of ammonia is shown in Table 1:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Table 1 Parameter comparison of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

[0068] It can be seen that under the same temperature and pressure conditions, the ammonia concentration obtained by the reaction using the equipment of this exemplary embodiment is higher than the ammonia concentration obtained by the reaction using the equipment without the electromagnetic excitation part, and ammonia synthesis can be carried out under some low temperature and low pressure conditions.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer tube 1 of the reactor is heated to 100-500° C. by a tubular heating furnace, and the raw gas carbon dioxide and hydrogen (the ratio of carbon dioxide to hydrogen is 1:3) pressurized at 1-5 MPa enters the interior of the inner tube 2 of the reactor through the air inlet to contact the catalyst 5. Among them, the catalyst is zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, indium oxide loaded, and a magnetic material is added, magnetic material cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt nickel, cobalt iron, cobalt chromium, cobalt manganese, nickel iron, nickel chromium, nickel manganese, iron chromium, iron manganese, chromium manganese, cobalt nickel iron, cobalt nickel chromium, cobalt nickel manganese, cobalt iron chromium, cobalt iron manganese, nickel iron chromium, and nickel iron manganese. One or more copper-based catalysts.

[0071] At this time, the high-power high-frequency special power supply introduces a high-voltage high-frequency electromagnetic field with parameters of high voltage 1-50kV, frequency 1-15kHz, low current 100-1000mA, and magnetic induction intensity 50-1000mT into the reactor inner tube 2 through the high-voltage electrode lead 4 and the low-voltage electrode lead 5. The electric field is an alternating electric field, and the waveform is a rectangular wave, a sine wave, a cosine wave, a triangle wave, and any variable function waveform. One or more superpositions; the electric field intensity is 3kV / mm, and the catalyst and the raw material reaction gas are in a highly activated state under the activation of the two excitations of the electric field and the heated and pressurized reactor inner tube 2. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen undergo efficient methane hydrogenation reaction on the surface of the high-activity catalyst. Under low temperature and low pressure conditions, carbon dioxide molecules and hydrogen molecules are efficiently converted into methanol molecules. The actual concentration of methanol is shown in Table 2:

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] In this comparative example, the outer cylinder 1 of the reactor is heated to 100-500° C. by a tubular heating furnace, and the raw reaction gases of carbon dioxide and hydrogen (the ratio of carbon dioxide to hydrogen is 1:3) pressurized at 1-5 MPa enter the interior of the inner cylinder 2 of the reactor through the air inlet to contact the catalyst. Among them, the catalyst is zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, indium oxide loaded, and a magnetic material magnetic material cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt nickel, cobalt iron, cobalt chromium, cobalt manganese, nickel iron, nickel chromium, nickel manganese, iron chromium, iron manganese, chromium manganese, cobalt nickel iron, cobalt nickel chromium, cobalt nickel manganese, cobalt iron chromium, cobalt iron manganese, nickel iron chromium, and nickel iron manganese. One or more copper-based catalysts are added.

[0074] The catalyst and raw material reaction gas are in an activated state under the activation effect of the heated and pressurized reactor inner tube 2, and carbon dioxide and hydrogen undergo an efficient carbon dioxide hydrogenation reaction on the surface of the active catalyst 5, and carbon dioxide molecules and hydrogen molecules are efficiently converted into methanol molecules. The actual concentration of methanol is shown in Table 2:

[0075] Table 2

[0076]

[0077] Table 2 Parameter comparison of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2

[0078] It can be seen that under the same temperature and pressure conditions, the partial CO2 conversion rate is higher and the methanol selectivity is higher when the reaction is carried out using the device of this exemplary embodiment compared with the reaction carried out by removing the electromagnetic excitation part of the device.

[0079] Embodiment 3

[0080] Specifically, in the embodiment, the outer tube 1 of the reactor is heated to 400-750° C. by a tubular heating furnace, and the raw gas methane pressurized at 1.5 MPa enters the reactor inner tube 2 through the air inlet to contact the catalyst. Among them, the catalyst is a multi-material containing magnetic substances as active components such as magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, and potassium oxide, and the magnetic substances are one or more of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt nickel, cobalt iron, cobalt chromium, cobalt manganese, nickel iron, nickel chromium, nickel manganese, iron chromium, iron manganese, chromium manganese, cobalt nickel iron, cobalt nickel chromium, cobalt nickel manganese, cobalt iron chromium, cobalt iron manganese, nickel iron chromium, and nickel iron manganese; in addition to the active substances, the catalyst also includes a promoter, which is one or more of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, manganese oxide, magnesium aluminum spinel, calcium aluminate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, and calcium titanate.

[0081] At this time, a high-power high-frequency special power supply introduces a high-voltage high-frequency electromagnetic field with parameters of high voltage 1-50kV, frequency 1-15kHz, low current 100-1000mA, and magnetic induction intensity 50-1000mT into the reactor inner tube 2 through the high-voltage electrode lead 4 and the low-voltage electrode lead 5. The electric field is an alternating electric field, and the waveform is a rectangular wave, a sine wave, a cosine wave, a triangle wave, and any variable function waveform. One or more superpositions; the electric field intensity is 3kV / mm, and the catalyst and the raw material reaction gas are in a highly activated state under the activation of the two excitations of the electric field and the heated and pressurized reactor inner tube 2. Methane undergoes an efficient cracking reaction on the surface of the high-activity catalyst, and the methane molecules are efficiently converted into hydrogen molecules and carbon molecules. The concentration of hydrogen is shown in Table 3:

[0082] Comparative Example 3

[0083] In this comparative example, the outer tube 1 of the reactor is heated to 400-750° C. by a tubular heating furnace, and the raw material reaction gas methane pressurized at 0.5-5 MPa enters the inner tube 2 of the reactor through the air inlet to contact the catalyst. Among them, a multi-material containing magnetic substances such as magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, and potassium oxide as active components is used as a catalyst, and the magnetic substance is one or more of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt nickel, cobalt iron, cobalt chromium, cobalt manganese, nickel iron, nickel chromium, nickel manganese, iron chromium, iron manganese, chromium manganese, cobalt nickel iron, cobalt nickel chromium, cobalt nickel manganese, cobalt iron chromium, cobalt iron manganese, nickel iron chromium, and nickel iron manganese. In addition to the active substance, the catalyst also includes a promoter, which is one or more of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, manganese oxide, magnesium aluminum spinel, calcium aluminate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, and calcium titanate.

[0084] Under the activation of the catalyst and raw material reaction gas in the heated and pressurized reactor inner tube 2, methane undergoes efficient cracking reaction on the surface of the high-activity catalyst 5, and methane molecules are converted into hydrogen molecules and carbon molecules. The concentration of hydrogen is shown in Table 3:

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Table 3 Parameter comparison of Example 3 and Comparative Example 3

[0088] It can be seen that under the same temperature and pressure conditions, the methane conversion rate is higher when the reaction is carried out using the equipment of this exemplary embodiment than when the reaction is carried out using the equipment without the electromagnetic excitation part; and at a temperature of 750°C, a pressure of 1.5MPa, an electric field strength of 3kV / mm, and a magnetic induction intensity of 200mT, the methane conversion rate is as high as 95%.

[0089] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from them are still within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor, characterized in that: It includes a reactor outer cylinder, a reactor inner cylinder, a central electrode, a high-voltage electrode lead and a low-voltage electrode lead; The outer cylinder of the reactor is provided with a heat source; The upper and lower parts of the reactor inner cylinder are installed inside the reactor outer cylinder through the first flange, and the upper and lower parts of the reactor outer cylinder are also provided with a second flange outside the first flange, and a first insulating space is formed between the first flange and the second flange; the outer part of the reactor inner cylinder is sprayed with an insulating coating, and a second insulating space is formed between the reactor outer cylinder; a magnetic catalyst accommodating space is formed inside the reactor inner cylinder; the first flange is located inside the reactor inner cylinder, and an air hole is opened on the second flange; The central electrode is arranged inside the inner tube of the reactor, and is connected through the high-voltage electrode lead which passes through the first flange, the first insulating space and the second flange in sequence; the low-voltage electrode lead is electrically connected to the inner tube of the reactor, and is connected through the first flange, the first insulating space and the second flange in sequence; sealing insulating gaskets are arranged at the connection positions of the high-voltage electrode lead and the low-voltage electrode lead, and the sealing insulating gaskets are provided with a cooling device; insulating tubes are arranged on the outside of the high-voltage electrode lead and the low-voltage electrode lead.

2. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat source is a heating furnace, and a heat-insulating material is arranged outside the outer cylinder of the reactor.

3. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the insulating coating is aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or silicon dioxide.

4. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tube of the reactor is made of metal material such as Q345R, 316L, 15CrMoR, 12CrMo, 16Mn or 15MnV, and the central electrode is made of metal material such as Q345R, 316L, 15CrMoR, 12CrMo, 16Mn or 15MnV.

5. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the sealing insulating gasket is PTFE, fluororubber or bakelite.

6. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device is a water cooling circuit cooling device.

7. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst contained in the magnetic catalyst containing space is specifically a catalyst activated by an electromagnetic field.

8. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The catalyst activated by electromagnetic field comprises a multi-material with magnetic substance as an active component and a promoter.

9. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The magnetic material includes one or more of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt-nickel, cobalt-iron, cobalt-chromium, cobalt-manganese, nickel-iron, nickel-chromium, nickel-manganese, iron-chromium, iron-manganese, chromium-manganese, cobalt-nickel-iron, cobalt-nickel-chromium, cobalt-nickel-manganese, cobalt-iron-chromium, cobalt-iron-manganese, nickel-iron-chromium and nickel-iron-manganese; The promoter includes one or more of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, magnesium oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide, manganese oxide, magnesium aluminum spinel, calcium aluminate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, and calcium titanate.

10. The alternating electromagnetic field catalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet ends of the high-voltage electrode lead and the low-voltage electrode lead are externally connected to a special power source.

Images