Dynamic decoking method and device for boiler heating surface of coal-fired unit, boiler and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic decoking method and device for a heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler, the boiler and a storage medium, the coal-fired unit boiler comprises a coking monitoring and early warning unit and a decoking unit, and the dynamic decoking method comprises the steps that according to design parameters and operation data of the coal-fired unit boiler, the coal-fired unit boiler is subjected to dynamic decoking; dividing a heated area of the boiler and installing a decoking agent spraying device; determining contamination coefficients of different heating areas of the boiler according to coking detection and early warning calculation results of the heating surface of the boiler; calculating and determining the addition amount of the decoking agent required by different heating areas of the boiler based on the contamination coefficient; and controlling an injection device to dynamically inject the decoking agent to different heating areas of the boiler based on the decoking agent basic data and the decoking agent addition amount data. The device is used for accurately, quantitatively and timely adding a decoking agent after boiler coking, dynamic cleaning of coking on a heating surface is realized, coking expansion is avoided, the problem of excessive addition or insufficient addition of the decoking agent is avoided, and the operation safety and economic benefits of a unit are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of boiler control of coal-fired units, and relates to a dynamic decoking method, a device, a boiler and a storage medium for a heating surface of a boiler of a coal-fired unit. Background Art

[0002] In order to reduce power generation costs and improve competitiveness, some coal-fired units have gradually begun to burn other types of coal on the basis of the designed coal, mainly low-quality coal such as lignite. However, the burning of non-designed low-quality coal brings a series of problems such as coking and contamination. On the other hand, unreasonable organization of combustion conditions can also cause uneven combustion in the furnace, deviation of the flame center, flame brushing the wall, etc. In severe cases, it can cause coking of the heating surface of the furnace.

[0003] In response to the problem of boiler coking, CN114738792A discloses a coking monitoring and early warning device system and method for coal-fired power station boilers. By adding a flue gas temperature monitoring device and a wall temperature monitoring device to the partition screen, the final superheater and the final reheater of the coal-fired power station boiler, the contamination coefficient of the boiler heating surface is calculated based on a large amount of flue gas temperature data and wall temperature data, and on this basis, the boiler coking condition, ash accumulation degree, coking location and other information are indirectly monitored and digitally visualized. The above method is more accurate and advanced than the original manual judgment of the boiler coking condition, and can guide the operating personnel to perform relevant optimization operations to ensure the safe and stable operation of the coal-fired power station boiler.

[0004] In addition, the means of controlling coking pollution in the prior art mainly include mixed coal combustion, combustion optimization, additives (including decoking agents) and heat exchange surface material modification. Among them, adding decoking agents is a more common method at present. Its main components are metal oxides and nitrate substances. The metal oxides mainly promote the reburning of unburned carbon in the sediment, so that it produces honeycomb holes, becomes loose and easy to fall off. When metal oxides are sprayed into the furnace, they can penetrate inward from the pores on the surface of the sediment, heat, rub or collide with unburned coal powder carbon particles, etc., and can cause combustion and micro-explosion phenomena above 700°C. The "micro-explosion" reaction directly acts on the sediment, making the sediment loose and easy to fall off. On the other hand, nitrate compounds can provide enough oxygen for reaction, and penetrate into the sediment as extremely small particles, destroying the hard structure of the sediment, making the sediment loose and porous.

[0005] However, the current use of decoking agents is rather crude, with operators manually determining the amount, time and location of addition based mainly on unit-related parameters, which can result in excessive or insufficient addition of decoking agents.

[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need to provide a method and system for accurately and dynamically injecting a decoking agent into the heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler to guide and realize the accurate quantitative addition of the decoking agent, thereby inhibiting coking on the heating surface and improving the operating safety and economic benefits of the unit. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic decoking method, device, boiler and storage medium for the heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler, which is used for the accurate, quantitative and timely addition of decoking agent after coking in the boiler, so as to achieve dynamic cleaning of coking on the heating surface, avoid the expansion of coking, and avoid the problem of excessive or insufficient addition of decoking agent.

[0008] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic decoking method for a heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler, wherein the coal-fired unit boiler comprises a coking monitoring and early warning unit and a decoking unit, and the dynamic decoking method comprises:

[0010] According to the design parameters and operation data of the coal-fired unit boiler, the heating area of ​​the boiler is divided and the decoking agent injection device is installed;

[0011] According to the coking detection and early warning calculation results of the boiler heating surface, the contamination coefficients of different heating areas of the boiler are determined;

[0012] Determine the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas of the boiler based on the contamination coefficient calculation;

[0013] The control injection device dynamically injects the decoking agent to different heating areas of the boiler based on the decoking agent basic data and the decoking agent addition amount data.

[0014] The present invention first divides the boiler's coking prone areas, and calculates the amount of coking agent required for different heating areas in real time based on the contamination coefficient of the heating surface, so as to accurately, quantitatively and timely add the coking agent after the boiler is coked, realize dynamic cleaning of the coking on the heating surface, avoid the expansion of coking, avoid the problem of excessive or insufficient addition of the coking agent, and improve the unit's operating safety and economic benefits. The method realizes automatic control, does not require manual addition, and improves efficiency and accuracy.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the coal-fired unit boiler includes a furnace, a flue, a main burner, a water-cooled wall, a partition screen, a final superheater and a final reheater.

[0016] Preferably, a main burner is provided at the bottom of the furnace.

[0017] Preferably, a water-cooled wall is provided on the outer periphery of the furnace.

[0018] Preferably, a partition screen, a final superheater and a final reheater are sequentially arranged at the top of the furnace along the flue gas flow direction.

[0019] Preferably, a flame deflection angle is provided on the side of the furnace body connected to the top of the furnace.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the design parameters include any one or a combination of at least two of the boiler volumetric heat load, the boiler cross-sectional heat load, the main burner area heat load or the main burner arrangement.

[0021] Preferably, the heated area includes a main burner area, a water-cooled wall area, a partition screen area and a flame fold angle area.

[0022] In the present invention, according to the design parameters and operation data of the coal-fired unit boiler, the boiler heating surface in the coking-prone area is divided into the main burner area, the water-cooled wall area, the partition screen area and the flame folding angle area.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the decoking unit includes a spraying device.

[0024] Preferably, a flow metering component is provided in the injection device.

[0025] Preferably, the injection device is independently connected to the main burner, the water-cooled wall, the partition screen and the flame folding angle through pipelines.

[0026] Preferably, the injection device is connected to a data acquisition device and a control system in sequence.

[0027] Preferably, the coking monitoring and early warning unit comprises a temperature monitoring device, a data acquisition device, a control system, an algorithm server and a monitoring result screen display device which are connected in sequence.

[0028] Preferably, the temperature monitoring device includes a smoke temperature monitoring device and a wall temperature monitoring device.

[0029] Preferably, the smoke temperature monitoring device comprises a first smoke temperature monitoring device arranged at the main burner, a second smoke temperature monitoring device arranged at the entrance of the partition screen and a third smoke temperature monitoring device arranged at the flame folding angle.

[0030] Preferably, the wall temperature monitoring device includes a first wall temperature monitoring device arranged on the partition screen tube bundle, a second wall temperature monitoring device arranged on the last stage superheater screen tube bundle, and a third wall temperature monitoring device arranged on the last stage reheater screen tube bundle.

[0031] It should be noted that the overall length of the water-cooled wall zone is relatively long, so the smoke temperature in the water-cooled wall zone can be the smoke temperature at the outlet of the main burner. By setting the above-mentioned smoke temperature monitoring device and the wall temperature monitoring device, combined with the method provided in CN114738792A, the contamination coefficient calculation of the main burner zone, water-cooled wall zone, partition screen zone and flame folding angle zone can be realized.

[0032] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the components of the decoking agent include metal oxides and nitrates.

[0033] Preferably, the metal oxide comprises copper oxide.

[0034] In the present invention, the specific components of the decoking agent are not limited. As long as the decoking agent contains copper ions and nitrate ions and can decoke the heating surface of the boiler, those skilled in the art can select it according to actual conditions.

[0035] Preferably, the decoking agent basic data includes any one or a combination of at least two of the decoking agent's physical property parameters, addition time and addition position.

[0036] In the present invention, before spraying the decoking agent, basic data of the decoking agent needs to be input into the data acquisition device.

[0037] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, according to the contamination coefficient C f Determine and grade the coking degree of the boiler heating area;

[0038] When 0<C f When ≤4, it means that no obvious coking occurs on the current heating surface;

[0039] When 4<C f When ≤6, it means that the current heating surface is slightly coked;

[0040] When 6<C f When ≤8, it means that the current heating surface is severely coked;

[0041] When C f When it is greater than 8, it indicates that the current heating surface is severely coked.

[0042] In the present invention, the contamination coefficient C f The calculation method of is carried out with reference to the method provided in CN114738792A and is not specifically limited here.

[0043] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the calculation and determination of the amount of the decoking agent to be added includes the following situations:

[0044] (1) When the boiler heating area can be accurately measured, the amount of decoking agent added is calculated according to the following formula:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, Q i represents the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas, i∈{1,2,3,4}, 1 represents the main burner area, 2 represents the water-cooled wall area, 3 represents the partition screen area, and 4 represents the flame folding angle area;

[0047] C i Indicates the degree of coking in different heated areas;

[0048] A i The empirical constants representing different heating areas are A1, which is 6.02, A2, which is 2.87, A3, which is 2.35, and A4, which is 5.66;

[0049] Indicates the copper ion concentration in the decoking agent, Indicates the nitrate ion concentration in the decoking agent; or

[0050] (2) When the boiler heating area cannot be accurately measured, the amount of decoking agent added is graded according to different heating areas and coking degrees;

[0051] When 0<C f When ≤4, no decoking agent needs to be added to the heating area of ​​the boiler, and decoking is carried out through load disturbance;

[0052] When 4<C f When the temperature is ≤6, the amount of decoking agent added to the main burner area and the flame bending angle area is 22-27kg, and the amount of decoking agent added to other areas is 47-52kg;

[0053] When 6<C f When the decoking agent is less than 8, the amount of decoking agent added in the flame bending angle area is 22-27kg, the amount of decoking agent added in the main burner area is 47-52kg, the amount of decoking agent added in the water-cooled wall area is 72-77kg, and the amount of decoking agent added in the partition screen area is 97-102kg;

[0054] When C f When the temperature is higher than 8, the amount of decoking agent added in the main burner area and the flame folding angle area is 47-52kg, and the amount of decoking agent added in other areas is 97-102kg.

[0055] It is worth mentioning that according to the different conditions of the heated area, the precise and timely addition of decoking agents can be carried out by using precise measurement or empirical parameter methods, which can make full use of their respective advantages and improve the flexibility, adaptability, accuracy and robustness of decoking.

[0056] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic decoking device for a heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler, wherein the coal-fired unit boiler comprises a coking monitoring and early warning unit and a decoking unit, and the device comprises:

[0057] A division and installation module is used to divide the heating area of ​​the boiler and install a decoking agent injection device according to the design parameters and operation data of the coal-fired unit boiler;

[0058] The first determination module is used to determine the contamination coefficients of different heating areas of the boiler according to the coking detection and early warning calculation results of the boiler heating surface;

[0059] The second calculation and determination module is used to calculate and determine the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas of the boiler based on the contamination coefficient;

[0060] The control module is used to control the spraying device to dynamically spray the decoking agent to different heating areas of the boiler based on the decoking agent basic data and the decoking agent addition amount data.

[0061] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a coal-fired unit boiler, the coal-fired unit boiler comprising:

[0062] at least one processor; and

[0063] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0064] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of the boiler of a coal-fired unit described in the first aspect.

[0065] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of a boiler of a coal-fired unit described in the first aspect when executed.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] The present invention aims at the problems of coking and fouling of coal-fired boilers, and constructs a dynamic decoking method and device for the heating surface. Compared with the prior art, the present invention comprehensively considers parameters such as design parameters, operating data and fouling coefficient, and proposes a complete set of dynamic decoking methods for the heating surface of coal-fired boilers by combining precise measurement with empirical parameters. The method first divides the boiler's coking-prone areas, and calculates the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas in real time based on the fouling coefficient of the heating surface, which is used for accurate, quantitative and timely addition of decoking agent after the boiler is coked, so as to achieve dynamic cleaning of coking on the heating surface, avoid the expansion of coking, avoid the problem of excessive or insufficient addition of decoking agent, and improve the unit's operating safety and economic benefits. The method realizes automated control without the need for manual addition, thereby improving efficiency and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0069] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a dynamic decoking method for a heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler provided in Example 1;

[0070] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a coking monitoring and early warning unit and a decoking unit in a coal-fired unit boiler provided in Example 1;

[0071] Among them, 1-furnace, 2-flue, 3-main burner, 4-water-cooled wall, 5-dividing screen, 6-final superheater, 7-final reheater, 8-flame folding angle, 9-injection device, 100-first smoke temperature monitoring device, 101-second smoke temperature monitoring device, 102-third smoke temperature monitoring device, 110-first wall temperature monitoring device, 111-second wall temperature monitoring device, 112-third wall temperature monitoring device, 12-data acquisition device, 13-control system, 14-algorithm server, 15-monitoring result screen display device;

[0072] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic decoking device for a heating surface of a boiler of a coal-fired unit provided in Example 2;

[0073] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal-fired unit boiler for implementing a dynamic decoking method for a heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler provided in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0075] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "candidate", "target", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] The present embodiment provides a flow chart of a dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of a boiler of a coal-fired unit. The present embodiment can be used to dynamically adjust the amount of decoking agent added according to different heating areas and contamination coefficients, thereby achieving accurate and timely injection of the decoking agent. The method can be executed by a dynamic decoking device for the heating surface of the boiler of a coal-fired unit. The dynamic decoking device for the heating surface of the boiler of a coal-fired unit can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The dynamic decoking device for the heating surface of the boiler of a coal-fired unit can be integrated in the boiler of a coal-fired unit.

[0078] This embodiment provides a dynamic decoking method for a heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler, wherein the coal-fired unit boiler includes a coking monitoring and early warning unit and a decoking unit;

[0079] Wherein, the coal-fired unit boiler (such as Figure 2 The furnace 1 includes a furnace 1, a flue 2, a main burner 3, a water-cooled wall 4, a partition 5, a final superheater 6 and a final reheater 7; the main burner 3 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace 1; the water-cooled wall 4 is arranged at the periphery of the furnace 1; the partition 5, the final superheater 6 and the final reheater 7 are arranged in sequence at the top of the furnace 1 along the flue gas flow direction; a flame folding angle 8 is arranged on the side of the furnace body connected to the top of the furnace 1;

[0080] Specifically, the decoking unit includes an injection device 9; a flow metering component is arranged in the injection device 9; the injection device 9 is independently connected to the through holes of the main burner 3, the water wall 4, the partition screen 5 and the flame bending angle 8 through pipelines; the injection device 9 is connected to the data acquisition device 12 and the control system 13 in sequence;

[0081] Specifically, the coking monitoring and early warning unit includes a temperature monitoring device, a data acquisition device 12, a control system 13, an algorithm server 14 and a monitoring result screen display device 15 which are connected in sequence; the temperature monitoring device includes a smoke temperature monitoring device and a wall temperature monitoring device; the smoke temperature monitoring device includes a first smoke temperature monitoring device 100 arranged at the main burner, a second smoke temperature monitoring device 101 arranged at the entrance of the partition screen and a third smoke temperature monitoring device 102 arranged at the flame folding angle; the wall temperature monitoring device includes a first wall temperature monitoring device 110 arranged on the partition screen tube bundle, a second wall temperature monitoring device 111 arranged on the final superheater screen tube bundle, and a third wall temperature monitoring device 112 arranged on the final reheater screen tube bundle;

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the dynamic defocusing method comprises:

[0083] S110. Divide the heating area of ​​the boiler and install a decoking agent injection device according to the design parameters and operation data of the coal-fired unit boiler.

[0084] The design parameters include any one or a combination of at least two of the following: boiler volume heat load, boiler cross-sectional heat load, main burner area heat load or main burner arrangement; the boiler heat receiving area includes the main burner area, water wall area, partition screen area and flame folding angle area;

[0085] Wherein, the components of the descorching agent include metal oxides and nitrates; the metal oxides include copper oxides;

[0086] Specifically, a hole is firstly opened in the heated area, and then a decoking agent injection device is installed, and corresponding valves and pipelines are arranged.

[0087] S120, determining the contamination coefficients of different heating areas of the boiler according to the coking detection and early warning calculation results of the boiler heating surface;

[0088] According to the contamination coefficient C f Determine and grade the coking degree of the boiler heating area;

[0089] When 0<C f When ≤4, it means that no obvious coking occurs on the current heating surface;

[0090] When 4<C fWhen ≤6, it means that the current heating surface is slightly coked;

[0091] When 6<C f When ≤8, it means that the current heating surface is severely coked;

[0092] When C f When it is greater than 8, it indicates that the current heating surface is severely coked.

[0093] Specifically, according to the calculation results of the boiler heating surface coking detection and early warning system, the coking conditions of the main burner area, water-cooled wall area, partition screen area and flame folding angle area are calculated. The specific calculation method of the contamination coefficient is carried out in accordance with the method provided by CN114738792A. The device system provided by CN114738792A is calculated based on a large amount of smoke temperature data and wall temperature data to obtain the boiler heating surface contamination coefficient C f (dimensionless constant), takes values ​​from 1 to 10, and is calculated based on the constant C f The size of the filter can be used to judge the coking degree in different heated areas so as to facilitate the precise quantitative addition of the decoking agent.

[0094] S130, determining the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas of the boiler based on the contamination coefficient;

[0095] The calculation and determination of the amount of the decoking agent to be added includes the following situations:

[0096] (1) When the boiler heating area can be accurately measured, the amount of decoking agent added is calculated according to the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, Q i Indicates the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas, i∈{1,2,3,4}, 1 represents the main burner area, 2 represents the water-cooled wall area, 3 represents the partition screen area, and 4 represents the flame folding angle area;

[0099] C i Indicates the degree of coking in different heated areas;

[0100] A i The empirical constants representing different heating areas are A1, which is 6.02, A2, which is 2.87, A3, which is 2.35, and A4, which is 5.66;

[0101] Indicates the copper ion concentration in the decoking agent, Indicates the nitrate ion concentration in the decoking agent; or

[0102] (2) When the boiler heating area cannot be accurately measured, the amount of decoking agent added is graded according to different heating areas and coking degrees;

[0103] When 0<C f When ≤4, no decoking agent needs to be added to the heating area of ​​the boiler, and decoking is carried out through load disturbance;

[0104] When 4<C f When the temperature is ≤6, the amount of decoking agent added to the main burner area and the flame bending angle area is 22-27kg, and the amount of decoking agent added to other areas is 47-52kg;

[0105] When 6<C f When the decoking agent is less than 8, the amount of decoking agent added in the flame bending angle area is 22-27kg, the amount of decoking agent added in the main burner area is 47-52kg, the amount of decoking agent added in the water-cooled wall area is 72-77kg, and the amount of decoking agent added in the partition screen area is 97-102kg;

[0106] When C f When the temperature is higher than 8, the amount of decoking agent added in the main burner area and the flame bending angle area is 47-52kg, and the amount of decoking agent added in other areas is 97-102kg.

[0107] Specifically, according to the different conditions of the heated area, the precise and timely addition of decoking agents can be carried out by using precise measurement or empirical parameter methods, which can fully utilize the advantages of each and improve the flexibility, adaptability, accuracy and robustness of decoking.

[0108] S140, controlling the spraying device to dynamically spray the decoking agent to different heating areas of the boiler based on the decoking agent basic data and the decoking agent addition amount data.

[0109] The decoking agent basic data includes any one or a combination of at least two of the decoking agent's physical property parameters, addition time, and addition location.

[0110] Specifically, before spraying the decoking agent, basic data of the decoking agent needs to be input into the data acquisition device.

[0111] This embodiment aims at the problems of coking and fouling of coal-fired boilers, and constructs a dynamic decoking method and device for the heating surface. Compared with the prior art, this embodiment comprehensively considers parameters such as design parameters, operating data and fouling coefficient, and proposes a complete set of dynamic decoking methods for the heating surface of coal-fired boilers by combining precise measurement with empirical parameters. The method first divides the boiler's coking-prone areas, and calculates the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas in real time based on the fouling coefficient of the heating surface, which is used for accurate, quantitative and timely addition of decoking agent after the boiler is coked, so as to achieve dynamic cleaning of coking on the heating surface, avoid the expansion of coking, avoid the problem of excessive or insufficient addition of decoking agent, and improve the unit's operating safety and economic benefits. The method realizes automated control, without the need for manual addition, and improves efficiency and accuracy.

[0112] Example 2

[0113] This embodiment provides a dynamic decoking device for the heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler, such as Figure 3 As shown, the dynamic decoking device includes: a division and installation module 301, a first determination module 302, a second calculation and determination module 303 and a control module 304. Among them:

[0114] The division and installation module 301 is used to divide the heating area of ​​the boiler and install the decoking agent injection device according to the design parameters and operation data of the coal-fired unit boiler;

[0115] The first determination module 302 is used to determine the contamination coefficients of different heating areas of the boiler according to the coking detection and early warning calculation results of the boiler heating surface;

[0116] The second calculation and determination module 303 is used to calculate and determine the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas of the boiler based on the contamination coefficient;

[0117] The control module 304 is used to control the spraying device to dynamically spray the decoking agent to different heating areas of the boiler based on the decoking agent basic data and the decoking agent addition amount data.

[0118] The dynamic decoking device provided in this embodiment can execute the dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of the boiler of a coal-fired unit provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0119] Example 3

[0120] This embodiment provides a coal-fired boiler for implementing a dynamic decoking method for a heating surface of a coal-fired boiler. Figure 4As shown, the coal-fired unit boiler is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The coal-fired unit boiler can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or required herein.

[0121] like Figure 4 As shown, the coal-fired boiler 40 includes at least one processor 41, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 41, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 42, a random access memory (RAM) 43, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 41 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 42 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 48 to the random access memory (RAM) 43. In the RAM 43, various programs and data required for the operation of the coal-fired boiler 40 can also be stored. The processor 41, the ROM 42, and the RAM 43 are connected to each other through a bus 44. An input / output (I / O) interface 45 is also connected to the bus 44.

[0122] A plurality of components in the coal-fired unit boiler 40 are connected to the I / O interface 45, including: an input unit 46, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 47, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 48, such as a second storage area, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 49, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 49 allows the coal-fired unit boiler 40 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0123] The processor 41 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 41 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 41 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a dynamic decoking method for a heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler.

[0124] In some embodiments, the dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of the coal-fired unit boiler can be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 48. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the coal-fired unit boiler 40 via the ROM 42 and / or the communication unit 49. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 43 and executed by the processor 41, one or more steps of the dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of the coal-fired unit boiler described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 41 can be configured to execute the dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of the coal-fired unit boiler in any other appropriate manner (for example, by means of firmware).

[0125] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0126] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable target determination device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0127] In the context of the present application, a computer readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0128] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on a coal-fired boiler having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball), through which a user may provide input to the coal-fired boiler. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with a user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0129] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0130] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0131] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the information expected by the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.

[0132] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention are within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic decoking of the heating surface of a coal-fired boiler, characterized in that: The coal-fired unit boiler includes a coking monitoring and early warning unit and a decoking unit, and the dynamic decoking method includes: According to the design parameters and operation data of the coal-fired unit boiler, the heating area of ​​the boiler is divided and the decoking agent injection device is installed; According to the coking detection and early warning calculation results of the boiler heating surface, the contamination coefficients of different heating areas of the boiler are determined; Determine the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas of the boiler based on the contamination coefficient calculation; The control injection device dynamically injects the decoking agent to different heating areas of the boiler based on the decoking agent basic data and the decoking agent addition amount data.

2. The dynamic decoking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal-fired unit boiler comprises a furnace, a flue, a main burner, a water-cooled wall, a partition screen, a final superheater and a final reheater; Preferably, a main burner is provided at the bottom of the furnace; Preferably, a water-cooled wall is provided on the outer periphery of the furnace; Preferably, a partition screen, a final superheater and a final reheater are sequentially arranged at the top of the furnace along the flue gas flow direction; Preferably, a flame deflection angle is provided on the side of the furnace body connected to the top of the furnace.

3. The dynamic decoking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design parameters include any one or a combination of at least two of the boiler volumetric heat load, boiler cross-sectional heat load, main burner area area heat load or main burner arrangement; Preferably, the heated area includes a main burner area, a water-cooled wall area, a partition screen area and a flame fold angle area.

4. The dynamic decoking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decoking unit includes an injection device; Preferably, a flow metering component is provided in the injection device; Preferably, the injection device is independently connected to the through holes of the main burner, the water-cooled wall, the partition screen and the flame folding angle through pipelines; Preferably, the injection device is connected to the data acquisition device and the control system in sequence; Preferably, the coking monitoring and early warning unit comprises a temperature monitoring device, a data acquisition device, a control system, an algorithm server and a monitoring result screen display device connected in sequence; Preferably, the temperature monitoring device includes a smoke temperature monitoring device and a wall temperature monitoring device; Preferably, the smoke temperature monitoring device comprises a first smoke temperature monitoring device arranged at the main burner, a second smoke temperature monitoring device arranged at the entrance of the partition screen, and a third smoke temperature monitoring device arranged at the flame folding angle; Preferably, the wall temperature monitoring device includes a first wall temperature monitoring device arranged on the partition screen tube bundle, a second wall temperature monitoring device arranged on the last stage superheater screen tube bundle, and a third wall temperature monitoring device arranged on the last stage reheater screen tube bundle.

5. The dynamic decoking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The descorching agent comprises metal oxides and nitrates; Preferably, the metal oxide comprises copper oxide; Preferably, the decoking agent basic data includes any one or a combination of at least two of the decoking agent's physical property parameters, addition time and addition position.

6. The dynamic decoking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the contamination coefficient C f Determine and grade the coking degree of the boiler heating area; When 0<C f When ≤4, it means that no obvious coking occurs on the current heating surface; When 4<C f When ≤6, it means that the current heating surface is slightly coked; When 6<C f When ≤8, it means that the current heating surface is severely coked; When C f When it is greater than 8, it indicates that the current heating surface is severely coked.

7. The dynamic decoking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation and determination of the amount of descorching agent added includes the following situations: (1) When the boiler heating area can be accurately measured, the amount of decoking agent added is calculated according to the following formula: Among them, Q i represents the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas, i∈{1,2,3,4}, 1 represents the main burner area, 2 represents the water-cooled wall area, 3 represents the partition screen area, and 4 represents the flame folding angle area; C i Indicates the degree of coking in different heated areas; A i The empirical constants representing different heating areas are A1, which is 6.02, A2, which is 2.87, A3, which is 2.35, and A4, which is 5.66; Indicates the copper ion concentration in the decoking agent, Indicates the nitrate ion concentration in the decoking agent; or (2) When the boiler heating area cannot be accurately measured, the amount of decoking agent added is graded according to different heating areas and coking degrees; When 0<C f When ≤4, no decoking agent needs to be added to the heating area of ​​the boiler, and decoking is carried out through load disturbance; When 4<C f When the temperature is ≤6, the amount of decoking agent added in the main burner area and the flame bending angle area is 22-27kg, and the amount of decoking agent added in other areas is 47-52kg; When 6<C f When the decoking agent is less than 8, the amount of decoking agent added in the flame bending angle area is 22-27kg, the amount of decoking agent added in the main burner area is 47-52kg, the amount of decoking agent added in the water-cooled wall area is 72-77kg, and the amount of decoking agent added in the partition screen area is 97-102kg; When C f When the temperature is higher than 8, the amount of decoking agent added in the main burner area and the flame folding angle area is 47-52kg, and the amount of decoking agent added in other areas is 97-102kg.

8. A dynamic decoking device for the heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler, characterized in that: The coal-fired unit boiler includes a coking monitoring and early warning unit and a decoking unit, and the device includes: A division and installation module is used to divide the heating area of ​​the boiler and install a decoking agent injection device according to the design parameters and operation data of the coal-fired unit boiler; The first determination module is used to determine the contamination coefficients of different heating areas of the boiler according to the coking detection and early warning calculation results of the boiler heating surface; The second calculation and determination module is used to calculate and determine the amount of decoking agent required for different heating areas of the boiler based on the contamination coefficient; The control module is used to control the spraying device to dynamically spray the decoking agent to different heating areas of the boiler based on the decoking agent basic data and the decoking agent addition amount data.

9. A coal-fired unit boiler, characterized in that: The coal-fired unit boiler comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the dynamic decoking method for the heating surface of a coal-fired unit boiler as described in any one of claims 1-7 when executed.

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