Impact-resistant self-adaptive buffering pin shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment buffering, in particular to an anti-impact self-adaptive buffering pin shaft which comprises a shaft body, a piston pushing and blocking buffering mechanism, a two-way liquid passing mechanism and an oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism. A piston cavity and a communication cavity which are communicated with each other are formed in the shaft body; the piston pushing and blocking buffer mechanism is radially mounted in the piston cavity along the shaft body; the piston pushing and blocking buffering mechanism comprises a piston cover, a piston rod and a fastening nut which are sequentially connected, the piston rod is sleeved with a push-back spring and a piston, the two ends of the push-back spring abut against the position between the piston cover and the piston, and the piston slides in the axial direction relative to the piston rod; the two-way liquid passing mechanism is arranged at the end of the shaft body and used for controlling input and discharge of oil, and the oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism is arranged on the side, away from the shaft body, of the two-way liquid passing mechanism and used for locking or loosening an oil filling pipe. The multi-buffering function is achieved through the piston pushing and blocking buffering mechanism, switching between oil inflow and oil drainage is achieved through the two-way liquid passing mechanism, and locking of the oil injection pipe is achieved through the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment buffering, in particular to an impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin. Background Art

[0002] The buffering of mechanical equipment is the key to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. The current buffering methods of mechanical equipment can be mainly divided into: mechanical buffering, hydraulic buffering, rubber buffering and gas buffering. Hydraulic buffering achieves buffering through the damping effect of liquid, and uses the viscosity and flow properties of oil to absorb and release energy, thereby achieving the effect of slowing down or eliminating collision or vibration. Hydraulic buffering has strong adaptability and can adjust the buffering force according to needs. It is suitable for equipment with faster speed and larger mass.

[0003] The hinge point is an important part of the movable mechanical structure of various equipments. The hinge point is the main constraint mode for connecting various parts. The hinge point is usually composed of a pin and a shaft hole connecting the two parts. Due to manufacturing errors and the need for pin assembly, there is inevitably a gap between the pin and the shaft hole. The existence of the gap between the pin and the shaft hole causes the hinge point to generate impact loads during movement, which worsens the stress state of the mechanical structure. In severe cases, it may affect the normal operation of the machine. For mechanical structures that often bear impact external loads, the load transfer between the pin and the shaft hole at the hinge point will further increase the impact of the impact external load and reduce the service life of the mechanical structure.

[0004] The buffering of mechanical structures is an important research direction at present. However, the current buffering research on movable mechanical mechanisms rarely considers the hinge point. Relieving the contact between the pin and the shaft hole can improve the stress of the connecting parts. Maintaining close contact between the pin and the shaft hole during the movement of the mechanism can eliminate the mechanism movement error caused by the hinge point gap as much as possible. The radius of the existing pin cannot be changed after being assembled with the shaft hole, and close contact between the pin and the shaft hole over the entire circumference cannot be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provides an impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin, the technical solution of which is as follows: The invention relates to an impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin shaft, comprising a shaft body, a piston thrust resistance buffer mechanism, a two-way fluid passage mechanism and an oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism; a piston chamber and a connecting chamber that are interconnected are arranged inside the shaft body, and the piston thrust resistance buffer mechanism is radially installed in the piston chamber along the shaft body; the piston thrust resistance buffer mechanism comprises a piston cover, a piston rod and a fastening nut that are connected in sequence, a push-back spring and a piston are arranged on the outer sleeve of the piston rod, two ends of the push-back spring abut between the piston cover and the piston, the piston slides axially relative to the piston rod, the outer peripheral surface of the piston abuts tightly against the inner wall of the piston chamber, an end block is fixedly installed at one end of the piston chamber near the connecting chamber, a through damping hole is arranged in the end block, and the aperture of the damping hole connecting the piston chamber side is smaller than the aperture of the connecting chamber side; the two-way fluid passage mechanism is arranged at the end of the shaft body to control the input and discharge of oil, and the oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the two-way fluid passage mechanism away from the shaft body to lock or loosen the oil filling pipe.

[0006] On the basis of the above scheme, the two-way liquid flow mechanism comprises a rotating disk, a one-way valve body and a one-way valve block which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in the radial direction; the rotating disk is coaxially arranged with the shaft body and rotates relative to the shaft body, a second liquid discharge channel for discharging oil is axially arranged on the rotating disk, and a one-way valve body is installed in the center hole of the rotating disk; the one-way valve body is coaxially fixedly connected with the shaft body, a valve block cavity and an oil pipe cavity for respectively installing the one-way valve block and the oil filling pipe are arranged in the one-way valve body, the valve block cavity and the oil pipe cavity are connected, a first liquid discharge channel and a third liquid discharge channel for discharging oil are arranged on the one-way valve body, and the one-way valve body is connected to the one-way valve body. The through cavity is connected with the oil pipe cavity after passing through the first drainage channel, the second drainage channel and the third drainage channel; the one-way valve block is arranged in the valve block cavity and slides axially relative to the one-way valve body; one end of the one-way valve block can be sealingly abutted against the end of the oil pipe cavity; a one-way valve retaining ring is arranged on the side of the one-way valve block away from the oil pipe cavity; the one-way valve retaining ring is fixedly installed on the one-way valve body; a one-way valve spring abuts between the one-way valve block and the one-way valve retaining ring; a liquid inlet hole is arranged on the side wall of the one-way valve block, and a liquid inlet cavity is arranged in the one-way valve block; when the end of the one-way valve block does not abut against the end of the oil pipe cavity, the oil pipe cavity is connected with the connecting cavity through the liquid inlet hole and the liquid inlet cavity.

[0007] On the basis of the above scheme, the end of the shaft body is fixedly connected to the rotating disk limit block toward the side of the rotating disk, and the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the limit block toward the side of the shaft body, the limit block includes an oil inlet block and an oil drain block, the oil inlet block and the oil drain block are arranged on opposite sides of the rotating disk limit block, and the distance between the oil inlet block and the oil drain block is greater than the length of the rotating disk limit block; when the rotating disk rotates until the oil inlet block abuts against the rotating disk limit block, it is in the oil inlet position, and at this time the second liquid discharge channel is not connected with the first liquid discharge channel and the third liquid discharge channel; when the rotating disk rotates until the oil drain block abuts against the rotating disk limit block, it is in the oil drain position, and at this time the second liquid discharge channel is respectively connected with the first liquid discharge channel and the third liquid discharge channel.

[0008] Preferably, the oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism comprises a self-locking fixing ring, a propulsion spring, a propulsion control ring and a locking hook mechanism, the locking hook mechanism comprises an anti-detachment hook, the self-locking fixing ring is coaxial with the shaft body and relatively fixedly arranged, a locking hook groove is arranged on the self-locking fixing ring, the anti-detachment hook is radially hinged at the locking hook groove, the anti-detachment hook end is arranged in the middle of the self-locking fixing ring, and the default state of the anti-detachment hook is that the end is opened outward; the propulsion control ring is coaxially arranged on the side of the self-locking fixing ring away from the shaft body, the propulsion spring is connected between the self-locking fixing ring and the propulsion control ring, and the self-locking fixing ring and the propulsion control ring are continuously relatively close; the propulsion control ring is fixedly connected to an abutment block on the side away from the self-locking fixing ring, the abutment block is arranged at the locking hook groove, and a locking position pad and an opening position pad are fixedly connected to the outer side of the locking hook groove close to the shaft body, the locking position pad and the opening position pad face one side of the abutment block, and the height of the locking position pad is higher than the height of the opening position pad; When the propulsion control ring rotates to the point where the inner side of the abutment block abuts against the locking position pad, it is in the locking position. At this time, the outer side of the abutment block abuts against the inner side of the anti-detachment hook, and drives the anti-detachment hook to rotate to the closed position, so that the end of the anti-detachment hook abuts against the outside of the oil filling pipe; when the propulsion control ring rotates to the point where the inner side of the abutment block abuts against the opening position pad, it is in the opening position. At this time, the outer side of the abutment block disengages from the inner side of the anti-detachment hook, and the anti-detachment hook returns to the default state and disengages from the oil filling pipe.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the locking hook mechanism also includes a torsion spring and a pin shaft, the pin shaft is rotatably connected to the self-locking fixing ring, the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the pin shaft and the self-locking fixing ring, and the anti-detachment hook is fixedly connected to the pin shaft.

[0010] Preferably, there are multiple anti-disconnection hooks, which are evenly distributed around the self-locking fixing ring.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a shaft end baffle, which is detachably connected to one end of the shaft body away from the two-way liquid flow mechanism, and the outer diameter of the shaft end baffle is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft body; the end of the shaft body close to the two-way liquid flow mechanism extends radially outward to form a limit plate, and the outer diameter of the limit plate is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft body.

[0012] Preferably, there are multiple groups of piston thrust resistance buffer mechanisms, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft body, and each group includes multiple piston thrust resistance buffer mechanisms, which are distributed axially along the shaft body.

[0013] Preferably, the piston rod is a stepped shaft, and the diameter of the piston rod near the piston is smaller than the diameter near the piston cover. The piston rod outer shell is covered with a buffer sleeve, which abuts between the piston and the piston rod step surface, and the buffer sleeve is made of elastic material.

[0014] Preferably, the outer surface of the piston cover is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The piston push-resistance buffer mechanism is pushed by injecting oil into the connecting cavity and piston cavity of the shaft body, so that the piston top and the shaft hole are closely fitted, and the piston cavities in the shaft body are connected to each other through the connecting cavity, so that the adaptive adjustment of each piston can be realized; the damping hole is installed between the piston cavity and the connecting cavity to further increase the damping of the oil during the buffering process and improve the buffering effect; by setting the push-back spring, buffer sleeve and damping hole, multiple buffering effects can be realized; 2. The two-way fluid flow mechanism is used to realize the real-time switching of the oil inflow and discharge, with a simple and reliable structure and easy operation; 3. The oil filling pipe is locked through the oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism to prevent the oil filling pipe from accidentally falling off during the oil filling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 : A cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 4 : Exploded view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 : A radial cross-sectional view of the bidirectional liquid flow mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 : Exploded view of the self-locking mechanism structure of the oil filling pipe of the present invention; Figure 7 : A cross-sectional view of the self-locking mechanism of the oil filling pipe of the present invention; Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the angular position of the oil discharge position and the oil inlet position of the two-way liquid flow mechanism of the present invention; Fig. 9 : A structural diagram of the two-way liquid-passing mechanism of the present invention in the oil-in position state; Fig.10 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the two-way liquid-passing mechanism of the present invention in the oil-discharging state; Fig.11 : Schematic diagram of the angular positions of the locking position and the opening position of the self-locking mechanism of the oil filling pipe of the present invention; Fig.12 : Structural schematic diagram of the oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism of the present invention in the locked position; Fig.13 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism in the open position of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0019] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin shaft includes a shaft body 2, a piston push-resistance buffer mechanism, a two-way fluid passage mechanism and an oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, the shaft body 2 is provided with a piston chamber 21 and a connecting chamber 22 which are interconnected. One end of the connecting chamber 22 connected to the oil filling pipe 7 is a connecting chamber inlet 23, and the other end of the connecting chamber 22 is closed.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the piston thrust resistance buffer mechanism is installed in the piston cavity 21 along the radial direction of the shaft body 2; the piston thrust resistance buffer mechanism includes a piston cover 311, a piston rod 331 and a fastening nut 372 connected in sequence, and the piston cover 311 and the fastening nut 372 are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the piston rod 331; after the piston cover 311 and the piston rod 331 are assembled in place, a set screw 312 is radially penetrated in the piston cover 311, and the end of the set screw 312 is inserted into the piston rod 311; a retaining ring 371 is provided on the outer circumference of the piston rod 331, and the retaining ring 371 is clamped in the fastening nut 372. The set screw 312 and the retaining ring 371 are used to fasten the piston cover 311 and the fastening nut 372 respectively. After the piston cover 311 is installed in place, the outer surface of the piston cover 311 is flush with the outer circumference of the shaft body 2, and the outer surface of the piston cover 311 is arc-shaped, so as to maintain continuity and consistency with the outer circumference of the shaft body 2. The piston rod 331 is provided with a push-back spring 34 and a piston 36, and the two ends of the push-back spring 34 abut between the piston cover 311 and the piston 36. Specifically, the piston rod 331 is provided with a guide sleeve 32, and the guide sleeve 32 is fixedly mounted on the shaft body 2. The two ends of the push-back spring 34 abut between the guide sleeve 32 and the piston 36 to push the piston 36 toward the connecting chamber 22. The piston 36 slides axially relative to the piston rod 331, and the outer peripheral surface of the piston 36 is in close contact with the inner wall of the piston chamber 21. An end block 381 is fixedly installed at one end of the piston chamber 21 close to the connecting chamber 22, and a through damping hole 382 is arranged in the end block 381. The aperture of the damping hole 382 connected to the piston chamber 21 is smaller than the aperture of the damping hole 382 connected to the connecting chamber 22, so that greater damping is generated when the oil in the connecting chamber 22 enters the piston chamber 21, so that the movement of the shaft hole caused by the impact is reduced, and the impact energy transmitted to the next component after the impact load passes through the hinge point is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of mechanical structure buffering.

[0023] The piston rod 331 is a stepped shaft, and the diameter of the piston rod 331 on the side close to the piston 36 is smaller than the diameter on the side close to the piston cover 311. The piston rod 331 is outer-circuited with a buffer sleeve 35, and the buffer sleeve 35 abuts between the piston 36 and the step surface of the piston rod 331. The buffer sleeve 35 is made of elastic material, so as to play a buffering role when the piston 26 moves toward the piston cover 311.

[0024] The number of the piston push resistance buffer mechanism is multiple groups, and the multiple groups of piston push resistance buffer mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft body 2. Each group includes multiple piston push resistance buffer mechanisms, and they are distributed axially along the shaft body 2, thereby achieving multi-directional buffering and improving the buffering effect.

[0025] A piston seal ring 361 and a wear-resistant ring 362 are arranged on the outer circumference of the piston 36, a piston rod seal ring 332 is arranged on the inner wall of the piston 36, and an end block seal ring is arranged between the end block 381 and the shaft body 2 to improve the sealing performance.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the two-way fluid flow mechanism is arranged at the end of the shaft body 2 to control the input and discharge of oil. The two-way fluid flow mechanism includes a rotating disk 51, a one-way valve body 52 and a one-way valve block 53 which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in the radial direction; the rotating disk 51 is coaxially arranged with the shaft body 2 and rotates relative to the shaft body 2, a second discharge channel 513 for discharging oil is axially arranged on the rotating disk 51, and a one-way valve body 52 is installed in the center hole of the rotating disk 51; the one-way valve body 52 is coaxially fixedly connected with the shaft body 2, and optionally, the one-way valve body 52 is threadedly connected with the shaft body 2, a valve block cavity and an oil pipe cavity for installing the one-way valve block 53 and the oil filling pipe 7 respectively are arranged in the one-way valve body 52, the valve block cavity and the oil pipe cavity are connected, a first discharge channel 521 and a third discharge channel 522 for discharging oil are arranged on the one-way valve body 52, and the one-way valve body 52 is connected to the cavity 2 2 is communicated with the oil pipe cavity after passing through the first liquid discharge channel 521, the second liquid discharge channel 513 and the third liquid discharge channel 522; the one-way valve block 53 is arranged in the valve block cavity and slides relative to the one-way valve body 52 in the axial direction. One end of the one-way valve block 53 can be sealed against the end of the oil pipe cavity. A one-way valve retaining ring 55 is arranged on the side of the one-way valve block 53 away from the oil pipe cavity. The one-way valve retaining ring 55 is fixedly installed on the one-way valve body 52. ​​A one-way valve spring 54 is abutted between the one-way valve block 53 and the one-way valve retaining ring 55. A liquid inlet hole 531 is arranged on the side wall of the one-way valve block 53, and a liquid inlet cavity 532 is arranged in the one-way valve block 53. When the end of the one-way valve block 53 does not abut against the end of the oil pipe cavity, the oil pipe cavity is communicated with the connecting cavity 22 through the liquid inlet hole 531 and the liquid inlet cavity 532.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, the end of the shaft body 2 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk limit block 4 toward the rotating disk 51, and the rotating disk 51 is fixedly connected to the limit block 511 toward the side of the shaft body 2. The limit block 511 includes an oil inlet block and an oil drain block. The oil inlet block and the oil drain block are arranged on opposite sides of the rotating disk limit block 4, and the distance between the oil inlet block and the oil drain block is greater than the length of the rotating disk limit block 4.

[0028] like Figures 8 to 10As shown, when the rotating disk 51 rotates to the point where the oil inlet block abuts against the rotating disk limit block 4, it is in the oil inlet position. At this time, the second liquid discharge channel 513 is not connected with the first liquid discharge channel 521 and the third liquid discharge channel 522. The oil filling pipe 7 is inserted into the oil pipe cavity and oil is transported inwardly. When the oil pressure is greater than the elastic force of the one-way valve spring 54, the one-way valve block 53 is pushed to the side of the one-way valve retaining ring 55, and the oil enters the connecting cavity 22 from the oil filling pipe 7, the liquid inlet hole 531, and the liquid inlet cavity 532; when the rotating disk 51 rotates to the point where the oil discharge block abuts against the rotating disk limit block 4, it is in the oil discharge position. At this time, the second liquid discharge channel 513 is respectively connected with the first liquid discharge channel 521 and the third liquid discharge channel 522. At this time, the oil filling pipe 7 is removed, and the oil is discharged from the connecting cavity 22 through the first liquid discharge channel 521, the second liquid discharge channel 513, the third liquid discharge channel 522 and the oil pipe cavity.

[0029] In order to improve the sealing effect of the structure, a rotating disk sealing ring 514 is set between the rotating disk 51 and the shaft body 2, a valve body sealing ring 523 is set between the one-way valve body 52 and the shaft body 2, and an oil filling pipe sealing ring 524 is set between the one-way valve body 52 and the oil filling pipe 7.

[0030] The oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the two-way liquid passage mechanism away from the shaft body 2, and is used to lock or loosen the oil filling pipe 7. Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking fixing ring 61, a propulsion spring 62, a propulsion control ring 63 and a locking hook mechanism, wherein the locking hook mechanism includes an anti-disengagement hook 643, wherein the self-locking fixing ring 61 is coaxial with the shaft body 2 and relatively fixedly arranged, and preferably, the self-locking fixing ring 61 can be threadedly connected to the one-way valve body 52. ​​A locking hook groove is arranged on the self-locking fixing ring 61, and the anti-disengagement hook 643 is hinged at the locking hook groove in the radial direction, and the end of the anti-disengagement hook 643 is arranged in the middle of the self-locking fixing ring 61, and the default state of the anti-disengagement hook 643 is that the end is opened outward; the locking hook mechanism also includes a torsion spring 641 and a pin 642, wherein the pin 642 is rotatably connected to the self-locking fixing ring 61, and the two ends of the torsion spring 641 are respectively connected to the pin 642 and the self-locking fixing ring 61, and the anti-disengagement hook 631 is fixedly connected to the pin 642. The number of the anti-disengagement hooks 631 is multiple, and they are evenly distributed around the self-locking fixing ring 61. The propulsion control ring 63 is coaxially arranged on the side of the self-locking fixing ring 61 away from the shaft body 2, and the propulsion spring 62 is connected between the self-locking fixing ring 61 and the propulsion control ring 63, and keeps the self-locking fixing ring 61 and the propulsion control ring 63 relatively close to each other; the propulsion control ring 63 is fixedly connected to the side away from the self-locking fixing ring 61 with the abutment block 631, and the abutment block 631 is arranged at the lock hook groove, and the outer side of the lock hook groove close to the shaft body 2 is fixedly connected to the locking position cushion block 612 and the opening position cushion block 613, the locking position cushion block 612 and the opening position cushion block 613 face the side of the abutment block 631, and the height of the locking position cushion block 612 is higher than the height of the opening position cushion block 613; like Figures 11 to 13 As shown, when the thrust control ring 63 rotates to the point where the inner side of the abutment block 631 abuts against the locking position cushion block 612, it is in the locking position. At this time, the outer side of the abutment block 631 abuts against the inner side of the anti-detachment hook 643, and drives the anti-detachment hook 643 to rotate to the closed position, so that the end of the anti-detachment hook 643 abuts against the outer side of the oil filling pipe 7, and the oil filling pipe 7 is locked to prevent it from falling off; when the thrust control ring 63 rotates to the point where the inner side of the abutment block 631 abuts against the opening position cushion block 613, it is in the opening position. At this time, the outer side of the abutment block 631 is disengaged from the inner side of the anti-detachment hook 643, and the anti-detachment hook 643 returns to the default state and is disengaged from the oil filling pipe 7. At this time, the oil filling pipe 7 can be removed from the oil pipe cavity.

[0031] It also includes a shaft end baffle 1, which is detachably connected to one end of the shaft body 2 away from the two-way liquid flow mechanism, and the outer diameter of the shaft end baffle 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft body 2; the end of the shaft body 2 close to the two-way liquid flow mechanism extends radially outward to form a limit plate 24, and the outer diameter of the limit plate 24 is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft body 2.

[0032] When in use, align the shaft holes of the two parts to be connected, assemble the shaft body 2 without oil injection together with the two-way liquid flow mechanism and the oil injection tube self-locking mechanism in the shaft hole, and then connect the shaft end baffle 1 to the shaft body 2, and limit the axial movement of the shaft body 2 through the shaft end baffle 1 and the limit plate 24. Then rotate the rotating disk 51 to the oil inlet position, insert the oil injection tube 7, and then rotate the propulsion control ring 63 to the locking position, so that the anti-disengagement hook 643 locks the oil injection tube 7, and then inject oil into the connecting cavity 22 and each piston cavity 21, so that the piston cover 311 is tightly abutted against the inner wall of the shaft hole, and the oil injection is stopped until the oil in the connecting cavity 22 reaches a predetermined pressure, and the propulsion control ring 63 is rotated to the open position, the anti-disengagement hook 643 is disengaged from the oil injection tube 7, and the oil injection tube 7 is removed.

[0033] When the mechanical equipment is subjected to an impact load, the impact force is transmitted to the connecting component, and the shaft hole transmits the impact force to the piston cover 311, and then to the inside of the piston thrust buffer mechanism. Since the oil chamber in the pin shaft is in a closed state, the oil pressure in the shaft body 2 increases. When the impact gives way to cause the shaft hole to push the piston 36 to displace, due to the existence of the damping hole 382 in the piston chamber 21, the impact giving way of the piston 36 will be affected by the oil and produce greater damping, thereby reducing the movement of the shaft hole caused by the impact, and reducing the impact energy transmitted to the next component after the impact load passes through the hinge point, thereby achieving the effect of mechanical structure buffering.

[0034] When the pin shaft needs to be disassembled, the rotating disk 51 is rotated to the oil drain position, the oil in the shaft body 2 is discharged from the oil pipe cavity, the piston cover 311 is restored to its original position, the shaft end baffle 1 is removed, and then the shaft body 2 is disassembled from the shaft hole.

[0035] The present invention is described above by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any changes or modifications made based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shaft body (2), a piston push-resistance buffer mechanism, a two-way fluid passage mechanism and an oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism; the shaft body (2) is provided with a piston chamber (21) and a connecting chamber (22) which are interconnected, and the piston push-resistance buffer mechanism is installed in the piston chamber (21) along the radial direction of the shaft body (2); the piston push-resistance buffer mechanism comprises a piston cover (311), a piston rod (331) and a fastening nut (372) which are connected in sequence, a return spring (34) and a piston (36) are arranged on the outer shell of the piston rod (331), two ends of the return spring (34) are abutted between the piston cover (311) and the piston (36), and the piston (36) is connected to the piston cover (311). When the piston rod (331) slides axially, the outer peripheral surface of the piston (36) is in close contact with the inner wall of the piston chamber (21); an end block (381) is fixedly mounted on one end of the piston chamber (21) close to the connecting chamber (22); a through damping hole (382) is arranged in the end block (381); the diameter of the damping hole (382) on the side connected to the piston chamber (21) is smaller than the diameter of the side connected to the connecting chamber (22); the two-way liquid passage mechanism is arranged at the end of the shaft body (2) to control the input and discharge of oil; the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the two-way liquid passage mechanism away from the shaft body (2) to lock or loosen the oil injection pipe (7).

2. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-way fluid passage mechanism comprises a rotating disk (51), a one-way valve body (52) and a one-way valve block (53) which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in a radial direction; the rotating disk (51) is arranged coaxially with the shaft body (2) and rotates relative to the shaft body (2); a second liquid discharge channel (513) for discharging oil is arranged axially on the rotating disk (51); the one-way valve body (52) is installed in the center hole of the rotating disk (51); the one-way valve body (52) is coaxially fixedly connected with the shaft body (2); a valve block cavity and an oil pipe cavity for installing the one-way valve block (53) and the oil filling pipe (7) are arranged in the one-way valve body (52); the valve block cavity and the oil pipe cavity are communicated; a first liquid discharge channel (521) and a third liquid discharge channel (522) for discharging oil are arranged on the one-way valve body (52); the connecting cavity (22) is connected to the one-way valve block (53) through the first liquid discharge channel (521) ), the second liquid discharge channel (513) and the third liquid discharge channel (522) are connected to the oil pipe cavity; the one-way valve block (53) is arranged in the valve block cavity and slides relative to the one-way valve body (52) in the axial direction; one end of the one-way valve block (53) can be sealingly abutted against the end of the oil pipe cavity; a one-way valve retaining ring (55) is arranged on the side of the one-way valve block (53) away from the oil pipe cavity; the one-way valve retaining ring (55) is fixedly mounted on the one-way valve body (52); a one-way valve spring (54) abuts between the one-way valve block (53) and the one-way valve retaining ring (55); a liquid inlet hole (531) is arranged on the side wall of the one-way valve block (53); and a liquid inlet cavity (532) is arranged in the one-way valve block (53); when the end of the one-way valve block (53) does not abut against the end of the oil pipe cavity, the oil pipe cavity is connected to the connecting cavity (22) through the liquid inlet hole (531) and the liquid inlet cavity (532).

3. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the shaft body (2) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk limit block (4) on one side facing the rotating disk (51), and the rotating disk (51) is fixedly connected to the limit block (511) on the side facing the shaft body (2), wherein the limit block (511) comprises an oil inlet block and an oil discharge block, wherein the oil inlet block and the oil discharge block are arranged on opposite sides of the rotating disk limit block (4), and the distance between the oil inlet block and the oil discharge block is greater than the length of the rotating disk limit block (4); when the rotating disk (51) rotates until the oil inlet block abuts against the rotating disk limit block (4), it is in the oil inlet position, at which time the second liquid discharge channel (513) is not connected to the first liquid discharge channel (521) and the third liquid discharge channel (522); when the rotating disk (51) rotates until the oil discharge block abuts against the rotating disk limit block (4), it is in the oil discharge position, at which time the second liquid discharge channel (513) is respectively connected to the first liquid discharge channel (521) and the third liquid discharge channel (522).

4. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism comprises a self-locking fixing ring (61), a propulsion spring (62), a propulsion control ring (63) and a locking hook mechanism, wherein the locking hook mechanism comprises an anti-disengagement hook (643), wherein the self-locking fixing ring (61) is coaxial with the shaft body (2) and relatively fixedly arranged, a locking hook groove is arranged on the self-locking fixing ring (61), the anti-disengagement hook (643) is hinged at the locking hook groove in the radial direction, the end of the anti-disengagement hook (643) is arranged in the middle of the self-locking fixing ring (61), and the anti-disengagement hook (643) is in a default state with the end open outwardly; the propulsion control ring (63) is coaxially arranged on a side of the self-locking fixing ring (61) away from the shaft body (2), and the propulsion spring (62) is arranged on a side of the self-locking fixing ring (61) away from the shaft body (2). ) is connected between the self-locking fixing ring (61) and the propulsion control ring (63), and the self-locking fixing ring (61) and the propulsion control ring (63) are kept relatively close to each other; the propulsion control ring (63) is fixedly connected to the abutment block (631) on the side away from the self-locking fixing ring (61), the abutment block (631) is arranged at the lock hook groove, and the outer side of the lock hook groove close to the shaft body (2) is fixedly connected to the locking position cushion block (612) and the opening position cushion block (613), the locking position cushion block (612) and the opening position cushion block (613) are facing one side of the abutment block (631), and the height of the locking position cushion block (612) is higher than the height of the opening position cushion block (613); When the propulsion control ring (63) rotates until the inner side of the abutment block (631) abuts against the locking position cushion block (612), it is in the locking position. At this time, the outer side of the abutment block (631) abuts against the inner side of the anti-detachment hook (643), and drives the anti-detachment hook (643) to rotate to the closed position, so that the end of the anti-detachment hook (643) abuts against the outer side of the oil filling pipe (7); when the propulsion control ring (63) rotates until the inner side of the abutment block (631) abuts against the opening position cushion block (613), it is in the opening position. At this time, the outer side of the abutment block (631) is separated from the inner side of the anti-detachment hook (643), and the anti-detachment hook (643) returns to the default state and is separated from the oil filling pipe (7).

5. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking hook mechanism further comprises a torsion spring (641) and a pin (642); the pin (642) is rotatably connected to the self-locking fixing ring (61); two ends of the torsion spring (641) are respectively connected to the pin (642) and the self-locking fixing ring (61); and the anti-detachment hook (631) is fixedly connected to the pin (642).

6. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the anti-disengagement hooks (631) is plural and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction about the self-locking fixing ring (61).

7. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a shaft end baffle (1), the shaft end baffle (1) being detachably connected to an end of the shaft body (2) away from the two-way fluid passage mechanism, the outer diameter of the shaft end baffle (1) being greater than the outer diameter of the shaft body (2); an end of the shaft body (2) close to the two-way fluid passage mechanism extending radially outwards to form a limit plate (24), the outer diameter of the limit plate (24) being greater than the outer diameter of the shaft body (2).

8. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the piston push resistance buffer mechanisms is a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of piston push resistance buffer mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft body (2), and each group includes a plurality of piston push resistance buffer mechanisms, which are distributed axially along the shaft body (2).

9. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston rod (331) is a stepped shaft, and the diameter of the piston rod (331) on the side close to the piston (36) is smaller than the diameter on the side close to the piston cover (311). The piston rod (331) is outer-mounted with a buffer sleeve (35), and the buffer sleeve (35) abuts between the piston (36) and the stepped surface of the piston rod (331). The buffer sleeve (35) is made of elastic material.

10. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the piston cover (311) is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body (2).

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