Cuttage seedling raising method for longfruit ginseng

Abstract

The invention provides a cutting seedling raising method for longfruit ginseng, and relates to the technical field of longfruit ginseng seedling raising. The method mainly comprises the following steps: preparing a soaking solution mixed by 6-BA, NAA, salicylic acid, ethyl isothiocyanate and potassium citrate to soak cutting branches; setting a cutting medium compounded by a coffee fruit shell fermentation material, garden soil, vermiculite and an organic fertilizer, and spraying the eustoma grandiflorum extracting solution after the crabapple ginseng is cut. According to the method, the defects in the prior art are overcome, the survival rate of the crabapple in the early cutting stage is effectively increased, growth of the crabapple after cutting is promoted, the seedling rate of crabapple seedling culture is comprehensively increased, and large-scale crabapple seedling culture is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of red ginseng seedling cultivation, and in particular to a red ginseng cutting seedling cultivation method. Background Art

[0003] At present, the main method of planting red fruit ginseng is to plant red fruit ginseng seedlings, and red fruit ginseng seedlings are mainly grown by seed seedlings, tissue culture seedlings and cutting seedlings. Among them, seed seedlings take a relatively long time, and the cost of tissue culture seedlings is relatively high. Ordinary farmers cannot carry out this type of seedling treatment. Although the existing red fruit ginseng cutting seedlings have a low cost, the overall cutting survival rate is also very low, and the overall growth condition of the branches after survival is also poor. It usually takes 3-5 months to reach the standard of transplanting seedlings. The overall cultivation is relatively cumbersome, and it is difficult to produce seedlings on a large scale. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for raising seedlings of red fruit ginseng by cuttings, which effectively improves the survival rate of red fruit ginseng in the early stage of cuttings, promotes the growth of red fruit ginseng after cuttings, comprehensively improves the seedling rate of red fruit ginseng seedlings, and realizes large-scale red fruit ginseng seedlings.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for raising seedlings by cuttings of red ginseng, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Prepare the soaking solution according to the following formula: 6-BA 20-40 mg / L, NAA 12-18 mg / L, salicylic acid 15-30 μL / L, ethyl isothiocyanate 20-30 mg / L, potassium citrate 40-60 mg / L, and the rest is clean water;

[0008] S2. Prepare the cutting medium according to the following weight parts: 10-15 parts of coffee husk fermentation material, 6-10 parts of garden soil, 4-8 parts of vermiculite, and 10-15 parts of organic fertilizer;

[0009] S3, red ginseng branch processing: select red ginseng branches for pruning, retain two stalks and control the length to 8-12cm, and obtain cutting branches for standby use;

[0010] S4, pretreatment of cuttings: soak the cuttings in a soaking solution at room temperature for 20-30 minutes, then take them out and place them naturally for 2-8 hours, and prepare the pretreated cuttings for use;

[0011] S5. Cutting treatment: Cut the pretreated cuttings into the cutting medium, and use the Eustoma grandiflorum extract to irrigate the medium thoroughly, and then water it with clean water in time to keep the moisture content of the medium at 60%-70%.

[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing the coffee husk fermentation material in step S2 comprises the following steps:

[0013] S2-1, rinse the coffee husk with clean water, then mix with 2-3 times the volume of clean water, stir, add pectinase and cellulase, stir and enzymolyze for 40-60 minutes, and obtain pretreated coffee husk for use;

[0014] S2-2, adding lactic acid bacteria and yeast to the pretreated coffee husks, fermenting for 3-5 hours, and obtaining a preliminary fermented material for later use;

[0015] S2-3, drying the preliminary fermented material at 35-40°C to a moisture content of ≤12%, steaming it for 30-40 minutes, and then microwave drying it to obtain a coffee husk fermented material.

[0016] Preferably, the amount of pectinase and cellulase added in step S2-1 is 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of the coffee husk.

[0017] Preferably, the viable count of lactic acid bacteria and yeast in step S2-2 is 10 10 -10 11 / g, and the added amount of lactic acid bacteria is 0.2%-0.4% of the total mass of the coffee husk, and the added amount of yeast is 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of the coffee husk.

[0018] Preferably, the steaming temperature in step S2-3 is 110-120°C, and the microwave drying temperature is 100°C, and the drying is performed to a water content of ≤8%.

[0019] Preferably, when pruning in step S3, the branches are cut 2-3 cm above the upper node and 4-5 cm below the lower node, and the excess leaves at the lower end are cut off, and 1-3 leaflets are retained at the upper end. If the leaves are too large, 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the leaves are retained.

[0020] Preferably, in step S5, before the branches are cut, the cutting medium is sprayed with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and then covered with film for fumigation for 3-5 days, and then the film is removed and exposed to the sun for 1-2 days before cutting, and the cutting is carried out at 9-12 o'clock at night.

[0021] Preferably, in step S5, the eustoma extract is prepared by washing fresh eustoma, sterilizing it with ultraviolet light, adding 5-10 times of clean water, grinding it into a slurry, and then squeezing and filtering the filtrate to obtain the eustoma extract.

[0022] Preferably, a sunshade net is provided during the cutting in S5 to control the shading rate to be 60%-80%.

[0023] The present invention provides a method for raising seedlings of red ginseng by cuttings, which has the advantages over the prior art in that:

[0024] The invention soaks the pruned red ginseng branches in an auxin-mixed salicylic acid, ethyl isothiocyanate and potassium citrate for a short period of time, thereby effectively improving the growth activity of the branches, promoting the survival rate of subsequent cuttings, and further preventing the branches from being corrupted and discolored after cuttings; at the same time, coffee husk fermentation material, garden soil, vermiculite and organic fertilizer are used as cutting media, thereby further promoting the survival rate of cuttings and shortening the time for red ginseng seedling cultivation, thereby providing a good foundation for large-scale red ginseng seedling cultivation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of pruning and soaking red ginseng branches in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cupping of cutting substrate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting of red ginseng in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the day after the cutting of red ginseng in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the survival of experimental group 8 (left) and experimental group 1 (right) in the embodiment of the present invention after 7 days of cutting;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of red ginseng after 45 days of cutting in experimental group 1 and experimental groups 3-8 in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the growth conditions of experimental groups 1, 3, 7, and 8 after 60 days of cutting in the embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The lactic acid bacteria used in the following examples were purchased from Shandong Xinzhuoyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the viable count was 10 10 Yeast was purchased from Xi'an Xinlu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a viable count of 2×10 10 Pieces / g, item number is 0408-14.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] 1. Refer to Table 1 below to set different soaking solutions:

[0036] Table 1

[0037]

[0038] 2. Preparation of coffee husk material:

[0039] 2.1. Coffee husk material A:

[0040] (1) Rinse the coffee husks with clean water, mix with 2 times the volume of clean water, stir, add 0.1% of the total weight of the coffee husks pectinase and cellulase, stir and enzymolyze for 60 minutes, and obtain pretreated coffee husks for later use;

[0041] (2) adding 0.2% of the total mass of the coffee husks to the pretreated coffee husks with lactic acid bacteria and 0.1% of the total mass of the coffee husks to yeast, and fermenting for 5 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for later use;

[0042] (3) The preliminary fermented material is dried at 35° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, then steamed at 110° C. for 40 min, and then microwave-dried at 100° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, thereby obtaining coffee husk material A.

[0043] 2.2. Coffee husk material B:

[0044] (1) Rinse the coffee husk with clean water, mix with 3 times the volume of clean water, stir, add 0.2% of the total weight of the coffee husk pectinase and cellulase, stir and enzymolyze for 40 minutes, and obtain pretreated coffee husk for use;

[0045] (2) adding 0.4% of the total mass of the coffee husks to the pretreated coffee husks with lactic acid bacteria and 0.2% of the total mass of the coffee husks with yeast, and fermenting for 3 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for later use;

[0046] (3) The preliminary fermented material is dried at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, then steamed at 120° C. for 30 min, and then microwave-dried at 100° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, thereby obtaining coffee husk material B.

[0047] 2.3. Coffee husk material C:

[0048] (1) Rinse the coffee husks with clean water, mix with 2 times the volume of clean water, stir, add 0.1% of the total weight of the coffee husks pectinase and cellulase, stir and enzymolyze for 60 minutes, and obtain pretreated coffee husks for later use;

[0049] (2) The pretreated coffee husks are dried at 35° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, then steamed at 110° C. for 40 min, and then microwave dried at 100° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, thereby obtaining coffee husk material C.

[0050] 2.4. Coffee husk material D:

[0051] (1) Rinse the coffee husks with clean water, mix with 2 times the volume of clean water, stir, add 0.1% of the total weight of the coffee husks pectinase and cellulase, stir and enzymolyze for 60 minutes, and obtain pretreated coffee husks for later use;

[0052] (2) adding 0.2% of the total mass of the coffee husks to the pretreated coffee husks with lactic acid bacteria and 0.1% of the total mass of the coffee husks to yeast, and fermenting for 5 hours to obtain a preliminary fermentation material for later use;

[0053] (3) drying the preliminary fermented material at 35° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then drying it by microwave at 100° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, thereby obtaining coffee husk material D.

[0054] 3. Preparation of cutting medium:

[0055] Refer to the following table 2 mass parts of materials to prepare different groups of cutting substrates (wherein the organic fertilizer is fermented sheep manure fertilizer):

[0056] Table 2

[0057] Cutting medium Formula (weight parts) Cutting medium 1 Coffee husk material A 10 parts + garden soil 6 parts + vermiculite 4 parts + organic fertilizer 10 parts Cutting medium 2 Coffee husk material B 15 parts + garden soil 10 parts + vermiculite 8 parts + organic fertilizer 15 parts Cutting medium 3 Coffee husk material C 10 parts + garden soil 6 parts + vermiculite 4 parts + organic fertilizer 10 parts Cutting medium 4 Coffee husk material D10 parts + garden soil 6 parts + vermiculite 4 parts + organic fertilizer 10 parts Cutting medium 5 6 parts of garden soil + 4 parts of vermiculite + 10 parts of organic fertilizer

[0058] 4. Preparation of Eustoma grandiflorum extract:

[0059] Wash the fresh lisianthus, sterilize it with ultraviolet light, add 8 times the amount of clean water, grind it into pulp, and then squeeze and filter the filtrate to obtain the lisianthus extract.

[0060] Embodiment 2:

[0061] Red ginseng cuttings and seedlings:

[0062] (1) Select the red ginseng branches of the current year for pruning, retain two node stalks, cut off 2-3 cm above the upper node stalk, and cut off 4-5 cm below the lower node stalk when pruning, control the total length to 10-12 cm, and cut off the excess leaves at the lower end, retain 1-3 leaflets at the upper end, and retain 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the leaves if the leaves are too large, and obtain cutting branches for standby use;

[0063] (2) Soak the cuttings in the soaking solution at room temperature for 25±5 minutes, then take them out and place them naturally for 1-2 hours to obtain the pretreated cuttings for use;

[0064] (3) Spray the cutting medium with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, cover it with film and fumigate for 4 days, then remove the film and expose it to the sun for 2 days before placing it in a seedling cup made of non-woven fabric. The depth of the cutting medium in the cup should be controlled at 12-15 cm.

[0065] (4) Build a sunshade and control the shading rate to 70%. Then insert the cuttings into the substrate of the seedling cup at 9-12 o'clock at night, keeping the upper node stalk more than 2 cm above the substrate. Then water it thoroughly with nutrient solution, and then water it with clean water in time to keep the moisture content of the substrate at 60%-70%.

[0066] Test and detection:

[0067] Referring to the cutting seedling method of Example 2 above, 8 cutting experimental groups were set up, each with 200 cutting branches, and the cutting experiment was carried out in Matang Town, Yunnan County on March 28, 2024, and the conditions for each cutting were as shown in Table 3:

[0068] Table 3

[0069] Group Soaking liquid Cutting medium Nutrient solution Experimental Group 1 Soaking liquid A Cutting medium 1 Eustoma grandiflorum extract Experimental Group 2 Soaking liquid B Cutting medium 2 Eustoma grandiflorum extract Experimental Group 3 Soaking liquid C Cutting medium 1 Eustoma grandiflorum extract Experimental Group 4 Soaking liquid A Cutting medium 3 Eustoma grandiflorum extract Experimental Group 5 Soaking liquid A Cutting medium 4 Eustoma grandiflorum extract Experimental Group 6 Soaking liquid A Cutting medium 5 Eustoma grandiflorum extract Experimental Group 7 Soaking liquid A Cutting medium 1 Shimizu Experimental Group 8 Soaking liquid C Cutting medium 5 Shimizu

[0070] The survival rates of the cuttings of each group at 7d, 30d, and 60d were tested. The specific results are shown in Table 5 below:

[0071] Table 5

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] It can be seen from the above table that the red fruit ginseng cuttings of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 had a higher survival rate within 60 days.

[0075] The height of the red ginseng after cutting reached more than 15 cm, and the seedlings were considered mature. The seedlings of each experimental group were recorded at 45 days, 60 days, and 90 days after cutting (seedlings rate = total number of seedlings / total number of surviving seedlings). The specific results are shown in Table 6 below:

[0076] Table 6

[0077]

[0078] It can be seen from Table 6 above that experimental groups 1 and 2 can effectively promote the seedling formation of red fruit ginseng in a short period of time after cuttings and shorten the cycle of cutting seedlings.

[0079] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings of red ginseng by cuttings, characterized in that: The cutting seedling raising method comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare the soaking solution according to the following formula: 6-BA 20-40 mg / L, NAA 12-18 mg / L, salicylic acid 15-30 μL / L, ethyl isothiocyanate 20-30 mg / L, potassium citrate 40-60 mg / L, and the rest is clean water; S2. Prepare the cutting medium according to the following weight parts: 10-15 parts of coffee husk fermentation material, 6-10 parts of garden soil, 4-8 parts of vermiculite, and 10-15 parts of organic fertilizer; S3, red ginseng branch processing: select red ginseng branches for pruning, retain two stalks and control the length to 8-12cm, and obtain cutting branches for standby use; S4, pretreatment of cuttings: soak the cuttings in a soaking solution at room temperature for 20-30 minutes, then take them out and place them naturally for 1-2 hours, and then prepare the pretreated cuttings for use; S5. Cutting treatment: Cut the pretreated cuttings into the cutting medium, and use the Eustoma grandiflorum extract to irrigate the medium thoroughly, and then water it with clean water in time to keep the moisture content of the medium at 60%-70%.

2. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the coffee husk fermented material in step S2 comprises the following steps: S2-1, rinse the coffee husk with clean water, then mix with 2-3 times the volume of clean water, stir, add pectinase and cellulase, stir and enzymolyze for 40-60 minutes, and obtain pretreated coffee husk for use; S2-2, adding lactic acid bacteria and yeast to the pretreated coffee husks, fermenting for 3-5 hours, and obtaining a preliminary fermented material for later use; S2-3, drying the preliminary fermented material at 35-40°C to a moisture content of ≤12%, steaming it for 30-40 minutes, and then microwave drying it to obtain a coffee husk fermented material.

3. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S2-1, the amount of pectinase and cellulase added is 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of the coffee husk.

4. The cutting seedling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the number of viable lactic acid bacteria and yeast in step S2-2 is 10 10 -10 11 / g, and the added amount of lactic acid bacteria is 0.2%-0.4% of the total mass of the coffee husk, and the added amount of yeast is 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of the coffee husk.

5. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 2, characterized in that: the steaming temperature in step S2-3 is 110-120°C, and the microwave drying temperature is 100°C, and the seeds are dried to a moisture content of ≤8%.

6. The cutting seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when pruning in step S3, the branches are cut 2-3 cm above the upper node stalk and 4-5 cm below the lower node stalk, and the excess leaves at the lower end are cut off, and 1-3 leaflets are retained at the upper end. If the leaves are too large, 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the leaves are retained.

7. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 1, wherein the cutting substrate is sprayed with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and then covered with a film for fumigation for 3-5 days before branch cuttings are carried out, and then the cutting substrate is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days after the film is removed, and the cutting time is between 9 and 12 o'clock at night.

8. The cutting seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, the eustoma extract is prepared by washing fresh eustoma, sterilizing it with ultraviolet light, adding 5-10 times of clean water, grinding it into a slurry, and then squeezing and filtering the filtrate to obtain the eustoma extract.

9. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sunshade net is set during the cuttings in S5, and the shading rate is controlled to be 60%-80%.

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