Intelligent dimming glass film and application thereof in automobile awning

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent dimming glass film and application thereof in an automobile sunscreen, a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer is introduced into a photochromic material to improve fatigue resistance, in addition, hexamethoxymethyl melamine is taken as a cross-linking agent, tricaprylin is taken as a plasticizer and a reinforcing agent to improve photochromic sensitivity, and the photochromic effect is improved. The dimming performance of the photochromic film is obviously improved; according to the intelligent dimming glass film, the TPU film and the fluorinated protective metal coating film are combined, and the light transmittance of each layer is set, so that the dimming condition and the required heat insulation capability of a photochromic film can be considered, the defect of low sensitivity when the intelligent dimming glass film is applied to dimming of an automobile awning is overcome, the light transmittance can be adjusted and ensured as required, and the intelligent dimming glass film has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of glass films, in particular to intelligent dimming glass films and applications in automobile skylights. Background Art

[0002] Glass has a very high light transmittance and good lighting effect, which can provide a bright and warm atmosphere. However, with the continuous development and innovation in the automotive field, the application of skylight glass not only enhances the appearance of the vehicle, but also improves the visual experience of passengers. Due to the strong light transmittance of skylight glass, it may cause the temperature inside the car to rise under strong sunlight, making passengers feel uncomfortable. Dimming glass has become an ideal solution, which can automatically adjust the transparency according to the intensity of external light, which not only retains the beauty of the skylight glass, but also improves the comfort inside the car. Compared with traditional sunshades and sunscreen films, dimming glass has better heat insulation and aesthetics. Dimming glass can also provide privacy protection and anti-glare functions without sacrificing vision.

[0003] Existing car skylights are either made of transparent glass without heat insulation, or have a layer of metal plated between the glass layers to provide heat insulation. However, they cannot block sunlight when the sun is shining, and allow more visible light to enter when it is cloudy.

[0004] Looking at the color-changing principles on the market, there are no more than the following types: electrochromic, photochromic, thermochromic, liquid crystal window, suspended particle window, etc. Although electrochromic glass makes users very attractive, it is difficult to achieve wider commercialization because they cannot be quickly colored in a wide optical dynamic range in a low-cost manner. Photochromic has a relatively low cost, but its application is limited due to defects such as poor dimming sensitivity and low fatigue resistance.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose smart dimming glass film and its application in car skylights to meet the needs of car skylights for smart dimming. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a photochromic film and an intelligent dimming glass film to meet the demand for intelligent dimming when applied to automobile skylights.

[0007] In view of this, the scheme of the present invention is:

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a photochromic film, which is made by mixing and casting TPU particles and a photochromic material, wherein the added amount of the photochromic material is 1-10% of the total amount; the photochromic material is composed of: 1-5% of a spirooxazine compound, 1-10% of a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, 18-25% of hexamethoxymethyl melamine, and 60-70% of tricaprylin in a mass ratio.

[0009] Furthermore, the spirooxazine compound is 6'-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-1,3-dihydrospiro[indole-2,3'-naphtho[2,1-b][1,4]oxazine].

[0010] The second object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent dimming glass film, comprising a self-repairing layer, a TPU film layer, a first adhesive layer, a substrate layer, a metal plating layer, a second adhesive layer, a photochromic film layer and an installation glue layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom; the photochromic film layer is the photochromic film described in the first aspect.

[0011] Furthermore, the metal coating is a fluoride-protected metal coating with an ultraviolet light transmittance greater than 50% and a visible light transmittance greater than 40%.

[0012] Furthermore, the self-repairing layer is a polyurethane coating with an ultraviolet light transmittance greater than 50% and a thickness of 5-20 μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the ultraviolet light transmittance of the TPU film layer is greater than 50%, and the thickness is 50-200 μm.

[0014] Furthermore, the substrate layer is a PET film.

[0015] Furthermore, the smart dimming glass film also includes a release layer disposed under the installation adhesive layer, and / or a protective layer located on the self-repairing layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer are each independently selected from one of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives or polyurethane adhesives.

[0017] The third aspect of the present invention is to propose the application of the smart dimming glass film described in the second aspect in a car skylight.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The photochromic film of the present invention improves the dispersibility during casting and the anti-fatigue performance by introducing a film-forming resin into the photochromic material; hexamethoxymethyl melamine is used as a cross-linking agent, and tricaprylin is used as a plasticizer and a reinforcing agent to improve the sensitivity of photochromism, thereby significantly improving the dimming performance of the photochromic film in multiple aspects.

[0020] The smart dimming glass film provided by the present invention combines TPU film and fluorinated protective metal coating, and by setting the transmittance of each layer, it can take into account the dimming conditions and required heat insulation capacity of the photochromic film, solves the defect of low sensitivity when applied to automobile skylight dimming, and still guarantees a certain transmittance in weak light, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the smart dimming glass film provided by the present invention.

[0022] In the figure, 1, protective layer; 2, self-repairing layer; 3, TPU film layer; 4, first adhesive layer; 5, substrate layer; 6, metal plating layer; 7, second adhesive layer; 8, photochromic layer; 9, installation glue layer; 10, release layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", "setting" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In one embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the intelligent dimming glass film and its application in the automobile skylight include a protective layer 1, a self-repairing layer 2, a TPU film layer 3, a first adhesive layer 4, a substrate layer 5, a metal plating layer 6, a second adhesive layer 7, a photochromic layer 8, an installation glue layer 9 and a release layer 10 stacked in sequence from top to bottom. The protective layer 1 can be a PET film for protecting the self-repairing coating, and the release layer 10 is used to protect the installation glue, which is peeled off during installation; the self-repairing layer 2 is used to protect the TPU film layer to resist external scratches and pollutants from corroding the TPU layer, and the main component is a polyurethane coating with a UV transmittance greater than 50%; the TPU film layer 3 is used to protect the substrate layer, and the UV transmittance is greater than 50%; the substrate layer 5 can be a common PET film, and a metal layer 6 is sputtered on the surface of the film. The ultraviolet transmittance of the metal plating layer 6 is greater than 50%, and the visible light transmittance is greater than 40%, which is used to ensure a certain light transmittance of the glass film as a whole.

[0027] In the above embodiment, the photochromic layer 8 has a thickness of 20-200 μm and is made by mixing TPU particles and photochromic materials. The amount of photochromic material added is 1-10% of the total amount; the photochromic material is composed of 1-5% spirooxazine compound, 1-10% styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, 18-25% hexamethoxymethyl melamine, and 60-70% tricaprylyl. The spirooxazine compound is preferably 6'-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-1,3-dihydrospiro[indole-2,3'-naphtho[2,1-b][1,4]oxazine] (CAS No.: 114747-44-3).

[0028] In the above embodiment, the metal coating 6 is a fluoride-protected metal coating, and fluorination protection is performed on the basis of the metal coating. Preferably, a metal aluminum or metal zinc layer below 100 nm can be sputtered first, and then a surface fluorination treatment is performed. While ensuring the light transmittance of the metal coating while taking into account the heat insulation of the metal coating, the stability of the metal coating is also guaranteed.

[0029] In the above embodiment, the dispersion during casting is improved by introducing film-forming resin into the photochromic material, hexamethoxymethyl melamine is used as a cross-linking agent, and tricaprylic acid glycerol is used as a plasticizer and a reinforcing agent to improve the sensitivity of photochromism, which significantly improves the dimming performance of the photochromic film; in addition, styrene maleic anhydride copolymer as a film-forming agent further improves the anti-fatigue performance. On this basis, the smart dimming glass film can take into account the dimming conditions and required heat insulation capacity of the photochromic film by combining TPU film and fluorinated protective metal coating, and by setting the transmittance of each layer, solving the defect of low sensitivity when applied to the dimming of the car skylight, and still ensuring a certain transmittance in weak light.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the TPU particles may be made from Wanhua Chemical A9011, MirathaneTMA290, Covestro 88395AU,Lubrizol Series or BASF L700.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the fluorination protection selects a common fluorination agent to treat the surface of the metal coating. The fluorination treatment can improve the light transmittance of the coating, and the amount of fluorination treatment is carried out according to the light transmittance requirement.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, in order to take into account certain mechanical properties of the glass film, the thickness of the protective layer 1 is preferably 30-50 μm; the thickness of the self-repairing layer 2 is preferably 5-20 μm; the thickness of the TPU film layer 3 is preferably 50-200 μm; and the thickness of the substrate layer 5 is preferably 5-10 μm.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer can be made of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive or polyurethane adhesive, and the mounting adhesive layer can be made of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive or silicone.

[0034] It can be understood that, in the above embodiments, the light transmittance of each film layer can be adjusted by selecting a suitable material or by adding a regulator.

[0035] In the above embodiment, the smart dimming glass film can autonomously adjust the visible light transmittance within the range of 30-70%, 20-60%, 15-50%, and 10-40% according to the radiation intensity of the sun outside the vehicle. At the same time, the added metal coating can effectively reflect the infrared radiation of solar radiation and play a role in heat insulation.

[0036] The following are preferred implementation examples. If the manufacturer of the reagent or instrument is not specified in the examples, conventional products can be purchased from the market. If the specific conditions are not specified, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer can be used.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The preparation method of the photochromic film is prepared by mixing and casting 98wt% of TPU particles and 2wt% of photochromic material. The photochromic material is composed of 3% of 6'-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-1,3-dihydrospiro[indole-2,3'-naphtho[2,1-b][1,4]oxazine], 5% of styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, 25% of hexamethoxymethyl melamine, and 67% of tricaprylin in a mass ratio.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The preparation method of the photochromic film is prepared by mixing and casting 99% of TPU particles and 1wt% of photochromic material. The photochromic material is composed of 5% of 6'-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-1,3-dihydrospiro[indole-2,3'-naphtho[2,1-b][1,4]oxazine], 5% of styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, 22% of hexamethoxymethyl melamine, and 68% of tricaprylin in a mass ratio.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The preparation method of the photochromic film is prepared by mixing and casting 95% of TPU particles and 5wt% of photochromic material. The photochromic material is composed of 1% of 6'-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-1,3-dihydrospiro[indole-2,3'-naphtho[2,1-b][1,4]oxazine], 5% of styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, 25% of hexamethoxymethyl melamine, and 69% of tricaprylin in a mass ratio.

[0043] Comparative Example 1

[0044] The preparation method of the photochromic film is different from that of Example 1 in that tricaprylin is not added, and other components are added in the same proportion as in Example 1.

[0045] Comparative Example 2

[0046] The preparation method of the photochromic film is different from that of Example 1 in that hexamethoxymethyl melamine is not added, and other components are added in the same proportion as in Example 1.

[0047] Comparative Example 3

[0048] The preparation method of the photochromic film is different from that of Example 1 in that styrene maleic anhydride copolymer is not added, and other components are added in the same proportion as in Example 1.

[0049] Experimental Example Photochromic Film Performance Test

[0050] 1. For the photochromic films obtained in the above examples and comparative examples, samples of 10 cm×10 cm in size were cut and tested as follows, and each item was tested 3 times and the average value was taken.

[0051] 1) Transmittance of light at 550nm wavelength on cloudy days.

[0052] 2) Passage 10 6 The time required for the color to change to the darkest after irradiation with Lux air-cooled xenon lamp.

[0053] 3) Passage 10 6 The transmittance of light at 550nm wavelength when the color changes to the darkest after irradiation with Lux air-cooled xenon lamp.

[0054] 4) Sutra 10 6 The time it takes to recover the initial light transmittance at 550nm wavelength under condition 1) after the color changes to the darkest under Lux air-cooled xenon lamp illumination and the light is removed.

[0055] The above test results are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1: Light transmission and color change performance test

[0057]

[0058] 2. Fatigue resistance test

[0059] The photochromic films obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were cut into 10 cm × 10 cm pieces as samples for the following tests, and each item was tested 3 times and the average value was taken. The test conditions were: 10 6 Lux air-cooled xenon lamp was used for irradiation, and the film was left for 1 hour after each 3 hours of irradiation to observe the discoloration of the film. It was found that the anti-fatigue performance of the photochromic film in Comparative Example 3 was the worst, and the discoloration performance was significantly attenuated after 35 cycles; the anti-fatigue performance of the photochromic films of Examples 1-3 was not much different, and the discoloration performance did not show obvious attenuation after more than 50 cycles, which was significantly improved compared with the anti-fatigue performance of Comparative Example 3.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photochromic film, characterized in that: The invention is made by mixing and casting TPU particles and photochromic materials, wherein the added amount of the photochromic materials is 1-10% of the total amount; the photochromic materials are composed of 1-5% of spirooxazine compounds, 1-10% of styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, 18-25% of hexamethoxymethyl melamine and 60-70% of tricaprylin according to the mass ratio.

2. The photochromic film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spirooxazine compound is 6'-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-1,3-dihydrospiro[indole-2,3'-naphtho[2,1-b][1,4]oxazine].

3. Smart dimming glass film, characterized in that: It comprises a self-repairing layer, a TPU film layer, a first adhesive layer, a substrate layer, a metal plating layer, a second adhesive layer, a photochromic film layer and a mounting adhesive layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom; the photochromic film layer is the photochromic film according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The smart dimming glass film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metal coating is a fluoride-protected metal coating with an ultraviolet light transmittance greater than 50% and a visible light transmittance greater than 40%.

5. The smart dimming glass film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The self-repairing layer is a polyurethane coating with an ultraviolet light transmittance greater than 50% and a thickness of 5-20 μm.

6. The smart dimming glass film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ultraviolet light transmittance of the TPU film layer is greater than 50%, and the thickness is 50-200 μm.

7. The smart dimming glass film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The substrate layer is a PET film.

8. The smart dimming glass film according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a release layer disposed under the installation adhesive layer, and / or a protective layer located on the self-repairing layer.

9. The smart dimming glass film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer are each independently selected from one of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives or polyurethane adhesives.

10. Application of the smart dimming glass film according to any one of claims 3 to 9 in automobile skylights.

Images