Method and system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel from mixed oil sludge

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method and system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel from mixed oil sludge, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting the medical waste, sorting the medical waste, and sorting out infectious waste; the method comprises the following steps: crushing, disinfecting, drying and secondarily crushing the infectious wastes, and then carrying out calorific value analysis; collecting oil sludge, performing mud-water separation, drying, preparing particles, and performing calorific value analysis; according to the calorific value of the fuel needing to be prepared and the calorific values of the infectious waste and the oil sludge, the amount of the infectious waste and the oil sludge needed for preparing the fuel is calculated; and mixing the infectious waste and the oil sludge according to a calculation result to prepare the fuel with a specific heat value. The screened plastic is classified and then cooperates with the dangerous waste oil sludge, the material proportion is intelligently regulated and controlled according to the material basic heat value, the fixed-value solid fuel is prepared in a targeted mode according to enterprise requirements, and waste resource utilization is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical waste treatment, and in particular relates to a method and system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel by mixing oil sludge. Background Art

[0002] Medical waste refers to waste that is directly or indirectly infectious, toxic, or otherwise hazardous, generated by medical institutions in medical, preventive, health care, and other related activities. Due to the infectiousness and environmental hazards of medical waste, it must be collected, managed, transported, and treated in a classified manner. The high standards of the modern medical and health system are based on numerous disposable plastic medical products, such as infusion bottles (bags), medical gloves, protective clothing, medicine paper cups, syringes, nozzles, hoses, etc. These medical-grade plastic products are discarded after being used once, and this treatment method greatly reduces the spread of viruses. Therefore, medical institutions generate a large amount of plastic waste every day. However, medical institutions around the world currently have a problem of low recycling rates for medical-grade plastics, that is, disposable plastic medical products usually do not enter a systematic recycling process, and most of them are directly disposed of through sanitary landfills and incineration.

[0003] According to statistics from the World Health Organization, of the total amount of waste generated in medical activities, about 85% of the waste is harmless waste, and only 15% of the waste is infectious, chemical or radioactive hazardous substances. Large-scale unified incineration and landfill of medical waste does not conform to my country's original intention to achieve waste reduction, resource utilization and harmlessness. Medical-grade plastic waste has a high recycling value. If it is systematically recycled and processed, many plastic material products can be recycled and reused many times. Medical-grade plastic products developed for medical institutions are often made of high-quality high-grade plastics, making them more recycling-worthy than consumer-grade or food-grade plastic products. For example, high-quality polypropylene is the main material of infusion bottles (bags). Due to its relatively high utilization value and widespread application in granulation, polypropylene has always been an important component of composite materials. In order to achieve the goal of significantly increasing plastic recycling, it is necessary to introduce appropriate high-tech technologies to assist the medical waste treatment system, so intelligent and precise sorting of medical waste is imminent.

[0004] At the same time, crude oil may generate a large amount of solid waste during the production process of different stages such as extraction, transportation, storage, and refining. One of them is oily sludge. According to incomplete statistics, the annual output of oily sludge in my country alone has reached more than 9 million tons. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method and system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel by mixing oil sludge.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by providing a method for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel by mixing oil sludge, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Collect medical waste and sort it to separate infectious waste;

[0008] Step 2: crushing, disinfecting, drying, and re-crushing the infectious waste, and then conducting calorific value analysis;

[0009] Step 3: Collect the sludge, separate the sludge from the water, dry it, and then prepare it into particles for calorific value analysis;

[0010] Step 4: Calculate the amount of infectious waste and sludge required for preparing the fuel according to the calorific value of the fuel to be prepared and the calorific value of the infectious waste and sludge obtained in steps 2 and 3;

[0011] Step 5: Based on the calculation results of step 4, the infectious waste and the oil sludge are mixed to prepare a fuel with a specific calorific value.

[0012] Preferably, in step 1, the method for sorting medical waste comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 101: Obtain image datasets of different types of medical waste, and annotate, expand, and normalize the image datasets;

[0014] Step 102: Select the convolutional neural network model ResNet50 as the pre-trained model, load the pre-trained model into the deep learning framework, and remove the top classification layer;

[0015] Step 103: constructing a new top fully connected layer for classification for the pre-trained model according to the preset medical waste sorting categories, and constructing the same number of output units for the output layer of the pre-trained model according to the preset number of medical waste sorting categories;

[0016] Step 104: Divide the image data set obtained in step 101 into a training set, a validation set, and a test set, train the pre-trained model through the training set, verify the sorting performance of the model through the validation set, test the sorting performance of the model through the test set, and optimize the model according to the test results, and finally obtain a trained medical waste sorting model;

[0017] Step 105: sort the medical waste according to the medical waste sorting model.

[0018] Further preferably, in step 1, the medical waste is sorted into damaging glass waste, sharp metal waste, recyclable waste and infectious waste.

[0019] The present invention also provides a system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel from mixed oil sludge. Based on the above-mentioned method for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel from mixed oil sludge, the system includes the following modules:

[0020] Medical waste collection and sorting module: used to collect and sort medical waste, and separate infectious waste;

[0021] Infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module: used to crush, disinfect, dry, and re-crush infectious waste, and then perform calorific value analysis;

[0022] Sludge collection, processing and analysis module: used to collect sludge, separate the sludge from water, dry it, prepare it into particles, and then perform calorific value analysis;

[0023] Calculation module: used to calculate the amount of infectious waste and sludge required for preparing fuel according to the calorific value of the fuel to be prepared and the calorific value of the infectious waste and sludge obtained by the infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module and the sludge collection, treatment and analysis module;

[0024] Fuel preparation module: used to mix infectious waste and sludge to prepare fuel with a specific calorific value according to the calculation results of the calculation module.

[0025] Preferably, the medical waste collection and sorting module includes a medical waste collection module and a medical waste sorting module, and the medical waste sorting module includes:

[0026] Feeding module: used to transport medical waste from the medical waste collection module to the medical waste sorting module;

[0027] Classification collection module: used to collect different types of medical waste after sorting;

[0028] Vibration conveying module: used to convey medical waste from the feeding module to the classification collection module while vibrating;

[0029] Image acquisition module: used to acquire images of medical waste on the vibration conveying module;

[0030] Image recognition module: used to recognize and classify the images collected by the image collection module according to the medical waste sorting model;

[0031] Mechanical control module: used to locate the target medical waste according to the classification results of the image recognition module, the position of the medical waste and the conveying speed of the vibration conveying module, generate control instructions, control the mechanical arm to grab the target medical waste on the vibration conveying module, and put the medical waste into the corresponding classification collection module after grabbing.

[0032] Further preferably, the classification collection module includes a damaging glass waste collection module, a sharp metal waste collection module, a recyclable waste collection module and an infectious waste collection module.

[0033] Further preferably, a damaged glass waste disinfection module and a damaged glass waste recovery module are sequentially provided downstream of the damaged glass waste collection module, a sharp metal waste disinfection module and a sharp metal waste recovery module are sequentially provided downstream of the sharp metal waste collection module, and a recyclable waste recovery module is provided downstream of the recyclable waste collection module.

[0034] Further preferably, the infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module comprises an infectious waste primary crushing module, an infectious waste disinfection module, an infectious waste drying module, an infectious waste secondary crushing module and an infectious waste calorific value analysis and discharging module connected in sequence;

[0035] The oil sludge collection, processing and analysis module comprises an oil sludge collection module, a sludge-water separation module, an oil sludge drying module, an oil sludge particle forming module and an oil sludge calorific value analysis and discharging module which are connected in sequence.

[0036] Further preferably, the fuel preparation module comprises a material mixing module, a fuel preparation module, a fuel discharging module, a fuel collecting module and a fuel packaging module which are connected in sequence.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0038] A method and system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel from mixed sludge is provided. Medical waste is intelligently mechanically screened, and the accurately screened plastics are classified and mixed with hazardous waste sludge. The material ratio is intelligently adjusted according to the basic calorific value of the materials, and fixed-value solid fuel is prepared and sold in a targeted manner according to the needs of the enterprise. This process not only realizes the resource utilization of waste, but also promotes the economic benefits of enterprises and turns waste into treasure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a module structure diagram of the medical waste sorting and mixed sludge fuel preparation system provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a specific implementation method of the medical waste sorting module;

[0041] Figure 3 The figure is a structural diagram of a robot arm gripper in a specific implementation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0043] The present invention provides a method for preparing fuel by sorting medical waste and mixing oil sludge, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Collect medical waste and sort it to separate infectious waste;

[0045] The method for sorting medical waste comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step 101: Obtain image datasets of different types of medical waste, and annotate, expand, and normalize the image datasets;

[0047] Step 102: Select the convolutional neural network model ResNet50 as the pre-trained model, load the pre-trained model into the deep learning framework, and remove the top classification layer;

[0048] Step 103: constructing a new top fully connected layer for classification for the pre-trained model according to the preset medical waste sorting categories, and constructing the same number of output units for the output layer of the pre-trained model according to the preset number of medical waste sorting categories;

[0049] Step 104: Divide the image data set obtained in step 101 into a training set, a validation set, and a test set, train the pre-trained model through the training set, verify the sorting performance of the model through the validation set, test the sorting performance of the model through the test set, and optimize the model according to the test results, and finally obtain a trained medical waste sorting model;

[0050] Step 105: sort the medical waste according to the medical waste sorting model.

[0051] Medical waste is sorted into damaged glass waste, sharp metal waste, recyclable waste and infectious waste. Damaged glass waste includes medical waste of glass products such as glass bottles, ampoules and slides, sharp metal waste includes medical waste of metal products such as needles, tweezers and blades, recyclable waste includes medical waste of outer packaging plastic products such as paper shells, plastic bags and needle covers that have not been in contact with the source of infection, and infectious waste includes useless medical waste such as syringes, cotton balls, cotton swabs, gauze and masks that have been in contact with the source of infection.

[0052] Step 2: crushing, disinfecting, drying, and re-crushing the infectious waste, and then conducting calorific value analysis;

[0053] Step 3: Collect the sludge, separate the sludge from the water, dry it, and then prepare it into particles for calorific value analysis;

[0054] Step 4: Calculate the amount of infectious waste and sludge required for preparing the fuel according to the calorific value of the fuel to be prepared and the calorific value of the infectious waste and sludge obtained in steps 2 and 3;

[0055] Step 5: Based on the calculation results of step 4, the infectious waste and the oil sludge are mixed to prepare a fuel with a specific calorific value.

[0056] refer to Figure 1 The present invention also provides a system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel from mixed sludge, and the method for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel from mixed sludge, wherein the system comprises the following modules:

[0057] Medical waste collection and sorting module: used to collect and sort medical waste, and separate infectious waste;

[0058] Infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module: used to crush, disinfect, dry, and re-crush infectious waste, and then perform calorific value analysis;

[0059] Sludge collection, processing and analysis module: used to collect sludge, separate the sludge from water, dry it, prepare it into particles, and then perform calorific value analysis;

[0060] Calculation module: used to calculate the amount of infectious waste and sludge required for preparing fuel according to the calorific value of the fuel to be prepared and the calorific value of the infectious waste and sludge obtained by the infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module and the sludge collection, treatment and analysis module;

[0061] Fuel preparation module: used to mix infectious waste and sludge to prepare fuel with a specific calorific value according to the calculation results of the calculation module.

[0062] refer to Figure 2 The medical waste collection and sorting module includes a medical waste collection module 1 and a medical waste sorting module 2. The medical waste sorting module 2 includes:

[0063] Feeding module 201: used to transport medical waste from the medical waste collecting module 1 to the medical waste sorting module 2; the feeding module 201 may adopt a feeding conveyor belt.

[0064] Classification collection module: used to collect different types of medical waste after sorting;

[0065] Vibrating conveying module 202: used to convey the medical waste from the feeding module 201 to the classification collection module while vibrating; the vibrating conveying module 202 can use a conveyor belt with a vibration function.

[0066] Image acquisition module 203: used to acquire images of medical waste on the vibration conveying module 202; using a high-resolution camera.

[0067] Image recognition module 204: used to recognize and classify the images collected by the image collection module 203 according to the medical waste sorting model;

[0068] Mechanical control module 205: used to locate the target medical waste according to the classification result of the image recognition module 204, the position of the medical waste and the conveying speed of the vibration conveying module 202, generate control instructions, control the mechanical arm 206 to grab the target medical waste on the vibration conveying module 202, and put the medical waste into the corresponding classification collection module after grabbing.

[0069] The classification collection module includes a damaging glass waste collection module 3, a sharp metal waste collection module 4, a recyclable waste collection module 5 and an infectious waste collection module 6.

[0070] According to the different medical wastes to be sorted, the grippers on the robot arm are designed in different forms, such as for smaller medical wastes or cylindrical bottle-shaped structures, refer to Figure 3 (a) and (b), the gripper of the robot arm is designed to include a shovel-shaped claw and a cylindrical claw. When not working, the shovel-shaped claw and the cylindrical claw are separated. When working, according to the location information of the garbage, after finding the location of the garbage, the two claws move closer to each other, and the shovel-shaped claw extends to the bottom of the cylindrical claw to clamp the smaller or cylindrical garbage and transport it to the classification collection module. The robot arm is set to multiple and different structural forms. This is just one form of gripper structure. For example, for larger garbage or, an ordinary multi-claw structure gripper can be used. In order to prevent the robot arm from sorting all the medical waste before the medical waste has been transported to the end of the vibration conveying module 202, a certain distance is set between the classification collection module and the vibration conveying module 202, and a receiving cylinder is set below the end of the vibration conveying module 202. After a certain period of time, the staff will pour the unclassified medical waste that falls into the receiving cylinder back into the medical waste collection module 1 for reclassification.

[0071] A damaged glass waste disinfection module and a damaged glass waste recovery module are sequentially arranged downstream of the damaged glass waste collection module, a sharp metal waste disinfection module and a sharp metal waste recovery module are sequentially arranged downstream of the sharp metal waste collection module, and a recyclable waste recovery module is arranged downstream of the recyclable waste collection module.

[0072] The glass waste in the damaged glass waste collection module passes through the damaged glass waste disinfection module, which uses microwave disinfection and utilizes 2450MHZ high-frequency electromagnetic waves to kill pathogenic strains, and then enters the damaged glass waste recovery module for recycling; the metals collected by the sharp metal waste collection module are killed by 2450MHZ high-frequency electromagnetic waves in the sharp metal waste disinfection module, and then are recycled in the sharp metal waste recovery module; the waste produced by the recyclable waste collection module directly enters the recyclable waste recovery module for recycling.

[0073] The infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module comprises an infectious waste primary crushing module, an infectious waste disinfection module, an infectious waste drying module, an infectious waste secondary crushing module and an infectious waste calorific value analysis and discharging module which are connected in sequence;

[0074] The medical waste collected by the infectious waste collection module enters the infectious waste primary crushing module, where large pieces of plastic and cloth are broken into 4-6 cm by tearing, and then enters the infectious waste disinfection module, where they are first disinfected and sterilized with a high-frequency electromagnetic wave of 2450MHZ, and then enter the infectious waste drying module. The dried medical waste enters the infectious waste secondary crushing module, where it is crushed to 2 cm in size, and then the calorific value of the material is analyzed by the infectious waste calorific value analysis and discharging module and recorded in the calculation module.

[0075] The oil sludge collection, processing and analysis module comprises an oil sludge collection module, a sludge-water separation module, an oil sludge drying module, an oil sludge particle forming module and an oil sludge calorific value analysis and discharging module which are connected in sequence.

[0076] The collected sludge enters the sludge collection module, and after initial screening, it enters the sludge-water separation module to achieve sludge-water separation. The dehydrated dry base after separation enters the sludge drying module, and is formed into small particles with a particle size of 2 cm by the sludge particle forming module. The calorific value is determined by the sludge calorific value analysis and discharging module and recorded in the calculation module.

[0077] The fuel preparation module comprises a material mixing module, a fuel preparation module, a fuel discharging module, a fuel collecting module and a fuel packaging module which are connected in sequence.

[0078] The calculation module controls the infectious waste calorific value analysis and discharging module and the sludge calorific value analysis and discharging module, and carries out material proportioning according to the required calorific value on the basis of maximizing economic benefits. The proportioned materials are fully mixed in the material mixing module and then pressed into solid fuel through the fuel preparation module. Then, they pass through the fuel discharging module and enter the fuel collection module. In the fuel collection module, the solid fuel collection device is automatically converted through the infrared sensing probe. When the box is full, the infrared sensing probe transmits a signal to the calculation module, and the calculation module puts the filled solid fuel into the fuel packaging module for packaging and sale.

Claims

1. A method for preparing fuel by sorting medical waste and mixing oil sludge, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect medical waste and sort it to separate infectious waste; Step 2: crushing, disinfecting, drying, and re-crushing the infectious waste, and then conducting calorific value analysis; Step 3: Collect the sludge, separate the sludge from the water, dry it, and then prepare it into particles for calorific value analysis; Step 4: Calculate the amount of infectious waste and sludge required for preparing the fuel according to the calorific value of the fuel to be prepared and the calorific value of the infectious waste and sludge obtained in steps 2 and 3; Step 5: Based on the calculation results of step 4, the infectious waste and the oil sludge are mixed to prepare a fuel with a specific calorific value.

2. The method for preparing fuel by sorting medical waste and mixing sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the method for sorting medical waste comprises the following steps: Step 101: Obtain image datasets of different types of medical waste, and annotate, expand, and normalize the image datasets; Step 102: Select the convolutional neural network model ResNet50 as the pre-trained model, load the pre-trained model into the deep learning framework, and remove the top classification layer; Step 103: constructing a new top fully connected layer for classification for the pre-trained model according to the preset medical waste sorting categories, and constructing the same number of output units for the output layer of the pre-trained model according to the preset number of medical waste sorting categories; Step 104: Divide the image data set obtained in step 101 into a training set, a validation set, and a test set, train the pre-trained model through the training set, verify the sorting performance of the model through the validation set, test the sorting performance of the model through the test set, and optimize the model according to the test results, and finally obtain a trained medical waste sorting model; Step 105: sort the medical waste according to the medical waste sorting model.

3. The method for preparing fuel by sorting medical waste and mixing sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, medical waste is sorted into damaging glass waste, sharp metal waste, recyclable waste and infectious waste.

4. A system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel by mixing oil sludge, characterized in that: Based on the method for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel from mixed sludge according to claim 2, the system includes the following modules: Medical waste collection and sorting module: used to collect and sort medical waste, and separate infectious waste; Infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module: used to crush, disinfect, dry, and re-crush infectious waste, and then perform calorific value analysis; Sludge collection, processing and analysis module: used to collect sludge, separate the sludge from water, dry it, prepare it into particles, and then perform calorific value analysis; Calculation module: used to calculate the amount of infectious waste and sludge required for preparing fuel according to the calorific value of the fuel to be prepared and the calorific value of the infectious waste and sludge obtained by the infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module and the sludge collection, treatment and analysis module; Fuel preparation module: used to mix infectious waste and sludge to prepare fuel with a specific calorific value according to the calculation results of the calculation module.

5. The system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel by mixing oil sludge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The medical waste collection and sorting module includes a medical waste collection module and a medical waste sorting module, and the medical waste sorting module includes: Feeding module: used to transport medical waste from the medical waste collection module to the medical waste sorting module; Classification collection module: used to collect different types of medical waste after sorting; Vibration conveying module: used to convey medical waste from the feeding module to the classification collection module while vibrating; Image acquisition module: used to acquire images of medical waste on the vibration conveying module; Image recognition module: used to recognize and classify the images collected by the image collection module according to the medical waste sorting model; Mechanical control module: used to locate the target medical waste according to the classification results of the image recognition module, the position of the medical waste and the conveying speed of the vibration conveying module, generate control instructions, control the mechanical arm to grab the target medical waste on the vibration conveying module, and put the medical waste into the corresponding classification collection module after grabbing.

6. The system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel by mixing oil sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that: The classification collection module includes a damaging glass waste collection module, a sharp metal waste collection module, a recyclable waste collection module and an infectious waste collection module.

7. The system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel by mixing oil sludge according to claim 6, characterized in that: A damaged glass waste disinfection module and a damaged glass waste recovery module are sequentially arranged downstream of the damaged glass waste collection module, a sharp metal waste disinfection module and a sharp metal waste recovery module are sequentially arranged downstream of the sharp metal waste collection module, and a recyclable waste recovery module is arranged downstream of the recyclable waste collection module.

8. The system for sorting medical waste and preparing fuel by mixing oil sludge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The infectious waste treatment and calorific value analysis module comprises an infectious waste primary crushing module, an infectious waste disinfection module, an infectious waste drying module, an infectious waste secondary crushing module and an infectious waste calorific value analysis and discharging module which are connected in sequence; The oil sludge collection, processing and analysis module comprises an oil sludge collection module, a sludge-water separation module, an oil sludge drying module, an oil sludge particle forming module and an oil sludge calorific value analysis and discharging module which are connected in sequence.

9. The system for medical waste sorting and mixed sludge preparation of fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fuel preparation module comprises a material mixing module, a fuel preparation module, a fuel discharging module, a fuel collecting module and a fuel packaging module which are connected in sequence.

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