Method and system for monitoring emission of pollutants in soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for monitoring emission of pollutants in soil, and relates to the technical field of pollutant emission monitoring. Monitoring points near urban areas, monitoring points near factories and contrast monitoring points are marked, monitoring organisms in a monitoring area are further marked, and a linear relation between the monitoring organisms and the emission amount of the pollutants in the soil is identified; the abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms in the near-urban monitoring points and the near-factory monitoring points are identified based on the deviation conditions between the biological indexes of the near-urban monitoring points and the biological indexes of the monitored organisms in the control monitoring points, and whether pollutant discharge abnormity exists or not is further judged through pollutant discharge verification. And the pollutant discharge grade is determined based on the linear relation between the monitored organisms and the pollutant discharge amount in the soil, and then a pollutant discharge monitoring report is generated. The system realizes comprehensive coverage of soil pollution monitoring, accurate selection of monitoring organisms, identification of pollution sources, real-time data analysis, enhancement of public participation and provision of scientific decision support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pollutant emission monitoring, and in particular to a method and system for monitoring pollutant emission in soil. Background Art

[0002] Due to agricultural activities, industrial emissions and urbanization, soil is polluted by heavy metals, drugs, fertilizers and other harmful substances, resulting in soil quality decline and ecosystem damage. Soil pollution directly affects the safety of crops and, in turn, human health. As the public pays more attention to food safety, soil pollution monitoring becomes particularly important. With the development of sensor technology, remote sensing technology and data analysis methods, the means of monitoring pollutants in soil are becoming increasingly diverse, which provides a technical basis for real-time and accurate monitoring of soil pollution.

[0003] In traditional methods, the selection of monitoring points is often limited to certain specific areas, such as urban areas or near factories, ignoring the comprehensive impact of different pollution sources on the entire area. In addition, existing technologies usually only evaluate pollution by monitoring physical or chemical parameters in the environment (such as gas concentration, soil composition), ignoring the biological response to pollutants. Even if biological indicators are used, there are certain errors in monitoring because biological indicators are not only affected by soil pollution, but also by air pollution, water pollution, meteorological changes, etc.; after discovering pollution anomalies, there is often a lack of quantitative judgment on the pollutant emission level, resulting in a lack of specificity in dealing with pollution problems.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the above problems, a method and system for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil are urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil, which solves the problems of blind spots in soil pollution monitoring, improper selection of monitoring organisms, monitoring organisms being affected by multi-source pollution, difficulty in source identification and delayed data analysis.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil, comprising the following steps: selecting monitoring points based on the regional layout of the monitoring area, marking three types of monitoring points, the three types of monitoring points including near-urban monitoring points, near-factory monitoring points and control monitoring points; marking the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms in the monitoring area, and using the sensitivity test results of the monitoring organisms to identify the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil; acquiring biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the three types of monitoring points in real time, and identifying abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the near-urban monitoring points and near-factory monitoring points based on the deviation conditions of the biological indicators of the near-urban monitoring points and near-factory monitoring points and the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the control monitoring points; further judging whether there is abnormal pollutant emission through pollutant emission verification for the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the identified near-urban monitoring points and near-factory monitoring points; determining the pollutant emission level based on the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil for the judgment of the existence of abnormal pollutant emissions, and then generating a pollutant emission monitoring report based on the pollutant emission level.

[0007] Furthermore, monitoring points are selected based on the regional layout of the monitoring area, and the specific analysis of marking the three types of monitoring points is as follows: obtaining the geographical area range of the environment to be monitored, and then collecting the regional layout information within the geographical area, wherein the regional layout information includes land use type, industrial distribution and population distribution; further dividing the geographical area range according to the regional layout information, and specifically dividing the area into a near-urban area range, a near-factory area range and a non-urban and non-factory area range; evenly marking no less than three monitoring points in the near-urban area range, the near-factory area range and the non-urban and non-factory area range, and marking the monitoring points as near-urban monitoring points, near-factory monitoring points and control monitoring points, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific analysis of using the sensitivity test results of monitoring organisms to identify the linear relationship between monitoring organisms and pollutant emissions in the soil is as follows: identifying the soil organism species in the monitoring area, and then selecting the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms; obtaining soil pollution test information of the monitoring organism sensitivity test, the soil pollution test information including the pollutant emission concentration in the soil and the monitoring organism reproduction rate corresponding to different pollutant emission concentrations in the soil; obtaining the linear relationship between the monitoring organism reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil by identifying different pollutant emission concentrations in the soil and the corresponding monitoring organism reproduction rate, and quantifying the impact of the pollutant emission in the soil on the monitoring organism based on the linear relationship between the monitoring organism reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil.

[0009] Further, the specific analysis of selecting the monitoring organisms of the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms is as follows: obtaining the sensitivity test information of the soil organisms, the sensitivity test information including soil pollution sensitivity information, air pollution sensitivity information, water pollution sensitivity information and temperature sensitivity information; the soil pollution sensitivity information is specifically the change in the concentration of pollutants in the soil when the metabolic enzyme activity of the soil organisms under the control variable suddenly changes to not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; the air pollution sensitivity information is specifically the change in the concentration of air pollutants when the metabolic enzyme activity of the soil organisms under the control variable suddenly changes to not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; the water pollution sensitivity information is specifically the change in the concentration of water pollutants when the metabolic enzyme activity of the soil organisms under the control variable suddenly changes to not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; the temperature sensitivity information is specifically the change in temperature when the metabolic enzyme activity of the soil organisms under the control variable suddenly changes to not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; the soil sensitive response value of the soil organisms is obtained through the sensitivity test information of the soil organisms, and the soil sensitive response value is used to quantify the sensitivity of the soil organisms to changes in the soil environment;

[0010] The soil sensitive response values ​​of various soil organisms in the monitoring area are compared, and the soil organism with the largest soil sensitive response value is selected and marked as the monitoring organism in the monitoring area.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific analysis of identifying abnormal conditions of monitored organisms in monitoring points near urban areas and near factories based on the deviation conditions of biological indicators of monitoring points near urban areas and near factories and biological indicators of monitored organisms in control monitoring points is as follows: the biological indicators of monitored organisms in the three types of monitoring points specifically include the reproduction rate of monitored organisms in monitoring points near urban areas, the reproduction rate of monitored organisms in monitoring points near factories and the reproduction rate of monitored organisms in control monitoring points; the mean values ​​of biological indicators of monitored organisms in the three types of monitoring points are taken as reference values ​​of biological indicators for the three types of monitoring points; the difference between the reference value of biological indicators of monitoring points near urban areas and the reference value of biological indicators of control monitoring points, and the difference between the reference value of biological indicators of monitoring points near factories and the reference value of biological indicators of control monitoring points are taken as deviation values ​​of biological indicators of monitoring organisms in monitoring points near urban areas and near factories and control monitoring points respectively; the deviation values ​​of biological indicators of monitoring organisms in monitoring points near urban areas and near factories and control monitoring points are compared with biological indicator deviation thresholds, and when there is a deviation value greater than the deviation threshold, it is marked that the monitored organisms in the area are abnormal.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific analysis of the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the identified near-urban monitoring points and near-factory monitoring points to determine whether there is abnormal pollutant emission is further carried out through pollutant emission verification is as follows: a verification monitoring point is determined by random selection from the monitoring points within the area where the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms are identified; soil data of the verification monitoring point is obtained, and the soil data is specifically soil enzyme activity; the soil enzyme activity of the verification monitoring point is compared with a preset activity range of the soil enzyme, and when the soil enzyme activity of the verification monitoring point does not fall within the preset activity range of the soil enzyme, it is determined that there is abnormal pollutant emission in the soil of the area.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the linear relationship between the monitored organisms and the pollutant emission amount in the soil, the pollutant emission level is determined, and then the specific analysis of the pollutant emission monitoring report is generated according to the pollutant emission level: for the regional scope where there are abnormal pollutant emissions from the soil, the monitored organism reproduction rate of each monitoring point in the regional scope is obtained, and then the average of the monitored organism reproduction rate of each monitoring point is taken as the monitored organism reproduction rate index of the regional scope, and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil corresponding to the monitored organism reproduction rate index of the regional scope is obtained according to the linear relationship between the monitored organism reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil; the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is compared with the upper and lower thresholds of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, and when the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is less than the upper and lower thresholds of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil When the pollutant emission concentration is below the lower threshold, the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area is marked as level three emission; when the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is less than the upper threshold of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, and greater than the lower threshold of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area is marked as level two emission; when the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is greater than the upper threshold of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area is marked as level one emission; a pollutant emission monitoring report is generated based on the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area, and the pollutant emission monitoring report includes the regional scope of pollutant emissions, the pollutant emission level in the soil, and the pollutant emission response strategies provided for each soil pollutant emission level.

[0014] A soil pollutant emission monitoring system, using the above-mentioned soil pollutant emission monitoring method, includes: a monitoring point marking module, used to select monitoring points based on the regional layout of the monitoring area, marking three types of monitoring points, the three types of monitoring points including monitoring points near the urban area, monitoring points near the factory and control monitoring points; a monitoring organism determination module, used to mark the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms in the monitoring area, and use the sensitivity test results of the monitoring organisms to identify the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emission in the soil; a monitoring organism anomaly identification module, used to obtain the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the three types of monitoring points in real time, based on the near The abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory are identified by the deviation of the biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the control monitoring points; the pollutant emission abnormality determination module is used to further determine whether there is pollutant emission abnormality through pollutant emission verification for the identified abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory; the pollutant emission level determination module is used to determine the pollutant emission level based on the linear relationship between the monitored organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil in order to determine the existence of pollutant emission abnormality, and then generate a pollutant emission monitoring report based on the pollutant emission level.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The method and system for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil can comprehensively and systematically capture pollutant emissions under different environmental conditions by scientifically dividing the monitoring area and setting monitoring points near urban areas, monitoring points near factories and control monitoring points; based on the sensitivity test of soil organisms, monitoring organisms related to pollutant emissions can be identified, and the sensitivity evaluation of such biological indicators provides an early warning of soil pollution levels, thereby improving the timeliness and accuracy of monitoring; by comparing biological indicators at different monitoring points, abnormal conditions of monitoring organisms can be effectively identified, pollution sources can be quickly located, and corresponding treatment measures can be taken; by using the linear relationship between monitoring organisms and pollutant emissions in soil, the emission level of pollutants can be quantitatively evaluated based on changes in biological indicators, providing data support for environmental governance and helping relevant departments to formulate scientific and reasonable management measures; based on the determined pollutant emission level, a pollutant emission monitoring report is automatically generated, thereby facilitating the transmission of information to regulatory authorities, the public and other stakeholders, increasing transparency and responsibility, and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of environmental protection work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil.

[0018] Figure 2This is a structural diagram of a soil pollutant emission monitoring system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The embodiments of the present application achieve comprehensive coverage of soil pollution monitoring, accurate selection of monitoring organisms, identification of pollution sources, real-time data analysis, enhanced public participation and provision of scientific decision-making support through a method and system for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil.

[0020] The overall idea of ​​the problem in the embodiment of this application is as follows:

[0021] Select monitoring points near urban areas, monitoring points near factories and control monitoring points to form a multi-level monitoring network to monitor pollution in different environments in an all-round way; select organisms that can effectively reflect the state of soil pollution, such as specific plants or microorganisms, based on the sensitivity and adaptability of the organisms; use sensors and automated equipment to collect biological indicator data of the monitored organisms in real time, and conduct regular sample analysis to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data; identify abnormal conditions by comparing changes in biological indicators between different monitoring points, especially significant changes in monitoring points near urban areas and near factories; further verify the identified abnormal conditions, specifically using a combination of soil sample analysis and pollutant emission data to confirm whether there are abnormal pollutant emissions; integrate the monitoring results with pollutant emission data to form a comprehensive assessment report to evaluate pollution sources and their impact on the environment.

[0022] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil, comprising the following steps: selecting monitoring points based on the regional layout of the monitoring area, marking three types of monitoring points, the three types of monitoring points including near-urban monitoring points, near-factory monitoring points and control monitoring points; marking the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms in the monitoring area, and using the sensitivity test results of the monitoring organisms to identify the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil; acquiring biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the three types of monitoring points in real time, and identifying abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the near-urban monitoring points and near-factory monitoring points based on the deviation conditions of the biological indicators of the near-urban monitoring points and near-factory monitoring points and the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the control monitoring points; further judging whether there is abnormal pollutant emission through pollutant emission verification for the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the identified near-urban monitoring points and near-factory monitoring points; determining the pollutant emission level based on the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil for the judgment of the existence of abnormal pollutant emissions, and then generating a pollutant emission monitoring report based on the pollutant emission level.

[0023] Specifically, monitoring points are selected based on the regional layout of the monitoring area, and the specific analysis of marking three types of monitoring points is as follows: obtaining the geographical area where the environment needs to be monitored, and then collecting the regional layout information within the geographical area, the regional layout information includes land use type, industrial distribution and population distribution; further dividing the geographical area according to the regional layout information, and specifically dividing the area into near-urban area, near-factory area and non-urban and non-factory area; evenly marking no less than three monitoring points in the near-urban area, near-factory area and non-urban and non-factory area, and marking the monitoring points as near-urban monitoring points, near-factory monitoring points and control monitoring points, respectively.

[0024] In this implementation plan, by making a detailed division of the monitoring areas, it is ensured that the pollutant emissions in different types of areas can be effectively monitored. Urban areas and factory areas are usually the concentration of pollution sources, while the control areas (non-urban areas and non-factory areas) provide a relatively unpolluted or less polluted benchmark for easy comparative analysis. This regional division makes the layout of monitoring points more scientific and helps to comprehensively evaluate the impact of different pollution sources on the regional environment.

[0025] No less than three monitoring points are set up in each area to ensure the representativeness and stability of the data. Multiple monitoring points can provide more comprehensive data coverage, reduce the impact of data fluctuations or anomalies on the overall results, and help obtain more reliable pollution data through average or trend analysis, while reducing the interference of occasional pollution or local anomalies on the overall monitoring results.

[0026] Since the design is based on regional layout information, the selection of monitoring points is dynamically adjusted according to the specific geographical, economic and social environment. For example, with the expansion of industry or changes in urban construction, the distribution of monitoring points can also be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the monitoring network always covers the latest environmental conditions.

[0027] Specifically, the specific analysis of using the sensitivity test results of monitoring organisms to identify the linear relationship between monitoring organisms and pollutant emissions in the soil is as follows: identify the soil organism species in the monitoring area, and then select the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms; obtain soil pollution test information of the monitoring organism sensitivity test, the soil pollution test information includes the pollutant emission concentration in the soil and the monitoring organism reproduction rate corresponding to different pollutant emission concentrations in the soil; identify different pollutant emission concentrations in the soil with the corresponding monitoring organism reproduction rate, obtain the linear relationship between the monitoring organism reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, and quantify the impact of pollutant emissions in the soil on the monitoring organism based on the linear relationship between the monitoring organism reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil.

[0028] In this implementation plan, the monitored biological species refers to biological species that are selected in the monitoring area and are sensitive to pollutants. They are usually some soil organisms that are more susceptible to pollution, such as earthworms, nematodes, etc., and are selected through soil biodiversity surveys combined with the sensitivity of known organisms to specific pollutants; the pollutant emission concentration in the soil refers to the concentration of pollutants (such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, etc.) emitted in the soil. The pollutant concentration in the soil is measured by sampling and analysis using laboratory analytical instruments (such as mass spectrometers or gas chromatographs); the monitored biological reproduction rate refers to the reproduction rate of the monitored organism under a specific pollutant concentration, which is usually expressed as the individual number growth rate or the population density change rate. Under laboratory conditions, the monitored organism is exposed to pollutants of different concentrations, its reproduction status is observed, and the reproduction rate under different pollution concentrations is recorded; the linear relationship between the reproduction rate and the pollutant concentration can predict how the reproduction rate of the organism will change under a specific concentration. By performing sensitivity tests in the laboratory and using multiple sets of data for regression analysis, a mathematical model between the pollutant concentration and the monitored biological reproduction rate is established. The specific linear relationship expression is: ε=C T *β+C T ′, where ε represents the monitoring biological reproduction rate, C T represents the pollutant concentration, β represents the linear regression coefficient, and represents the influence of pollutant concentration changes on the monitoring biological reproduction rate. It is obtained by verifying multiple groups of data through the least squares method. T ′ is the intercept, which represents the baseline reproduction rate of the monitored organisms when the pollutant concentration is 0. It is also obtained through experimental verification and identification based on multiple sets of data, or is set by professionals in related fields based on the knowledge of biological reproduction rates.

[0029] Through biological sensitivity testing, the impact of low-concentration pollutants can be identified more accurately, and the monitored organisms can respond when the concentration of environmental pollutants is very low, thereby achieving early warning of potential pollution. Compared with physical or chemical tests, biological sensitivity tests can more truly reflect the impact of pollutants on the ecosystem, especially for long-term accumulated pollutants, this method is more ecologically relevant; through the establishment of linear relationships, the impact of pollutants in the soil on organisms can be accurately quantified, providing a basis for quantitative evaluation, so that managers can take corresponding control measures according to different pollution levels; not only the concentration of pollutants in the soil is considered, but also the biological response of the monitored organisms (such as reproduction rate) is combined, providing a more comprehensive monitoring method, which helps to understand the long-term impact of pollution on the entire ecosystem; by quantifying the ecological impact of pollutants, it helps environmental protection departments to better formulate pollution control policies and remediation plans to ensure that pollution problems are scientifically addressed.

[0030] Specifically, the specific analysis of the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area selected based on the sensitivity test results of soil organisms is as follows: obtaining the sensitivity test information of soil organisms, the sensitivity test information includes soil pollution sensitivity information, air pollution sensitivity information, water pollution sensitivity information and temperature sensitivity information; the soil pollution sensitivity information is specifically the change in pollutant concentration in the soil when the metabolic enzyme activity size of the soil organisms under the control variables suddenly changes to not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; the air pollution sensitivity information is specifically the change in air pollutant concentration when the metabolic enzyme activity size of the soil organisms under the control variables suddenly changes to not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; the water pollution sensitivity information is specifically the change in air pollutant concentration when the metabolic enzyme activity size of the soil organisms under the control variables suddenly changes to not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; The sensitivity information is specifically the change in water pollutant concentration when the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms under the control variables mutates to a value that does not conform to the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; the temperature sensitivity information is specifically the change in temperature when the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms under the control variables mutates to a value that does not conform to the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; the soil sensitive response value of the soil organisms is obtained through the sensitivity test information of the soil organisms, and the soil sensitive response value is used to quantify the sensitivity of the soil organisms to changes in the soil environment; the soil sensitive response values ​​of each soil organism in the monitoring area are compared in size, and the soil organism with the largest soil sensitive response value is selected and marked as the monitoring organism in the monitoring area.

[0031] In this implementation scheme, soil pollution sensitive information indicates the degree of response of soil organism metabolic enzyme activity mutation when the pollutant concentration in the soil changes to a certain critical point. By controlling other variables unchanged in the laboratory, gradually increasing the pollutant concentration in the soil, observing the changes in the metabolic enzyme activity of the soil organisms, and recording the change in the pollutant concentration in the soil at that moment when the metabolic enzyme activity mutation exceeds the preset normal range, the air pollution sensitive information indicates the sensitivity of the abnormal response of the air pollutant concentration change to the soil organism metabolic enzyme activity. By simulating air pollution environments of different concentrations in the laboratory, monitoring the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms, and recording the corresponding air pollutant concentration change when its activity no longer meets the preset range, the water pollution sensitive information refers to the sensitive response of water pollutant concentration changes to the soil organism metabolic enzyme activity. By controlling other factors unchanged in the experimental environment, gradually increasing the water pollutant concentration, observing the changes in the soil organism metabolic enzyme activity, and recording the corresponding air pollutant concentration change when the activity changes beyond the normal range, The change in water pollutant concentration at this time is recorded; the temperature sensitivity information indicates the sensitivity of temperature changes to the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms. By gradually changing the ambient temperature in the experiment, the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms is monitored. When the enzyme activity changes beyond the normal range, the temperature change at this time is recorded; the soil sensitive response value is specifically quantified by integrating multidimensional factors such as soil pollution, air pollution, water pollution and temperature changes, and the overall sensitivity of soil organisms to environmental changes is quantified. It is calculated by weighting the soil pollution, air pollution, water pollution and temperature sensitivity information. In order to mark the most suitable monitoring organisms for responding to soil sensitivity, the soil pollution sensitivity information needs to be reciprocally processed in the calculation, and the soil pollution sensitivity information is given the highest weight value. The weight values ​​of other parameters are based on the pollution characteristics of the specific monitoring area, and the effects of different environmental factors on soil organisms are weighed to set. The weight value can also be reasonably set by analyzing historical data. The specific soil sensitivity response value is obtained by:

[0032] Where χ T Represents the soil sensitivity response value, ω T Represents sensitive information of soil pollution, ω K Represents air pollution sensitivity information, ω S Represents water pollution sensitivity information, ω W Represents temperature sensitivity information, δ T , δ K , δ S , δ W They respectively represent the weight values ​​corresponding to soil pollution sensitivity information, air pollution sensitivity information, water pollution sensitivity information and temperature sensitivity information.

[0033] Not only soil pollution is taken into account, but also the impact of air pollution, water pollution and temperature changes. The multi-dimensional sensitivity test can more comprehensively evaluate the response of soil organisms under different environmental conditions, so as to select the most representative monitoring organisms; by controlling variable tests on multiple environmental factors, it is possible to respond in a timely manner to emergencies that may occur in different environments, such as climate change or water quality fluctuations, to ensure that the sensitivity of the monitored organisms to environmental changes can be reflected in real time in the monitoring data; by selecting organisms with the largest soil sensitive response values ​​as monitoring organisms, it can maximize the guarantee that the monitored organisms are the most sensitive to pollutant emissions in the soil, thereby improving the monitoring system's ability to respond to changes in soil environmental pollution; the selection method based on sensitivity response can effectively avoid monitoring insensitive or highly adaptable organisms, ensure the accuracy and timeliness of monitoring data, and help to quickly identify pollution sources and pollution trends.

[0034] Specifically, based on the deviation of the biological indicators of the monitoring points near the urban area and the monitoring points near the factory from the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the control monitoring points, the specific analysis of the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and the monitoring points near the factory is identified as follows: the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the three types of monitoring points specifically include the reproduction rate of the monitoring organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area, the reproduction rate of the monitoring organisms in the monitoring points near the factory and the reproduction rate of the monitoring organisms in the control monitoring points; the average values ​​of the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the three types of monitoring points are taken as the reference values ​​of the biological indicators of the three types of monitoring points; the difference between the reference value of the biological indicator of the monitoring points near the urban area and the reference value of the biological indicator of the control monitoring points, and the difference between the reference value of the biological indicator of the monitoring points near the factory and the reference value of the biological indicator of the control monitoring points are taken as the deviation values ​​of the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory and the control monitoring points; the deviation values ​​of the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory and the control monitoring points are compared with the biological indicator deviation threshold, and when there is a deviation value greater than the deviation threshold, it is marked that the monitoring organisms in the area are abnormal.

[0035] In this implementation plan, the monitoring organism reproduction rate refers to the reproductive capacity of the monitored organisms in different monitoring points, which is usually used to measure the survival and growth status of the organisms. By periodically collecting samples, detecting the changes in the number of monitored organisms in each monitoring point, calculating their reproduction rates, or testing the samples for physiological indicators in the laboratory, such as individual reproduction rate, survival rate, etc.; the biological indicator reference value is the average value of the biological reproduction rate in various monitoring points, which is used to represent the overall biological status of a certain type of monitoring point. By statistically analyzing the biological reproduction rate data of multiple sampling points in each type of monitoring point, the average reproduction rate of each monitoring point is obtained; the deviation value represents the difference between the biological reproduction rate of the monitoring points near the urban area and the monitoring points near the factory and the control monitoring points, which can reflect whether the monitoring area is abnormally affected by pollutants; the biological indicator deviation threshold is a preset threshold. When the deviation value exceeds the threshold, it means that the biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the area have become abnormal and may be affected by pollutant emissions. Reasonable thresholds are set based on historical data, ecological characteristics of the monitored organisms, experimental data, and environmental risk assessments.

[0036] By comparing the biological indicators of monitored organisms in different types of monitoring points and using deviation analysis to identify abnormal areas, a more accurate method is provided for monitoring pollutant emissions, enabling the monitoring system to detect abnormal conditions of monitored organisms at an early stage, and to promptly warn and locate pollution sources to avoid the spread of pollution.

[0037] Specifically, the specific analysis of the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the identified monitoring points near the urban area and the monitoring points near the factory to further determine whether there are abnormal pollutant emissions is as follows: a verification monitoring point is determined by random selection from the monitoring points within the area where the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms are identified; the soil data of the verification monitoring point is obtained, and the soil data is specifically soil enzyme activity; the soil enzyme activity of the verification monitoring point is compared with the preset activity range of the soil enzyme, and when the soil enzyme activity of the verification monitoring point does not fall within the preset activity range of the soil enzyme, it is determined that there is abnormal pollutant emission in the soil of the area.

[0038] In this embodiment, the verification monitoring point refers to a monitoring point randomly selected from the area where the abnormal monitoring organisms have been identified, which is used for further verification of pollutant emissions in the soil. Specifically, the point can be randomly selected through a random number generation algorithm or a geographic information system (GIS) tool; soil enzyme activity refers to the activity level of enzymes related to the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling in the soil, which is an indicator of the health and ecological function of soil microorganisms. Pollutant emissions will affect the activity of soil enzymes; soil samples from the verification monitoring points are collected and the soil enzyme activity level is determined by laboratory enzyme activity detection methods (such as colorimetry and fluorescence methods); the preset activity range of soil enzymes is a reference range set according to the soil enzyme activity level under healthy soil conditions, which serves as a benchmark for evaluating soil pollution conditions and reflects the normal enzyme activity level of soil under unpolluted or slightly polluted conditions. The range is determined specifically based on historical data and experimental data, and usually refers to soil enzyme activity data in unpolluted areas, or through simulation experiments, soil enzyme activity changes are measured under different pollutant concentrations to determine its normal range.

[0039] Through further analysis of soil enzyme activity, it can be confirmed whether the identified biological anomalies are indeed caused by pollutant emissions to avoid misjudgment; combining biological indicators and soil enzyme activity for dual verification ensures that the monitoring results do not rely solely on a single indicator, thereby improving the credibility of the monitoring data; the design of randomly selecting verification monitoring points reduces the impact of human factors or the uniqueness of monitoring points on the results, ensuring the objectivity of the verification; soil enzyme activity is one of the key indicators of soil health, which directly reflects the biological activity in the soil and its response to pollution. This parameter can be used to more accurately judge the pollution situation.

[0040] Specifically, the pollutant emission level is determined based on the linear relationship between the monitored organisms and the pollutant emission in the soil, and then the specific analysis of generating the pollutant emission monitoring report based on the pollutant emission level is as follows: for the regional scope where there is abnormal pollutant emission in the soil, the monitored organism reproduction rate of each monitoring point in the regional scope is obtained, and then the average of the monitored organism reproduction rate of each monitoring point is taken as the monitored organism reproduction rate index of the regional scope, and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil corresponding to the monitored organism reproduction rate index of the regional scope is obtained based on the linear relationship between the monitored organism reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil. The expression for obtaining the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is: The pollutant emission concentration in the soil is compared with the upper and lower thresholds of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil. When the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is less than the lower threshold of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area is marked as the third level emission; when the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is less than the upper threshold of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, and greater than the lower threshold of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area is marked as the second level emission; when the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is greater than the upper threshold of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area is marked as the first level emission; a pollutant emission monitoring report is generated based on the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area, and the pollutant emission monitoring report includes the regional scope of pollutant emissions, the pollutant emission level in the soil, and the pollutant emission response strategies provided for each soil pollutant emission level.

[0041] In this implementation scheme, the mean value of the monitored biological reproduction rate represents the average value of the monitored biological reproduction rate of all monitoring points in a certain area, which is used as the overall indicator of the environmental impact of the area; in the pollutant emission level, the third-level emission represents slight pollution, the second-level emission represents moderate pollution, and the first-level emission represents severe pollution. The specific way to obtain the upper and lower thresholds of pollutant emission concentration in soil is: to set them by referring to the pollutant emission limit standards in soil issued by the environmental protection departments of various regions, or to determine the concentration range of a certain type of pollutant in a specific environment that may cause significant ecological or biological changes by statistically analyzing the soil monitoring data accumulated over a long period of time. The upper and lower thresholds are determined by the extreme values ​​of the data or certain specific percentiles in the distribution (such as the 95% percentile). For example, many years of monitoring data can be used to determine the normal background concentration range of a pollutant in a certain area, as well as the pollution situation exceeding the background value; the control variable experiment in the laboratory can also be used to simulate the impact of pollutants in soil of different concentrations on the ecosystem or specific biological population, and the critical value of the ecological impact of pollutants at different concentrations is determined according to the experimental results, thereby determining the upper and lower thresholds.

[0042] By monitoring the reproduction rate indicators of organisms, the pollutant emission concentration in the area can be accurately determined, and then the pollutant emission situation can be graded and labeled, avoiding the uncertainty caused by relying solely on experiments or perceptual judgments; based on different pollutant emission levels, pollutant emission monitoring reports are automatically generated, making the monitoring results more transparent and standardized, and convenient for decision makers to quickly understand the pollution situation and take countermeasures; according to the different levels of pollutant emissions, corresponding pollution control or governance plans are provided to ensure that appropriate measures can be taken at the right time to reduce environmental damage; it can not only be used for the current monitoring of pollutant emissions in organisms and soil, but can also be expanded to other biological indicators or different types of pollutant emission monitoring, and has strong adaptability; through clear upper and lower thresholds, the classification of pollutant emissions is more scientific, which can help management departments and relevant institutions to carry out more effective pollution management and environmental protection.

[0043] See also Figure 2 A soil pollutant emission monitoring system, using the above-mentioned soil pollutant emission monitoring method, includes: a monitoring point marking module, used to select monitoring points based on the regional layout of the monitoring area, marking three types of monitoring points, the three types of monitoring points include monitoring points near the urban area, monitoring points near the factory and control monitoring points; a monitoring organism determination module, used to mark the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms in the monitoring area, and use the sensitivity test results of the monitoring organisms to identify the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil; a monitoring organism anomaly identification module, used to obtain the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the three types of monitoring points in real time, based on the near The abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory are identified by the deviation of the biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the control monitoring points; the pollutant emission abnormality determination module is used to further determine whether there is pollutant emission abnormality through pollutant emission verification for the identified abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory; the pollutant emission level determination module is used to determine the pollutant emission level based on the linear relationship between the monitored organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil in order to determine the existence of pollutant emission abnormality, and then generate a pollutant emission monitoring report based on the pollutant emission level.

[0044] In summary, this application has at least the following effects:

[0045] By arranging three types of monitoring points in the monitoring area, the pollution source can be located more accurately. The setting of the control monitoring points provides a benchmark for the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory, so that any abnormal changes can be quickly identified; the sensitivity test results of the monitoring organisms are used to identify the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil. This method has high sensitivity and specificity. The biological indicators can reflect the environmental conditions in real time, which provides the possibility for timely detection of abnormal pollutant emissions; the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the three types of monitoring points are obtained in real time, and the abnormalities are identified based on the deviation of these indicators from the control monitoring points. This method greatly improves the monitoring efficiency. Compared with traditional chemical analysis, biological monitoring has a faster response speed and lower cost; for the identified abnormal conditions, the pollutant emission verification is used to determine whether there is an abnormal pollutant emission, and the pollutant emission level is determined based on the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil. It is not only scientific and rigorous, but also can quantify the degree of pollution, providing a basis for formulating effective governance measures; generating pollutant emission monitoring reports based on pollutant emission levels helps relevant departments and the public understand the environmental conditions and take timely measures to deal with pollution problems, which not only enhances public trust, but also promotes the continuous improvement of environmental protection work.

[0046] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods and systems. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0047] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and structure diagrams of the methods and systems according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and combination of modules in the flowcharts and structure diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts. Figure 1 process or processes and structures Figure 1 A device that specifies functionality in a module or modules.

[0048] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 process or processes and structures Figure 1A function specified in a module or multiple modules.

[0049] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 process or multiple processes and structures Figure 1 Steps to specify functionality in a module or multiple modules.

[0050] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0051] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select monitoring points based on the regional layout of the monitoring area, and mark three types of monitoring points, including monitoring points near the urban area, monitoring points near the factory, and control monitoring points; Based on the sensitivity test results of soil organisms in the monitoring area, the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area are marked, and the sensitivity test results of the monitoring organisms are used to identify the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil; The biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the three types of monitoring points are obtained in real time, and the abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory are identified based on the deviation of the biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory respectively with the biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the control monitoring points; Based on the abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms in the identified monitoring points near the urban area and the monitoring points near the factory, further pollutant emission verification is performed to determine whether there are abnormal pollutant emissions; In order to determine the existence of abnormal pollutant emissions, the pollutant emission level is determined based on the linear relationship between the pollutant emissions in the monitored organisms and the soil, and then a pollutant emission monitoring report is generated based on the pollutant emission level.

2. A method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring points are selected based on the regional layout of the monitoring area, and the specific analysis of the three types of monitoring points is marked as follows: Acquire the scope of the geographical area where the environment needs to be monitored, and then collect regional layout information within the geographical area, wherein the regional layout information includes land use type, industrial distribution and population distribution; The geographical area is further divided into areas according to the area layout information, and the specific areas are divided into areas near the urban area, areas near the factory, and areas outside the urban area and outside the factory; At least three monitoring points are evenly marked in the area near the urban area, the area near the factory, and the area outside the urban area and outside the factory, and the monitoring points are marked as monitoring points near the urban area, monitoring points near the factory, and control monitoring points, respectively.

3. A method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific analysis of using the sensitivity test results of the monitoring organisms to identify the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil is as follows: Identify the soil organisms in the monitoring area, and then select the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms; Acquiring soil pollution test information of monitoring biological sensitivity testing, wherein the soil pollution test information includes pollutant emission concentrations in the soil and monitoring biological reproduction rates corresponding to different pollutant emission concentrations in the soil; By identifying the pollutant emission concentrations in different soils and the corresponding monitoring organism reproduction rates, the linear relationship between the monitoring organism reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is obtained. Based on the linear relationship between the monitoring organism reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, the impact of pollutant emissions in the soil on the monitoring organisms is quantified.

4. A method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific analysis of selecting the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of soil organisms is as follows: Acquiring soil organism sensitivity test information, wherein the sensitivity test information includes soil pollution sensitivity information, air pollution sensitivity information, water pollution sensitivity information, and temperature sensitivity information; The soil pollution sensitive information is specifically the change in the concentration of pollutants in the soil when the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms under the control variable suddenly changes to a value that does not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; The air pollution sensitivity information is specifically the change in air pollutant concentration when the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms under the control variable suddenly changes to a value that does not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; The water pollution sensitivity information is specifically the change in water pollutant concentration when the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms under the control variable suddenly changes to a value that does not meet the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; The temperature sensitivity information is specifically the temperature change amount when the metabolic enzyme activity of soil organisms under the control variable suddenly changes to a value that does not conform to the preset activity range of the metabolic enzyme; Obtaining a soil sensitive response value of the soil organisms through the sensitivity test information of the soil organisms, wherein the soil sensitive response value is used to quantify the sensitivity of the soil organisms to changes in the soil environment; The soil sensitive response values ​​of various soil organisms in the monitoring area are compared, and the soil organism with the largest soil sensitive response value is selected and marked as the monitoring organism in the monitoring area.

5. The method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific analysis of identifying the abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms at the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory based on the deviation conditions of the biological indicators of the monitored organisms at the control monitoring points respectively is as follows: The biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the three types of monitoring points specifically include the monitoring organism reproduction rate at the monitoring point near the urban area, the monitoring organism reproduction rate at the monitoring point near the factory and the monitoring organism reproduction rate at the control monitoring point; The mean values ​​of biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the three types of monitoring points were taken as the reference values ​​of biological indicators of the three types of monitoring points; Take the difference between the reference value of biological indicators at the monitoring point near the urban area and the reference value of biological indicators at the control monitoring point, as well as the difference between the reference value of biological indicators at the monitoring point near the factory and the reference value of biological indicators at the control monitoring point as the deviation values ​​of biological indicators at the monitoring point near the urban area, the monitoring point near the factory and the biological indicators of the monitored organisms at the control monitoring point respectively; The deviation values ​​of the biological indicators of the monitoring points near the urban area and the monitoring points near the factory and the biological indicators of the monitored organisms in the control monitoring points are compared with the biological indicator deviation threshold. When the deviation value is greater than the deviation threshold, it is marked that the monitored organisms in the area are abnormal.

6. A method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific analysis of the abnormal conditions of the monitored organisms in the identified monitoring points near the urban area and the monitoring points near the factory to further determine whether there is abnormal pollutant emission is performed through pollutant emission verification is as follows: A verification monitoring point is determined by random selection from monitoring points within the area where abnormal conditions of monitoring organisms are identified; Acquiring soil data of the verification monitoring point, wherein the soil data specifically includes soil enzyme activity; The soil enzyme activity at the verification monitoring point is compared with the preset activity range of the soil enzyme. When the soil enzyme activity at the verification monitoring point does not fall within the preset activity range of the soil enzyme, it is determined that there is abnormal pollutant emission in the soil in this area.

7. A method for monitoring pollutant emissions in soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific analysis of determining the pollutant emission level based on the linear relationship between the pollutant emission in the monitored organisms and the soil and then generating the pollutant emission monitoring report based on the pollutant emission level is as follows: For the area where there is abnormal emission of pollutants from the soil, the monitoring biological reproduction rate of each monitoring point in the area is obtained, and then the average of the monitoring biological reproduction rate of each monitoring point is taken as the monitoring biological reproduction rate index of the area, and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil corresponding to the monitoring biological reproduction rate index of the area is obtained based on the linear relationship between the monitoring biological reproduction rate and the pollutant emission concentration in the soil; The pollutant emission concentration in the soil is compared with the upper and lower thresholds of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil. When the pollutant emission concentration in the soil is less than the lower threshold of the pollutant emission concentration in the soil, the pollutant emission level in the soil of the area is marked as level 3 emission; When the concentration of pollutants in the soil is less than the upper threshold of the concentration of pollutants in the soil, and greater than the lower threshold of the concentration of pollutants in the soil, the soil pollutant emission level of the area is marked as secondary emission; When the concentration of pollutants in the soil is greater than the upper threshold of the concentration of pollutants in the soil, the soil pollutant emission level of the area is marked as primary emission; A pollutant emission monitoring report is generated based on the pollutant emission level in the soil of the regional scope, wherein the pollutant emission monitoring report includes the regional scope of pollutant emissions, the pollutant emission level in the soil, and the pollutant emission response strategy provided for each pollutant emission level in the soil.

8. A soil pollutant emission monitoring system, using a soil pollutant emission monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: A monitoring point marking module is used to select monitoring points based on the regional layout of the monitoring area and mark three types of monitoring points, including monitoring points near the urban area, monitoring points near the factory and control monitoring points; A monitoring organism determination module is used to mark the monitoring organisms in the monitoring area based on the sensitivity test results of the soil organisms in the monitoring area, and to identify the linear relationship between the monitoring organisms and the pollutant emissions in the soil using the sensitivity test results of the monitoring organisms; The monitoring organism abnormality identification module is used to obtain the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the three types of monitoring points in real time, and identify the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the monitoring points near the urban area and near the factory based on the deviation of the biological indicators of the monitoring organisms in the control monitoring points. A pollutant emission abnormality determination module is used to further determine whether there is a pollutant emission abnormality by verifying the abnormal conditions of the monitoring organisms in the identified near-urban monitoring points and near-factory monitoring points; The pollutant emission level determination module is used to determine the presence of abnormal pollutant emissions, determine the pollutant emission level based on the linear relationship between the pollutant emissions in the monitored organisms and the soil, and then generate a pollutant emission monitoring report based on the pollutant emission level.

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