Rapid excavation method for dam toe board

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid excavation method for a dam toe board. The method comprises the steps that an area needing to be excavated is determined in the axis direction of the toe board; a crawler-type down-the-hole drill is arranged to enter an operation area; drilling is conducted in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the toe board through a crawler-type down-the-hole drill; and after blasting, the stone in the excavation area is taken out, and rapid excavation operation of the dam toe board is completed. The crawler-type down-the-hole drill comprises a drill body, the drill body comprises a crawler and an extension arm connected with the front end, a large-stroke oil cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the extension arm, the tail end of the large-stroke oil cylinder is hinged to the extension arm, the output end of the large-stroke oil cylinder is hinged to the side surface of a drill arm, and the front end of the extension arm is hinged to the side surface of the drill arm; an adjusting sliding frame is connected to the surface of one side of the drill boom. The method solves the problems that the existing toe board excavation construction efficiency is low, the site is narrow, and construction is difficult due to the small angle slope ratio, and has the characteristics that the dam toe board construction efficiency can be improved, the cost is saved, a drilling machine fixing device is not required to be built, and technical over-excavation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction, and in particular relates to a method for quickly excavating a dam toe plate. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the process of dam construction, toe plate excavation is a very critical link. The traditional toe plate excavation method adopts longitudinal drilling of the toe plate. Due to the size of the drill rod fixture, the drill bit cannot be close to the foundation surface, so the drilling platform needs to be over-excavated in advance for each cycle, which leads to local technical over-excavation of the toe plate. And it is usually necessary to build a fixture, the construction period is long, and it is easy to have problems such as technical over-excavation, which affects the progress and quality of the project; therefore, it is necessary to design a rapid excavation method for the dam toe plate to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate, which solves the problems of low construction efficiency of existing toe plate excavation, narrow site, and difficulty in construction with a small angle slope ratio. The method has the characteristics of accelerating the construction efficiency of the dam toe plate, saving costs, achieving the elimination of the need for a drilling rig fixing device, and avoiding technical over-excavation.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate comprises the following steps: S1, determine the area to be excavated in the direction of the toe plate axis; S2, setting up a crawler down-the-hole drill to enter the working area; S3, crawler-type down-the-hole drill rig drills holes perpendicular to the axis of the toe plate; S4, after blasting, remove the rocks in the excavation area and complete the rapid excavation of the dam toe plate.

[0005] Preferably, in step S1, the method for determining the area to be excavated is: Determine the location where holes need to be drilled, measure and stake out the hole position, hole depth, drilling angle and drilling direction of each predetermined hole for pre-splitting blasting and smooth blasting.

[0006] Preferably, in step S4, blasting is performed by burying a predetermined amount of explosives in the drilled hole; after blasting, the rocks are cleared by an excavator to complete the excavation.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, the structure of the crawler down-the-hole drill includes a drilling rig body, the drilling rig body includes a crawler vehicle, an extension arm is connected to the front end of the crawler vehicle, a long-stroke cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the extension arm, the tail end of the long-stroke cylinder is hinged to the extension arm, the output end of the long-stroke cylinder is hinged to the side surface of the drill arm, and the front end of the extension arm is hinged to the side surface of the drill arm; an adjusting slide is connected to one side surface of the drill arm, the adjusting slide includes a slide groove provided on the side surface of the drill arm, a bracket is slidably connected in the slide groove for connection with the drill rod; the bottom end of the bracket is connected to the output end of the adjusting cylinder, and the tail end of the adjusting cylinder is connected to the support seat at the bottom of the drill arm.

[0008] Preferably, the lower surface of the extension arm and the side surface of the drill arm are both connected with ear seats, and the ear seats are composed of two parallel plate structures, and the surface of the plate structure has holes.

[0009] Preferably, the tail end and the output end of the long-stroke oil cylinder are both provided with a through pin hole, a pin shaft passes through the pin hole, and both ends of the pin shaft pass through the openings of the ear seat and are hinged to the ear seat.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the pin shaft is a nut head structure, and the other end is provided with a thread connected to a locking nut for limiting position, and a rubber ring is sleeved on the end of the pin shaft outside the locking nut.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the rubber ring is slightly smaller than the diameter of the pin shaft, and after being extended, it is sleeved on the outer surface of the pin shaft to achieve a tight clamp, thereby preventing the nut from slipping off by itself during shaking.

[0012] Preferably, the drill arm is a multi-section split drill arm connected by bolts, and the multi-section split drill arm is provided with stepped slots at the upper and lower ends, and the slots are fixedly connected by bolts; the multi-section split drill arm is provided with slide slots on one side close to the adjustment slide, and the slide slots are connected to form an integral slide slot after the multi-section split drill arm is connected.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the dam toe plate rapid excavation method provided by the present invention are as follows: 1. This method can achieve the effect of rapid excavation of the dam toe plate, save construction time, improve construction efficiency, avoid technical over-excavation, and ensure excavation quality. This device uses a large-stroke cylinder to increase the working elevation angle of the drill arm to meet the small-angle drilling construction of the toe plate reverse slope.

[0014] 2. This method uses a specially designed crawler down-the-hole drill for excavation. The crawler down-the-hole drill can reduce the working length of the drill arm by adopting an adjustable slide, thereby meeting the drilling construction requirements in narrow terrain. It solves the problems of high cost and low efficiency of traditional drilling, as well as the problem that large down-the-hole drills are difficult to construct in narrow terrain and cannot drill horizontally at small angles. The equipment is simple and practical, easy to construct, highly efficient, low cost and has good stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the construction surface of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the pin shaft and the ear seat in the present invention; In the figure: drilling rig body 1, toe plate 11, excavation area 12, predetermined drilling hole 13, extension arm 2, long-stroke cylinder 3, pin hole 31, pin shaft 32, ear seat 33, locking nut 34, rubber ring 35, drill arm 4, adjustment slide 5, bracket 51, adjustment cylinder 52. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate comprises the following steps: S1, determine the area 12 to be excavated in the axial direction of the toe plate 11; S2, setting up a crawler down-the-hole drill to enter the working area; S3, the crawler down-the-hole drill drills a hole perpendicular to the axis direction of the toe plate 11; S4, after blasting, the rocks in the excavation area 12 are removed to complete the rapid excavation of the dam toe 11 plate.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, the method for determining the area to be excavated is: Determine the location where the hole needs to be drilled, measure and lay out the hole position, hole depth, drilling angle and drilling direction of each predetermined drill hole 13 for pre-splitting blasting and smooth blasting.

[0018] Preferably, in step S4, blasting is performed by burying a predetermined amount of explosives in the drilled hole; after blasting, the rocks are cleared by an excavator to complete the excavation.

[0019] Further, in step S3, the excavation step is: A long-stroke oil cylinder 3 with a suitable stroke is selected to connect with the extension arm 2 and the drill arm 4, and then the elevation angle of the drill arm 4 is controlled to be adjusted within the range of 0° to 90° by adjusting the stroke of the long-stroke oil cylinder 3; By adjusting the oil cylinder 52 to drive the bracket 51 to slide, the working length of the drill bit can be extended or shortened to adapt to the space in the construction area; Further, the method of extending or reducing the working length of the drill bit is: When the length of the drill arm 4 is insufficient or too long, part of the split drill arm 4 is spliced ​​or removed, thereby increasing or decreasing the length of the entire drill arm 4 .

[0020] Embodiment 2: like Figure 2~Figure 3 As shown, the crawler down-the-hole drill includes a drilling rig body 1, and the drilling rig body 1 includes a crawler vehicle. An extension arm 2 is connected to the front end of the crawler vehicle. A long-stroke cylinder 3 is arranged at the bottom of the extension arm 2. The tail end of the long-stroke cylinder 3 is hinged to the extension arm 2, and the output end of the long-stroke cylinder 3 is hinged to the side surface of the drill arm 4. The front end of the extension arm 2 is hinged to the side surface of the drill arm 4; an adjusting slide 5 is connected to one side surface of the drill arm 4.

[0021] Preferably, the lower surface of the extension arm 2 and the side surface of the drill arm 4 are both connected with an ear seat 33, and the ear seat 33 is composed of two parallel plate structures, and the surface of the plate structure is opened.

[0022] Preferably, the tail end and the output end of the long-stroke oil cylinder 3 are both provided with a through pin hole 31 , a pin shaft 32 passes through the pin hole 31 , and both ends of the pin shaft 32 pass through the openings of the ear seat 33 and are hinged to the ear seat 33 .

[0023] Preferably, one end of the pin shaft 32 is a nut head structure, and the other end is provided with a thread connected to a locking nut 34 for limiting position, and a rubber ring 35 is sleeved on the end of the pin shaft 32 outside the locking nut 34 .

[0024] Furthermore, the diameter of the rubber ring 35 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the pin shaft 32 , and after being extended, it is sleeved on the outer surface of the pin shaft 32 to achieve a tight clamp, thereby preventing the nut from sliding off by itself during shaking.

[0025] Preferably, the adjusting slide 5 includes a slide groove opened on the side surface of the drill arm 4, and a bracket 51 is slidably connected in the slide groove for connecting with the drill rod; the bottom end of the bracket 51 is connected to the output end of the adjusting cylinder 52, and the tail end of the adjusting cylinder 52 is connected to the support seat at the bottom of the drill arm 4.

[0026] Preferably, the drill arm 4 is a multi-section split drill arm 4 connected by bolts, and the multi-section split drill arm 4 is provided with stepped slots at the upper and lower ends, and the slots are fixedly connected by bolts; the multi-section split drill arm 4 is provided with slide slots on one side close to the adjustment slide 5, and the slide slots are connected into an integral slide slot after the multi-section split drill arm 4 is connected.

Claims

1. A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, determining the area (12) to be excavated in the axial direction of the toe plate (11); S2, setting up a crawler down-the-hole drill to enter the working area; S3, a crawler-type down-the-hole drill drills a hole perpendicular to the axis direction of the toe plate (11); S4, after blasting, the rocks in the excavation area (12) are removed to complete the rapid excavation of the dam toe plate (11).

2. A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the method for determining the area to be excavated is: The location where the hole needs to be drilled is determined, and the hole position, hole depth, drilling angle and drilling direction of each predetermined drilling hole (13) for pre-splitting blasting and smooth blasting are measured and laid out.

3. A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, blasting is performed by burying a predetermined amount of explosives in the drilled hole; after the blasting, the rocks are cleared by an excavator to complete the excavation.

4. A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the structure of the crawler-type down-the-hole drilling rig comprises a drilling rig body (1), the drilling rig body (1) comprises a crawler vehicle, the front end of the crawler vehicle is connected to an extension arm (2), a long-stroke oil cylinder (3) is arranged at the bottom of the extension arm (2), the tail end of the long-stroke oil cylinder (3) is hinged to the extension arm (2), the output end of the long-stroke oil cylinder (3) is hinged to the side surface of the drill arm (4), and the front end of the extension arm (2) is hinged to the side surface of the drill arm (4); an adjustment slide (5) is connected to one side surface of the drill arm (4), the adjustment slide (5) comprises a slide groove provided on the side surface of the drill arm (4), a bracket (51) is slidably connected in the slide groove for connection with a drill rod; the bottom end of the bracket (51) is connected to the output end of the adjustment oil cylinder (52), and the tail end of the adjustment oil cylinder (52) is connected to a support seat at the bottom of the drill arm (4).

5. A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower surface of the extension arm (2) and the side surface of the drill arm (4) are both connected with an ear seat (33), and the ear seat (33) is composed of two parallel plate-like structures, and the surface of the plate-like structure has holes.

6. A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tail end and the output end of the long-stroke oil cylinder (3) are both provided with a through pin hole (31), a pin shaft (32) passes through the pin hole (31), and both ends of the pin shaft (32) pass through the openings of the ear seat (33) and are hingedly connected to the ear seat (33).

7. A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the pin shaft (32) is a nut head structure, and the other end is provided with a thread connected to a locking nut (34) for limiting position. The end of the pin shaft (32) outside the locking nut (34) is sleeved with a rubber ring (35).

8. A method for rapid excavation of a dam toe plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drill arm (4) is a multi-section split drill arm connected by bolts, and the multi-section split drill arm is provided with stepped slots at the upper and lower ends, and the slots are fixedly connected by bolts; the multi-section split drill arm is provided with a slide slot on one side close to the adjustment slide (5), and the slide slots of the multi-section split drill arm are connected to form an integral slide slot after being connected.

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