Solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method for rapidly regulating and controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of friction stir solid-phase deposition additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a solid-phase additive manufacturing device and method for rapidly regulating and controlling a high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum matrix composite. The device mainly comprises a feeding deposition system and an ultrasonic regulation and control system, wherein the ultrasonic regulation and control system is fixedly mounted on the outer side surface of the feeding deposition system; the feeding deposition system comprises a deposition screw, a screw shell is arranged on the outer side of the deposition screw, a communicating cavity is formed between the screw shell and the outer side of the deposition screw, the communicating cavity is connected with a raw material box, the ultrasonic regulation and control system comprises a transducer, one end of the transducer is connected with an ultrasonic tool head, and the other end of the transducer is connected with an ultrasonic generator. Adaptive installation and transformation are carried out based on an existing friction stir welding machine, assembling is easy, maintenance and replacement are convenient, the additive manufacturing cost is reduced, and economical efficiency is improved. Feeding deposition and ultrasonic regulation and control of the device are separated, ultrasonic vibration is not in direct contact with a main body device, resonance of the device caused by the ultrasonic vibration is avoided, and the overall service life of the device is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of friction stir solid phase deposition additive manufacturing, and specifically relates to a solid phase additive manufacturing device and method for rapidly regulating high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials. Background Art

[0002] Additive manufacturing technology is a new manufacturing technology developed in the 1980s and is one of the twelve disruptive technologies that will determine future economic development. Additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of short manufacturing cycle, high material utilization rate, and personalized design. It has been successfully applied in aerospace, weapons and equipment, rail transportation, and medical equipment. Traditional metal additive manufacturing technology relies on high-energy beams (laser, electron beam, plasma beam, arc, etc.) to melt and solidify metal materials, and deposit them layer by layer. Due to the existence of melting and solidification, in the traditional high-energy beam additive manufacturing process, solidification structure defects such as pores, element volatilization, and thermal cracks are easily formed inside the metal material, which seriously affects the dynamic fatigue performance of the additive body.

[0003] In response to the outstanding problems of traditional high-energy beam additive manufacturing technology, researchers have proposed a friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing technology based on the principle of friction stir welding. Since there is no melting and solidification in the additive manufacturing process of this technology, the defects caused by melting and solidification can be effectively avoided. However, due to the repeated thermal cycle input and complex material flow in the friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing process, resulting in uneven organizational properties, there are certain limitations in the manufacture of high-performance structural parts. In order to improve the formability and comprehensive mechanical properties of the additive body, ultrasonic vibration can be introduced to further improve the fluidity and formability of the material, and regulate the material microstructure and comprehensive mechanical properties.

[0004] Aluminum-based composite materials have the advantages of low density, high specific strength and good thermal conductivity. As a multi-principal alloy, high entropy alloy is composed of 5 or more main elements, and the atomic percentage of each main element is 5at%~35at%. Due to its high configuration entropy, high entropy alloys are easy to form simple solid solutions such as FCC and BCC, and have the advantages of high strength, high wear resistance and high toughness. The difference in thermal expansion coefficient between high entropy alloy and metal matrix is ​​relatively small, and as a reinforcing particle and aluminum matrix, it has good metal-metal interface bonding ability, which can form a stable and reliable interface bonding. Due to the effects of various strengthening mechanisms such as fine grain strengthening and dislocation strengthening, the strength and plasticity of composite materials can be improved simultaneously.

[0005] Ultrasonic vibration energy, as a kind of mechanical energy, mainly promotes material flow and regulates processing temperature through high-frequency vibration. It is widely used in many mechanical processing processes. Studies have shown that the fatigue strength of materials can be improved to a certain extent by applying ultrasonic vibration. In addition, ultrasonic vibration can reduce the deformation resistance of materials, improve material fluidity, and promote the uniform distribution of reinforced particles during the additive process of aluminum-based composite materials. However, the research and development of this technical device is currently in its infancy, the equipment development cost is high, and ultrasonic vibration is difficult to effectively apply to the additive body, and the effect of ultrasonic vibration is not obvious. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a solid phase additive manufacturing device and method for rapidly regulating high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art that the preparation process of traditional high entropy alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite materials is complicated and the preparation cycle is long.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly regulating high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials comprises a feeding deposition system and an ultrasonic regulation system, wherein the ultrasonic regulation system is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the feeding deposition system; the feeding deposition system comprises a deposition screw, wherein a screw housing is disposed on the outer side of the deposition screw, wherein the screw housing and the outer side of the deposition screw form a connecting cavity, wherein the connecting cavity is connected to a raw material box, and the ultrasonic regulation system comprises a transducer, wherein one end of the transducer is connected to an ultrasonic tool head, and the other end of the transducer is connected to an ultrasonic generator.

[0008] The feeding deposition system also includes a rotating spindle, a deposition screw base is installed at the lower end of the rotating spindle, the deposition screw is fixedly connected to the deposition screw base by a tightening sleeve, the rotation of the rotating spindle drives the deposition screw base to rotate, the rotation of the deposition screw base drives the deposition screw to perform high-speed rotation, the deposition screw is a two-section screw consisting of a parallel section and a conical section, and the length of the conical section screw accounts for 30% of the total length of the screw.

[0009] The feeding deposition system also includes a stationary spindle, which is installed outside the rotating spindle. The lower end of the stationary spindle is installed with a base shell through bolts, and the screw shell is installed at the bottom of the base shell through bolts.

[0010] A mounting hole is provided on one side of the base shell, and the inner center portion of the base shell is a groove. A feeding pipe is provided at the lower end of the raw material box. The feeding pipe passes through the mounting hole of the base shell and is placed in the groove of the base shell. The groove is connected to the screw shell and the outside of the deposition screw to form a connecting cavity.

[0011] The screw housing is a structural component consisting of a parallel part and a non-parallel part. The parallel part of the screw housing is installed at the bottom of the base housing, and the non-parallel part of the screw housing is sleeved on the outside of the deposition screw. The bottom of the screw housing is a long slot with a width of 10-30mm and a depth of 2-5mm.

[0012] The ultrasonic control system is connected to the outer side of the feeding deposition system through an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate respectively. An ultrasonic mounting frame is provided in the ultrasonic control system. One end of the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are connected to the ultrasonic mounting frame, and the other ends of the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are respectively connected to the outer side of the stationary main shaft and the base shell.

[0013] The transducer is installed inside the sliding shell, one end of the transducer connected to the ultrasonic tool head is connected to a horn, and the ultrasonic tool head is connected to the end of the horn.

[0014] The sliding shell is slidably connected to the ultrasonic mounting frame, the ultrasonic mounting frame is provided with a guide rail, the sliding shell is provided with a convex structure, and the convex structure of the sliding shell is embedded in the guide rail of the ultrasonic mounting frame.

[0015] A push rod is fixed on one end of the transducer connected to the ultrasonic generator, the push rod is connected to a cylinder, and the cylinder is installed on the top of the ultrasonic mounting frame through bolts.

[0016] A method for manufacturing a solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling a high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material, the manufacturing method comprising the following steps: Step 1: The ball-milled high entropy alloy powder and aluminum alloy particles are mixed in a certain proportion, and the mixed raw materials are placed in a raw material box, and enter the connected cavity formed by the deposition screw and the screw housing under the action of their own gravity; Step 2: The mixed raw materials in the connected cavity are initially thermoplasticized under the action of the rotating friction extrusion of the deposition screw, and then the thermoplasticized mixed raw materials are extruded through the bottom outlet of the screw housing under the action of the axial force, and are deposited on the surface of the contact substrate to form an additive body under the shaping of the long groove at the bottom of the screw housing; Step 3: After the additive body is deposited on the upper surface of the substrate, the substrate moves laterally, and the ultrasonic generator in the ultrasonic control system sends a signal to the transducer by setting parameters such as ultrasonic frequency and amplitude. The transducer converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy. The mechanical vibration energy controls the ultrasonic tool head 12 to vibrate and directly acts on the surface of the additive body 11 at 0.1-0.2 mm below the surface; Step 4: After the first layer of additive is completed, the screw housing is lifted a certain distance and returns to the starting point to provide space for the deposition of the second layer. The ultrasonic vibration can then increase the bonding strength between the interfaces of each layer of the additive. This reciprocating cycle can achieve three-dimensional solid-phase additive manufacturing of metals.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly regulating high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials. Compared with the traditional preparation method, the technical solution uses the cooperation of a feeding deposition system and an ultrasonic control system to directly deposit and form the required composite material structure on the base material, which greatly simplifies the preparation process. Since the whole process is completed in a continuous operation, there is no need to go through multiple steps or long waiting from the supply of raw materials to the final product forming, so the total production time can be significantly reduced. Under the action of ultrasound, the high entropy alloy particles can be more evenly dispersed in the aluminum matrix, and it helps to improve the interface bonding state, thereby improving the overall mechanical properties and other physical and chemical properties of the composite material. By controlling the supply amount of different raw materials in the feeding deposition system and adjusting the ultrasonic parameters (such as frequency, amplitude, etc.), the proportion of each component in the composite material can be flexibly changed according to actual needs, so as to achieve precise control of the material properties. On the one hand, the high equipment investment required for traditional complex processes is reduced; on the other hand, the energy consumption and labor cost per unit product are reduced due to the improved efficiency. Compared with some traditional preparation methods that require high temperature and high pressure conditions, the conditions required for the operation of this device are relatively mild, which helps to reduce energy consumption and reduce environmental pollution.

[0018] Furthermore, by rotating the main shaft to drive the deposition screw base and the deposition screw to rotate at high speed, the transmission system is simplified and the number of mechanical parts is reduced. The high-speed rotation of the deposition screw driven by the rotating main shaft can speed up the mixing and conveying speed of the raw materials and improve production efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, the stationary spindle provides stable support for the feeding deposition system, ensuring the stability of the entire system. The base shell is fixed by bolts, which is easy to disassemble and maintain, improving the maintainability of the equipment.

[0020] Furthermore, the raw material box directly delivers the raw materials into the groove of the base shell through the feeding pipe, thereby ensuring the continuous supply and uniform distribution of the raw materials; avoiding leakage and waste of the raw materials during the transportation process, and improving the utilization rate of the raw materials.

[0021] Furthermore, the parallel and non-parallel parts of the screw housing are designed to facilitate the flow of raw materials in the screw, reduce blockage and unevenness, and the long slot design at the bottom of the screw housing can shape the extruded raw materials to ensure a more precise shape and size of the additive body.

[0022] Furthermore, the ultrasonic control system is connected to the outer side of the feeding deposition system through an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate, so as to facilitate adjustment of the position and angle to meet different processing requirements; the ultrasonic control system can directly act on the surface of the additive body through ultrasonic vibration, thereby increasing the interlayer bonding strength and improving the overall performance of the material.

[0023] Furthermore, the transducer converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy, which improves the energy conversion efficiency. The design of the amplitude transformer can accurately control the amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic vibration of the ultrasonic tool head, thereby achieving fine processing of the additive body.

[0024] Furthermore, the sliding shell can slide freely on the guide rail, which is convenient for adjusting the position of the ultrasonic tool head to meet the processing requirements of different sizes and shapes; the guide rail design ensures the movement accuracy of the sliding shell and improves the consistency and reliability of processing.

[0025] Furthermore, the cylinder pushes the transducer through the push rod, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the ultrasonic tool head and reducing manual intervention; the automated adjustment improves work efficiency and reduces operational difficulty.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention discloses a method for manufacturing a solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly regulating high-entropy alloy-enhanced aluminum-based composite materials. The high-entropy alloy powder and aluminum alloy particles after ball milling are directly mixed and fed into the deposition screw, which simplifies the raw material preparation and transportation process; the hot plasticization and extrusion process fully mixes and plasticizes the raw materials, improving the quality and consistency of the final product; and the interlayer bonding strength is improved by ultrasonic vibration, realizing rapid and high-quality three-dimensional solid-phase additive manufacturing. The whole process simplifies the preparation process of high-entropy alloy-enhanced aluminum-based composite materials, shortens the preparation cycle, reduces energy consumption, and reduces production costs.

[0027] Furthermore, since no melting and solidification occurs in the additive process, no protective atmosphere or special environment is required, and additive manufacturing can be achieved in conventional atmospheric conditions. The device has strong environmental adaptability and good economy. The raw materials are stored twice, in the raw material box and in the base shell groove, to meet the raw material supply in the additive process. The efficiency of additive manufacturing can be improved by setting the relevant specifications and parameters of the deposition screw, the rotation speed, etc.

[0028] Furthermore, based on the existing friction stir welding machine, the adaptation and installation modification is carried out, which is simple to assemble and convenient for maintenance and replacement, reducing the research and development cost of the device, reducing the cost of additive manufacturing, and improving the economy; the device adopts a separate design of deposition feeding system and ultrasonic control system, and the ultrasonic vibration does not directly contact the main device, avoiding ultrasonic vibration-induced resonance of the device and improving the overall service life of the device.

[0029] Furthermore, the ultrasonic control system directly acts on the surface of the additive body through the ultrasonic tool head, shortening the ultrasonic application distance and improving the ultrasonic vibration control effect; separating the stirring friction and ultrasonic vibration coupling effects, the ultrasonic vibration parameters can be adjusted separately, and the structure of the additive body can be quickly and accurately controlled, which is convenient for the optimization of process parameters. Ultrasonic vibration promotes the uniform distribution of high entropy alloy reinforcement particles and further improves the bonding strength between each layer interface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the ultrasonic-assisted friction stir solid phase deposition additive manufacturing device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic-assisted friction stir solid phase deposition additive manufacturing device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the guide rail of the ultrasonic mounting frame of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic mounting frame of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the long notch at the bottom of the screw housing of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a metallographic diagram comparing the microstructures before and after the ultrasonic action of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Stationary spindle; 2. Rotating spindle; 3. Deposition screw base; 4. Deposition screw; 5. Expansion sleeve; 6. Raw material box; 7. Base housing; 8. Feed pipe; 9. Screw housing; 10. Base plate; 11. Additive body; 12. Ultrasonic tool head; 13. Amplifier; 14. Sliding housing; 15. Lower mounting plate; 16. Transducer; 17. Push rod; 18. Cylinder; 19. Ultrasonic mounting frame; 20. Guide rail; 21. Upper mounting plate; 101. Feeding deposition system; 102. Ultrasonic control system; 103. Ultrasonic generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit it.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 5 A solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly regulating high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials includes a feeding deposition system 101 and an ultrasonic regulation system 102; a substrate 10 is located at the lower end of the feeding deposition system 101 and the ultrasonic regulation system 102.

[0035] The feeding deposition system 101 includes a stationary spindle 1, a rotating spindle 2, a deposition screw base 3, a deposition screw 4, an expansion sleeve 5, a base shell 7, a screw shell 9, a raw material box 6, and a feeding pipe 8; wherein the base shell 7 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the stationary spindle 1 by bolts, a groove is provided at the center position inside the base shell 7, a mounting through hole for the feeding pipe 8 is provided on one side of the base shell 7, the upper end of the feeding pipe 8 is connected to the bottom of the raw material box 6, and the lower end of the feeding pipe 8 passes through the mounting through hole and is placed in the groove of the base shell 7; a rotating spindle 2 is provided inside the base shell 7, a deposition screw base 3 is installed on the rotating spindle 2, the deposition screw base 3 is fixed to the deposition screw 4 by the expansion sleeve 5, and the rotating spindle 2 can drive the deposition screw 4 to rotate through the deposition screw base 3; the screw shell 9 is installed on the bottom of the base shell 7 by bolts, and the screw shell 9 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the deposition screw 4, the screw shell 9 forms a connecting cavity with the deposition screw 4, and a long slot is provided at the bottom of the screw shell 9.

[0036] The ultrasonic control system 102 includes an upper mounting plate 21, a lower mounting plate 15, a cylinder 18, a push rod 17, an ultrasonic mounting frame 19, a sliding housing 14, an ultrasonic generator 103, a transducer 16, a horn 13 and an ultrasonic tool head 12; wherein the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 is connected with an upper mounting plate 21 and a lower mounting plate 15, and the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 is fixedly connected with the stationary spindle 1 and the base housing 7 through the upper mounting plate 21 and the lower mounting plate 15, respectively, and the upper part of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 is provided with through holes of equal spacing and same size, and a guide rail 20 is provided inside; the sliding housing 14 is provided with a raised structure, the raised structure of the sliding shell 14 is embedded in the guide rail 20 on the ultrasonic mounting frame 19, the sliding shell 14 can slide back and forth in the guide rail 20 of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19, a transducer 16 is fixedly installed inside the sliding shell 14, one end of the transducer 16 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 103, the other end of the transducer 16 is connected to the amplitude rod 13, and a detachable ultrasonic tool head 12 is installed at the end of the amplitude rod 13; the cylinder 18 is installed on the top of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 by bolts, and the sliding shell 14 can be driven to reciprocate by the push rod 17.

[0037] This embodiment provides a device and method for rapidly controlling a solid phase additive manufacturing method of a high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and the specific implementation method is as follows: After the feeding deposition system 101 and the ultrasonic control system 102 are powered on, the high entropy alloy and aluminum alloy mixed raw materials are placed in the raw material box 6 in advance. Under the action of gravity of the raw material box 6, the high entropy alloy and aluminum alloy mixed raw materials are transported to the groove of the base shell 7 through the feeding pipe 8 at the lower end of the raw material box 6. The groove of the base shell 7 is connected to the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The base shell 7 and the screw shell 9 at its lower end form a connecting cavity. The mixed raw materials in the groove of the base shell 7 enter the connecting cavity through the parallel section of the deposition screw 4.

[0038] After the device is started, the machine tool drives the rotating spindle 2 to rotate. The lower end of the rotating spindle 2 is equipped with a deposition screw base 3. The deposition screw base 3 is fixedly connected to the deposition screw 4 through the expansion sleeve 5. The rotating spindle 2 drives the deposition screw 4 to rotate at a high speed through the deposition screw base 3 and the expansion sleeve 5. The rotation speed of the deposition screw 4 is: 50-1200rpm; under the high-speed rotation of the deposition screw 4, the mixed raw materials in the groove of the base shell 7 can be transported into the connecting cavity through the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The high-speed rotation of the deposition screw 4 produces friction and extrusion on the mixed raw materials in the connecting cavity. The mixed raw materials in the connecting cavity are thermally plasticized under the friction and extrusion of the deposition screw 4, and then extruded to the substrate 10 at its lower end through the long notch at the bottom of the screw shell 9. The deposition screw 4 moves downward at the same time as the high-speed rotation, and generates axial feeding pressure in the vertical downward direction. The thermally plasticized mixed raw materials adhere to and gradually deposit on the substrate 10 under the axial feeding pressure of the deposition screw 4 to form an additive body 11. The additive body 11 deposited on the substrate 10 is constrained in width and height by the long slot at the bottom of the screw housing 9, thereby improving the formability of the additive body 11. The width of the long slot is 10-30 mm, and the depth of the long slot is 2-5 mm.

[0039] After the high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material additive body 11 is deposited onto the substrate 10, the substrate 10 moves laterally, and the ultrasonic tool head 12 at the end of the amplitude transformer 13 in the ultrasonic control system 102 directly acts on the upper surface of the additive body 11; the amplitude transformer 13 is connected to one end of the transducer 16, and the displacement and pressure are controlled by the cylinder 18 and the push rod 17. The other end of the transducer 16 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 103, and the other end of the transducer 16 is connected to a push rod 17. The transducer 16 is arranged inside the sliding housing 14, and a protrusion structure is arranged on the sliding housing 14. The protrusion structure of the sliding housing 14 is embedded in the guide rail 20 on the ultrasonic mounting frame 19. The cylinder 18 is installed on the top of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 by bolts. The piston in the cylinder 18 moves and then pushes the push rod 17 to move. The push rod 17 drives the sliding housing 14 to reciprocate. The sliding of the sliding housing 14 drives the transducer 16 inside it to slide back and forth in the guide rail 20 of the ultrasonic mounting frame 19, thereby realizing the movement of the horn 13 along the guide rail 20 on the ultrasonic mounting frame 19; the ultrasonic generator 103 sends a signal to the transducer 16 by setting parameters such as ultrasonic frequency and amplitude. The transducer 16 converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy. The mechanical vibration energy amplifies the vibration effect through the horn 13, and finally outputs it from the ultrasonic tool head 12. The working range of the ultrasonic tool head 12 is 20 kHZ-30 kHZ ultrasonic frequency, 50%-100% ultrasonic amplitude; the ultrasonic tool head 12 generates ultrasonic vibration and directly acts on the surface of the additive body 11 at 0.1-0.2mm; the ultrasonic tool head 12 is a detachable structure, and the contact surface between the ultrasonic tool head 12 and the additive body 11 is rectangular, and the minimum width of the contact surface is the width of the additive body The ultrasonic generator 103 regulates the transducer 16 and the amplitude transformer 13, and then directly applies ultrasonic vibration to the surface of the additive body 11 through the ultrasonic tool head 12, thereby improving the effect of ultrasonic action, separating the stirring friction and ultrasonic vibration coupling effects, accurately and quickly regulating the organization, promoting the uniform distribution of high entropy alloy reinforcement particles, and improving material flow and organizational properties.

[0040] After completing the first layer of additive body 11, the screw housing 9 is lifted a certain distance and returned to the starting point to provide space for the deposition of the second layer of additive body 11. Subsequently, ultrasonic vibration can also increase the bonding strength between the interfaces of each layer of additive body 11. Such a reciprocating cycle can realize the three-dimensional solid phase additive manufacturing of metals.

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0042] Example 1 The CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy particles are selected as the reinforcement phase. After ball milling, they are passed through a standard mesh sieve to obtain a high entropy alloy particle size distribution range of 20-50 The matrix is ​​a 6061 aluminum alloy with a particle size range of 3-5 mm. The high entropy alloy particles with a volume fraction of 8% and the 6061 aluminum alloy particles are placed in the raw material box 6. Under the action of their own gravity, the mixed raw materials follow the feeding pipe 8 from the lower end of the pipe into the groove in the center of the base shell 7; The deposition screw 4 is set to rotate counterclockwise at a speed of 800 rpm. The groove in the center of the base shell 7 is connected to the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The mixed raw material in the groove enters the connected cavity through the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The mixed raw material is initially thermoplasticized under the action of rotational friction extrusion. Subsequently, the thermoplasticized mixed raw material is extruded through the bottom outlet of the screw shell 9 under the action of the axial force. The long notch at the bottom of the screw shell 9 has a width of 10 mm and a depth of 3 mm. After the long notch is shaped, it is deposited on the surface of the contact substrate to form an additive body 11; After the additive body 11 is deposited on the substrate 10, the substrate 10 moves laterally at a speed of 150 mm / min. The additive body 11 contacts the ultrasonic tool head 12. The width of the ultrasonic tool head 12 is 12 mm. The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic generator 103 is set to 25 kHz, and the amplitude parameter is 80%. The ultrasonic generator 103 sends the ultrasonic frequency and amplitude signal to the transducer 16. The transducer 16 converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy. The mechanical vibration energy amplifies the vibration effect through the horn 13. At the same time, the piston movement of the cylinder 18 pushes the push rod 17 and drives the transducer 16 to reciprocate along the guide rail 20 of the screw housing 9. The transducer 16 controls the ultrasonic tool head 12 to reciprocate on the upper surface of the additive body 11 through the amplitude rod 13. Under the action of the amplitude rod 13 and the cylinder 18, the ultrasonic tool head 12 directly contacts the upper surface of the additive body 11 and applies ultrasonic vibration to it, which shortens the ultrasonic application distance, improves the ultrasonic vibration regulation effect, and improves the material flow.

[0043] After the first layer of additive body 11 is completed, the ultrasonic tool head 12 is retracted along the direction of the guide rail 20 on the ultrasonic mounting frame 19 through the horn 13, and the screw housing 9 is lifted a certain distance and returned to the starting point to provide space for the second layer deposition. After the starting position of 3mm on the upper surface of the first layer of additive body 11, the second layer of additive is carried out under the same parameters as above, and the ultrasonic vibration can also improve the bonding strength between the interfaces of each layer of the additive body 11.

[0044] Example 2 The CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy particles are selected as the reinforcement phase. After ball milling, they are passed through a standard mesh sieve to obtain a high entropy alloy particle size distribution range of 20-50 The matrix is ​​a 6061 aluminum alloy with a particle size range of 3-5 mm. The high entropy alloy particles with a volume fraction of 8% and the 6061 aluminum alloy particles are placed in the raw material box 6. Under the action of their own gravity, the mixed raw materials enter the groove of the base shell 7 from the lower end of the pipe along the feeding pipe 8; The deposition screw 4 is set to rotate counterclockwise at a speed of 800 rpm. The groove at the center of the base housing 7 is connected to the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The mixed raw material in the groove enters the connected cavity through the parallel section of the deposition screw 4. The mixed raw material is initially thermoplasticized under the rotational friction and extrusion of the deposition screw 4. Subsequently, the thermoplasticized mixed raw material is extruded through the bottom outlet of the screw housing 9 under the action of the axial force. The long notch at the bottom of the screw housing 9 has a width of 10 mm and a depth of 3 mm. After the long notch is shaped, it is deposited on the contact substrate surface. After the additive body 11 is deposited on the substrate 10, the substrate 10 moves laterally at a speed of 150 mm / min. The additive body 11 contacts the ultrasonic tool head 12. The width of the ultrasonic tool head 12 is 12 mm. The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic generator 103 is set to 0 Hz, and the amplitude parameter is 0%, that is, no ultrasonic vibration is applied. At this time, the piston movement of the cylinder 18 pushes the push rod 17 and drives the transducer 16 to reciprocate along the guide rail 20 of the screw housing 9. The transducer 16 controls the ultrasonic tool head 12 to reciprocate on the upper surface of the additive body 11 through the amplitude rod 13, and generates a vibration effect without ultrasound on the upper surface of the additive body 11.

[0045] After the first layer of additive body 11 is completed, the ultrasonic tool head 12 is retracted by the push rod, and the screw housing 9 is lifted a certain distance and returned to the starting point to provide space for the second layer deposition. After the starting position of 3mm on the upper surface of the first layer of additive body, the second layer of additive body 11 is carried out under the same parameters as above.

[0046] The thickness, tensile strength and elongation of the additive body 11 prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 are compared. The microstructure metallographic images of the additive body 11 prepared in Example 1 with ultrasonic vibration and in Example 2 without ultrasonic vibration are as follows: Figure 6 (a) and Figure 6 (b) As shown; the comparison results of the thickness, tensile strength and elongation of the additive body 1 produced by the ultrasonic vibration in Example 1 and the vibration without ultrasonic vibration in Example 2 are shown in Table 1 below.

[0047] Table 1

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a feeding deposition system (101) and an ultrasonic regulation system (102), wherein the ultrasonic regulation system (102) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the feeding deposition system (101); the feeding deposition system (101) comprises a deposition screw (4), wherein a screw housing (9) is provided on the outer side of the deposition screw (4), wherein the screw housing (9) and the outer side of the deposition screw (4) form a connecting cavity, wherein the connecting cavity is connected to a raw material box (6), and the ultrasonic regulation system (102) comprises a transducer (16), wherein one end of the transducer (16) is connected to an ultrasonic tool head (12), and the other end of the transducer (16) is connected to an ultrasonic generator (103).

2. According to claim 1, a solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials is characterized in that: The feeding deposition system (101) further comprises a rotating main shaft (2), a deposition screw base (3) being mounted at the lower end of the rotating main shaft (2), and a deposition screw (4) being fixedly connected to the deposition screw base (3) via an expansion coupling sleeve (5). The rotating main shaft (2) drives the deposition screw base (3) to rotate, and the rotation of the deposition screw base (3) drives the deposition screw (4) to perform high-speed rotation. The deposition screw (4) is a two-section screw consisting of a parallel section and a conical section, and the length of the conical section screw accounts for 30% of the total length of the screw.

3. The solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding deposition system (101) also includes a stationary spindle (1), which is mounted on the outside of the rotating spindle (2), a base housing (7) is mounted on the lower end of the stationary spindle (1) via bolts, and a screw housing (9) is mounted on the bottom of the base housing (7) via bolts.

4. The solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting through hole is provided on one side of the base shell (7), and the inner central portion of the base shell (7) is a groove. A feed pipe (8) is provided at the lower end of the raw material box (6). The feed pipe (8) passes through the mounting through hole of the base shell (7) and is placed in the groove of the base shell (7). The groove is connected to the screw shell (9) and the outer side of the deposition screw (4) to form a connecting cavity.

5. The device for rapidly controlling the solid phase additive manufacturing of high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The screw housing (9) is a structural member composed of a parallel part and a non-parallel part. The parallel part of the screw housing (9) is mounted on the bottom of the base housing (7), and the non-parallel part of the screw housing (9) is sleeved on the outside of the deposition screw (4). The bottom of the screw housing (9) is a long slot with a width of 10-30 mm and a depth of 2-5 mm.

6. The solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ultrasonic control system (102) is connected to the outer side of the feeding deposition system (101) through an upper mounting plate (21) and a lower mounting plate (15), respectively; an ultrasonic mounting frame (19) is provided in the ultrasonic control system (102); one end of the upper mounting plate (21) and the lower mounting plate (15) are connected to the ultrasonic mounting frame (19); and the other ends of the upper mounting plate (21) and the lower mounting plate (15) are connected to the outer side of the stationary spindle (1) and the base housing (7), respectively.

7. The device for rapidly controlling the solid phase additive manufacturing of high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transducer (16) is installed inside the sliding housing (14); one end of the transducer (16) connected to the ultrasonic tool head (12) is connected to the horn (13); and the ultrasonic tool head (12) is connected to the end of the horn (13).

8. The solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding shell (14) is slidably connected to the ultrasonic mounting frame (19), a guide rail (20) is provided on the ultrasonic mounting frame (19), a protrusion structure is provided on the sliding shell (14), and the protrusion structure of the sliding shell (14) is embedded in the guide rail (20) of the ultrasonic mounting frame (19).

9. The solid phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A push rod (17) is fixed to one end of the transducer (16) connected to the ultrasonic generator (103), and the push rod (17) is connected to a cylinder (18). The cylinder (18) is mounted on the top of the ultrasonic mounting frame (19) by means of bolts.

10. A method for manufacturing a solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, based on a solid-phase additive manufacturing device for rapidly controlling high-entropy alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The manufacturing method thereof comprises the following steps: Step 1: The ball-milled high entropy alloy powder and aluminum alloy particles are mixed in a certain proportion, and the mixed raw materials are placed in a raw material box (6), and enter the connected cavity formed by the deposition screw (4) and the screw housing (9) under the action of their own gravity; Step 2: The mixed raw material in the connected cavity is initially thermoplasticized under the action of the rotating friction extrusion of the deposition screw (4), and then the thermoplasticized mixed raw material is extruded through the bottom outlet of the screw housing (9) under the action of the axial force, and is deposited on the surface of the contact substrate to form an additive body (11) under the shaping of the long groove at the bottom of the screw housing (9); Step 3: After the additive body (11) is deposited on the upper surface of the substrate (10), the substrate (10) moves laterally, and the ultrasonic generator (103) in the ultrasonic control system (102) sends a signal to the transducer (16) by setting parameters such as ultrasonic frequency and amplitude. The transducer (16) converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration energy. The mechanical vibration energy controls the ultrasonic tool head 12 to generate vibration and directly acts on 0.1-0.2 mm below the surface of the additive body 11; Step D: After the first layer of the additive body (11) is completed, the screw housing (9) is lifted a certain distance and returned to the starting point to provide space for the deposition of the second layer. The ultrasonic vibration can then increase the bonding strength between the interfaces of each layer of the additive body. This reciprocating cycle can achieve three-dimensional solid-phase additive manufacturing of metals.

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