Tunneling equipment supporting structure and open caisson excavation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of open caisson construction, and discloses a tunneling equipment supporting structure and an open caisson excavation method. The tunneling equipment supporting structure comprises an annular beam, a plurality of connecting beams, a connecting assembly and a driving assembly, the annular beam is located on an inner ring of a well wall ring on the bottommost layer, the connecting beams are arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular beam at intervals, one end of each connecting beam is connected with the well wall ring on the bottommost layer, and the other end of each connecting beam is connected with the annular beam; the connecting assembly is movably mounted on the annular beam in the circumferential direction of the annular beam, and the tunneling equipment can be fixed to the connecting assembly; the driving assembly is in transmission connection with the connecting assembly and used for driving the connecting assembly to drive the tunneling equipment to move in the circumferential direction of the annular beam. The supporting structure of the tunneling equipment is used for supporting the tunneling equipment to excavate the open caisson, so that the bottom sealing structure of the open caisson can be used as the supporting structure of the tunneling equipment, the construction cost is saved, the tunneling equipment can move on the bottom sealing structure of the open caisson, and the size of the open caisson which can be excavated by single tunneling equipment is enlarged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of caisson construction, and in particular to a supporting structure of excavation equipment and a caisson excavation method. Background Art

[0002] Excavation equipment is a special mechanical equipment that integrates excavation, support, slag discharge, shaft wall assembly, slag soil separation and other functions. It can realize unmanned operation underground and is mostly used for caisson excavation. Existing excavation equipment is mostly connected to the shaft wall of the caisson through a special support structure, and the entire main machine is suspended in the caisson using settlement equipment such as a stranding cylinder.

[0003] Due to the limitation of the supporting structure, the main body of the tunneling equipment cannot move horizontally in the caisson, and thus the tunneling equipment can only excavate the soil within a range with its main body as the center and the length of the tunneling arm as the radius. That is, the construction range of a single tunneling equipment is small, and the use range of a single tunneling equipment is limited; moreover, when excavating a caisson of larger size, multiple tunneling equipment are required for excavation, which increases the difficulty and cost of caisson construction.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tunneling equipment support structure and a caisson excavation method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a supporting structure for tunneling equipment and a caisson excavation method, wherein the bottom sealing structure of the caisson can be used as a supporting structure for the tunneling equipment, thereby saving construction costs, and the tunneling equipment can move on the bottom sealing structure of the caisson, thereby expanding the size of the caisson that can be excavated by a single tunneling equipment.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, a tunneling equipment support structure is provided, which is used to support the tunneling equipment in a caisson, wherein the wall of the caisson is composed of a plurality of vertically connected wall rings, and the tunneling equipment support structure comprises:

[0008] An annular beam and a plurality of connecting beams, wherein the annular beam is located in an inner ring of the bottom well wall ring, and the plurality of connecting beams are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the annular beam, one end of the connecting beam is connected to the bottom well wall ring, and the other end is connected to the annular beam;

[0009] A connecting assembly is movably mounted on the annular beam along the circumference of the annular beam, and the excavation equipment can be fixed to the connecting assembly;

[0010] The driving assembly is transmission-connected with the connecting assembly and is used to drive the connecting assembly to drive the excavation equipment to move along the circumference of the annular beam.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting assembly includes a first guide wheel, the top surface of the annular beam is provided with a first embedded plate extending along its circumference, and the first guide wheel and the first embedded plate are in rolling cooperation.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting assembly also includes a connecting frame, the main body of the excavation equipment is fixedly connected to the connecting frame, a mounting groove is recessed at the bottom of the connecting frame, the first guide wheel is rollingly set on the bottom wall of the mounting groove, and the top of the annular beam extends into the mounting groove.

[0013] Optionally, second embedded plates are provided on the inner and outer walls of the annular beam, and second guide wheels are provided on both side groove walls of the mounting groove along the width direction of the annular beam, and the second guide wheels are rollingly matched with the corresponding second embedded plates.

[0014] Optionally, a guide slope is provided between the side wall and the top surface of the annular beam, and the second guide wheel can slide to the second embedded plate via the guide slope.

[0015] Optionally, the tunneling equipment support structure further includes an anchor bolt anchored in the annular beam, and the anchor bolt is fixedly connected to a side of the first embedded plate facing away from the first guide wheel.

[0016] Optionally, the connecting assembly further includes a bearing and a first wheel axle extending along the width direction of the annular beam, the first wheel axle passes through the first guide wheel, and is connected to the first guide wheel via the bearing.

[0017] Optionally, the driving assembly includes a driving member, a gear and a rack. The rack is arranged on the inner wall of the annular beam and extends along the circumference of the annular beam. The gear is rotatably arranged on the connecting assembly and meshes with the rack. The output end of the driving member is connected to the gear. The driving member drives the connecting assembly to move along the circumference of the annular beam through the transmission action of the gear and the rack.

[0018] On the other hand, a caisson excavation method is provided, which uses the above-mentioned excavation equipment support structure to support the excavation equipment to excavate the caisson, and the caisson excavation method includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Cast the connecting beam and the annular beam in the inner ring of the bottom well wall ring;

[0020] S2. Connect the connection assembly and the excavation equipment, and install the connection assembly on the ring beam;

[0021] S3, controlling the excavation equipment to excavate the soil at the bottom of the bottom shaft wall ring, and controlling the driving assembly to drive the connecting assembly to drive the excavation equipment to move along the circumferential direction of the annular beam;

[0022] S4, after the excavation equipment has excavated the soil of a preset thickness, the excavation equipment is controlled to stop excavation, and the bottom shaft wall ring is sunk down to a preset thickness, and a new shaft wall ring is assembled on top of the top shaft wall ring;

[0023] S5, repeating steps S3 and S4 until the bottom wall ring is sunk to a preset position. At the preset position, the distance between the bottom of the bottom wall ring and the ground is the depth of the caisson.

[0024] Optionally, a first embedded plate extending along the circumference of the annular beam is provided on the top surface thereof, and a second embedded plate is provided on both the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the annular beam. Step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] S11, installing the templates of the connecting beam and the annular beam on the inner ring of the bottom shaft ring, tying the steel bars of the connecting beam and the annular beam, and connecting the steel bars of the connecting beam with the steel bars of the bottom shaft ring;

[0026] S12, connecting the first embedded plate and the second embedded plate to the steel bars of the ring beam;

[0027] S13. Pour concrete into the formwork of the connecting beam and the ring beam.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention provides a supporting structure for tunneling equipment and a method for excavating a caisson. The annular beam is located at the inner ring of the bottom wall ring and is connected to the bottom wall ring through a connecting beam, so that the inner ring of the bottom wall ring is divided into two parts: the inner ring of the annular beam and the outer ring of the annular beam. Moreover, the annular beam and the connecting beam are connected to the bottom wall ring, which can not only significantly enhance the structural strength of the bottom wall ring, but also disperse and transfer the load at the bottom of the caisson to the surrounding foundation, thereby enhancing the integrity and stability of the bottom of the caisson. At this time, the annular beam and the connecting beam can be used as the bottom sealing structure of the caisson, so that the caisson does not need to have a separate bottom sealing structure, thereby saving construction costs. The annular beam is an annular structure, and the inner ring of the annular beam has no other structure, so it will not affect the swing of the tunneling arm of the tunneling equipment, and it is convenient for the tunneling equipment to excavate the soil. The tunneling equipment can be installed on the annular beam through the connecting assembly, and the driving assembly can drive the connecting assembly to move along the circumference of the annular beam, thereby driving the tunneling equipment to move along the circumference of the annular beam. Even if the size of the caisson is large, the tunneling equipment can excavate the soil at any position along the circumference of the annular beam by moving, and the tunneling equipment located on the annular beam can excavate the soil of the inner ring of the annular beam, as well as the soil of the outer ring of the annular beam. That is, the range of soil that can be excavated by a single tunneling equipment is no longer limited by the length of its tunneling arm, which expands the range of soil that can be excavated by the tunneling equipment and is suitable for the excavation of larger caissons. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the tunneling equipment support structure and the bottom-level well wall ring provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 When the tunneling equipment support structure provided by the present invention supports a single-arm tunneling machine Figure 1 AA section view in;

[0032] Figure 3 When the tunneling equipment support structure provided by the present invention supports the double-arm tunneling machine Figure 1 AA section view in;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a plan view of the first embedded plate, the second embedded plate and the rack of the tunneling equipment support structure provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a plan view of a connection assembly of a tunneling equipment support structure provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 CC profile of ;

[0037] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the annular beam of the tunneling equipment support structure provided by the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the first guide wheel of the tunneling equipment support structure provided by the present invention when it is deflected;

[0039] Fig.10 The process of the caisson excavation method provided by the present invention is Figure 1 ;

[0040] Fig.11 The process of the caisson excavation method provided by the present invention is Figure 2 .

[0041] In the figure:

[0042] 100, shaft ring; 200, tunneling equipment; 201, tunneling arm;

[0043] 1. Annular beam; 11. Guide slope;

[0044] 2. Connecting beam;

[0045] 3. Connecting assembly; 31. First guide wheel; 32. Connecting frame; 321. Mounting slot; 322. First wheel frame; 323. Second wheel frame; 324. Second wheel axle; 33. Second guide wheel;

[0046] 4. driving assembly; 41. driving member; 42. gear; 43. rack;

[0047] 5. The first embedded plate; 51. The first curved plate;

[0048] 6. The second embedded plate; 61. The second curved plate;

[0049] 7. Anchors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0053] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, this embodiment provides a tunneling equipment support structure for supporting the tunneling equipment 200 in a caisson. The bottom structure of the caisson can be used as a support structure for the tunneling equipment 200, saving construction costs. Moreover, the tunneling equipment 200 can move on the bottom structure of the caisson, expanding the size of the caisson that can be excavated by a single tunneling equipment 200.

[0056] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The wall of the caisson is composed of multiple vertically connected wall rings 100. The tunneling equipment support structure includes an annular beam 1, multiple connecting beams 2, a connecting assembly 3 and a driving assembly 4. The annular beam 1 is located in the inner ring of the bottom wall ring 100. Multiple connecting beams 2 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the annular beam 1. One end of the connecting beam 2 is connected to the bottom wall ring 100, and the other end is connected to the annular beam 1; the connecting assembly 3 is movably installed on the annular beam 1 along the circumference of the annular beam 1, and the tunneling equipment 200 can be fixed to the connecting assembly 3; the driving assembly 4 is transmission-connected to the connecting assembly 3, and is used to drive the connecting assembly 3 to drive the tunneling equipment 200 to move along the circumference of the annular beam 1.

[0057] The tunneling equipment support structure provided in this embodiment has an annular beam 1 located at the inner ring of the bottom wall ring 100 and connected to the bottom wall ring 100 through a connecting beam 2, so that the inner ring of the bottom wall ring 100 is divided into two parts: the inner ring of the annular beam 1 and the outer ring of the annular beam 1; moreover, the annular beam 1 and the connecting beam 2 are connected to the bottom wall ring 100, which can not only significantly enhance the structural strength of the bottom wall ring 100, but also disperse and transfer the load at the bottom of the caisson to the surrounding foundation, thereby enhancing the integrity and stability of the bottom of the caisson. At this time, the annular beam 1 and the connecting beam 2 can be used as the bottom sealing structure of the caisson, so that the caisson does not need to have a separate bottom sealing structure, thereby saving construction costs. The annular beam 1 is an annular structure, and the inner ring of the annular beam 1 has no other structure, so it will not affect the swing of the tunneling arm 201 of the tunneling equipment 200, which is convenient for the tunneling equipment 200 to dig the soil. The tunneling equipment 200 can be installed on the annular beam 1 through the connecting component 3, and the driving component 4 can drive the connecting component 3 to move along the circumference of the annular beam 1, thereby driving the tunneling equipment 200 to move along the circumference of the annular beam 1. Even if the size of the caisson is large, the tunneling equipment 200 can excavate the soil at any position along the circumference of the annular beam 1 by moving, and the tunneling equipment 200 located on the annular beam 1 can excavate the soil of the inner ring of the annular beam 1, and can also excavate the soil of the outer ring of the annular beam 1. That is, the range of soil that can be excavated by a single tunneling equipment 200 is no longer limited by the length of its tunneling arm 201, which expands the range of soil that can be excavated by the tunneling equipment 200 and can be suitable for the excavation of larger caissons.

[0058] In this embodiment, the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 are integrally formed with the bottom-layer shaft wall ring 100, that is, the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 are cast while the bottom-layer shaft wall ring 100 is cast. This can ensure the continuity of the bottom structure of the caisson, avoid the potential impact of the joints between different components on the overall stability of the bottom of the caisson, make the force on the bottom of the caisson more uniform and stable, and better resist various external forces from the surrounding environment.

[0059] For example, see Figure 1 There are four connecting beams 2, and the angle between any two adjacent connecting beams 2 is 90 degrees. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The excavation equipment 200 of this embodiment can use either a single-arm excavator or a double-arm excavator. Using a double-arm excavator can significantly improve the excavation efficiency.

[0060] Optionally, see Figure 2 and 4 The connection assembly 3 includes a first guide wheel 31. The top surface of the annular beam 1 is provided with a first embedded plate 5 extending along its circumference. The first guide wheel 31 rolls with the first embedded plate 5. When the driving assembly 4 drives the connection assembly 3 to move along the circumference of the annular beam 1, the first guide wheel 31 can roll on the first embedded plate 5, which makes it easier for the connection assembly 3 to drive the excavation equipment 200 to move. In addition, the first embedded plate 5 can increase the contact area between the first guide wheel 31 and the annular beam 1, preventing the annular beam 1 from being damaged due to excessive local force.

[0061] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 The first embedded plate 5 includes a plurality of first arc-shaped plates 51, which are continuously arranged along the circumference of the annular beam 1, and the plurality of first arc-shaped plates 51 form a continuous plane on the top surface of the annular beam 1 for the first guide wheel 31 to move.

[0062] Exemplarily, the first embedded plate 5 includes twelve first arc-shaped plates 51 , and the first arc-shaped plates 51 are all made of steel, have high rigidity and are not easily damaged, and the thickness of the first embedded plate 5 is not less than 20 mm.

[0063] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , there are multiple first guide wheels 31, so that the top of the annular beam 1 is more evenly stressed, thus preventing damage to the annular beam 1 and improving the stability of the movement of the connecting assembly 3. Exemplarily, there are six first guide wheels 31, along the width direction of the connecting assembly 3 ( Figure 6 The two first guide wheels 31 of each group are arranged along the width direction (X direction) of the annular beam 1. Figure 6 The two electrodes are arranged in a spaced apart manner in the Y direction.

[0064] Optionally, see Figure 4 and Figure 6 The connection assembly 3 further includes a connection frame 32. The main machine of the excavation equipment 200 is fixedly connected to the connection frame 32. A mounting groove 321 is concavely provided at the bottom of the connection frame 32. The first guide wheel 31 is rollably arranged on the bottom wall of the mounting groove 321. The top of the annular beam 1 extends into the mounting groove 321. That is, the connection frame 32 covers the top of the annular beam 1. The two side groove walls of the mounting groove 321 along the width direction of the annular beam 1 can be parallel to the side walls of the annular beam 1. In the process of the movement of the connection frame 32, the side walls of the annular beam 1 can limit the moving direction of the connection frame 32 through the side groove walls of the mounting groove 321, and can also prevent the connection frame 32 from falling off the annular beam 1.

[0065] For example, see Figure 4 The connecting frame 32 is a U-shaped structure and is inverted on the annular beam 1.

[0066] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 The top surface of the annular beam 1 is higher than the top surface of the connecting beam 2 , so that during the movement of the connecting frame 32 , the top surface of the connecting beam 2 can be lower than the bottom of the connecting frame 32 , and the connecting beam 2 will not affect the movement of the connecting frame 32 .

[0067] Optionally, see Figure 4 The inner and outer walls of the annular beam 1 are both provided with second embedded plates 6, and the two side groove walls of the mounting groove 321 along the width direction of the annular beam 1 are both provided with second guide wheels 33, and the second guide wheels 33 are in rolling cooperation with the corresponding second embedded plates 6. When the driving assembly 4 drives the connecting assembly 3 to move along the circumferential direction of the annular beam 1, the second guide wheels 33 can roll on the second embedded plates 6, which is convenient for the connecting assembly 3 to drive the excavation equipment 200 to move, and is convenient for limiting the moving direction of the connecting frame 32, and can also support the connecting frame 32; moreover, the second embedded plates 6 can increase the contact area between the second guide wheels 33 and the annular beam 1, and prevent the annular beam 1 from being damaged due to excessive local force.

[0068] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The second embedded plate 6 includes a plurality of second arc plates 61, which are continuously arranged along the circumference of the annular beam 1, and the plurality of second arc plates 61 form a continuous plane on the side of the annular beam 1 for the second guide wheel 33 to move.

[0069] Exemplarily, the second embedded plate 6 includes twelve second arc-shaped plates 61 , and the second arc-shaped plates 61 are all made of steel, which has high rigidity and is not easily damaged.

[0070] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6, a plurality of second guide wheels 33 are provided to improve the stability of the movement of the connecting assembly 3. Exemplarily, four second guide wheels 33 are provided, and the mounting groove 321 is arranged along the width direction of the annular beam 1 ( Figure 6 Two second guide wheels 33 are provided on each side groove wall (in the Y direction).

[0071] Further, see Figure 4 and Figure 8 A guide slope 11 is provided between the side wall and the top surface of the annular beam 1. When the connecting component 3 is installed on the annular beam 1, the second guide wheel 33 can slide to the second embedded plate 6 located on the side wall of the annular beam 1 via the guide slope 11, so that the installation of the connecting component 3 on the annular beam 1 is smoother.

[0072] Optionally, see Figure 4 and Figure 8 The tunneling equipment support structure also includes an anchor 7 anchored in the annular beam 1, and the anchor 7 is fixedly connected to the side of the first embedded plate 5 away from the first guide wheel 31, so that the first embedded plate 5 can be firmly fixed to the top surface of the annular beam 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the tunneling equipment 200 during construction.

[0073] For example, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 The anchor 7 includes a plurality of anchor screws or a plurality of anchor bolts, and the plurality of anchor screws or a plurality of anchor bolts are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the first embedded plate 5. The anchor screws or the anchor bolts are welded to the steel bars of the annular beam 1 and are wrapped by the concrete of the annular beam 1. The first embedded plate 5 is made of steel, and the first embedded plate 5 is welded to the anchor screws or the anchor bolts.

[0074] Further, see Figure 4 and Figure 8 An anchor 7 is also provided on the side of the second embedded plate 6 away from the second guide wheel 33, so that the second embedded plate 6 can be firmly fixed to the side of the annular beam 1, ensuring the stability of the excavation equipment 200 during construction.

[0075] Optionally, see Figure 6 and Fig. 9 The connecting assembly 3 also includes a bearing and a first wheel shaft extending in the width direction of the annular beam 1. The first wheel shaft is passed through the first guide wheel 31 and connected to the first guide wheel 31 through the bearing. The inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing can deflect relative to each other at a certain angle, so that the first guide wheel 31 can not only roll relative to the connecting member, but also deflect relative to the connecting frame 32 in a certain direction, so that the first guide wheel 31 can be more suitable for running on the annular beam 1 with a curvature.

[0076] For example, see Figure 6 and Fig. 9The bearing is a spherical roller bearing, and the first guide wheel 31 can be deflected at an angle α of no more than 20 degrees relative to the connecting frame 32.

[0077] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 A U-shaped first wheel frame 322 is provided on the bottom wall of the mounting groove 321, and the two ends of the first wheel axle are rotatably connected to the two ends of the U-shaped first wheel frame 322 respectively; a U-shaped second wheel frame 323 is provided on the side groove wall of the mounting groove 321, and the connecting component 3 also includes a second wheel axle 324, and the second guide wheel 33 is passed through the second wheel axle 324, and the two ends of the second wheel axle 324 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the U-shaped second wheel frame 323 respectively.

[0078] Optionally, see Figure 4 The driving assembly 4 includes a driving member 41, a gear 42 and a rack 43. The rack 43 is arranged on the inner side wall of the annular beam 1 and extends along the circumference of the annular beam 1. The gear 42 is rotatably arranged on the connecting assembly 3 and meshes with the rack 43. The output end of the driving member 41 is connected to the gear 42. The driving member 41 drives the connecting assembly 3 to move along the circumference of the annular beam 1 through the transmission action of the gear 42 and the rack 43. When the driving member 41 drives the gear 42 to rotate, the gear 42 meshes with the rack 43, and the gear 42 can move along the extension direction of the rack 43, thereby driving the connecting assembly 3 to move along the circumference of the annular beam 1; and the connecting assembly 3 is driven to move by the gear 42 and the rack 43, so that the movement of the connecting assembly 3 is more stable and the position of the connecting assembly 3 is more convenient to control.

[0079] In this embodiment, the driving member 41 is fixed on the connecting frame 32, and a transmission shaft is arranged between the driving member 41 and the gear 42. One end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 32, and the other end passes through the gear 42 and is connected to the output end of the driving member 41.

[0080] Exemplarily, the driving member 41 is a motor, the rack 43 is 100 mm wide and 50 mm thick, and the rack 43 is welded to the second embedded plate 6 .

[0081] Embodiment 2

[0082] like Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, this embodiment provides a caisson excavation method, using the excavation equipment support structure of the first embodiment to support the excavation equipment 200 to excavate the caisson, and the caisson excavation method includes the following steps:

[0083] S1. The connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 are cast and formed in the inner ring of the bottom shaft wall ring 100 to form the bottom sealing structure of the caisson and provide a supporting structure and a moving track for the excavation equipment 200.

[0084] In this embodiment, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0085] S11. Install the template of the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 on the inner ring of the bottom shaft wall ring 100, tie the steel bars of the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1, and connect the steel bars of the connecting beam 2 with the steel bars of the bottom shaft wall ring 100.

[0086] S12, connecting the first embedded plate 5 and the second embedded plate 6 to the steel bars of the annular beam 1.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first embedded plate 5 and the second embedded plate 6 are steel plates, which can reduce the amount of steel bars inside the annular beam 1 and reduce the cost. Specifically, one end of the anchor 7 is welded to the steel bars of the annular beam 1, and the other end is welded to the first embedded plate 5 or the second embedded plate 6 facing the side of the annular beam 1.

[0088] S13, pouring concrete into the templates of the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 to cast the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 into shape.

[0089] In this embodiment, the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 are cast and formed simultaneously with the bottom layer of the shaft wall ring 100. Specifically, in step S11, the templates of the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 are installed simultaneously with the templates of the bottom layer of the shaft wall ring 100, and the steel bars of the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 are tied simultaneously with the steel bars of the bottom layer of the shaft wall ring 100; in step S13, concrete is poured into the templates of the connecting beam 2 and the annular beam 1 while concrete is poured into the templates of the bottom layer of the shaft wall ring 100.

[0090] Furthermore, before step S11, step S10 is also included: using excavation equipment such as an excavator to dig a shallow well pit at the caisson to be excavated to determine the position for casting the bottom layer of the well wall ring 100.

[0091] Exemplarily, the lowering equipment includes a hydraulic lifting device, a winch and a steel strand. The steel strand is wound on the drum of the winch, and its free end passes through the steel cable hydraulic lifting device and is fixedly connected to the blade foot at the bottom of the bottom well wall ring 100.

[0092] S2. Connect the connection assembly 3 and the excavation equipment 200, and install the connection assembly 3 on the annular beam 1.

[0093] Specifically, the connecting assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the excavation equipment 200 on the ground by bolt connection or welding; then the excavation equipment 200 and the connecting assembly 3 are hoisted together to the top of the annular beam 1 by using a sinking device, and the sinking device is controlled to sink the excavation equipment 200 and the connecting assembly 3 downward until the first guide wheel 31 of the connecting assembly 3 contacts the top surface of the annular beam 1.

[0094] S3, controlling the excavation equipment 200 to excavate the soil at the bottom of the bottom shaft wall ring 100, and controlling the driving assembly 4 to drive the connecting assembly 3 to drive the excavation equipment 200 to move along the circumferential direction of the annular beam 1.

[0095] Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0096] S31, controlling the excavation arm 201 of the excavation equipment 200 to excavate the soil below the blade foot through the inner ring of the annular beam 1 and the space between the annular beam 1 and the bottom wall ring 100, and controlling the excavation equipment 200 to convert the excavated soil into mud and pump it out of the well pit;

[0097] S32, after all the soil in the excavation range of the tunneling arm 201 is excavated, the tunneling equipment 200 is controlled to stop excavating, and the driving member 41 is controlled to drive the gear 42 to rotate, and the gear 42 and the rack 43 drive the connecting frame 32 to move along the circumferential direction of the annular beam 1, and the tunneling equipment 200 moves accordingly;

[0098] S33, after the excavation equipment 200 moves to the soil to be excavated around it, steps S31 and S32 are repeated until the soil below the bottom-layer well wall ring 100 is completely excavated.

[0099] This embodiment adopts the undrained method to excavate the caisson, so the water level in the caisson needs to be kept higher than the groundwater level during the excavation of the soil, and a grouting port is reserved on the well wall ring 100. During the excavation process, the friction-reducing slurry is injected into the outer ring of the well wall ring 100 through the grouting port to reduce the friction between the well wall ring 100 and the soil outside the well.

[0100] S4. After the excavation equipment 200 has excavated the soil of a preset thickness, the excavation equipment 200 is controlled to stop excavating, and the bottom shaft wall ring 100 is sunk down to a preset thickness, and a new shaft wall ring 100 is assembled on top of the top shaft wall ring 100; wherein the preset thickness is determined according to specific construction conditions.

[0101] In this embodiment, while the bottom-layer well wall ring 100 of the sinking equipment is being sunk, the annular beam 1 and the connecting beam 2 are also being sunk, so that the connecting assembly 3 and the excavation equipment 200 installed on the annular beam 1 can also be sunk to a preset thickness.

[0102] Furthermore, after the bottom-layer shaft wall ring 100 is sunk to a preset thickness each time, one or more layers of shaft wall rings 100 are sequentially placed on top of the top-layer shaft wall ring 100 using lifting equipment such as a crane, and two adjacent shaft wall rings 100 are connected.

[0103] S5. Repeat steps S3 and S4 until the bottom wall ring 100 sinks to a preset position. At the preset position, the distance between the bottom of the bottom wall ring 100 and the ground is the depth of the caisson. At this time, the excavation of the caisson pit is completed.

[0104] Furthermore, after step S5, the following steps are also included:

[0105] S6. Using the sinking equipment, take out the excavation equipment 200 together with the connecting assembly 3 from the well pit;

[0106] S7. After the sediment at the bottom of the caisson and the silt attached to the shaft wall ring 100 are removed by air lift reverse circulation, high-pressure water washing and other methods, a bottom sealing concrete layer is poured underwater at the bottom of the caisson, and a top beam is poured at the top of the caisson to meet the subsequent anti-floating requirements of the caisson;

[0107] S8. After the strength of the bottom sealing concrete layer reaches the design requirements, the water in the caisson is pumped out and the bottom plate of the caisson is poured to complete the bottom sealing construction of the pit. At this point, all the construction of the caisson excavation is completed.

[0108] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunneling equipment support structure, used for supporting a tunneling equipment (200) in a caisson, wherein the caisson wall is composed of a plurality of vertically connected caisson wall rings (100), characterized in that: The tunneling equipment support structure comprises: An annular beam (1) and a plurality of connecting beams (2), wherein the annular beam (1) is located in the inner ring of the bottom-most well wall ring (100), and the plurality of connecting beams (2) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the annular beam (1), and one end of the connecting beam (2) is connected to the bottom-most well wall ring (100), and the other end is connected to the annular beam (1); A connection assembly (3) is movably mounted on the annular beam (1) along the circumference of the annular beam (1), and the excavation equipment (200) can be fixed to the connection assembly (3); A driving assembly (4) is drivingly connected to the connecting assembly (3) and is used to drive the connecting assembly (3) to drive the excavation equipment (200) to move along the circumference of the annular beam (1).

2. The tunneling equipment support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection assembly (3) comprises a first guide wheel (31), the top surface of the annular beam (1) is provided with a first embedded plate (5) extending along its circumference, and the first guide wheel (31) is in rolling cooperation with the first embedded plate (5).

3. The tunneling equipment support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection assembly (3) also includes a connection frame (32), the main machine of the tunneling equipment (200) is fixedly connected to the connection frame (32), the bottom of the connection frame (32) is recessed with a mounting groove (321), the first guide wheel (31) is rollingly arranged on the bottom wall of the mounting groove (321), and the top of the annular beam (1) extends into the mounting groove (321).

4. The tunneling equipment support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Second embedded plates (6) are provided on both the inner and outer walls of the annular beam (1), and second guide wheels (33) are provided on both side groove walls of the mounting groove (321) along the width direction of the annular beam (1), and the second guide wheels (33) are in rolling cooperation with the corresponding second embedded plates (6).

5. The tunneling equipment support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide slope (11) is provided between the side wall and the top surface of the annular beam (1), and the second guide wheel (33) can slide to the second embedded plate (6) via the guide slope (11).

6. The tunneling equipment support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tunneling equipment support structure further comprises an anchor (7) anchored in the annular beam (1), and the anchor (7) is fixedly connected to a side of the first embedded plate (5) facing away from the first guide wheel (31).

7. The tunneling equipment support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (3) further comprises a bearing and a first wheel axle extending along the width direction of the annular beam (1); the first wheel axle is passed through the first guide wheel (31) and is connected to the first guide wheel (31) via the bearing.

8. The tunneling equipment support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The driving assembly (4) comprises a driving member (41), a gear (42) and a rack (43); the rack (43) is arranged on the inner side wall of the annular beam (1) and extends along the circumference of the annular beam (1); the gear (42) is rotatably arranged on the connecting assembly (3) and meshes with the rack (43); the output end of the driving member (41) is connected to the gear (42); the driving member (41) drives the connecting assembly (3) to move along the circumference of the annular beam (1) through the transmission action of the gear (42) and the rack (43).

9. A method for excavating a caisson, characterized in that: The tunneling equipment support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to support the tunneling equipment (200) to excavate a caisson, and the caisson excavation method comprises the following steps: S1, casting the connection beam (2) and the annular beam (1) into shape on the inner ring of the well wall ring (100) at the bottom layer; S2, connecting the connection assembly (3) and the excavation equipment (200), and installing the connection assembly (3) on the annular beam (1); S3, controlling the excavation equipment (200) to excavate the soil at the bottom of the shaft wall ring (100) at the bottom layer, and controlling the driving component (4) to drive the connecting component (3) to drive the excavation equipment (200) to move along the circumferential direction of the annular beam (1); S4, after the excavation equipment (200) has excavated a preset thickness of soil, the excavation equipment (200) is controlled to stop excavation, and the bottommost shaft wall ring (100) is sunk downward to the preset thickness, while a new shaft wall ring (100) is assembled on top of the topmost shaft wall ring (100); S5, repeating steps S3 and S4 until the bottom layer of the well wall ring (100) is sunk to a preset position, wherein at the preset position, the distance between the bottom of the bottom layer of the well wall ring (100) and the ground is the depth of the caisson.

10. The caisson excavation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top surface of the annular beam (1) is provided with a first embedded plate (5) extending along its circumference, and the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the annular beam (1) are both provided with a second embedded plate (6). Step S1 specifically comprises the following steps: S11, installing the templates of the connecting beam (2) and the annular beam (1) on the inner ring of the bottom shaft wall ring (100), tying the steel bars of the connecting beam (2) and the annular beam (1), and connecting the steel bars of the connecting beam (2) with the steel bars of the bottom shaft wall ring (100); S12, connecting the first embedded plate (5) and the second embedded plate (6) to the steel bars of the annular beam (1); S13, pouring concrete into the formwork of the connecting beam (2) and the annular beam (1).

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