Machining machine tool and drilling machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, and provides a machining machine tool and a drilling machining method.The machining method comprises the following steps that S1, a first drill bit is installed on a main shaft, the first drill bit conducts primary drilling on the drilling position of a machined part, and during drilling, an inner cooling assembly and an outer cooling assembly cool the first drill bit; after drilling, the detection assembly detects the drilled hole for the first time; s2, a first drill bit on the main shaft is switched into a second drill bit, the second drill bit conducts second-time drilling on the drilling position of the machined part, and during drilling, the second drill bit is cooled through an inner cooling assembly and an outer cooling assembly; after drilling, the detection assembly detects the drilled hole for the second time; the inner cooling assembly works for cooling, then the flow speed of cooling liquid in the inner cooling assembly is controlled to be increased through temperature change, starting of the outer cooling assembly is controlled through temperature change, dual-slave operation is achieved, resource waste of the cooling liquid can be reduced when the drilling temperature is low, and cooling can be rapidly conducted when the temperature rises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machining, and in particular to a machining machine tool and a drilling method. Background Art

[0002] During drilling, in order to ensure the drilling accuracy of the plate, different rotation speeds need to be used according to different processing materials.

[0003] Existing drilling methods mostly use external direct spraying of coolant for cooling. Although it can achieve a mobile cooling effect in some plate processing, when processing some deeper holes, the temperature of the drill end and the inside cannot be reduced in time, which will cause damage to the drill and then damage to the workpiece. At the same time, direct spraying is used for cooling, and the temperature change during processing is not adjusted to maintain the best cooling effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, such as poor cooling efficiency and low machining accuracy, the present invention aims to provide a machining machine and a drilling method that are convenient for reducing temperature and improving machining accuracy.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A drilling method, comprising: the drilling method comprises the following steps: S1: The first drill bit is mounted on the spindle, and the first drill bit performs initial drilling at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the inner cooling component and the outer cooling component cool the first drill bit; after drilling, the detection component performs the first detection on the drilling; S2: Switch the first drill bit on the spindle to the second drill bit, and the second drill bit performs a second drilling on the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the inner cooling component and the outer cooling component cool down the second drill bit; after drilling, the detection component performs a second detection on the drilling; S3: the second drill bit on the spindle is switched to the third drill bit, and the third drill bit performs a third drilling on the drilling position of the workpiece. During the drilling, the inner cooling component and the outer cooling component cool down the third drill bit; after the drilling, the detection component performs a third detection on the drilling; S4: Analyze the results of the first test, the second test, and the third test to determine the accuracy of the processed hole and the damage of the drill bit; In S1 to S3, when the drill bit drills a hole in a workpiece, the external cooling component first contacts the workpiece to start the internal cooling component. During the drilling process, the start-up of the external cooling component and the flow rate of the coolant are controlled according to the temperature changes of the workpiece and the coolant.

[0006] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first drill bit is smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end of the first drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end.

[0007] In some embodiments, the diameter of the second drill bit is smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end of the second drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end; the width of the second drill bit spiral groove close to the drilling end is greater than the width away from the drilling end.

[0008] In some embodiments, the diameter of the third drill bit is equal to the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end of the third drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end.

[0009] In some embodiments, the drilling ends of the first drill bit and the second drill bit are tapered, and the included angle of the tapered end is 80-90 degrees.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first drill bit and the second drill bit have a rotation speed of 2000-2500 revolutions per minute when drilling; the third drill bit has a rotation speed of 3000-4000 revolutions per minute when drilling.

[0011] In some embodiments, the internal cooling component delivers cooling liquid to the through hole through the first pump body, and the cooling liquid flows through the through hole to one end of the drill hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the external cooling component is provided with a temperature sensor and a trigger mechanism; when the external cooling component contacts the workpiece, the trigger mechanism controls the internal cooling component to start; When the temperature sensor sends a signal, the external cooling component is started, and the pumping speed of the first pump body is controlled to increase; When the drill bit is drilling, the external cooling assembly is sleeved on the outside of the drill bit and is spaced apart from the drill bit.

[0013] In some embodiments, the detection assembly includes an analysis module and a plurality of detection light sources; The detection light source can emit infrared light and white light. The infrared light irradiates a line and points to the edge of the processed hole. The infrared light is used to analyze the diameter and shape of the circular hole. The white light illuminates the processed hole for analyzing the smoothness inside the hole. The analysis module is used to analyze the infrared light and white light irradiated by the detection light source.

[0014] In some embodiments, comprising a body and a processor; A fixing seat for fixing the workpiece is provided on the machine body; the fixing seat is used to fix the workpiece; The processor is used to execute a drilling method.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: firstly, the temperature is lowered by the operation of the internal cooling component, and then the flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling component is accelerated and the external cooling component is started through temperature changes, thereby realizing dual operation, which can reduce the waste of coolant resources when the drilling temperature is low, and can quickly cool down when the temperature rises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the machine tool of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of point A of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a main body stereogram of the processing device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a processing state diagram of the processing device of the present invention; Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the main axis of the present invention; Figure 6 An exploded view of the spindle and the internal cooling assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the external cooling assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a first drill bit of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of a second drill bit of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a stereogram of the third head of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the temperature control mechanism of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of the swing rod of the external cooling assembly of the present invention after it swings upward; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of processing an elliptical hole according to the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 100, processing device; 110, main body; 120, main shaft; 130, internal cooling assembly; 140, external cooling assembly; 150, trigger mechanism; 160, detection assembly; 170, through hole; 180, temperature control mechanism; 10a, a first drill bit; 10b, a second drill bit; 10c, a third drill bit; 11a, drilling end; 11b, clamping end; 131, liquid delivery pipe; 132, rotating sealing ring; 133, first pump body; 141. second pump body; 142. telescopic member; 143. swing assembly; 144. liquid delivery pipe; 145. liquid spray assembly; 14a, sleeve; 14b, rotating wheel; 14c, swing rod; 14d, spring; 14f, arc block; 14e, liquid injection port; 161. Detection light source; 162. Analysis module; 181, a first temperature sensor; 182, a second temperature sensor; 200, fixed seat; 210, machine tool; 220, machine body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] For the convenience of describing the first direction, the second direction and the third direction in the embodiment of the present application, the first direction is the left-right direction in the drawings, the second direction is the front-back direction in the drawings, and the third direction is the up-down direction in the drawings. The x-axis arrow direction is referred to as the "right" direction in the following text, the y-axis arrow direction is referred to as the "up" direction in the following text, and the z-axis arrow direction is referred to as the "back" direction in the following text, which is not limited to the actual application of the present application.

[0021] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1-3As shown, this embodiment provides a processing device, which includes a main body 110, a spindle 120, a drill bit 160, an inner cooling assembly 130, an outer cooling assembly 140, a trigger mechanism 150 and a temperature control mechanism. The spindle 120 is mounted on the main body 110 for outputting rotation; the drill bit 160 is mounted on the spindle 120 for drilling a workpiece; the inner cooling assembly 130 is used to cool the end and the inside of the drill bit 160; the outer cooling assembly 140 is used to cool the outside of the drill bit 160 and the workpiece; the trigger mechanism 150 is used to start the inner cooling assembly 130; when the spindle 120 drives the drill bit 160 to rotate, the trigger mechanism 150 starts the inner cooling assembly 130 and the outer cooling assembly 140, and the temperature control mechanism 180 is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the inner cooling assembly 130 and control the start of the outer cooling assembly 140. When the spindle 120 drives the drill bit to move toward the workpiece, the trigger mechanism 150 starts the internal cooling component 130. When the temperature is greater than the threshold, the temperature control mechanism 180 controls the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 and controls the start of the external cooling component 140. When drilling is stopped, the internal cooling component 130 and the external cooling component 140 are turned off. In other words, when the drill bit 160 is drilling, when the temperature is within 28 degrees, that is, the temperature at which the drill bit and the workpiece will not be damaged, the drill bit is cooled mainly by the internal cooling component 130. When the temperature exceeds this temperature during processing, the external cooling component 140 starts to work, and at the same time, the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 is accelerated. Under the dual action, the workpiece and the drill bit will not be damaged, ensuring the normal drilling process.

[0022] In this embodiment, if Figure 5-6 As shown, the internal cooling assembly 130 includes a first liquid delivery pipe 131 and a rotating seal ring 132. The rotating seal ring 132 is an O-ring. A through hole 170 is provided in the drill bit 160, which passes through both ends. The first pump body 133 and the first liquid delivery pipe 131 are installed on the main body 110 and are located on the inner side of the spindle 120. The first liquid delivery pipe 131 is sleeved on the end of the clamping end 11b of the drill bit 160; the rotating seal ring 132 is installed between the first liquid delivery pipe 131 and the drill bit 160, so that the liquid delivery pipe 131 and the drill bit 160 are rotationally sealed, and the coolant flows to the end of the drill hole through the through hole 170 in the drill bit 160. The first pump body 133 is used to transport the flowing coolant into the through hole 170 in the drill bit 160 through the first liquid delivery pipe 131, and the coolant flows through the through hole 170 to one end of the drill hole and finally flows out through the drilled hole, so that the temperature inside the drill bit 160 and the drill hole will not rise, and it can be ensured that the drill bit 160 and the workpiece will not be damaged due to the temperature rise when drilling. The use of a rotary seal to cool the inside and end of the drill bit 160 can prevent the coolant from penetrating into the spindle 120 and affecting the normal operation of the spindle 120 without affecting the rotation of the drill bit.

[0023] In this embodiment, lubricating oil is also added to the coolant. When the coolant flows to one end of the drill hole through the through hole 170, the lubricant added to the coolant can make the drill bit 160 drill more smoothly, preventing damage to the drill bit 160 and the workpiece due to large resistance between the drill bit 160 and the workpiece; and the coolant flows out through the drilling end 11a of the drill bit, which can promptly bring out the drilled debris through the spiral groove on the drill bit, preventing it from accumulating at the drilling end 11a of the drill bit and affecting the drilling.

[0024] In this embodiment, if Figure 3-4 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the external cooling assembly 140 includes a second pump body 141, a telescopic member 142, a swing assembly 143, a second liquid delivery pipe 144 and a liquid spray assembly 145. The second pump body 141 and the telescopic member 142 are installed on the main body, the swing assembly 143 is installed on one end of the telescopic member close to the workpiece, and the liquid spray assembly 145 is installed on one end of the swing assembly 143 away from the telescopic member. The telescopic member 142 makes the liquid spray assembly 145 contact the workpiece through the swing member; one end of the second liquid delivery pipe 144 is connected to the liquid spray assembly 145, and the other end passes through the inside of the telescopic member 142 and is connected to the second pump body 141; when the external cooling assembly 140 needs to be cooled, the second pump body 141 makes the coolant spray out from the liquid spray assembly 145 through the second liquid delivery pipe 144. That is to say, when the drill bit moves toward the workpiece, the telescopic member 142 contacts the workpiece first, and when the drill bit continues to move toward the workpiece, the telescopic rod contracts and always contacts the workpiece; when the telescopic rod contacts the workpiece, the swing assembly 143 swings downward, and the spray assembly 145 installed on the swing assembly 143 contacts the workpiece; when the external processing assembly needs to work, the second pump body 141 sprays the coolant through the spray assembly 145 via the second liquid delivery pipe 144.

[0025] In this embodiment, the telescopic member 142 is a telescopic rod, both rods of the telescopic rod are hollow, and the second liquid delivery pipe 144 is a hose, and the second liquid delivery pipe 144 passes through the hollow position inside the telescopic rod to the second pump body 141. The second liquid delivery pipe 144 is placed in the telescopic rod so that the second liquid delivery pipe 144 will not swing back and forth, thereby ensuring stability during liquid delivery.

[0026] In this embodiment, the swing assembly 143 includes a sleeve 14, a rotating wheel 14b, a swing rod 14c, and a spring 14d sleeved on the telescopic member 142. The sleeve 14 is sleeved on the telescopic member 142, and the sleeve 14 can move along the telescopic member 142. The spring 14d gives the sleeve 14 a force to move toward the workpiece; the rotating wheel 14b is installed on the telescopic member 142, and the rotating wheel 14b contacts the outer side of the sleeve 14. When the sleeve 14 moves, the rotating wheel 14b is driven to rotate; the swing rod 14c is fixedly installed on the rotating wheel 14b, and the spray assembly 145 is installed on the end of the swing rod 14c away from the rotating wheel 14b; when the telescopic member 142 moves toward the workpiece with the drill bit, the sleeve 14 first contacts the workpiece, and the workpiece The sleeve 14 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 14d and moves. When the sleeve 14 moves, the liquid spraying assembly 145 contacts the workpiece via the rotating wheel 14b and the rocker 14c. At this time, the telescopic member 142 contacts the workpiece and retracts. The sleeve 14 stops moving. The sleeve 14 keeps the liquid spraying assembly 145 in contact with the workpiece and does not separate from it. When the drill bit separates from the workpiece, the telescopic member 142 separates from the workpiece, and the elastic force of the spring 14d resets the sleeve 14 and the telescopic member 142. The sleeve 14 makes the liquid spraying assembly 145 move closer to the telescopic rod via the rotating wheel 14b. That is to say, when the sleeve 14 moves toward the workpiece with the telescopic member 142, the sleeve 14 first contacts the workpiece, and the workpiece stops the sleeve 14 from moving, and the sleeve 14 compresses the compression spring. At this time, the sleeve 14 moves toward one side of the main body relative to the telescopic member 142, and the sleeve 14 pushes the rotating wheel 14b to rotate, causing the rocker arm 14c to swing downward until the telescopic member 142 contacts the workpiece, and the rocker arm 14c stops swinging downward. At this time, the spray assembly 145 installed on the rocker arm 14c contacts the workpiece; when the telescopic member 142 moves in a direction away from the workpiece, the spring 14d pushes the sleeve 14 to move in the direction of the workpiece under the action of elastic force, and the sleeve 14 causes the rocker arm 14c to swing toward the telescopic member 142, reducing the space it occupies, and the retraction of the rocker arm 14c can prevent the drill bit from colliding with the spray assembly 145 when the drill bit is replaced.

[0027] In this embodiment, a clearance groove is provided on one side of the sleeve 14, and the clearance groove runs through the upper and lower ends. The friction between the sleeve 14 and the rotating wheel 14b is smaller than the friction between the inner and outer rods of the telescopic rod; one end of the spring 14d is fixed to the fixed end of the telescopic member 142, and the other end of the spring 14d is fixed to the sleeve 14. When the spring 14d pushes the sleeve 14 to move, the spring drives the movable rod of the telescopic member 142 to move toward the workpiece through the installation position of the rotating wheel 14b, ensuring that when drilling again, the external cooling assembly 140 is restored to the state before use, ready for the next processing at any time.

[0028] In this embodiment, the liquid spraying assembly 145 includes an arc block 14f and a plurality of liquid spraying ports 14e provided on the arc block 14f. The interior of the arc block 14f is a hollow chamber, the outer side of the arc block 14f is fixedly mounted with the swing rod 14c, the second liquid delivery pipe 144 is connected with the interior of the arc block 14f, and the plurality of liquid spraying ports 14e are provided on the inner side of the arc block 14f; when the liquid spraying assembly 145 contacts the workpiece, the arc block 14f is sleeved on the outer side of the drill bit. The arc block 14f is swung downward and sleeved on the outer side of the drill bit, and sprays through the plurality of liquid spraying ports 14e, so that liquid can be sprayed around the drill bit during the liquid spraying process, ensuring that the outer side of the drill bit and the workpiece are located around the processing hole for rapid cooling, and preventing the problem that the liquid spraying on one side makes it difficult to cool down the other side. At the same time, the arc block 14f is used to prevent the drill bit from contacting the arc block 14f when the swing rod 14c swings.

[0029] In this embodiment, if Fig.11 As shown, the temperature control mechanism 180 includes a first temperature sensor 181 and a second temperature sensor 182. The first temperature sensor 181 is installed at one end of the arc block 14f, and the first temperature sensor 181 is used to detect the temperature of the outflowing coolant; the second temperature sensor 182 is installed on the side of the arc block 14f close to the workpiece, and the second temperature sensor 182 is used to check the temperature of the workpiece. That is to say, when the coolant flows out after cooling the drill bit, due to the contact between the arc block 14f and the workpiece, the outflowing coolant will preferentially flow out between the two ends of the arc block 14f, and the first temperature sensor 181 is placed at one end of the arc block 14f, so that the temperature of the outflowing liquid can be detected in time, and then it is judged whether it exceeds the threshold temperature according to the detected temperature. When it exceeds the threshold temperature, the external cooling component 140 sprays liquid through the liquid spray port 14e to cool the outside of the drill bit and the workpiece located around the processing hole, and the flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling component 130 is accelerated to ensure that the temperature inside the drill bit and the processing hole drops rapidly. Similarly, the second temperature sensor 182 is used to check the temperature of the workpiece located around the processing hole. When the temperature of the workpiece rises, since the workpiece is made of metal and has a fast heat conductivity, the second temperature sensor 182 can also detect the temperature in time. When it is detected that the temperature exceeds the threshold, the external cooling component 140 sprays liquid through the spray port 14e to cool the outside of the drill bit and the workpiece located around the processing hole, and the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 is accelerated to ensure that the temperature inside the drill bit and the processing hole drops rapidly.

[0030] When drilling, if the temperature is higher than 28 degrees, it will easily cause damage to the drill bit and the workpiece. When the temperature is between 23-28 degrees, although it will not cause damage, it is in a transitional stage. If it is not controlled, it is easy to cause the temperature to rise rapidly, resulting in damage to the drill bit and the workpiece; Optionally, the first temperature sensor 181 corresponds to two temperature thresholds, namely the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold is 20 degrees, and the second temperature threshold is 25 degrees; since the coolant temperature will be lower than the actual drill bit temperature when the coolant flows out, the actual drill bit temperature is 2-3 degrees lower than the coolant temperature, and the first temperature threshold detected by the first temperature sensor 181 is a reference value to ensure that the drill bit is safer when drilling; the second temperature threshold detected by the first sensor is a critical value for dangerous drilling; Optionally, the second temperature sensor 182 corresponds to two temperature thresholds, namely the third temperature threshold and the fourth temperature threshold. The fourth temperature threshold is 23 degrees, and the fifth temperature threshold is 28 degrees. Since the temperature change of the drill bit is caused by the friction with the workpiece, the temperature change of the drill bit will be synchronized with the temperature change of the workpiece, and the third temperature threshold of the second temperature sensor 182 is a reference value to ensure that the drill bit is safer when drilling; the fourth temperature threshold detected by the second temperature sensor 182 is a critical value for dangerous drilling; During the detection process of the first temperature sensor 181 and the second temperature sensor 182, when the temperatures detected by both are below the reference value, the internal cooling component 130 only needs to operate normally; when one of them is below the first reference value and the other is above the first reference value and below the critical value, the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 will be controlled to increase; when any one of the detected temperature thresholds is greater than the critical value, the external cooling component 140 will be triggered to work.

[0031] In this embodiment, the processing device further includes a detection component 160. The detection component 160 is installed on the main body 110, and the detection component 160 is used to detect the processing hole of the workpiece. By using the detection component 160 for detection, it is ensured that the accuracy of the processing hole is within the specified range after drilling; and the processing personnel can be reminded immediately that the processing accuracy is unqualified, and it can be judged whether there is a problem with the drill bit 160 or the workpiece is not clamped firmly according to the unqualified product.

[0032] In this embodiment, if Figure 1-2As shown, the detection component 160 includes a detection light source 161 and an analysis module 162. The detection light source 161 and the analysis module 162 are both installed on the main body 110; the number of the detection light sources 161 is greater than or equal to 5. The detection light source can emit infrared light and white light. The infrared light of the detection light source 161 is used to illuminate the edge of the processing hole after the drill bit 160 moves out of the processing hole, and the white light is used to illuminate the inside of the processing hole. The analysis module 162 analyzes the reflected light irradiated on the processing hole to determine whether it is on the same circle and the finish inside the processing hole. That is to say, after drilling, the infrared light of the detection light source 161 is irradiated on the edge of the processed hole respectively, and then reflected to the analysis module for analysis. The analysis method is that the infrared light irradiated on the edge of the processed hole is equivalent to the marking point. A circle is drawn based on any three marking points. First, it is determined whether the diameter of the circle is consistent with the diameter of the hole to be processed. If it is inconsistent, it means that the processed hole is unqualified; if it is consistent, then observe whether other marking points fall on this circle; if it falls on this circle, it means that the cross-section of the processed hole is circular, and the processed hole is qualified; if other marking points do not fall on this circle, it means that the processed hole is unqualified. Using more than or equal to five detection light sources 161 can prevent the situation where the final processed hole is an ellipse and the number of detection light sources X is four, which will prevent the mistaken judgment that the processed hole is qualified. For details, please refer to Fig.13 .

[0033] like Figure 3 , 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a machine tool 210, including a machine body 220 and a processing device. The main body of the processing device is installed on the machine body 220; a fixing seat 200 is provided on the machine body 220, and the fixing seat 200 is used to fix the workpiece. The main body 110 and the fixing seat 200 are installed on the machine body 220, which can facilitate rapid drilling.

[0034] Embodiment 2: like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a drilling method, which includes the following steps: S1: The first drill bit 10a is mounted on the spindle 120, and the first drill bit 10a performs initial drilling at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the inner cooling component 130 and the outer cooling component 140 cool down the first drill bit 10a; after drilling, the detection component 160 performs the first detection on the drilling; S2: The first drill bit 10a on the spindle 120 is switched to the second drill bit 10b, and the second drill bit 10b performs a second drilling on the drilling position of the workpiece. During the drilling, the inner cooling component 130 and the outer cooling component 140 cool down the second drill bit 10b; after the drilling, the detection component 160 performs a second detection on the drilling; S3: The second drill bit 10b on the spindle 120 is switched to the third drill bit 10c, and the third drill bit 10c performs a third drilling on the drilling position of the workpiece. During the drilling, the inner cooling component 130 and the outer cooling component 140 cool down the third drill bit 10c; after the drilling, the detection component 160 performs a third detection on the drilling; S4: Analyze the results of the first test, the second test, and the third test to determine the accuracy of the processed hole; In S1 to S3, when the drill bit drills a hole in a workpiece, the external cooling component 140 first contacts the workpiece to start the internal cooling component 130. During the drilling process, the start-up of the external cooling component 140 and the flow rate of the coolant are controlled according to the temperature changes of the workpiece and the coolant.

[0035] The first drill bit 10a is used for initial drilling, and the hole drilled is a positioning hole, which can effectively observe the accuracy of the drilling. The second drill bit 10b is used for depth processing, which can effectively ensure the processing depth. Finally, the third drill bit 10c is used for processing, which can effectively ensure the processing accuracy. The above three-step processing can effectively ensure long-term drilling operations.

[0036] When drilling with the first drill bit 10a, the second drill bit 10b, and the third drill bit 10c, the external cooling component 140 first contacts the workpiece, then the internal cooling component 130 is controlled to start, and then the drill bit is used to drill, to prevent the drill bit from moving a long distance before drilling, causing a large amount of coolant to be sprayed out instead of being used for processing, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0037] When the temperature is within the threshold during the drilling process, only the internal cooling component 130 needs to operate to effectively prevent the drill bit and the workpiece from being damaged, and there will be no excessive spraying of coolant. When the temperature rises during the drilling process, that is, when the temperature of the coolant sprayed from the internal cooling component 130 flowing to the external cooling component 140 is high or the temperature of the workpiece is high, the external cooling component 140 is started and the speed of the internal cooling component 130 spraying coolant is increased. The start of the external cooling component 140 can reduce the temperature of the outside of the drill bit and the vicinity of the drilling hole outside the workpiece, and the accelerated coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 can timely bring out the heat inside the drill bit and the heat in the drill hole of the drill bit, so that the temperature of the drill bit and the workpiece drops rapidly under the dual effects of the start of the external cooling component 140 and the accelerated coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130, thereby ensuring that the drill bit and the workpiece will not be damaged.

[0038] The first and second tests are used to mainly judge the diameter and shape of the hole. According to the analyzed data, it is judged whether it exceeds the preset size too much, and the farthest distance of the hole diameter is analyzed according to the processing shape, and the farthest distance is compared with the preset diameter of the processed hole to judge whether it exceeds the preset diameter of the processed hole; the third test is used, and the first and second tests are also used to judge the diameter of the hole and the shape of the hole, and the processing accuracy is guaranteed to reach plus or minus 0.01mm. In addition, the finish of the processed hole is tested to ensure that the finish reaches Ra0.2. If the preset size is exceeded during the first, second and third tests, or the shape is not circular during the third test, it means that the processed part is a defective product. Similarly, the low finish during the third test also causes the processed part to be a defective product. When a defective product appears, the detection device will prompt once and record the number of times the defective product appears during the test. When multiple defective products appear continuously, an alarm will be issued. After the alarm is issued, the operator stops the processing in time, and finds the drill bit that causes damage to the workpiece according to the records, and replaces the drill bit in time and effectively. It can effectively solve the problem that after a drill bit has been used for a long time, its damage or deformation is difficult to be observed with the naked eye, resulting in a large number of defective parts in later processing.

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the diameter of the first drill bit 10a is smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end 11a of the first drill bit 10a is provided with a through hole 170 connected to the clamping end 11b. The coolant in the internal cooling assembly 130 flows to the drilling end 11a through the through hole 170. The first drill bit 10a has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, which can prevent errors from occurring during the first step of overtime, which are difficult to correct later, and can also prevent the problem of low initial drilling accuracy that cannot meet the processing accuracy. The drilling end 11a is provided with a through hole 170 connected to the clamping end 11b, which can facilitate the coolant to flow into the through hole 170, and cool down the inside of the first drill bit 10a and the drilling end 11a.

[0040] like Fig. 9As shown, in this embodiment, the diameter of the second drill bit 10b is smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end 11a of the second drill bit 10b is provided with a through hole 170 connected to the clamping end 11b; the width of the spiral groove of the second drill bit 10b near the drilling end 11a is greater than the width away from the drilling end 11a. The coolant in the internal cooling component 130 flows to the drilling end 11a through the through hole 170. The use of the second drill bit 10b having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the processed hole can prevent the problem of low processing accuracy caused by large drilling resistance during deep drilling and failure to meet the processing accuracy. The use of the second drill bit 10b having a spiral groove having a width near the drilling end 11a greater than the width away from the drilling end 11a can facilitate the timely discharge of debris generated during drilling; and the use of the drilling end 11a having a through hole 170 connected to the clamping end 11b can facilitate the coolant to flow into the through hole 170, and cool the inside of the second drill bit 10b and the drilling end 11a.

[0041] like Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment, the diameter of the third drill bit 10c is equal to the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end 11a of the third drill bit 10c is provided with a through hole 170 connected to the clamping end 11b. The third drill bit 10c is a twist drill. The coolant in the internal cooling component 130 flows to the drilling end 11a through the through hole 170. The use of the third drill bit 10c for hole expansion can effectively ensure the accuracy of the drilling, and at the same time, the use of the drilling end 11a provided with a through hole 170 connected to the clamping end 11b can facilitate the coolant to flow into the through hole 170, cool down the inside of the third drill bit 10c and the drilling end 11a, and further ensure the processing accuracy.

[0042] like Figure 8-9 As shown, in this embodiment, the drilling ends 11a of the first drill bit 10a and the second drill bit 10b are conical, and the angle of the cone is 80-90 degrees. Using the 80-90 conical end for drilling can ensure the initial positioning and drilling processing speed, and improve the processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0043] like Figure 8-10 As shown, in this embodiment, the through holes 170 of the first drill bit 10a, the second drill bit 10b and the third drill bit 10c are all spiral-shaped. The through holes 170 of the first drill bit 10a, the second drill bit 10b and the third drill bit 10c are all spiral-shaped, which can increase the contact between the coolant and the inside of the drill bit and improve the cooling effect; and the through hole 170 of the third drill bit 10c is spiral-shaped, and the coolant can flow to the side wall of the processing hole under the action of the spiral after flowing out of one end of the drilling hole of the third drill bit 10c to cool the side wall. When cooling the side wall of the processing hole, the temperature generated by the friction between the drill bit and the workpiece is further reduced, which indirectly cools the drill bit. By cooling the workpiece, it is further ensured that the drill bit is not damaged by heat.

[0044] In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the first drill bit 10a and the second drill bit 10b during drilling is 2000-2500 rpm; the rotation speed of the third drill bit 10c during drilling is 3000-4000 rpm; due to the combination of internal cooling, cooling of the processing end and external cooling, it is ensured that the temperature during processing will not be too high, and the use of 2000-2500 of the first drill bit 10a and the second drill bit 10b can make the drilling speed faster; the use of the third drill bit 10c with a rotation speed of 3000-4000 rpm improves the drilling speed in the prior art, which can better ensure the processing accuracy and surface finish.

[0045] In this embodiment, the inner cooling assembly 130 delivers cooling liquid to the through hole via the first pump body 133, and the cooling liquid flows to one end of the drill hole via the through hole. The first pump body 133 is used to deliver cooling liquid to the inner cooling assembly 130, which can ensure effective liquid delivery pressure.

[0046] In this embodiment, the external cooling component 140 is provided with a temperature sensor and a trigger mechanism 150; when the external cooling component 140 contacts the workpiece, the trigger mechanism 150 controls the first pump body 133 to start; when the temperature sensor sends a signal, the external cooling component 140 starts; and controls the first pump body 133 to pump liquid faster; when the drill bit is drilling, the external cooling component 140 is sleeved on the outside of the drill bit and is spaced from the drill bit. That is, when the drill bit moves toward the workpiece and does not contact the workpiece, the external processing component 140 first contacts the workpiece and always contacts the workpiece. After the external processing component 140 contacts the workpiece, the first pump body 133 is started by the trigger mechanism 150, and the internal cooling component 130 causes the drill bit to start discharging liquid through the drilling end, which ensures that the cooling operation can be carried out in time and prevents the waste of resources caused by discharging liquid when the drill bit moves a long distance. After the outer cooling component 140 contacts the workpiece, when the drill bit is drilling, since the outer cooling component 140 is sleeved on the outside of the drill bit and is spaced from the drill bit, the coolant flowing out of the inner cooling component 130 can pass through the outer cooling component 140. The temperature sensor on the outer cooling component 140 will detect the temperature of the coolant and determine whether it exceeds the optimal drilling temperature of the hole based on the temperature of the coolant. When it exceeds the temperature, the temperature sensor will control the outer cooling component 140 to start, and the outer cooling component 140 will spray coolant to the drill bit. At the same time, the temperature sensor will also control the first pump body 133 to increase the pumping speed, thereby quickly achieving a cooling effect. Similarly, the temperature sensor of the outer cooling component 140 can also detect the temperature of the workpiece, and can control the outer cooling component 140 and the first pump body 133 according to the temperature of the workpiece. At the same time, detecting the temperature of the outflowing coolant and the temperature of the workpiece can effectively avoid the problem of inaccurate measurement of one of the temperatures, thereby further ensuring the cooling effect.

[0047] The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor 181 detects the temperature of the outflowing liquid, and then determines whether the temperature exceeds the threshold value based on the detected temperature. If it exceeds the threshold value, the external cooling component 140 sprays liquid to cool the outside of the drill bit and the workpiece located around the processing hole, and the flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling component 130 is accelerated to ensure that the temperature inside the drill bit and the processing hole drops rapidly. Similarly, the second temperature sensor 182 checks the temperature of the workpiece located around the processing hole. When the temperature of the workpiece rises, the second temperature sensor 182 can also detect the temperature in time because the workpiece is metal and has a fast heat conductivity; when the temperature exceeds the threshold value, the external cooling component 140 sprays liquid to cool the outside of the drill bit and the workpiece located around the processing hole, and the flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling component 130 is accelerated to ensure that the temperature inside the drill bit and the processing hole drops rapidly.

[0048] When drilling, if the temperature is higher than 28 degrees, it will easily cause damage to the drill bit and the workpiece. When the temperature is between 23-28 degrees, although it will not cause damage, it is in a transitional stage. If it is not controlled, it is easy to cause the temperature to rise rapidly, resulting in damage to the drill bit and the workpiece; Optionally, the first temperature sensor 181 corresponds to two temperature thresholds, namely the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold is 20 degrees, and the second temperature threshold is 25 degrees; since the coolant temperature will be lower than the actual drill bit temperature when the coolant flows out, the actual drill bit temperature is 2-3 degrees higher than the coolant temperature, and the first temperature threshold detected by the first temperature sensor 181 is a reference value to ensure that the drill bit is safer when drilling; the second temperature threshold detected by the first sensor is a critical value for dangerous drilling; Optionally, the second temperature sensor 182 corresponds to two temperature thresholds, namely the third temperature threshold and the fourth temperature threshold. The fourth temperature threshold is 23 degrees, and the fifth temperature threshold is 28 degrees. Since the temperature change of the drill bit is caused by the friction with the workpiece, the temperature change of the drill bit will be synchronized with the temperature change of the workpiece, and the third temperature threshold of the second temperature sensor 182 is a reference value to ensure that the drill bit is safer when drilling; the fourth temperature threshold detected by the second temperature sensor 182 is a critical value for dangerous drilling; During the detection process of the first temperature sensor 181 and the second temperature sensor 182, when the temperatures detected by both are below the reference value, the internal cooling component 130 only needs to operate normally; when one of them is below the first reference value and the other is above the first reference value and below the critical value, the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 will be controlled to increase; when any one of the detected temperature thresholds is greater than the critical value, the external cooling component 140 will be triggered to work.

[0049] In this embodiment, if Figure 1-2 As shown, the detection assembly 160 includes an analysis module 162 and a plurality of detection light sources 161. The detection light source 161 emits infrared light and white light. The infrared light irradiates a line and points to the edge of the processed hole. The infrared light is used to analyze the diameter and shape of the circular hole. The white light illuminates the processed hole for analyzing the smoothness inside the hole. The infrared light or white light irradiated on the workpiece will be reflected to the analysis module. The analysis method is that the infrared light spot irradiated on the edge of the processing hole is equivalent to the marking point. When drilling for the first drill bit 10a and the second drill bit 10b, a circle is drawn based on any three marking points. First, it is determined whether the diameter of the circle is consistent with the diameter of the corresponding drill bit. If not, its diameter is compared with the preset diameter of the processing hole. If it is larger than the preset processing hole diameter, it means that it has exceeded the actual diameter of the hole to be processed and is a defective product. It is only necessary to replace the next processing part without continuing the subsequent processing; if the diameter of the circle is consistent with the diameter of the drill bit, it is determined whether other marking points fall on this circle. If they fall on this circle, it means that it does not exceed the actual diameter of the hole to be processed, and step S3 can still be performed. If it does not fall on this circle, it is determined whether the distance from other marking points to the center of the circle is greater than the preset radius of the processing hole. If it is greater than the preset radius of the processing hole, it means that it has exceeded the actual diameter of the hole to be processed and is a defective product. It is necessary to replace the next processing part without continuing the subsequent processing; if it is smaller than the radius of the processing hole, it means that it does not exceed the actual diameter of the hole to be processed and step S3 can still be performed.

[0050] When drilling with the third drill bit 10c, first determine whether the diameter of the circle is consistent with the preset diameter of the processing hole, which means that it has exceeded the actual diameter of the hole to be processed and is a defective product; if it is consistent, then determine whether other marking points fall on this circle; if it falls on this circle, it means that the cross-section of the processing hole is circular and the processing hole is qualified; if other marking points do not fall on this circle, it means that it has exceeded the actual diameter of the hole to be processed and is a defective product.

[0051] After the white light is irradiated into the processed hole, the processed hole is illuminated, and the brightness of the processed hole and then the smoothness of the processed hole are judged according to the brightness reflected to the analysis module.

[0052] By irradiating infrared light and white light and analyzing the reflected information, we can effectively understand the processing accuracy and smoothness of each product. When defective products appear due to insufficient processing accuracy and smoothness, the staff can quickly find the cause of the defective products based on the analysis results, and replace the processed parts and damaged drill bits in time, which can effectively improve the processing efficiency and reduce the formation of defective products.

[0053] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a processing machine tool, including a machine body 110 and a processor; a fixing seat 200 for fixing a workpiece is provided on the machine body 110, and the fixing seat 200 is used to fix the workpiece. The processor is used to perform drilling processing, that is, when drilling, the processor processes the start and stop of the spindle, the start and stop of the inner cooling component 130 and the outer cooling component 140, and the start and stop of the detection component.

[0054] In summary, the present invention provides a processing machine tool and a drilling processing method, which first cools down the machine tool by means of an internal cooling component, and then controls the flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling component to be accelerated and the external cooling component to be started through temperature changes, thereby realizing dual operation, which can reduce the waste of coolant resources when the drilling temperature is low, and can quickly cool down the machine tool when the temperature rises.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A drilling method, characterized in that: The processing method comprises the following steps: S1: The first drill bit is mounted on the spindle, and the first drill bit performs initial drilling at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the inner cooling component and the outer cooling component cool the first drill bit; after drilling, the detection component performs the first detection on the drilling; S2: Switch the first drill bit on the spindle to the second drill bit, and the second drill bit performs a second drilling on the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the inner cooling component and the outer cooling component cool down the second drill bit; after drilling, the detection component performs a second detection on the drilling; S3: the second drill bit on the spindle is switched to the third drill bit, and the third drill bit performs a third drilling on the drilling position of the workpiece. During the drilling, the inner cooling component and the outer cooling component cool down the third drill bit; after the drilling, the detection component performs a third detection on the drilling; S4: Analyze the results of the first test, the second test, and the third test to determine the accuracy of the processed hole and the damage of the drill bit; In S1 to S3, when the drill bit drills a hole in a workpiece, the external cooling component first contacts the workpiece to start the internal cooling component. During the drilling process, the start-up of the external cooling component and the flow rate of the coolant are controlled according to the temperature changes of the workpiece and the coolant.

2. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the first drill bit is smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, and a through hole communicating with the clamping end is provided at the drilling end of the first drill bit.

3. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the second drill bit is smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end of the second drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end; the width of the second drill bit spiral groove close to the drilling end is greater than the width away from the drilling end.

4. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the third drill bit is equal to the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end of the third drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end.

5. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling ends of the first drill bit and the second drill bit are tapered, and the angle of the tapered end is 80-90 degrees.

6. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the first drill bit and the second drill bit when drilling is 2000-2500 revolutions per minute; the rotation speed of the third drill bit when drilling is 3000-4000 revolutions per minute.

7. The drilling method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The inner cooling component delivers cooling liquid to the through hole through the first pump body, and the cooling liquid flows to one end of the drill hole through the through hole.

8. The drilling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The external cooling component is provided with a temperature sensor and a trigger mechanism; when the external cooling component contacts the workpiece, the trigger mechanism controls the internal cooling component to start; When the temperature sensor sends a signal, the external cooling component is started, and the pumping speed of the first pump body is controlled to increase; When the drill bit is drilling, the external cooling assembly is sleeved on the outside of the drill bit and is spaced apart from the drill bit.

9. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component includes an analysis module and a plurality of detection light sources; The detection light source can emit infrared light and white light. The infrared light irradiates a line and points to the edge of the processed hole. The infrared light is used to analyze the diameter and shape of the circular hole. The white light illuminates the processed hole for analyzing the smoothness inside the hole. The analysis module is used to analyze the infrared light and white light irradiated by the detection light source.

10. A processing machine tool, characterized in that: Includes the body and processor; A fixing seat for fixing the workpiece is provided on the machine body; the fixing seat is used to fix the workpiece; The processor is used to execute any one of the drilling methods in claims 1-9.

Images