Underground self-cleaning spiral drill collar for well drilling

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground self-cleaning spiral drill collar for well drilling, and belongs to the technical field of well drilling and completion of petroleum and natural gas. The underground self-cleaning spiral drill collar for well drilling comprises a drill collar body, and a well liquid channel extending along an axis O is formed in the drill collar body; at least one cleaning pipeline group, wherein each cleaning pipeline group comprises at least one cleaning channel; a nozzle member; an opening / closing mechanism having a moving part; and a control assembly. The cleaning assembly is arranged in the drill collar body, the connecting channel is constructed between the well fluid channel and the outer section of the drill collar body through the cleaning pipeline, and opening and closing of the cleaning channel are achieved through movement of the moving part in the opening and closing mechanism. And the control assembly is combined to realize automatic control of the action of the opening and closing structure based on the change of the flow rate of liquid in the well liquid channel, so that the spiral drill collar can be automatically switched between a working state and a cleaning state, the automation of rock debris balling cleaning is realized, and the drill jamming phenomenon is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling and completion, and in particular relates to an underground self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling. Background Art

[0002] The drill collar is located at the bottom of the drill string and is an important component of the lower drill bit assembly. The drill collar has the characteristics of large wall thickness and high material strength. It has large gravity and rigidity. Its function is to provide a large drilling pressure to the drill bit, so that the drill bit can work stably, prevent the drill bit from jumping, reduce the swing amplitude of the drill bit during drilling, and help overcome the well deviation problem to ensure the stability of the drill bit during operation.

[0003] During the drilling process, the drill bit water hole impacts the bottom of the well, and the drilling fluid carries the cuttings back along the annulus to the wellhead. As the drilling fluid ejected from the drill bit water hole impacts the bottom of the well, the drilling fluid forms an upward flow at the bottom of the well, and the cuttings at the bottom of the well are carried to the ground through the annulus between the drill bit and the well wall. During the upward return of the cuttings, the spiral structure of the drill collar makes it easy for the drilling cuttings to accumulate, resulting in the downhole complexity of the drill collar getting stuck, which seriously restricts the drilling speed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling, so as to solve the problems of the spiral drill collar in the use process mentioned in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling, comprising:

[0006] a drill collar body, in which a well fluid passage extending along an axis O is formed;

[0007] At least one cleaning pipe group, each of which includes at least one cleaning channel, and the cleaning channel is configured as a connecting channel between the outer area of ​​the drill collar body and the oil inlet channel;

[0008] A nozzle component, mounted in the cleaning passage and having an inlet portion and an outlet portion;

[0009] An opening and closing mechanism, comprising a moving portion, the moving portion being capable of at least covering the cleaning pipe assembly in an axial direction and being configured to be capable of sliding along an inner wall of the drill collar body;

[0010] The control assembly is configured to control the movement of the moving part in the axial direction based on the flow rate of the liquid in the well fluid channel, so as to switch the auger drill collar between the working state and the cleaning state.

[0011] Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism further comprises:

[0012] The driving part is constituted as a cylindrical member and is configured to drive the moving part to slide on the inner wall of the drill collar body.

[0013] Preferably, the control component comprises:

[0014] a flow detection component, assembled in the well fluid channel and configured to detect the flow rate of the liquid in the well fluid channel;

[0015] A control component is configured to control the operation of the driving unit based on the detection data of the flow detection component.

[0016] Preferably, the driving part has a hydraulic driving structure.

[0017] Preferably, an annular section for accommodating the moving section is provided in the driving section, and the auger collar is in a working state when the moving section is retracted into the annular section, and is in a cleaning state when the moving section is extended from the annular section.

[0018] Preferably, the cleaning channel extends in a radial direction.

[0019] Preferably, the diameter of the inlet portion of the nozzle component is larger than the diameter of the outlet portion.

[0020] Preferably, there are multiple cleaning pipe groups, and the multiple cleaning pipe groups are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The cleaning pipe group includes multiple cleaning channels, and the multiple cleaning channels are spaced apart in the axial direction.

[0021] Preferably, the driving portion is provided with an arc chamfer at least at one axial end.

[0022] Preferably, the movable portion is provided with a sealing groove at least at one axial end.

[0023] Preferably, an inner spiral structure and an outer spiral structure are respectively provided at two axial ends of the drill collar body.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present application arranges a cleaning component in the drill collar body, constructs a connecting channel between the well fluid channel and the external area of ​​the drill collar body through a cleaning pipe, and realizes opening and closing of the cleaning channel by movement of a moving part in an opening and closing mechanism, and combines a control component to realize automatic control of the opening and closing structure action based on changes in liquid flow rate in the well fluid channel, so that the spiral drill collar can automatically switch between a working state and a cleaning state, realizes the automation of cleaning of rock cuttings and mud bags, and avoids the occurrence of drill sticking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral drill collar is shown in FIG.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the auger collar;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the nozzle component;

[0029] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of fluid flow when the spiral drill collar is in working state;

[0030] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of fluid flow when the spiral drill collar is in a clean state;

[0031] Figure 6 This is an example diagram of the cleaning channel location.

[0032] 100, drill collar body; 101, inner spiral structure; 102, outer spiral structure; 103, spiral groove; 104, well fluid channel;

[0033] 200, cleaning pipe assembly; 201, cleaning channel; 201a, inner port; 201b, outer port; 202, nozzle component; 202a, inlet; 202b, outlet; 203, limit block;

[0034] 300, opening and closing mechanism; 301, driving part; 302, moving part; 303, sealing ring; 304, arc chamfer;

[0035] 400, control component; 401, flow detection component; 402, control component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] A self-cleaning auger drill collar for drilling (hereinafter referred to as auger drill collar), referring to Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral drill collar, and the spiral drill collar structure is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In some examples, the spiral drill collar includes a drill collar body 100, which is roughly configured as a cylindrical component extending along the axis O, and the drill collar body 100 is formed with connecting structures at both ends of the axial direction for connecting with other components. For example, the connecting structures at both ends of the axial direction of the drill collar body 100 are both configured as threaded structures. For example, referring to Figure 1 The upper end of the drill collar body 100 has an inner spiral structure 101, and the lower end has an outer spiral structure 102. Figure 1 The spiral drill collar is provided with an axially extending well fluid channel 104 therein. During the drilling process, the drilling fluid flows through the well fluid channel 104 and enters the drill bit assembly below. The drill bit water hole impacts the bottom of the well, and the drilling fluid carries the rock cuttings back to the wellhead along the annulus. As the drilling fluid ejected from the drill bit water hole impacts the bottom of the well, the drilling fluid impacts the bottom of the well to form an upward flow state, and the rock cuttings at the bottom of the well are carried to the ground through the annulus between the drill bit and the well wall to realize the drilling operation.

[0038] Back to Figure 1 At least one spiral groove 103 (for example, a right-handed spiral groove 103) is provided on the outer surface of the drill collar body 100 to reduce the contact area between the spiral drill collar and the well wall, thereby preventing the drill from being stuck due to pressure difference. In some examples, a plurality of spiral grooves 103 are provided, and the plurality of spiral grooves 103 are spaced apart in the axial direction. During the operation of the spiral drill collar, that is, in the process of the cuttings returning with the drilling fluid, due to the setting of the spiral groove 103, cuttings are easily accumulated on the circumferential outer surface of the drill collar body 100, thereby causing the drill to be stuck and affecting the drilling speed. Based on this, the present application designs the following cleaning component to realize the automated cleaning operation of the spiral drill collar cuttings.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and 2 The spiral drill collar further includes a cleaning assembly. In some examples, the cleaning assembly includes at least one cleaning tube assembly 200. When there are multiple cleaning tube assemblies 200, the multiple cleaning tube assemblies 200 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. For example, if there are four cleaning tube assemblies 200, the angle between adjacent cleaning tube assemblies 200 in the circumferential direction is 90°. Figure 2 , a single cleaning tube set 200 includes at least one cleaning channel 201. When a single cleaning tube set 200 is composed of a plurality of cleaning channels 201, the plurality of cleaning channels 201 are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction. For example, Figure 2 The middle single cleaning pipe group 200 is composed of three cleaning channels 201. Figure 2The above-mentioned single cleaning channel 201 is constituted as a connecting channel between the internal section (i.e., the well fluid channel 104) and the external section of the drill collar body 100, and the two ends of the single cleaning channel 201 are respectively recorded as the inner port 201a and the outer port 201b, wherein the inner port 201a is constituted as an end connected to the well fluid channel 104, and the outer port 201b is constituted as an end connected to the external section. In the subsequent self-cleaning process, at least part of the drilling fluid flowing in the well fluid channel 104 enters the cleaning channel 201 from the inner port 201a of the cleaning channel 201, and is sprayed out from the outer port 201b of the cleaning channel 201 under the action of the remaining components in the cleaning assembly (such as the subsequent nozzle component 202) to process the rock cuttings mud bag on the circumferential outer surface of the drill collar body 100. In some examples, the above-mentioned cleaning channel 201 is configured to extend in the radial direction, that is, the drilling fluid flows radially in the cleaning channel 201.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 and 3 The cleaning assembly further comprises a nozzle component 202 assembled in the cleaning channel 201, the nozzle component 202 having an inlet portion 202a and an outlet portion 202b, wherein the inlet portion 202a is constituted as a portion of the nozzle component 202 facing the inner port 201a of the cleaning channel 201, and the outlet portion 202b is constituted as a portion of the nozzle component 202 facing the outer port 201b of the cleaning channel 201. During the self-cleaning process of the spiral drill collar, the drilling fluid flows into the inlet portion 202a of the nozzle component 202 and is discharged by the nozzle component 202. The outlet portion 202b of the nozzle component 202 is pressurized and ejected to break up the rock cuttings on the circumferential surface of the spiral drill collar to remove the rock cuttings and mud bags. In some examples, the inlet portion 202a of the nozzle component 202 is larger than the outlet portion 202b (taking the cross-sections of the inlet portion 202a and the outlet portion 202b as an example, the diameter of the inlet portion 202a is larger than the diameter of the outlet portion 202b), so that the drilling fluid can be pressurized and ejected at the outlet portion 202b of the nozzle component 202, thereby better breaking up the rock cuttings and mud bags.

[0041] Reference Figure 3The cleaning assembly further includes a limiting block 203 assembled in the cleaning channel 201. In some examples, the limiting block 203 is arranged on the radially outer side of the nozzle component 202 (i.e., the outlet portion 202b position), and is roughly constituted as an annular block to allow drilling fluid to pass therethrough, and to limit the nozzle on the radially outer side of the nozzle component 202 to prevent the nozzle component 202 from falling off from the cleaning channel 201 under the pressure of the internal drilling fluid. In a preferred embodiment, two limiting blocks 203 are provided in a single cleaning channel 201, and are respectively arranged at the inlet portion 202a and the outlet portion 202b positions of the nozzle component 202 to hold the nozzle component 202 on both radial sides of the nozzle component 202, thereby maintaining the nozzle component 202 during the flow process of the drilling fluid in the cleaning channel 201 and the stability of the nozzle component 202 during the injection process.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 The cleaning assembly further includes an opening and closing mechanism 300, which is configured to control the connection between the cleaning channel 201 and the well fluid channel 104 inside the drill collar body 100, thereby realizing the conversion of the spiral drill collar between the working state and the cleaning state. Specifically, when the cleaning channel 201 and the well fluid channel 104 are not connected, the drilling fluid flows along the well fluid channel 104 into the combined drilling tool to realize the drilling operation. Correspondingly, the spiral drill collar is in the working state. When the cleaning channel 201 and the well fluid channel 104 are connected, at least part of the drilling fluid flowing along the well fluid channel 104 flows from the well fluid channel 104 into the cleaning channel 201, and is sprayed out by the nozzle component 202 to realize the cleaning of the cuttings and mud bags on the spiral drill collar. Correspondingly, the spiral drill collar is in the cleaning state;

[0043] Reference Figure 2 In some examples, the opening and closing mechanism 300 has a driving part 301 and a moving part 302, wherein the moving part 302 is substantially formed as a cylindrical component, and the moving part 302 is configured to have a length in the axial direction that can at least cover a single cleaning pipe group, and can slide along the inner wall surface of the drill collar body 100 (i.e., the wall of the well fluid channel 104). For example, Figure 6Taking an example for explanation, a single cleaning pipe group in the figure has three cleaning channels 201 distributed at axial intervals, which are marked as A, B and C respectively, and the axial distance between the upper end point a of the cleaning channel 201A and the lower end point c of the cleaning channel 201C is recorded as l (hereinafter referred to as the axial length of the cleaning pipe group 200), and correspondingly, the axial length L of the above-mentioned moving part 302 is not less than l, that is, L≥l. At this time, when the moving part 302 moves to the point where its upper and lower ends coincide with the upper end point a of the cleaning channel 201A and the lower end point c of the cleaning channel 201B respectively, the moving part 302 is moved to the point where its upper and lower ends coincide with the upper end point a of the cleaning channel 201A and the lower end point c of the cleaning channel 201B respectively. The moving part 302 can close the entrance ends of all the cleaning channels 201 in the cleaning channel 201 group, that is, at this time, the well fluid channel 104 and the cleaning channel 201 are in a disconnected state, and correspondingly, the spiral drill collar is in a working state. When the moving part 302 moves to the point where the lower end coincides with the upper end point a of the cleaning channel 201A or the upper end coincides with the lower end point c of the cleaning channel 201C, that is, the positions of the moving part 302 and the cleaning pipeline group are staggered from each other, at this time, the well fluid channel 104 and the cleaning channel 201 are in a connected state, and correspondingly, the spiral drill collar is in a cleaning state.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 In a preferred example, the axial length L of the movable part 302 is greater than l, that is, the axial length of the movable part 302 is greater than the axial length of the cleaning pipe group 200, so as to allow the subsequent arrangement of sealing structures such as a sealing ring 303. For example, a sealing groove body (such as an annular groove) for accommodating the sealing ring 303 is provided at at least one axial end of the movable part 302. By providing the sealing ring 303, when the spiral drill collar is in a working state, the sealing ring 303 provided in the sealing groove body can form a seal between the contact surface of the movable part 302 and the inner wall of the drill collar body 100 to prevent the drilling fluid from flowing into the cleaning channel 201 from the gap between the outer wall of the movable part 302 and the inner wall of the drill collar body 100. Furthermore, an axially extending slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the drill collar body 100 at the position of the cleaning pipe group, and the movable part 302 is configured to be able to slide along the slide groove.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 , continue to explain the opening and closing mechanism 300, the above-mentioned driving part 301 is also constituted as a cylindrical component, and is fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the drill collar body 100, and the driving part 301 is configured to drive the moving part 302 to move linearly in the axial direction (i.e., slide on the inner wall surface of the drill collar body). In some examples, the driving part 301 has a hydraulic driving structure, and the driving force based on the hydraulic driving structure drives the moving part 302 to move linearly along the axial direction. In some examples, an annular area for accommodating the moving part 302 is formed in the above-mentioned driving part 301. When the spiral drill collar is in a working state (refer to Figure 4), the moving part 302 passes through the annular section of the driving part 301 and covers the above-mentioned cleaning pipeline group to block the entrance part 202a of the cleaning channel 201. When the auger collar is in the cleaning state (refer to Figure 5 ), the moving part 302 retracts and enters the annular interval, and the well fluid channel 104 and the cleaning channel 201 are connected.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 In some examples, the driving portion 301 is provided with an arc chamfer at least at one axial end. For example, the arc chamfer is only provided at the lower end of the driving portion 301. By providing an arc chamfer at the end of the driving portion 301, the resistance of the drilling fluid flowing through the hydraulic sleeve can be reduced, thereby reducing the pressure and energy loss of the drilling fluid when flowing inside the drill collar.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 The spiral drill collar further comprises a control assembly 400, the main body of which is composed of a flow detection component 401 (for example, a flow meter) and a control component 402, wherein the flow detection component 401 is assembled in the well fluid channel 104 and is configured to monitor the flow rate of the fluid (such as drilling fluid) in the well fluid channel 104, and the control component 402 is electrically connected to the flow detection component 401 and the opening and closing mechanism 300, and is configured to be able to detect the flow rate of the flow detection component 401 based on the flow rate of the flow detection component 401. The data (such as drilling fluid flow rate data) is used to control the action of the opening and closing mechanism 300 (such as controlling the extension and retraction of the moving part 302), thereby realizing the conversion of the auger drill collar between the working state and the cleaning state. Specifically, at the initial stage of the auger drill collar, the drilling fluid flows in the well fluid channel 104 at a normal flow rate, and the control component 402 controls the driving part 301 to move, so that the moving part 302 extends to close the inner port 201a of the cleaning channel 201, and the drilling fluid flows from the well fluid channel 104 to the drilling tool. In the assembly, the drill bit water hole impacts the bottom of the well, and the drilling fluid carries the cuttings back along the annulus. As the drilling operation proceeds, the cuttings gradually accumulate on the outer wall of the drill collar body 100, causing the drill to get stuck. To ensure the progress of the drilling operation, the drilling fluid supply rate is increased, and the flow rate of the drilling fluid in the well fluid channel 104 is increased. After the flow detection component 401 detects the change in the well fluid flow rate, the control component 402 acts in response to the moving part to shrink the moving part 302. After the well fluid channel 104 and the cleaning channel 201 are connected, the drilling A portion of the drilling fluid flows into the cleaning channel 201 and is sprayed out by the nozzle component 202 to clean the rock cuttings and mud bags on the outer wall of the drill collar body 100. After the cleaning is completed, that is, after the spiral drill collar can operate normally, the drilling fluid supply rate is restored to the set value, and correspondingly, the flow rate of the drilling fluid in the well fluid channel 104 is reduced to a normal value. During the drilling process, the spiral drill collar continuously repeats the above process, that is, it continuously changes between the working state and the cleaning state, thereby realizing the automated cleaning operation of the rock cuttings and mud bags.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling, characterized in that: include: a drill collar body, in which a well fluid passage extending along an axis O is formed; At least one cleaning pipe group, each of which includes at least one cleaning channel, and the cleaning channel is configured as a connecting channel between the outer area of ​​the drill collar body and the oil inlet channel; A nozzle component, mounted in the cleaning passage and having an inlet portion and an outlet portion; An opening and closing mechanism, comprising a moving portion, the moving portion being capable of at least covering the cleaning pipe assembly in an axial direction and being configured to be capable of sliding along an inner wall of the drill collar body; The control assembly is configured to control the movement of the moving part in the axial direction based on the flow rate of the liquid in the well fluid channel, so as to switch the auger drill collar between the working state and the cleaning state.

2. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing mechanism also has: The driving part is constituted as a cylindrical member and is configured to drive the moving part to slide on the inner wall of the drill collar body.

3. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control component comprises: a flow detection component, assembled in the well fluid channel and configured to detect the flow rate of the liquid in the well fluid channel; A control component is configured to control the operation of the driving unit based on the detection data of the flow detection component.

4. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving part has a hydraulic driving structure.

5. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular section for accommodating the moving section is arranged in the driving section. The auger collar is in a working state when the moving section is retracted into the annular section, and is in a cleaning state when the moving section is extended out from the annular section.

6. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning channel extends in a radial direction.

7. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet diameter of the nozzle component is larger than the outlet diameter.

8. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple cleaning pipe groups, and the multiple cleaning pipe groups are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The cleaning pipe group includes multiple cleaning channels, and the multiple cleaning channels are spaced apart in the axial direction.

9. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving portion is provided with an arc chamfer at least at one axial end.

10. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving part is provided with a sealing groove at least at one axial end.

11. The downhole self-cleaning spiral drill collar for drilling according to claim 9, characterized in that: An inner spiral structure and an outer spiral structure are respectively provided at two axial ends of the drill collar body.

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