Rock material shearing performance testing device convenient to use

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rock material performance testing, and particularly discloses a convenient-to-use rock material shear performance testing device which comprises a control system, a testing box and a movable base, the testing box is located above the movable base, a stabilizing assembly and a shear applying assembly are arranged in the testing box, and a base is arranged in the testing box; an L-shaped supporting plate is arranged on the base, the L-shaped supporting plate is detachably connected with the shearing applying assembly, the stabilizing assembly is located on the upper portion of the testing box and comprises electric telescopic rods symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the testing box, and the telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods are detachably connected with pressing plates. According to the rock material shearing performance testing device convenient to use, the friction force between the supporting plate and the base is reduced in the testing process, the separable pressing plate with the corresponding shape and size can be conveniently replaced according to samples with different shapes and sizes in the shearing testing process of the rock material, the situation that pressure is applied to the whole test piece is avoided, and the testing efficiency is improved. The pure shear performance of the test piece can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock material performance testing, and in particular to a rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use. Background Art

[0002] Rock structural surfaces are common media in slope engineering, dam foundation engineering, and mining engineering. A large number of discontinuous surfaces inside the rock mass affect and determine the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass. Considering the huge investment in large-scale in-situ experiments, the current research on fractured rock mass mainly relies on indoor experimental research. It is an effective method to obtain the mechanical properties and failure laws of rock structural surfaces through indoor shear tests.

[0003] In the prior art, when rock materials are tested for shear properties, a traditional direct shear apparatus is generally used for lateral shearing. Usually, a certain pressure is applied to the upper part of the sample to stabilize the sample, and then a lateral thrust (shear force) is applied to the upper or lower part of the sample.

[0004] This method has the following defects: the pressure plate in the shear test of rock materials needs to be replaced for different specimen shapes and sizes, but the replacement of the pressure plate and the upper and lower shear boxes of the existing test instruments is not easy, and even only for specimens of one shape or size; the traditional direct shear method requires a certain amount of pressure to be applied to the upper part of the specimen to stabilize the specimen, otherwise the specimen is prone to migration and flipping under the action of lateral thrust (shear force), but due to the influence of the upper pressure, the measured result is not the pure shear performance of the rock body itself. Due to the friction between the rock specimen and the base, the measured shear strength is the sum of the actual shear strength of the rock specimen and the friction between the specimen and the base, so it is necessary to eliminate or reduce the friction between the specimen and the base. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-use rock material shear performance testing device with a simple structure and easy operation. The friction between the support plate and the base is reduced during the test. In the shear test of the rock material, a detachable pressure plate of corresponding shape and size can be conveniently replaced according to the specimens of different shapes and sizes, thereby avoiding the pressure on the specimen as a whole and obtaining the pure shear performance of the specimen.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an easy-to-use rock material shear performance testing device, including a control system, a test box, and a movable base. The test box is located above the movable base. A stabilizing component and a shear application component are provided in the test box. A base is provided inside the test box. An L-shaped support plate is provided on the base. The L-shaped support plate is detachably connected to the shear application component. The stabilizing component is located on the upper part of the test box. The stabilizing component includes an electric telescopic rod symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the test box, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is detachably connected to a pressure plate.

[0007] Preferably, the movable base is hollow inside and includes a screw rod, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a motor 1. The two ends of the screw rod are rotatably connected to the inner walls on the upper and lower sides of the base respectively. A first bevel gear is provided on the outside of the top of the screw rod, and a meshing second bevel gear is provided on the outside of the first bevel gear. The second bevel gear is connected to the output end of the motor 1 through a rotating shaft with one end passing through the side wall of the base. The motor 1 is located on the outside of the base.

[0008] Preferably, a threaded movable plate is provided on the outside of the screw rod, a plurality of evenly distributed universal wheels with brakes are provided at the bottom of the movable plate, both ends of the movable plate are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the base respectively, and a through hole is provided at the bottom of the movable base for the universal wheels to move.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure plate is in an inverted L shape, a slide groove is provided on the top of the pressure plate, a slide rod corresponding to the slide groove is provided inside the test box, both ends of the slide rod are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test box, the slide rod is located in the slide groove, and the side wall of the pressure plate is plugged into the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod.

[0010] Preferably, the side wall of the pressure plate is provided with an I-shaped plug, the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is provided with a vertical socket, the socket corresponds to the I-shaped plug, and the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plug are located outside the socket.

[0011] Preferably, the shear application assembly includes a shear power source, a pressure head, and a displacement sensor. The pressure head is connected to the shear power source. One end of the displacement sensor is fixed to the inner wall of the test box, and the other end is connected to the shear power source. One side of the pressure head is plugged into the side wall of the L-shaped support plate. An I-shaped plug block is provided on the side wall of the L-shaped support plate. The pressure head is provided with a vertical socket that cooperates with the plug block, and the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plug block are located outside the socket.

[0012] Preferably, a bidirectional screw rod is provided between the front and rear side walls of the test box, one end of the bidirectional screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the test box, and the other end thereof passes through the side wall of the test box and extends to the outside of the test box. One end of the bidirectional screw rod extending to the outside of the test box is provided with a motor 2 for controlling the rotation of the bidirectional screw rod, and the threads at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod are in opposite directions, and threaded auxiliary plates are respectively provided on the bidirectional screw rods with opposite threads at both ends.

[0013] Preferably, a fixed frame is provided inside the base, and a rotatably connected roller group is provided inside the fixed frame, the roller group includes a plurality of rollers arranged in parallel at equal intervals, a telescopic column is provided at the bottom of the fixed frame, and an opening for movement of the fixed frame is provided at the top of the base, and the size of the opening is smaller than that of the L-shaped support plate.

[0014] Preferably, the control system is electrically connected to the stabilizing assembly, the shear applying assembly and the movable base respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the test box is provided with a door panel, one side of the door panel is rotatably connected to the side wall of the test box, and the door panel is transparent.

[0016] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention using the above-mentioned easy-to-use rock material shear performance testing device are: The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. By arranging a roller group, the friction between the support plate and the base is reduced during the test. By arranging a detachable pressing plate, an electric telescopic rod and a telescopic roller group, the detachable pressing plate of the corresponding shape and size can be conveniently replaced according to the specimens of different shapes and sizes in the shear test of the rock material, thereby avoiding the application of pressure to the specimen as a whole and obtaining the pure shear performance of the specimen.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another state of a rock material shearing performance testing device that is easy to use according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side view of a rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a stable component in a rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use in the present invention; Figure 5 It is an exploded view of a pressing plate and an electric telescopic rod in a rock material shearing performance testing device that is easy to use according to the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a roller group in a rock material shearing performance testing device that is easy to use in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of an L-shaped support plate in a rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of another L-shaped support plate in a rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use in the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] 1. Slide rod; 2. Electric telescopic rod; 3. Test box; 4. Displacement sensor; 5. Shear power source; 6. Pressure head; 7. L-shaped support plate; 8. Roller group; 9. Motor 1; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Universal wheel; 12. Telescopic column; 13. Second bevel gear; 14. Screw rod; 15. First bevel gear; 16. Fixed frame; 17. Moving plate; 18. Base; 19. Base; 20. Auxiliary plate; 21. Rock material; 22. Press plate; 23. Slide groove; 24. Bidirectional screw rod; 25. Motor 2; 26. I-shaped plug block; 27. Socket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a rock material shear performance test device that is easy to use includes a control system, a test box 3, and a movable base 18. The test box 3 is provided with a door panel (not shown in the figure), one side of the door panel is rotatably connected to the side wall of the test box 3, and the door panel is transparently arranged to facilitate observation of the test situation inside the test box 3. The test box 3 is provided with a door panel through which the rock material 21 is placed. After the rock material 21 is placed, the door panel is closed, and the test box 3 becomes a closed box. The test is carried out in the closed test box 3 to avoid the rock material 21 from breaking during the test, causing the rock material 21 to splash and injure people. The test box 3 is located above the movable base 18, and a stabilizing component and a shearing application component are provided in the test box 3. The control system is electrically connected to the stabilizing component, the shearing application component, and the movable base 18 respectively. The control system (not shown in the figure) is responsible for controlling the working state of each working component in the adjustment device, and each working component in the device is electrically connected or signal-connected to the control system or connected by other means that can achieve control. The working principle and component composition of the control system are both prior art.

[0023] A base 19 is provided inside the test box 3, and an L-shaped support plate 7 is provided on the base 19. The rock material 21 to be tested is placed on the L-shaped support plate 7. The rock material 21 needs to be integrated into a columnar or cubic shape first, and the rock material 21 is placed on the L-shaped support plate 7, and one side of the rock material 21 is in close contact with the side wall surface of the L-shaped support plate 7. The L-shaped support plate 7 is detachably connected to the shear application component. The shear application component includes a shear power source 5, a pressure head 6, and a displacement sensor 4. The pressure head 6 is connected to the shear power source 5. One end of the displacement sensor 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the test box 3, and the other end is connected to the shear power source 5. One side of the pressure head 6 is plugged into the side wall of the L-shaped support plate 7. An I-shaped plug block 26 is provided on the side wall of the L-shaped support plate 7. The pressure head 6 is provided with a vertical socket 27 that matches the plug block, and the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plug block 26 are located outside the socket 27. The shear application component is located on the side wall surface of the test box 3, and the shear power source 5 is displaced laterally. The shearing power source 5 uses the lifting driving components of the prior art to drive the pressure head 6 to undergo lateral displacement.

[0024] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the socket 27 on the pressure head 6 is plugged into the vertical part of the I-shaped plug block 26 on the L-shaped support plate 7, and the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plug block 26 limit the L-shaped support plate 7 to prevent it from moving up and down. The pressure head 6 and the L-shaped support plate 7 are detachably connected, and the L-shaped support plate 7 can be replaced according to the shape and size of the rock material 21. The displacement sensor 4 is used to detect and feedback the lifting displacement data of the shear power source 5. A pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided between the pressure head 6 and the shear power source 5. The installation and connection method is the existing technology, which is used to sense pressure, so that the loading rate and loading force can be set by a computer.

[0025] The stabilizing component is located at the upper part of the test box 3. The stabilizing component includes an electric telescopic rod 2 symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the test box 3. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 2 is detachably connected to a pressing plate 22. The pressing plate 22 is in an inverted L shape. A slide groove 23 is arranged on the top of the pressing plate 22. A sliding rod 1 corresponding to the slide groove 23 is arranged inside the test box 3. Both ends of the sliding rod 1 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test box 3. The sliding rod 1 is located in the slide groove 23. The side wall of the pressing plate 22 is plugged into the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 2. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an I-shaped plug block 26 is provided on the side wall of the pressure plate 22 , and a vertical socket 27 is provided at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 2 . The socket 27 corresponds to the I-shaped plug block 26 , and the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plug block 26 are located outside the socket 27 .

[0026] The detachable connection between the pressing plate 22 and the electric telescopic rod 2 is convenient for rock materials 21 of different sizes and shapes. The pressing plate 22 can be replaced according to the shape and size of the rock material 21 being tested, which expands the use range of the device and is easy to use. The I-shaped plug and the vertical socket 27 are easy to disassemble and can limit the pressing plate 22, which is easy to use. Driven by the electric telescopic rod 2, the pressing plates 22 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stabilizing component are close to each other, thereby clamping the top of the rock material 21, playing a role in fixing the rock material 21, avoiding pressure from the top of the rock material 21, and affecting the shear force performance test results. The slide bar 1 and the slider cooperate to enable the pressing plates 22 to approach each other in the opposite direction, so that the support force applied by the pressing plates 22 on both sides is located on the same straight line, achieving a better fixing effect.

[0027] like Figure 6 As shown, a fixed frame 16 is provided inside the base 19, and a rotatably connected roller group 8 is provided inside the fixed frame 16. The roller group 8 includes a plurality of rollers arranged in parallel at equal intervals. A telescopic column 12 is provided at the bottom of the fixed frame 16, and an opening for the movement of the fixed frame 16 is provided at the top of the base 19, and the size of the opening is smaller than the size of the L-shaped support plate 7.

[0028] The fixed frame 16 drives the roller group 8 to extend or retract the base 19 through the opening of the base 19 under the action of the telescopic column 12, and lifts up the L-shaped support plate 7, so that the top of the rock material 21 is clamped by the stabilizing component, which is suitable for rock material 21 specimens of different sizes. The roller group 8 lifts up the L-shaped support plate 7, and when performing the shear force performance test, the roller reduces the friction between the support plate 7 and the base 19.

[0029] The movable base 18 is hollow inside and includes a screw rod 14, a first bevel gear 15, a second bevel gear 13, and a motor 9. The two ends of the screw rod 14 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the base 18 respectively. A first bevel gear 15 is provided on the outer side of the top of the screw rod 14, and a meshing second bevel gear 13 is provided on the outer side of the first bevel gear 15. The second bevel gear 13 is connected to the output end of the motor 9 through a rotating shaft 10 with one end passing through the side wall of the base 18. The motor 9 is located on the outer side of the base 18.

[0030] A threaded movable plate 17 is provided on the outside of the screw rod 14, and a plurality of evenly distributed universal wheels 11 with brakes are provided at the bottom of the movable plate 17. Both ends of the movable plate 17 are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the base 18 respectively, and a through hole is provided at the bottom of the movable base 18 for the universal wheels 11 to move.

[0031] The rotation of the motor 9 drives the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, drives the second bevel gear 13 to rotate, and then drives the first bevel gear 15 to rotate. Under the action of the first bevel gear 15, the screw rod 14 rotates, so that the lifting and lowering of the movable plate 17 can be adjusted, and the movable plate 17 drives the universal wheel 11 to extend and retract. When it is necessary to move, under the action of the motor 9, the movable plate 17 drives the universal wheel 11 to move downward until the universal wheel 11 contacts the ground and supports the entire device away from the ground to move. When it moves to the specified position, under the action of the motor 9, the movable plate 17 drives the universal wheel 11 to move upward until the bottom of the base 18 contacts the ground, and the universal wheel 11 retracts into the base 18.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, a bidirectional screw rod 24 is provided between the front and rear side walls of the test box 3, one end of the bidirectional screw rod 24 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the test box 3, and the other end thereof penetrates the side wall of the test box 3 and extends to the outside of the test box 3. One end of the bidirectional screw rod 24 extending to the outside of the test box 3 is provided with a second motor 25 for controlling the rotation of the bidirectional screw rod 24. The threads at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod 24 are in opposite directions, and the bidirectional screw rods 24 with opposite threads at both ends are respectively provided with threaded auxiliary plates 20. The setting of the bidirectional screw rod 24 does not affect the operation of the shear application assembly, and the rotation of the second motor 25 drives the bidirectional screw rod 24 to rotate, and the auxiliary plates 20 at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod 24 move toward or away from each other along the bidirectional screw rod 24 under the action of the threads. When the fixed frame 16 drives the roller group 8 to lift the L-shaped support plate 7 through the telescopic column 12, the auxiliary plate 20 moves towards the surface of the rock material 21 under the action of the bidirectional screw rod 24 until the inner surface of the auxiliary plate 20 slides in contact with the surface of the rock material 21, thereby improving the stability of the L-shaped support plate 7 during the lifting and moving process, and improving the stability of the rock material 21 when being moved.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, when in use, the door panel of the test box 3 is opened, and the integrated rock material 21 is placed on the L-shaped support plate 7, so that one side of the rock material 21 is in close contact with the inner wall of the L-shaped support plate 7, and the auxiliary plates 20 on the bidirectional screw rod 24 are adjusted to be located on both sides of the rock material 21, and in sliding contact with the side walls of the rock material 21, and the fixed frame 16 is moved upward by the telescopic column 12 (the telescopic column 12 is an electric telescopic column) inside the base 19 until the L-shaped support plate 7 is lifted up, driving the rock material 21 to move upward, and the pressing plate 22 is driven by the electric telescopic rod 2 to move in the direction close to the rock material 21, until the pressing plates 22 on both sides clamp the upper part of the rock material 21, and the upper surface of the top of the rock material 21 contacts the inner top wall of the inverted L-shaped pressing plate 22, at which time the telescopic column 12 stops moving, the roller group 8 contacts the bottom of the L-shaped support plate 7, and the shear power source 5 drives the pressure head 6 to apply shear force to the rock material 21, and the pressure and displacement are sensed by the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor 4, and the data are collected by the control system for statistical analysis.

[0034] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned easy-to-use rock material shear performance testing device, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It reduces the friction between the support plate and the base during the test. In the shear test of the rock material, the detachable pressure plate of the corresponding shape and size can be conveniently replaced according to the samples of different shapes and sizes, thereby avoiding the pressure on the entire specimen and obtaining the pure shear performance of the specimen.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use, characterized in that: It includes a control system, a test box, and a movable base. The test box is located above the movable base. A stabilizing component and a shear applying component are arranged inside the test box. A base is arranged inside the test box. An L-shaped support plate is arranged on the base. The L-shaped support plate is detachably connected to the shear applying component. The stabilizing component is located on the upper part of the test box. The stabilizing component includes an electric telescopic rod symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the test box. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is detachably connected with a pressure plate.

2. A rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable base is hollow inside and includes a screw rod, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a motor. The two ends of the screw rod are rotatably connected to the inner walls on the upper and lower sides of the base respectively. A first bevel gear is provided on the outside of the top of the screw rod, and a meshing second bevel gear is provided on the outside of the first bevel gear. The second bevel gear is connected to the output end of the motor through a rotating shaft with one end passing through the side wall of the base. The motor is located on the outside of the base.

3. A rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use according to claim 2, characterized in that: A threaded movable plate is provided on the outside of the screw rod, a plurality of evenly distributed universal wheels with brakes are provided at the bottom of the movable plate, two ends of the movable plate are respectively in sliding contact with the inner wall of the base, and a through hole for the universal wheel to move is provided at the bottom of the movable base.

4. A rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing plate is in an inverted L shape, with a slide groove on the top of the pressing plate, a sliding rod corresponding to the slide groove inside the test box, both ends of the sliding rod are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test box respectively, the sliding rod is located in the slide groove, and the side wall of the pressing plate is plugged into the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod.

5. A rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the pressure plate is provided with an I-shaped plug, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is provided with a vertical socket, the socket corresponds to the I-shaped plug, and the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plug are located outside the socket.

6. A rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shear application assembly includes a shear power source, a pressure head, and a displacement sensor. The pressure head is connected to the shear power source. One end of the displacement sensor is fixed to the inner wall of the test box, and the other end is connected to the shear power source. One side of the pressure head is plugged into the side wall of the L-shaped support plate. The side wall of the L-shaped support plate is provided with an I-shaped plug block. The pressure head is provided with a vertical socket that cooperates with the plug block. The upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plug block are located outside the socket.

7. A rock material shear performance testing device that is easy to use according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bidirectional screw rod is provided between the front and rear side walls of the test box, one end of the bidirectional screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the test box, and the other end thereof passes through the side wall of the test box and extends to the outside of the test box. One end of the bidirectional screw rod extending to the outside of the test box is provided with a motor 2 for controlling the rotation of the bidirectional screw rod, and the threads at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod are in opposite directions, and threaded auxiliary plates are respectively provided on the bidirectional screw rods with opposite threads at both ends.

8. The easy-to-use rock material shear performance testing device according to claim 1 is characterized by: A fixed frame is provided inside the base, and a rotatably connected roller group is provided inside the fixed frame. The roller group includes a plurality of rollers arranged in parallel at equal intervals. A telescopic column is provided at the bottom of the fixed frame, and an opening for the movement of the fixed frame is provided at the top of the base, and the size of the opening is smaller than that of the L-shaped support plate.

9. The easy-to-use rock material shear performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system is electrically connected to the stabilizing component, the shear applying component and the movable base respectively.

10. The easy-to-use rock material shear performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test box is provided with a door panel, one side of the door panel is rotatably connected to the side wall of the test box, and the door panel is transparent.

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