Passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system and slope monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system and a slope monitoring method thereof. The system comprises an anchor cable prestress sensor, an acquisition device, a wireless transmission device and a power supply device. The method comprises the steps that the initial prestress F of the anchor cable and the internal force increment delta F of the anchor cable are obtained; the internal force increment ratio k = delta F / F of the anchor cable is calculated; a calculation model K (x) = AeBx of the anchor cable prestress x of the slope and the anchor cable internal force increment ratio k is established, x is the value of the anchor cable prestress, and A and B are constants; the slope stability threshold values k1 and k2 are set, k1 is a first-stage early warning point, when k is larger than 0 and smaller than k1, the slope starts to enter an unstable state, k2 is a second-stage early warning point, and when k is larger than k1 and smaller than k2, the slope starts to enter a dangerous state from the unstable state. According to the invention, a slope early warning mechanism which is high in real-time performance, low in maintenance cost, capable of comprehensively monitoring slope stability and flexible can be established, and an advanced and feasible solution is provided for anchor cable prestress monitoring and slope monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope monitoring, and in particular to a passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system and a slope monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of civil engineering, the anchor cable prestressing monitoring system is a key technology, especially in large structures, bridges, tunnels and other buildings. Anchor cable prestressing is a means of enhancing the stability and bearing capacity of the structure by pre-applying tension. In order to ensure that the prestressed state of the anchor cable can be stable for a long time and to monitor potential problems in a timely manner, the passive wireless anchor cable prestressing monitoring system came into being.

[0003] Traditional anchor cable prestressing monitoring systems usually use wired connections, which limits their application in complex engineering sites. Wired systems are not only difficult to deploy, but also easily interfered by the external environment and construction activities, resulting in inaccurate monitoring data. Active sensor systems usually require external power supply, which increases the energy consumption and maintenance costs of the project. In addition, the introduction of cables also increases the difficulty of construction. In the existing technology, there is an increasing demand for real-time monitoring of structural health status and remote transmission of data, but traditional monitoring systems cannot meet these requirements because they usually lack real-time and remote monitoring functions.

[0004] As an active reinforcement technology, prestressed anchor cables play an important role in improving slope stability. For slopes reinforced with anchor cables, the stress state in the rock and soil is improved, the deformation of the slope surface is limited, and the safety factor of the slope is improved. The anchoring project of highway slopes is not a permanent guarantee. With the changes in the external load and internal structure of the rock and soil body of the slope, the slope still has the potential risk of instability and damage. The slope safety warning is mainly to determine the critical threshold of the slope under different safety and stability states by exploring the corresponding change law between the mechanical parameters of the characteristic points on the slope and the slope state parameters, and to obtain the early warning criteria for different levels of slope stability according to the degree of slope instability and damage. However, for "composite slopes" with high safety levels or insufficient safety reserves of the slope itself and requiring support structures, there are deficiencies in warning the safety and stability of the slope only from the perspective of slope deformation. This is mainly because the slope deformation is somewhat "sluggish" in its response to the safety of the slope. Once the slope is deformed, it means that the slope sliding surface has developed to a certain extent, which is unacceptable for slopes with high safety levels. Therefore, due to the lack of early warning indicators for slope safety and stability, it is currently impossible to provide a higher level of early warning for slope safety and stability. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a passive wireless anchor prestressed monitoring system and a slope monitoring method thereof, which can establish a high real-time, low maintenance cost, comprehensive monitoring of slope stability and a flexible slope early warning mechanism, providing an advanced and feasible solution for anchor prestressed monitoring and slope monitoring.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system, which includes:

[0007] An anchor cable prestress sensor, installed on the anchor cable, measures the initial prestress of the anchor cable and the increment of the internal force of the anchor cable;

[0008] A collection device, connected to the anchor cable prestress sensor, to collect the initial prestress of the anchor cable and the increment of the internal force of the anchor cable measured by the anchor cable prestress sensor;

[0009] A wireless transmission device is used to remotely transmit the prestressing data and the incremental data in the anchor cable to a host computer for monitoring and analysis;

[0010] An early warning device monitors the prestressing data and the incremental data in the anchor cable in real time, and issues an alarm if the prestressing data and / or the incremental data in the anchor cable exceed a safety threshold;

[0011] A management device receives the prestressing data and the internal force increment data, and stores, processes and analyzes them;

[0012] A power supply device is used to supply power to the anchor cable prestressed sensor, the acquisition device, the wireless transmission device, the early warning device and the management device.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0014] The early warning device includes a data receiving module, a data processing module, an alarm triggering module and an alarm output module;

[0015] The data receiving module receives the prestressing data and the internal force increment data;

[0016] The data processing module analyzes and processes the received data and compares it with a preset safety threshold;

[0017] The alarm trigger module determines whether an alarm needs to be triggered based on the data processing result, and sends an alarm signal if the data exceeds a preset threshold;

[0018] The alarm output module outputs the alarm signal to a corresponding alarm device.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0020] The management device includes a data storage module, a control module, a maintenance log module and a data backup module;

[0021] The data storage module stores the prestress data, the internal force increment data and the alarm record;

[0022] The control module manages and controls the operation of the entire monitoring system, including adjusting the acquisition frequency and transmission parameters;

[0023] The maintenance log module records system operation status and maintenance history;

[0024] The data backup module provides data backup and recovery functions.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0026] The anchor cable prestress sensor adopts a strain sensor;

[0027] The strain sensor comprises a strain gauge, a strain support base and a strain connection cable;

[0028] The strain gauge and the strain connection cable are installed on the strain support base;

[0029] The strain support base is mounted on the anchor cable;

[0030] The strain connection cable is connected to the acquisition device.

[0031] Its technical effect is that the strain sensor can obtain prestress information by measuring the deformation of the anchor cable, is very sensitive to the tiny strain of the anchor cable, can accurately detect the initial prestress and internal force increment of the anchor cable, and has strong adaptability and is easy to install.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0033] The anchor cable prestress sensor adopts a vibrating wire sensor;

[0034] The vibrating wire sensor comprises a measuring wire, a vibrating wire supporting base, an amplifying circuit and a connecting cable;

[0035] The two ends of the measuring string are fixed on the vibrating string support base and kept taut;

[0036] The amplifying circuit and the connecting cable are mounted on the vibrating wire supporting base;

[0037] The vibrating wire support base is mounted on the anchor cable;

[0038] The connecting cable is connected to the acquisition device.

[0039] The technical effect is that the vibrating string is a thin string fixed at both ends and tensioned. Its vibration frequency and characteristics are directly related to the tension of the string. When the prestress of the anchor cable changes, the deformation of the anchor cable will cause the tension of the vibrating string to change, thereby causing the vibration frequency and characteristics of the vibrating string to change accordingly. It is very sensitive to the slight deformation of the anchor cable. By measuring the vibration frequency and characteristics of the vibrating string to obtain the prestress information of the anchor cable, the state change of the anchor cable can be accurately reflected. At the same time, it has strong anti-interference and durability, and can work stably for a long time in harsh environments.

[0040] In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein:

[0041] The wireless transmission device includes a LoRaWAN module, a 5G module and a switching module;

[0042] The switching module detects the signal strength of the current communication module at a fixed period, and if the signal strength of the current communication module is lower than the preset value, another module is switched for communication;

[0043] The LoRaWAN module includes a LoRa modem, a LoRa processor, a LoRa RF front end, a LoRa antenna and a LoRa external interface;

[0044] The 5G module includes a 5G modem, a baseband processor, a 5G RF front end, a 5G antenna and a 5G external interface.

[0045] The technical effect is that LoRaWAN is suitable for low-power, long-distance communication, while 5G provides high-speed, large-capacity communication capabilities. The combination of the two can be selected according to specific needs through an intelligent switching mechanism, which can not only ensure the stability of communication, but also meet different communication needs. At the same time, it can effectively manage energy consumption and extend the system's operating time.

[0046] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method using a passive wireless anchor cable prestressed monitoring system, which includes:

[0047] Obtain the initial prestress F of the anchor cable and the internal force increment ΔF of the anchor cable;

[0048] Calculate the anchor cable internal force increment ratio k = ΔF / F;

[0049] Establish the calculation model of anchor cable prestress x and anchor cable internal force increment ratio k of the slope K(x)=AeBx , where x is the value of anchor cable prestress, A and B are constants;

[0050] Set the slope stability thresholds k1 and k2, where k1 is the first-level warning point. When 0<k<k1, the slope begins to enter an unstable state. k2 is the second-level warning point. When k1<k<k2, the slope begins to enter a dangerous state from an unstable state.

[0051] The passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system adopts the passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system as described above.

[0052] In combination with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein:

[0053] Under different anchor cable prestress F, the values ​​of the first-level warning point k1 and the second-level warning point k2 are different;

[0054] As the initial prestress F of the anchor cable increases, the value of the first-level warning point k1 decreases, k1 = 0.2154e -0.003F ;

[0055] As the initial prestress F of the anchor cable increases, the value of the second-level warning point k2 decreases, k2 = 0.8626e -0.003F .

[0056] The technical effect is as follows: the present invention establishes an early warning index of the safety and stability state of the slope using the anchor cable internal force increment ratio, and proposes two early warning standards for judging the stability state of the slope safety factor based on the change law of the anchor cable internal force increment under different slope rock and soil strength reduction coefficients and the corresponding slope safety factor: when the anchor cable internal force increment ratio k value reaches the first-level early warning point, it indicates that the slope begins to enter an unstable state; when the anchor cable internal force increment ratio k value reaches the second-level early warning point, it indicates that the slope sliding zone is connected and the slope begins to slide comprehensively. The anchor cable internal force increment ratio index k eliminates the influence of the initial prestress of the anchor cable, which is convenient for engineering applications. The anchor cable internal force increment ratios k1 and k2 values ​​of the two early warning states show an exponential relationship with the initial prestress of the anchor cable, which can be expressed by the formula y=Ae Bx It is indicated that this relationship can be used to realize the early warning of the safe and stable state of the slope reinforced with different anchor cables.

[0057] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the passive wireless anchor prestressed slope monitoring method as described above is implemented.

[0058] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method as described above is implemented.

[0059] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0060] The present invention adopts two communication modules, the LoRaWAN module and the 5G module. The communication mode can be selected according to the specific situation, and the flexible switching of the communication mode is realized. The switching module realizes intelligent switching between the two communication modules by monitoring the signal strength, which helps to ensure the stability and reliability of communication in different communication environments, optimize energy efficiency, extend the system operation time, and improve the sustainability of the system.

[0061] The hydraulic execution module of the present invention monitors the pressure, flow and temperature parameters in the hydraulic cylinder through hydraulic sensors to achieve precise control of anchor cable loading and tensioning; the servo control module monitors the parameters transmitted by the hydraulic sensors and achieves real-time monitoring and control of the system based on thresholds, so that the system can respond to abnormal situations in a timely manner.

[0062] The present invention provides a variety of anchor cable prestress sensors, including strain sensors and vibrating wire sensors, to meet different monitoring requirements and anchor cable types. The strain sensor measures the tiny deformation of the anchor cable to achieve high-sensitivity measurement of the anchor cable prestress; the vibrating wire sensor measures the vibration frequency change of the vibrating wire to achieve in-depth monitoring of the anchor cable status.

[0063] The present invention provides a slope stability calculation model based on anchor cable prestress monitoring data. Through comprehensive analysis of the initial prestress of the anchor cable and the internal force increment, a slope stability calculation model is established, and first-level and second-level warning points are set, so that the system can issue an early warning when the slope enters an unstable and dangerous state, which helps to take timely preventive and control measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0065] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system of the present invention.

[0068] In the figure, 1-anchor prestressed sensor; 2-collection device; 3-wireless transmission device; 4-early warning device; 5-management device; 6-power supply device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0070] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a passive wireless anchor prestress monitoring system, which includes: an anchor prestress sensor, installed on the anchor, measuring the initial prestress of the anchor and the incremental internal force of the anchor; a collection device, connected to the anchor prestress sensor, collecting the initial prestress of the anchor and the incremental internal force of the anchor measured by the anchor prestress sensor; a wireless transmission device, remotely transmitting the prestress data and the incremental data of the anchor to a host computer for monitoring and analysis; an early warning device, monitoring the prestress data and the incremental data of the anchor in real time, and issuing an alarm if the prestress data and / or the incremental data of the anchor exceeds the safety threshold; a management device, receiving the prestress data and the incremental internal force data, and storing, processing and analyzing them; a power supply device, supplying power to the anchor prestress sensor, the collection device, the wireless transmission device, the early warning device and the management device.

[0071] Among them, the early warning device includes a data receiving module, a data processing module, an alarm triggering module and an alarm output module; the data receiving module receives the prestress data and the internal force increment data; the data processing module analyzes and processes the received data, and compares it with a preset safety threshold; the alarm triggering module determines whether to trigger an alarm based on the data processing results, and if the data exceeds the preset threshold, an alarm signal is issued; the alarm output module outputs the alarm signal to the corresponding alarm device.

[0072] Among them, the management device includes a data storage module, a control module, a maintenance log module and a data backup module; the data storage module stores the prestressed data, the internal force increment data and the alarm records; the control module manages and controls the operation of the entire monitoring system, including adjusting the acquisition frequency and transmission parameters; the maintenance log module records the system operation status and maintenance history; the data backup module provides data backup and recovery functions.

[0073] Among them, the anchor cable prestressed sensor adopts a strain type sensor; the strain type sensor includes a strain gauge, a strain support base and a strain connecting cable; the strain gauge and the strain connecting cable are installed on the strain support base; the strain support base is installed on the anchor cable; the strain connecting cable is connected to the acquisition device.

[0074] Its technical effect is that the strain sensor can obtain prestress information by measuring the deformation of the anchor cable, is very sensitive to the tiny strain of the anchor cable, can accurately detect the initial prestress and internal force increment of the anchor cable, and has strong adaptability and is easy to install.

[0075] Among them, the anchor cable prestressed sensor adopts a vibrating string sensor; the vibrating string sensor includes a measuring string, a vibrating string support base, an amplifying circuit and a connecting cable; the two ends of the measuring string are fixed on the vibrating string support base to keep it taut; the amplifying circuit and the connecting cable are installed on the vibrating string support base; the vibrating string support base is installed on the anchor cable; the connecting cable is connected to the acquisition device.

[0076] The technical effect is that the vibrating string is a thin string fixed at both ends and tensioned. Its vibration frequency and characteristics are directly related to the tension of the string. When the prestress of the anchor cable changes, the deformation of the anchor cable will cause the tension of the vibrating string to change, thereby causing the vibration frequency and characteristics of the vibrating string to change accordingly. It is very sensitive to the slight deformation of the anchor cable. By measuring the vibration frequency and characteristics of the vibrating string to obtain the prestress information of the anchor cable, the state change of the anchor cable can be accurately reflected. At the same time, it has strong anti-interference and durability, and can work stably for a long time in harsh environments.

[0077] Among them, the wireless transmission device includes a LoRaWAN module, a 5G module and a switching module; the switching module detects the signal strength of the current communication module at a fixed period, and if the strength of the current communication module is lower than the preset, it switches to another module for communication; the LoRaWAN module includes a LoRa modem, a LoRa processor, a LoRa RF front end, a LoRa antenna and a LoRa external interface; the 5G module includes a 5G modem, a baseband processor, a 5G RF front end, a 5G antenna and a 5G external interface.

[0078] Specifically, the LoRa modem is responsible for implementing the LoRa modulation and demodulation functions, converting digital data into LoRa modulation signals, and demodulating digital data from received LoRa signals; the LoRa processor controls the operation of the LoRaWAN module, including data processing, communication control, protocol stack management and other functions; the LoRa RF front end (RFFront-end) processes RF signals, including signal amplification, filtering and other functions to ensure signal stability and reliability; the LoRa antenna sends and receives RF signals; the LoRa external interface provides an interface for communicating with other system components, typically including a serial port, SPI, etc.

[0079] Specifically, the 5G modem is used to realize the mutual conversion between digital data and 5G modulated signals; the baseband processor is responsible for digital signal processing, scheduling, protocol stack management and other functions; the 5G RF front-end processes 5G RF signals, including signal amplification, filtering, etc.; the 5G antenna is used to send and receive 5G RF signals; the 5G external interface provides an interface for communication with other system components, usually including high-speed serial ports, PCIe, etc.

[0080] The technical effect is that LoRaWAN is suitable for low-power, long-distance communication, while 5G provides high-speed, large-capacity communication capabilities. The combination of the two can be selected according to specific needs through an intelligent switching mechanism, which can not only ensure the stability of communication, but also meet different communication needs. At the same time, it can effectively manage energy consumption and extend the system's operating time.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 2 The second embodiment of the present invention provides a passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method using a passive wireless anchor cable prestressed monitoring system, which includes: obtaining the initial anchor cable prestress F and the anchor cable internal force increment ΔF; calculating the anchor cable internal force increment ratio k=ΔF / F; establishing a calculation model K(x)=Ae of the anchor cable prestress x and the anchor cable internal force increment ratio k of the slope. Bx , where x is the value of the anchor prestress, and A and B are constants; setting slope stability thresholds k1 and k2, where k1 is the first-level warning point, when 0<k<k1, the slope begins to enter an unstable state, and k2 is the second-level warning point, when k1<k<k2, the slope begins to enter a dangerous state from an unstable state; the passive wireless anchor prestress monitoring system adopts the passive wireless anchor prestress monitoring system described above.

[0082] Specifically, when the foot of the slope begins to slide, the incremental change of the internal force of the anchor cable is not very obvious, and the internal force of the upper anchor cable has not changed significantly, indicating that the reinforcement effect of the anchor cable on the slope has not been fully exerted. This state only indicates that the slope has begun to enter an unstable state, which should be used as the starting point for the early warning of slope safety. As the displacement of the foot of the slope increases rapidly, the internal force of the anchor cable increases rapidly, the slope sliding zone develops upward, and the unstable state of the slope develops further. When the rate of increase of the internal force of the anchor cable reaches the maximum, the internal force of the anchor cable increases significantly. At this time, the slope sliding zone is connected, the slope enters a dangerous state from an unstable state, and the risk level increases.

[0083] Therefore, the early warning anchor cables should focus on the anchor cables at the foot of the slope, and the internal forces of the anchor cables should be monitored for a long time to understand their changing patterns. The anchor cables near the top of the slope can be used as auxiliary early warning anchor cables, and their number can be less than the key early warning anchor cables at the foot of the slope, but the internal forces of the anchor cables near the top of the slope should also be monitored for a long time. Since the internal forces of the anchor cables at the foot of the slope are more sensitive to changes, the stability of the slope can be judged by monitoring the changes in the internal forces of the anchor cables at the foot of the slope.

[0084] Among them, under different initial prestress F of the anchor cable, the values ​​of the first-level warning point k1 and the second-level warning point k2 are different; as the initial prestress F of the anchor cable increases, the value of the first-level warning point k1 decreases, k1=0.2154e -0.003F ; The initial prestress F of the anchor cable increases, and the value of the second-level warning point k2 decreases, k2 = 0.8626e -0.003F .

[0085] The third embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the passive wireless anchor prestressed slope monitoring method as described above when executing the computer program.

[0086] A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method as described above.

[0087] The computer program product of the passive wireless anchor prestressing monitoring method and device provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the method in the previous method embodiment. The specific implementation can be found in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] Specifically, the storage medium can be a general storage medium, such as a mobile disk, a hard disk, etc. When the computer program on the storage medium is run, it can execute the above-mentioned passive wireless anchor prestressed slope monitoring method, thereby establishing a high real-time, low maintenance cost, comprehensive monitoring of slope stability and flexible slope early warning mechanism, providing an advanced and feasible solution for anchor prestressed monitoring and slope monitoring.

[0089] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A passive wireless anchor cable prestress monitoring system, characterized in that: include: An anchor cable prestress sensor, installed on the anchor cable, measures the initial prestress of the anchor cable and the increment of the internal force of the anchor cable; A collection device, connected to the anchor cable prestress sensor, to collect the initial prestress of the anchor cable and the increment of the internal force of the anchor cable measured by the anchor cable prestress sensor; A wireless transmission device is used to remotely transmit the prestressing data and the incremental data in the anchor cable to a host computer for monitoring and analysis; An early warning device monitors the prestressing data and the incremental data in the anchor cable in real time, and issues an alarm if the prestressing data and / or the incremental data in the anchor cable exceed a safety threshold; A management device receives the prestressing data and the internal force increment data, and stores, processes and analyzes them; A power supply device is used to supply power to the anchor cable prestressed sensor, the acquisition device, the wireless transmission device, the early warning device and the management device.

2. The passive wireless anchor cable prestressing monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The early warning device includes a data receiving module, a data processing module, an alarm triggering module and an alarm output module; The data receiving module receives the prestressing data and the internal force increment data; The data processing module analyzes and processes the received data and compares it with a preset safety threshold; The alarm trigger module determines whether an alarm needs to be triggered based on the data processing result, and sends an alarm signal if the data exceeds a preset threshold; The alarm output module outputs the alarm signal to a corresponding alarm device.

3. The passive wireless anchor cable prestressing monitoring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The management device includes a data storage module, a control module, a maintenance log module and a data backup module; The data storage module stores the prestress data, the internal force increment data and the alarm record; The control module manages and controls the operation of the entire monitoring system, including adjusting the acquisition frequency and transmission parameters; The maintenance log module records system operation status and maintenance history; The data backup module provides data backup and recovery functions.

4. The passive wireless anchor cable prestressing monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchor cable prestress sensor adopts a strain sensor; The strain sensor comprises a strain gauge, a strain support base and a strain connection cable; The strain gauge and the strain connection cable are installed on the strain support base; The strain support base is mounted on the anchor cable; The strain connection cable is connected to the acquisition device.

5. The passive wireless anchor cable prestressing monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchor cable prestress sensor adopts a vibrating wire sensor; The vibrating wire sensor comprises a measuring wire, a vibrating wire supporting base, an amplifying circuit and a connecting cable; The two ends of the measuring string are fixed on the vibrating string support base and kept taut; The amplifying circuit and the connecting cable are mounted on the vibrating wire supporting base; The vibrating wire support base is mounted on the anchor cable; The connecting cable is connected to the acquisition device.

6. The passive wireless anchor cable prestressing monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wireless transmission device includes a LoRaWAN module, a 5G module and a switching module; The switching module detects the signal strength of the current communication module at a fixed period, and if the signal strength of the current communication module is lower than the preset value, another module is switched for communication; The LoRaWAN module includes a LoRa modem, a LoRa processor, a LoRa RF front end, a LoRa antenna and a LoRa external interface; The 5G module includes a 5G modem, a baseband processor, a 5G RF front end, a 5G antenna and a 5G external interface.

7. A passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method using a passive wireless anchor cable prestressed monitoring system, characterized in that: include: Obtain the initial prestress F of the anchor cable and the internal force increment ΔF of the anchor cable; Calculate the anchor cable internal force increment ratio k = ΔF / F; Establish the calculation model of anchor cable prestress x and anchor cable internal force increment ratio k of the slope K(x)=Ae Bx , where x is the value of anchor cable prestress, A and B are constants; Set the slope stability thresholds k1 and k2, where k1 is the first-level warning point. When 0<k<k1, the slope begins to enter an unstable state. k2 is the second-level warning point. When k1<k<k2, the slope begins to enter a dangerous state from an unstable state. The passive wireless anchor cable prestressing monitoring system adopts the passive wireless anchor cable prestressing monitoring system as described in claim 6.

8. The passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Under different initial prestress F of the anchor cable, the values ​​of the first-level warning point k1 and the second-level warning point k2 are different; As the initial prestress F of the anchor cable increases, the value of the first-level warning point k1 decreases, k1 = 0.2154e -0.003F ; As the initial prestress F of the anchor cable increases, the value of the second-level warning point k2 decreases, k2 = 0.8626e -0.003F .

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method as described in any one of claims 7 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the passive wireless anchor cable prestressed slope monitoring method as described in any one of claims 7 to 8 is implemented.

Images