One-time blasting forming method and system for excavation of large-section compressed air energy storage gas storage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering of energy storage engineering, and provides a one-time blasting forming method and system for excavation of a large-section compressed air energy storage gas storage. S2, determining a blasting free face according to a layering and blocking result; s3, the blasting safety explosive loading amount is determined; s4, determining a rock blasting network control mode; and S5, blasting the layered and partitioned rocks according to the blasting safety explosive load and the blasting rock network control mode. The system comprises a rock layering and blocking unit, a blasting free face determining unit, a blasting safety explosive load determining unit and a blasting rock network determining unit. The free face II is added, so that the damage to the reserved rock mass of the gas storage is greatly reduced; the explosive loading amount of a single section is controlled, and the detonation pressure is controlled; segmental delay is adopted for the detonators and is not limited by the volume and the size of a tunnel face; a parallel reserve blasting network is adopted for connection, so that the accurate blasting rate is ensured; one-time blasting forming is achieved, and the construction progress is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering of energy storage engineering, and in particular to a one-time blasting forming method and system for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of dual carbon, compressed air energy storage, as a new energy storage technology, has the characteristics of large capacity, high safety, long service life and low construction cost. As the most important gas storage equipment of compressed air energy storage power station, underground artificial chamber gas storage is the key carrier related to the success or failure of the entire power station.

[0003] Common highway and railway tunnels are non-pressure tunnels. They only need to ensure the safety and quality of blasting during construction. Once built, only the road at the bottom is under pressure, and its top arch and side walls are not under pressure. However, after the construction of artificial cavernous large-section gas storage, it is necessary to carry out a cycle of "filling and releasing high-pressure gas" every day. Under such high-pressure working conditions, the final product of the gas storage may leak due to poor quality. Therefore, the cave wall of the gas storage must minimize the negative impact of blasting. The impact of bombardment pressure, blasting stress and vibration speed must be controlled.

[0004] When constructing a large-section gas storage reservoir in an artificial cavern, if conventional methods (multiple blasting) are used, compared with "one-time blasting", a series of problems will arise, such as the need for stratification and block division, insufficient blasting exposure, high blasting stress on the surrounding rock of the cavern, no place to vent the bombardment pressure on the cavern wall, and slow construction progress. In response to these problems, it is an urgent need to find a "more, faster, better, and more economical" control method to carry out "one-time blasting". Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a one-time blasting forming method and system for excavating a large-section compressed air energy storage reservoir, which is used in the excavation process of an underground artificial cavern gas storage reservoir in a compressed air energy storage power station.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir (artificial chamber) by one-step blasting, comprising:

[0008] S1. Determine the stratification and block division of the rock blasting of the energy storage and gas storage reservoir;

[0009] S2, according to the layering and block division results of step S1, determine the blasting free surface;

[0010] S3, determine the safe speed of blasting vibration and the safe charge of blasting;

[0011] S4. Determine the blasting rock network control method;

[0012] S5. According to the safe blasting charge in step S3 and the blasting rock network control method in step S4, blast the layered and block rocks determined in step S1 to realize one-time blasting of the energy storage and gas storage reservoir.

[0013] Any possible implementation described above further provides an implementation, in which in step S1, the layering and block division method is:

[0014] Layering: The energy storage gas storage reservoir with a circular cross section is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer in the height direction. The upper layer is the upper 65-75% of the circular cross section, and the rest is the lower layer;

[0015] Block division: the upper layer is divided into blocks, while the lower layer is not divided into blocks; the upper layer is divided into 2 blocks, namely the central guide hole in the middle and the outer ring around the central guide hole; according to the set blasting cycle footage, the central guide hole and the outer ring are divided into n units along the axis to obtain n central guide hole unit bodies and n outer ring unit bodies; the central guide hole unit body of the previous position and the outer ring unit body of the adjacent next position constitute an explosive combination, and the explosive combination is blasted one at a time, wherein the direction of blasting is the direction of the previous position, and n is a natural number.

[0016] Any possible implementation as described above further provides an implementation method, in step S2, for each of the explosive assemblies, two free faces are designed, the first free face being the excavation face naturally formed along the axis during the excavation process, and the second free face being the free face formed by the middle guide tunnel of the previous position.

[0017] Any possible implementation as described above further provides an implementation, in step S3, according to the design requirements of the artificial chamber, the particle vibration velocity V of the energy storage gas storage reservoir is selected to be 8 cm / s;

[0018] The method for determining the safe blasting charge is:

[0019] The safe allowable distance for blasting vibration is calculated according to the formula R = (K / V) 1 / α Q 1 / 3 Inversely, we get:

[0020] Q=[R / (K / V) 1 / α ] 3 ;

[0021] Among them, Q is the charge amount, in kg, the total charge amount for simultaneous blasting and the charge amount for the maximum section for delayed blasting;

[0022] R—the safe allowable distance for blasting vibration, in meters, equal to the distance from the explosion source to the protected object;

[0023] V—safety-allowed particle vibration velocity at the location of the protected object;

[0024] K, α—coefficient and attenuation index related to the terrain and geological conditions between the blasting point and the protected object, determined through field tests.

[0025] Any possible implementation described above further provides an implementation in which K,α is determined as follows:

[0026] Hard rock: K is 50-150, α is 1.3-1.5; medium-hard rock: K is 150-250, α is 1.5-1.8; soft rock: K is 250-350, α is 1.8-2.0.

[0027] Any possible implementation as described above further provides an implementation, in step S4, the blasting assembly adopts segmented delayed blasting, and the blasting sequence is: the middle guide hole is blasted first, and the displaced outer ring is blasted later, and a parallel reserve blasting network is used between the middle guide hole and the displaced outer ring.

[0028] Any possible implementation described above further provides an implementation, wherein the specific segmentation method of the segmented time-delay blasting is as follows: first, the upper layer blasting stone volume D of a single cycle footage is calculated. 上层 ; Then, according to the consumption of each cubic meter of stone, the amount of explosives required for a blasting assembly is calculated; Finally, the total amount of explosives is divided by the maximum charge amount Q of one section to obtain the minimum number of sections of a blasting assembly;

[0029] The total blasting time of each blasting combination is: the sum of the delays of each interval;

[0030] Use a delay segmenter with corresponding range to carry out delay control of blasting.

[0031] Any possible implementation as described above further provides an implementation, in which in step S5, the hole spacing, drilling angle, drilling depth, uncoupled spacing and charge amount of the peripheral holes of the offset outer ring are determined through experiments; and the segmented delay is determined according to actual needs.

[0032] Any possible implementation as described above further provides an implementation, in which in step S4, the blasting network of the middle guide hole adopts a series-parallel connection; the blasting network of the offset outer ring adopts a parallel-series connection; and the blasting networks of the middle guide hole and the offset outer ring adopt a parallel reserve connection.

[0033] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a (artificial chamber) large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir excavation one-time blasting forming system, the system is used to implement the above method, the system comprises:

[0034] The rock layering and block division unit is used to determine the layering and block division of rock blasting in the energy and gas storage reservoir;

[0035] The blasting free surface determination unit is used to determine the blasting free surface according to the stratification and block results;

[0036] A blasting safety quantity determination unit is used to determine the blasting safety charge quantity of a single section;

[0037] A blasting rock network determination unit, used to determine a blasting rock network control mode;

[0038] The system blasts the layers and blocks of stone determined by the stone layering and block unit according to the safe blasting charge and the blasting rock network control method, so as to realize the excavation of the energy and gas storage reservoir by one blasting.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0040] 1. Due to the increase of the second air-facing surface, a huge outlet is found for the bombardment pressure, and at the same time the blasting stress on the surrounding rock is greatly reduced. Therefore, the damage to the rock mass retained in the gas storage reservoir is greatly reduced, which is beneficial to the engineering safety and quality of the gas storage reservoir.

[0041] 2. By adopting the blasting vibration safety speed of hydraulic tunnels in similar industries, the control value of the maximum charge amount (Q≤14.37kg) was obtained, which helped to control the detonation pressure from another aspect, so the surrounding rock mass of the gas storage reservoir was further greatly protected.

[0042] 3. Due to the use of segmented delay for detonators, the total amount of explosives is not limited even when the cross-section is large or the volume is large (only the maximum amount of explosives needs to be limited), thus expanding the construction space and scope of the gas storage.

[0043] 4. The parallel reserve blasting network connection between the middle guide tunnel and the offset outer ring of the same number ensures the accuracy of blasting. At the same time, the careful arrangement of the holes around the offset outer ring of the same number ensures the formation of the surrounding rock around the gas storage chamber.

[0044] 5. Since the excavation of the lower layer of the gas storage reservoir was omitted (construction was carried out during the interval between subsequent concrete pouring and did not occupy the linear construction period), the excavation volume was reduced and the construction period was shortened to a certain extent.

[0045] 6. The use of one-time blasting reduces unnecessary links and greatly improves the construction progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the stratification and block division of the rock blasting of the energy storage and gas storage in the embodiment.

[0047] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the blasting steps of the blasting assembly (middle guide hole + offset outer ring) in the embodiment.

[0048] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the network layout connection of each blasting of the blasting assembly (middle guide hole + offset outer ring) in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific drawings. It should be noted that the technical features or combinations of technical features described in the following embodiments should not be considered isolated, and they can be combined with each other to achieve better technical effects.

[0050] A method for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir (artificial chamber) by one-step blasting in an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0051] S1. Determine the stratification and block division of the rock blasting of the energy storage and gas storage reservoir;

[0052] S2, according to the layering and block division results of step S1, determine the blasting free surface;

[0053] S3, determine the safe speed of blasting vibration and the safe charge of blasting;

[0054] S4. Determine the blasting rock network control method;

[0055] S5. According to the safe blasting charge in step S3 and the blasting rock network control method in step S4, blast the layered and block rocks determined in step S1 to realize one-time blasting of the energy storage and gas storage reservoir.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, in step S1, the layering and block division method is:

[0057] Layering: The energy storage gas storage reservoir with a circular cross section is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer in the height direction. The upper layer is the upper 65-75% of the circular cross section, and the rest is the lower layer;

[0058] Block division: the upper layer is divided into blocks, while the lower layer is not divided into blocks; the upper layer is divided into 2 blocks, namely the central guide hole in the middle and the outer ring around the central guide hole; according to the set blasting cycle footage, the central guide hole and the outer ring are divided into n units along the axis to obtain n central guide hole units and n outer ring units; the central guide hole unit at the previous position and the outer ring unit at the adjacent next position constitute an explosive combination, and the explosive combination is blasted one at a time, wherein the direction of blasting is the direction of the previous position, and n is a natural number.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, in step S2, two free faces are designed for each of the explosive assemblies. Free face one is the excavation face naturally formed along the axis during the excavation process, and free face two is the free face formed by the middle guide tunnel of the previous position.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, in step S3, according to the design requirements of the artificial chamber, the particle vibration velocity V of the energy storage gas storage reservoir is selected to be 8 cm / s;

[0061] The method for determining the safe blasting charge is:

[0062] The safe allowable distance for blasting vibration is calculated according to the formula R = (K / V) 1 / α Q 1 / 3 Inversely, we get:

[0063] Q=[R / (K / V) 1 / α ] 3 ;

[0064] Among them, Q is the charge amount, in kg, the total charge amount for simultaneous blasting and the charge amount for the maximum section for delayed blasting;

[0065] R—the safe allowable distance for blasting vibration, in meters, equal to the distance from the explosion source to the protected object;

[0066] V—safety-allowed particle vibration velocity at the location of the protected object;

[0067] K, α—coefficient and attenuation index related to the terrain and geological conditions between the blasting point and the protected object, determined through field tests or based on experience.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, K,α is determined empirically as follows:

[0069] Hard rock: K is 50-150, α is 1.3-1.5; medium-hard rock: K is 150-250, α is 1.5-1.8; soft rock: K is 250-350, α is 1.8-2.0.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, in step S4, the blasting assembly adopts segmented delayed blasting, and the blasting sequence is: the middle guide hole is blasted first, and the displaced outer ring is blasted later, and a parallel reserve blasting network is used between the middle guide hole and the displaced outer ring.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the specific segmentation method of the segmented time-delay blasting is as follows: First, the upper layer blasting stone volume D of a single cycle footage is calculated. 上层 ; Then, according to the consumption of each cubic meter of stone, the total amount of explosives required for a blasting assembly is calculated; Finally, the total amount of explosives is divided by the maximum charge amount Q of one section to obtain the minimum number of sections of a blasting assembly;

[0072] The total blasting time of each blasting combination is: the sum of the delays of each interval;

[0073] Use a delay segmenter with corresponding range to carry out delay control of blasting.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, in step S5, the hole spacing, drilling angle, drilling depth, uncoupled spacing and charge amount of the peripheral holes of the offset outer ring are determined through experiments; and the segmented delay is determined according to needs.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, in step S4, the blasting network of the middle guide hole adopts a series-parallel connection; the blasting network of the offset outer ring adopts a parallel-series connection; and the blasting networks of the middle guide hole and the offset outer ring adopt a parallel reserve connection.

[0076] The embodiment of the present invention provides a (artificial chamber) large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir excavation one-time blasting forming system, the system is used to implement the above method, the system comprises:

[0077] The rock layering and block division unit is used to determine the layering and block division of rock blasting in the energy and gas storage reservoir;

[0078] The blasting free surface determination unit is used to determine the blasting free surface according to the stratification and block results;

[0079] A blasting safety quantity determination unit is used to determine the blasting safety charge quantity of a single section;

[0080] A blasting rock network determination unit, used to determine a blasting rock network control mode;

[0081] The system blasts the layers and blocks of stone determined by the stone layering and block unit according to the safe blasting charge and the blasting rock network control method, so as to realize the excavation of the energy and gas storage reservoir by one blasting.

[0082] Example

[0083] The excavated cross-sectional area of ​​an underground artificial chamber gas storage in a certain project exceeded 200 m2, reaching 213.7 m2, and must be controlled in layers and blocks.

[0084] 1. Layered and Block Control

[0085] 1. Hierarchical control

[0086] Consider dividing it into upper and lower layers.

[0087] The upper layer accounts for about 70% by height. The main purpose is: first, to make its bottom elevation as close as possible to the bottom elevation of the traffic tunnel, so that the slope for transport vehicles to enter and exit is not very steep, which is convenient for driving safety. Second, by using a single blast, the upper layer excavation volume is as large as possible, and the lower layer excavation volume is as small as possible (about 30% by height), so that the lower layer excavation is not included in the time controlled by the excavation period, but included in the subsequent gas storage reservoir concrete lining pouring period. Because when the lower layer excavation and concrete pouring are cross-constructed, the lining concrete pouring can be used to control the lower layer stone excavation, so that the lower layer stone excavation does not occupy the linear construction period.

[0088] In this way, the excavation of a large-section gas storage reservoir is actually only the excavation of the upper layer. Figure 1 (Take a project's underground artificial chamber gas storage excavation section with a diameter of 16.5m and a single gas storage length of 300m as an example) as shown from the front.

[0089] 2. Block control

[0090] The upper layer is divided into 2 blocks; the lower layer is not divided into blocks.

[0091] The specific method of dividing the upper layer into two blocks is: divide it into two blocks, namely the middle guide hole (front) and the offset outer ring (back). Then, the upper layer can be blasted once (according to the penetration of 4m per cycle) in the mode of "middle guide hole + offset outer ring". Figure 1 As shown on the side: for example, 1-1, 2-2...75-75 are all blasted and formed simultaneously.

[0092] Since the lower layer is not divided into blocks and does not occupy the linear construction period (controlled by the subsequent lining concrete), the present invention does not consider the excavation of the lower layer. It only needs to consider the block excavation of the upper layer to carry out blasting construction.

[0093] 2. Control of the open area

[0094] In order to minimize the blasting extrusion force of the upper displaced outer ring on the remaining rock mass, the displaced outer ring must obtain as many and large blasting free faces as possible. The present invention controls the following two free faces to obtain the best free face:

[0095] 1. Face to face

[0096] During the excavation process, the naturally formed tunneling face is the free face 1. As the tunneling face advances forward during excavation, this free face is naturally generated without the need for additional control measures. See Figure 1 The shaded area in the front view is the blasting free face 1.

[0097] 2. Free face 2

[0098] The middle pilot tunnel advances one body position first (considering synchronization, the body position size is also 4m). Then, the middle pilot tunnel and the outermost ring (4m) of the subsequent body position with the same misalignment number are blasted with millisecond delay (the middle pilot tunnel detonates first, and the outermost ring of the subsequent body position detonates later). In this way, the outermost ring of the subsequent body position with the same misalignment number obtains a very large free face of the previous middle pilot tunnel that has been blasted with millisecond delay (for example Figure 1 Middle side view: When the No. 1 middle pilot tunnel and the outermost ring of misalignment No. 1 are blasted successively with millisecond delay, the outermost ring of misalignment No. 1 obtains this very large free face of the outer wall of the No. 0 middle pilot tunnel that has been blasted with millisecond delay before; similarly: the subsequent outermost ring of misalignment No. 2 obtains this very large free face of the outer wall of the No. 1 middle pilot tunnel that has been blasted with millisecond delay before......, and so on, until the outermost ring of misalignment No. 75 obtains this very large free face of the outer wall of the No. 74 middle pilot tunnel that has been blasted with millisecond delay before).

[0099] III. "Double Safety" Control

[0100] "Double Safety" refers to "blasting vibration safety velocity" and "blasting safety charge amount". In order to maximize the protection of the surrounding rock of the gas storage cavern, it is very necessary to control the "blasting vibration safety velocity" and "blasting safety charge amount".

[0101] 1. Control the blasting vibration safety velocity

[0102] According to the "Code for Blasting Safety" (GB6722 - 2014), 13.2 Blasting Vibration Safety Allowable Distance - Table 2 Blasting Vibration Safety Allowable Standards, for the safety allowable particle vibration velocity of hydraulic tunnels, select the frequency of "chamber blasting 10Hz < f < 20Hz", and check:

[0103] The safety allowable particle vibration velocity of the hydraulic tunnel is: V = 8 cm / s.

[0104] Since the artificial chamber gas storage cavern is a building that has emerged only in the recent one or two years, there is no safety allowable particle vibration velocity specified for it in the "Code for Blasting Safety" (GB6722 - 2014) or other relevant codes, specifications, and standards. According to the analysis, the importance of the artificial chamber gas storage cavern is comparable to that of the hydraulic tunnel. Therefore, referring to the hydraulic tunnel, the particle vibration velocity of the gas storage cavern is taken to be equal to the particle vibration velocity of the hydraulic tunnel, that is, V = 8 cm / s.

[0105] 2. Control the blasting safety charge amount

[0106] According to 13.2.4 of GB6722-2014 Blasting Safety Regulations, the safe allowable distance for blasting vibration is calculated by the formula

[0107] R=(K / V) 1 / α Q 1 / 3 Inversely, we can get: Q = [R / (K / V) 1 / α ] 3 ,

[0108] Where:

[0109] Q—charge amount, kg, the total charge amount for simultaneous blasting; the maximum charge amount for delayed blasting. What needs to be controlled is the "maximum charge amount for a certain section" when using delayed blasting.

[0110] R—safety allowable distance of blasting vibration, m. The distance from the explosion source to the protected object, specifically for the circular cross-section of the gas storage reservoir, can be modeled as the distance from the center of the cross-section to the side wall of the surrounding rock. Taking the underground artificial chamber gas storage reservoir of the Gansu Jiuquan project of China Energy Construction Digital Technology Group as an example, the excavation radius is 8.25m.

[0111] V—safety allowable particle vibration velocity at the location of the protected object, V=8cm / s as mentioned above.

[0112] K, α - coefficient and attenuation index related to the terrain and geological conditions between the blasting point and the protected object, which should be determined through field tests; in the absence of test data, refer to Table 1 for selection:

[0113] Table 1 K and α values ​​of different lithologies in the blasting area

[0114] Lithology K α Solid Rock 50～150 1.3～1.5 Medium hard rock 150～250 1.5～1.8 Soft rock 250～350 1.8～2.0

[0115] According to the rock mass conditions of the gas storage reservoir, we look up Table 1, take K = 50, α = 1.5, and substitute into the above formula to obtain:

[0116] Q = [8.25 / (50 / 8) 1 / 1.5 ] 3 =14.37(kg).

[0117] This is the "maximum charge amount in one section" that needs to be controlled when using delayed blasting.

[0118] 4. Delay and Network Control

[0119] The above solves the problem of the maximum charge amount in one section. The total charge amount for each blast in the gas storage section and the segmented delay are as follows:

[0120] 1. Segment delay control

[0121] After calculation, the entire upper layer (see above Figure 1) is:

[0122] S 上层 =S 顶 +S 中 =55.4+102.9=158.3(m 2 )

[0123] Calculated based on the length of each cycle of 4m (i.e. the thickness of the blasted rock mass), the volume of the upper layer is:

[0124] D 上层 =S 上层 ×4=158.3×4≈633(m 3 )

[0125] According to the unit consumption of 1.0kg / m 3 Estimate (similar to the experience data of engineering blasting; specific calculations are required during construction and there is a slight fluctuation), then a cycle (e.g. Figure 1 1~1 combined blasting body), 633kg of explosives are required for one blast.

[0126] According to the aforementioned maximum single-stage charge of Q = 14.37kg, at least:

[0127] 633 / 14.37≈44(segment)

[0128] Considering that the average delay between segments is calculated as 50 to 75 ms, the total time required for each blasting is approximately between 2200 and 3300 ms (i.e. 2.2 to 3.3 seconds). A delay segmenter with a range of 16000 ms can meet this need.

[0129] 2. Blasting network control

[0130] The blasting body of "middle guide hole + offset outer ring of the same number" has a larger area and is divided into two offset parts. Its blasting network layout is as follows:

[0131] 1) Blasting method using free-side 2

[0132] Comparison Figure 1 , under the condition of ensuring that two free surfaces are obtained, implement according to the following steps.

[0133] The specific implementation method of upper layer blasting excavation is divided into 76 steps (i.e. 76 blastings), each step is referred to in Figure 2 And its step-by-step instructions.

[0134] Step 1: First, blast the No. 0 middle guide hole;

[0135] Step 2: Simultaneously blast "No. 1 middle guide hole blasting body + No. 1 offset outer circle blasting body of the same number" (separated by segmented micro-difference time: No. 1 middle guide hole blasting body fires first, and No. 1 offset outer circle blasting body of the same number fires later);

[0136] Steps 3 to 75: Carry out the subsequent "No. 2 middle guide hole + No. 2 displaced outer ring blasting body of the same number", "No. 3 middle guide hole + No. 3 displaced outer ring blasting body of the same number", ... until "No. 75 middle guide hole + No. 75 displaced outer ring blasting body of the same number";

[0137] Step 76: Finally, blast the "No. 76 outer circle blasting body".

[0138] 2) How to implement the network blasting

[0139] For specific layout, see Figure 3 .

[0140] ① Middle guide hole series-parallel connection: Since the area to be blasted is small and the first cannon is fired, the series line of A composed of several sections is basically unaffected and can be blasted accurately. However, in order to make the series line of B have a millisecond time difference relative to the series line of A, a delay detonator is installed between A and B. At this time, the two series lines of A and B are connected in parallel by the delay detonator. And so on: C, D... Follow the same method, and the blasting network of the entire middle guide hole becomes a series-parallel blasting network.

[0141] ② Outer circle parallel series connection: Since the outer circle area to be exploded is large, in order to ensure that each series circuit is accurately exploded, each series circuit (assuming three series circuits A, B, and C) is connected in parallel in advance using detonators (assuming two detonators Ⅰ and Ⅱ) (i.e. Ⅰ connects AB and BC, Ⅱ connects CB and BA). At this time, as long as the two detonators Ⅰ and Ⅱ and the connecting line are not damaged at the same time, the three series circuits A, B, and C can be guaranteed to explode accurately. This can be deduced to the entire outer circle, which becomes an outer circle parallel series circuit.

[0142] ③Parallel reserve connection between the middle guide hole and the outer ring: On all the parallel lines at the ends of the middle guide hole, a detonator is connected to the parallel point of the outer ring parallel line. Theoretically, only one detonator is needed to connect them in parallel from the middle guide hole to the outer ring to detonate, but in order to be foolproof and ensure accurate explosion, a line with a parallel detonator is connected from each of the different end parallel points. This can be simply calculated: the more lines there are, the higher the accuracy coefficient of explosion. For example Figure 3 As shown, 4 connecting lines are used, which means that the accuracy explosion coefficient is increased by 4 times (this is only a schematic diagram. In fact, at least 10 connecting lines will be used between the center guide hole and the outer ring, which means that the accuracy explosion coefficient is increased by more than 10 times).

[0143] A few key points are as follows:

[0144] A. Although parallel connection between rows improves the accuracy rate, the charge amount must be carefully calculated and the delay interval must be checked to avoid mistakenly combining the charge amounts of two sections into one section, which may result in a charge amount exceeding 14.37kg; or the delay interval overlaps, which may also cause the charge amount of a certain section to be superimposed and exceed 14.37kg.

[0145] B. There should also be a delay interval between the parallel reserve detonators on each line to prevent the charge of several sections from exploding at the same time, resulting in the maximum charge of 14.37kg being exceeded.

[0146] C. After adopting the parallel reserve connection, the accuracy explosion rate is ensured, and the problem of series connection between the middle guide hole and the offset outer ring blasting body of the same number causing damage to the connecting wire and thus failure to explode is avoided. Therefore, the parallel reserve connection must be adopted between the middle guide hole and the offset outer ring blasting body of the same number, and a simple series connection must not be used with a fluke mentality.

[0147] D. The formation of the gas storage after blasting is determined by the peripheral holes of the same number of the outer circle, so the drilling and blasting parameters such as the hole spacing, drilling angle, drilling depth, uncoupled spacing and charge volume of the peripheral holes must be determined through experiments; the segmented delay is determined according to needs. In addition, during the implementation process, each shot must be adjusted according to the changes in geological lithology.

[0148] For a tunnel with an area of ​​more than 200 square meters, the above embodiment improves efficiency by more than 50% compared with the traditional blasting excavation technology.

[0149] The present invention combines theoretical analysis of blasting, geology and rock and soil mechanics, etc., in terms of stratification and block division; finding and manufacturing blasting free surfaces; referring to the safe vibration speed of blasting of similar important buildings (hydraulic tunnels); reversely calculating the safe blasting charge according to the current "GB6722-2014 Blasting Safety Regulations"; making full use of the time-delay segmentation instrument with high scientific and technological content and widely used in the current blasting industry to carry out blasting delay segmentation; and adopting a parallel reserve connection method that can ensure the security of the blasting network to connect the blasting network between the front and rear blocks (the middle guide tunnel and the displaced outer ring blasting bodies of the same number), and finally realizing the control of "one-time blasting forming of excavation of large-section artificial chamber gas storage reservoir".

[0150] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been given herein, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention may be modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The above embodiments are merely exemplary and should not be used as a limitation on the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir by one-step blasting, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1. Determine the stratification and block division of the rock blasting of the energy storage and gas storage reservoir; S2, according to the layering and block division results of step S1, determine the blasting free surface; S3, determine the safe speed of blasting vibration and the safe charge of blasting; S4. Determine the blasting rock network control method; S5. According to the safe blasting charge in step S3 and the blasting rock network control method in step S4, blast the layered and block rocks determined in step S1 to realize one-time blasting of the energy storage and gas storage reservoir.

2. The large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir excavation one-time blasting forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the layering and block division method is: Layering: The energy storage gas storage reservoir with a circular cross section is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer in the height direction. The upper layer is the upper 65-75% of the circular cross section, and the rest is the lower layer; Block division: the upper layer is divided into blocks, while the lower layer is not divided into blocks; the upper layer is divided into 2 blocks, namely the central guide hole in the middle and the outer ring around the central guide hole; according to the set blasting cycle footage, the central guide hole and the outer ring are divided into n units along the axis to obtain n central guide hole units and n outer ring units; the central guide hole unit at the previous position and the outer ring unit at the adjacent next position constitute an explosive combination, and the explosive combination is blasted one at a time, wherein the direction of blasting is the direction of the previous position, and n is a natural number.

3. The large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir excavation one-time blasting forming method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, two free faces are designed for each of the explosive assemblies. Free face one is the excavation face naturally formed along the axis during the excavation process, and free face two is the free face formed by the middle guide tunnel of the previous position.

4. The large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir excavation one-time blasting forming method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, according to the design requirements of the artificial chamber, the particle vibration velocity V of the energy storage gas storage reservoir is selected; The method for determining the safe blasting charge is: The safe allowable distance for blasting vibration is calculated according to the formula R = (K / V) 1 / α Q 1 / 3 Inversely, we get: Q=[R / (K / V) 1 / α ] 3 ; Among them, Q is the charge amount, in kg, the total charge amount for simultaneous blasting and the charge amount for the maximum section for delayed blasting; R—the safe allowable distance for blasting vibration, in meters, equal to the distance from the explosion source to the protected object; V—safety-allowed particle vibration velocity at the location of the protected object; K, α—coefficient and attenuation index related to the terrain and geological conditions between the blasting point and the protected object, determined through field tests.

5. The one-time blasting method for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: K,α is determined as follows: Hard rock: K is 50-150, α is 1.3-1.5; medium-hard rock: K is 150-250, α is 1.5-1.8; soft rock: K is 250-350, α is 1.8-2.

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6. The one-time blasting method for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the blasting assembly adopts segmented delayed blasting, and the blasting sequence is: the middle guide hole is blasted first, and the displaced outer ring is blasted later, and a parallel reserve blasting network is adopted between the middle guide hole and the displaced outer ring.

7. The one-time blasting method for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The specific segmentation method of the segmented time-delay blasting is as follows: First, calculate the upper layer blasting stone volume D of a single cycle footage 上层 ; Then, according to the consumption of each cubic meter of stone, the total amount of explosives required for a blasting assembly is calculated; Finally, the total amount of explosives is divided by the maximum charge amount Q of one section to obtain the minimum number of sections of a blasting assembly; The total blasting time of each blasting combination is: the sum of the delays of each interval; Use a delay segmenter with corresponding range to carry out delay control of blasting.

8. The one-time blasting method for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S5, the hole spacing, drilling angle, drilling depth, uncoupled spacing and charge amount of the peripheral holes of the offset outer ring are determined through experiments; and the segmented delay is determined according to actual needs.

9. The one-time blasting method for excavating a large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the blasting network of the middle guide hole adopts a series-parallel connection; the blasting network of the dislocated outer ring adopts a parallel-series connection; and the blasting networks of the middle guide hole and the dislocated outer ring adopt a parallel reserve connection.

10. A large-section compressed gas energy storage reservoir excavation one-time blasting forming system, characterized in that: The system is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the system includes: The rock layering and block division unit is used to determine the layering and block division of rock blasting in the energy and gas storage reservoir; The blasting free surface determination unit is used to determine the blasting free surface according to the stratification and block results; A blasting safety charge determination unit, used to determine the maximum single-stage blasting safety charge; A blasting rock network determination unit, used to determine a blasting rock network control mode; The system blasts the layers and blocks of stone determined by the stone layering and block unit according to the safe blasting charge and the blasting rock network control method, so as to realize the excavation of the energy and gas storage reservoir by one blasting.

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