Automatic containerization equipment for nursery stocks

Abstract

The invention discloses automatic seedling containerization equipment, and belongs to the technical field of seedling containerization. The device comprises a seedling culture bag matrix quantitative filling device and a seedling planting spraying device; the seedling culture bag matrix quantitative filling device comprises a matrix lifting mechanism, a matrix discharging mechanism and a matrix bagging mechanism, the matrix bagging mechanism comprises a rotating disc assembly, a plurality of bag opening assemblies and a bag taking and opening assembly, and the bag taking and opening assembly comprises a bag opening air cylinder, a bag taking air cylinder, a needle type suction cup, a rotating air cylinder and a bag groove, the seedling planting spraying device comprises a planting spraying rack, a conveying mechanism arranged on the planting spraying rack, a planting mechanism and a spraying mechanism, the planting mechanism and the spraying mechanism are sequentially arranged on the rack in the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, and the planting mechanism comprises a planting lifting assembly and a seedling planting assembly arranged at the lifting end of the planting lifting assembly. The seedling planting assembly comprises two semi-conical hoppers and a seedling planting driving structure for driving the two semi-conical hoppers to be opened and closed mutually. The whole efficiency of seedling containerization work can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seedling containerization, and in particular to automatic seedling containerization equipment. Background Art

[0002] The containerization of seedlings generally requires first filling the seedling medium into a seedling bag or seedling cup, and then inserting the seedlings into the medium. The current seedling containerization equipment has the problem of low efficiency, which is specifically manifested in the following two aspects: For the matrix filling work, in addition to the seedling cup, the seedling bag will also be used. The seedling bag is generally made of non-woven fabric. Because of its light material and good air permeability, it is particularly suitable for outdoor or large-scale seedling needs. However, the seedling bag does not have a stiff opening structure like the seedling cup. It generally needs to be opened manually and put on the filling equipment before the matrix can be filled, which is time-consuming and laborious. In the prior art, the invention patent application with application number 201710586415.5 discloses a seedling matrix pot filling machine and its working method. When in use, it is necessary to manually put the matrix container bag on the octopus expander, and use the foot pedal to prop up the matrix container bag, and then start the equipment to fill the matrix, and the overall work efficiency is low.

[0003] Regarding seedling planting, for example, the Chinese invention patent application with application number 202211528941.3 discloses a fully automatic seedling planting production line production equipment, which requires first punching a hole in the seedling cup or seedling bag, and then inserting the seedling into the hole, that is, at least two actions are required to complete the seedling planting, and the efficiency is relatively low.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology has the problem of low efficiency for both the substrate filling work and the seedling planting work, and in a complete set of seedling containerization equipment, the efficiency of the substrate filling work and the seedling planting work need to be adapted to each other. To this end, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of the substrate filling work and the seedling planting work at the same time, so as to effectively improve the work efficiency of the whole set of seedling containerization equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide an automatic seedling containerization device, which can effectively improve the overall efficiency of seedling containerization work.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A seedling automatic containerization device, comprising a seedling bag matrix quantitative filling device, and a seedling planting spraying device arranged at the discharge end of the seedling bag matrix quantitative filling device; The quantitative filling device for the substrate of the seedling bag comprises a substrate lifting mechanism, a substrate unloading mechanism arranged below the discharge end of the substrate lifting mechanism, and a substrate bag feeding mechanism arranged below the substrate unloading mechanism. The substrate bag feeding mechanism comprises a turntable assembly, a plurality of bag-supporting assemblies evenly distributed on the turntable assembly, and a bag-taking and opening assembly arranged oppositely below one of the bag-supporting assemblies. The bag-taking and opening assembly comprises a bag-opening cylinder and a bag-taking cylinder arranged oppositely, a needle suction cup arranged at the output ends of the bag-opening cylinder and the bag-taking cylinder, a rotating cylinder whose output end is connected to the bag-taking cylinder, and a bag groove arranged below the bag-taking cylinder. The seedling planting spray device includes a planting spray frame, a conveying mechanism arranged on the planting spray frame, a planting mechanism and a spray mechanism arranged on the frame in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, the planting mechanism includes a planting lifting assembly, a seedling planting assembly arranged at the lifting end of the planting lifting assembly, the seedling planting assembly includes two semi-conical buckets, and a seedling planting drive structure that drives the two semi-conical buckets to open and close each other.

[0007] Preferably, the turntable assembly includes an upper turntable, a lower turntable, a connecting column connecting the centers of the upper and lower turntables, and a turntable motor driving the connecting column, and material holes are provided at corresponding positions of the upper turntable and the lower turntable; the bag supporting assembly is arranged below the upper turntable, and a seedling bag retaining ring is provided on the lower turntable at the material hole, and the seedling bag retaining ring is opened on one side close to the bag taking cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the bag-stretching assembly includes a mounting plate, a lifting cylinder and a lifting guide rod connecting the mounting plate and the turntable assembly, a plurality of bag-stretching cylinders arranged below the mounting plate, and a bag-stretching rod arranged at the output end of the bag-stretching cylinder, and the output ends of the plurality of bag-stretching cylinders are facing the middle of the mounting plate.

[0009] Preferably, a bag holding electric cylinder is provided below the bag groove, and a bag holding plate is provided at the output end of the bag holding electric cylinder, and the bag holding plate extends upward into the bag groove.

[0010] Preferably, the matrix feeding mechanism includes a receiving hopper, a quantitative pushing assembly arranged below the receiving hopper, a second material baffle plate arranged below the quantitative pushing assembly, and a feeding barrel arranged below the second material baffle plate; a second feeding hole is provided on the second material baffle plate at the connection to the feeding barrel, and the second feeding hole is staggered with the discharge end position of the receiving hopper; the quantitative pushing assembly includes a pushing cylinder, a first material baffle plate arranged at the output end of the pushing cylinder, and a quantitative feeding barrel arranged below the first material baffle plate, a first feeding hole is provided on the first material baffle plate at the connection to the quantitative feeding barrel, the first material baffle plate is slidably matched with the lower end of the receiving hopper, and the lower end of the quantitative feeding barrel is slidably matched with the second material baffle plate.

[0011] Preferably, the discharge barrel is slidably connected to a telescopic barrel outside, and the telescopic barrel is driven by a telescopic cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the seedling planting assembly includes a seedling planting frame, the thicker ends of the two semi-conical buckets are rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame, and the seedling planting drive structure drives the two semi-conical buckets to rotate so that the thinner ends of the two semi-conical buckets open and close with each other.

[0013] Preferably, the seedling planting drive structure includes two seedling planting cylinders which respectively drive one of the semi-conical buckets, and both ends of the seedling planting cylinders are rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame and the semi-conical bucket respectively; a driving block is provided on the outer surface of the thicker end of the semi-conical bucket, the driving block is rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame, a driving arm is provided on the driving block, and the driving arm is rotatably connected to the seedling planting cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a driving block is provided on the outer side surface of the thicker end of the semi-conical bucket, the driving block is rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame, a driving arm is provided on the driving block, and the driving arm is rotatably connected to the seedling planting cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting chamfer is provided on the thicker end of at least one of the semi-conical buckets and on at least one of the driving blocks to limit the upward rotation range of the two semi-conical buckets.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are: 1. This equipment can automatically complete the bag taking, bag opening and opening of the seedling bag, efficiently complete the quantitative filling of the matrix, and reduce the labor intensity of the staff; 2. This equipment can quantitatively fill each seedling bag with matrix, avoiding waste and splashing of matrix and ensuring the hygiene of the working environment; 3. This equipment can complete the planting of seedlings in one continuous action, effectively improving work efficiency; 4. At the same time, the work efficiency of substrate filling and seedling planting is improved, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of the entire seedling containerization work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic containerization equipment for seedlings provided in the embodiments of this specification; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a quantitative filling device for a seedling bag matrix provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a substrate lifting mechanism provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a substrate feed box provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the belt provided in the embodiment of this specification; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate feeding mechanism provided in the embodiment of this specification; Figure 7A schematic diagram of the structure of a quantitative pushing assembly provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate bagging mechanism provided in the embodiments of this specification; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the bag opening assembly provided in the embodiment of this specification; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the turntable assembly provided in the embodiment of this specification; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the bag support assembly provided in the embodiment of this specification: Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a seedling planting spraying device provided in an embodiment of this specification; Fig.13 for Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the implantation mechanism provided in the embodiment of this specification; Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the structure of the spray mechanism provided in the embodiment of this specification; In the figure: 11-matrix lifting mechanism; 11-support frame; 112-belt conveyor; 1121-belt; 1122-matrix pushing plate; 113-matrix feeding box; 1131-elastic baffle; 114-material box limiting frame; 115-matrix discharging hopper; 12-matrix feeding mechanism; 121-feeding frame; 122-receiving hopper; 123-second baffle plate; 1231-second feeding hole; 1232-guide groove; 124-feeding barrel; 1251-pushing cylinder; 1252-first baffle plate; 12521-first feeding hole; 1253-quantitative barrel; 1254-guide plate; 1255-reinforced connecting rod; 1261-telescopic barrel; 1262-telescopic cylinder; 1263-driving plate; 1264-telescopic guide rod; 127-rotational level switch; 13-matrix bag feeding mechanism; 1301-seedling bag receiving position; 1302-empty position; 1303-matrix filling position; 1321-bag opening cylinder; 1322-bag taking cylinder; 1323-needle suction cup; 1324-rotating cylinder; 1325-bag slot; 1326-bag holding electric cylinder; 1327-bag holding plate; 1331-upper turntable; 1332-lower turntable; 13301-material hole; 13302-weight-reducing hole; 1333-connecting column; 1334-turntable motor; 1335-seedling bag retaining ring; 1341-mounting plate; 1342-lifting cylinder; 1343-lifting guide rod; 1344-bag-supporting cylinder; 1345-bag-supporting rod; 13451-introduction slope; 1346-connecting plate; 13461-chamfering structure; 1347-sliding block; 1348-slide rail; 21-planting spraying machine frame; 211-blocking rod; 212-connecting rod; 213-connecting piece; 22- conveying mechanism; 221- conveyor belt; 222- partition plate; 23-planting mechanism; 231-semi-conical bucket; 2311-limit chamfer; 232-planting frame; 233-planting cylinder; 234-driving block; 235-driving arm; 236-seedling hopper; 237-planting mounting frame; 238-planting lifting cylinder; 239-planting lifting guide rod; 2301-planting photoelectric sensor; 24-spray mechanism; 241-spray box; 242-spray head; 2401-spray photoelectric sensor; 25-material receiving mechanism; 251-material receiving lifting cylinder; 252-material receiving plate; 2521-partition plate avoidance opening; 2522-material receiving plate weight reduction hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic seedling containerization device, including a seedling bag matrix quantitative filling device 1, and a seedling planting spray device 2 arranged below the discharge end of the seedling bag matrix quantitative filling device 1. The seedling bag matrix quantitative filling device 1 automatically completes the matrix filling work of the seedling bag, and outputs the filled seedling bag to the seedling planting spray device, and the seedling planting spray device 2 inserts the seedling into the matrix of the seedling bag and sprays water. Among them, the seedling bag targeted in this embodiment is specifically a non-woven seedling bag, hereinafter referred to as a seedling bag.

[0020] like Figure 2-11 The structure diagram of the quantitative filling device of the seedling bag matrix is ​​shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown, the matrix filling of the seedling bag includes a matrix lifting mechanism 11, a matrix unloading mechanism 12 arranged below the discharge end of the matrix lifting mechanism 11, and a matrix bag-entering mechanism 13 arranged below the matrix unloading mechanism 12. Among them, the matrix lifting mechanism 11 is used to transport the matrix from a low place to a high place, so that the matrix can pass through the matrix unloading mechanism 12 and the matrix bag-entering mechanism 13 in sequence under the action of its own gravity to automatically complete the filling. The matrix unloading mechanism 12 is mainly used to control the unloading amount of the matrix and accurately introduce the matrix into the seedling bag. The matrix bag-entering mechanism 13 is responsible for completing the bag taking, bag opening and stretching actions of the seedling bag to ensure that the seedling bag can stably receive the set amount of matrix. The specific structure and working principle of the above three parts are introduced in detail below.

[0021] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the matrix lifting mechanism 11 includes a support frame 111 and a belt conveyor 112 installed on the support frame 111. The belt conveyor 112 is inclined and the conveying direction is from a low place to a high place, so as to convey the matrix to a high place. In order to facilitate the feeding of the matrix to the belt conveyor 112, a matrix feeding box 113 is arranged above the lower part of the belt conveyor 112, so that more matrix can be fed into the matrix feeding box 113 and gradually and orderly conveyed to a high place through the belt conveyor 112. Specifically, a material box limiting frame 114 is installed on the belt conveyor 112 at the upstream and downstream ends of the matrix feeding box 113, which is used to install and fix the matrix feeding box 113 to prevent the matrix feeding box from pressing on the belt 1121 of the belt conveyor 112 and affecting its normal conveying. Therefore, there is a certain gap between the bottom surface of the matrix feeding box 113 and the belt 1121. However, in order to prevent the matrix from falling downstream from the gap, an elastic baffle 1131 is provided at the downstream end of the matrix feed box 113. The elastic baffle 1131 can be made of plastic or rubber materials, so as to prevent the matrix from falling without affecting the normal conveying of the belt. In order to ensure the efficiency and stability of the belt conveying matrix, a plurality of matrix push plates 1122 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the belt 1121 to ensure the matrix carrying capacity on the belt. At the same time, the elastic baffle 1131 will not affect the normal passage of the matrix push plate 1122. Finally, in order to make the matrix output from the higher position of the belt conveyor more concentrated so as to facilitate the reception of the matrix unloading mechanism 12 below, a matrix discharge hopper 115 is installed below the higher position of the belt conveyor 112. Thus, only a sufficient amount of matrix needs to be fed into the matrix feed box by manual or other conveying equipment, and the matrix lifting mechanism can automatically and orderly transport the matrix stably from the lower position to the higher position, and feed it from the higher position into the matrix unloading mechanism 12 below.

[0022] like Figure 6 and 7As shown, the matrix unloading mechanism 12 includes an unloading frame 121, a receiving hopper 122 disposed on the upper part of the unloading frame 121, a quantitative material pushing assembly disposed below the receiving hopper 122, a second material blocking plate 123 disposed below the quantitative material pushing assembly, and a unloading barrel 124 disposed below the second material blocking plate 123. Among them, a second unloading hole 1231 is disposed on the second material blocking plate 123 at the connection to the unloading barrel 124, and the second unloading hole 1231 and the discharge end of the receiving hopper 122 are interlaced with each other. The quantitative pushing assembly includes a pushing cylinder 1251, a first material baffle plate 1252 arranged at the output end of the pushing cylinder 151, and a quantitative material barrel 1253 arranged below the first material baffle plate 1252. The first material baffle plate 1252 is provided with a first discharge hole 12521 at the connection with the quantitative material barrel 1253. The first material baffle plate 1252 is slidably matched with the lower end of the receiving hopper 122, and the lower end of the quantitative material barrel 1253 is slidably matched with the second material baffle plate 123, and the upper and lower ends of the quantitative material barrel 1253 are both open. In this way, since the second discharge hole 1231 and the discharge end of the receiving hopper 122 are staggered with each other, when the upper end of the quantitative barrel 1253, that is, the first discharge hole 12521, is aligned with the discharge end of the receiving hopper 122, the lower end of the quantitative barrel 1253 abuts against the second material baffle plate 123. When the quantitative barrel 1253 is full of matrix, it moves toward the second discharge hole 1231 driven by the pushing cylinder 1251. During this process, the upper end of the quantitative barrel 1253 and the discharge end of the receiving hopper 122 are gradually misaligned, that is, the discharge end of the receiving hopper 122 will gradually abut against the first material baffle plate 1252 to block the discharge of the matrix; at the same time, the lower end of the quantitative barrel 1253 is gradually aligned with the second discharge hole 1231, that is, the matrix in the quantitative barrel 1253 can be discharged downward from the second discharge hole 1231 and the discharge barrel 124. Subsequently, the push cylinder 1251 drives the quantitative barrel 1253 to reset, and the lower end of the quantitative barrel 1253 is blocked by the second baffle plate 123 again, and the upper end is realigned with the discharge end of the receiving hopper 122, so that the matrix in the receiving hopper 122 can automatically fall into the quantitative barrel 1253, and the quantitative unloading action can be carried out in an orderly manner without the need for other switch structures. Thus, the volume of the quantitative barrel 1253 determines the amount of matrix poured into each seedling bag, and the quantitative barrel of the required volume can be selected according to the needs. The matrix unloading mechanism effectively realizes the quantitative filling of the matrix through the design of the mechanical structure, avoids the more complicated means such as sensor weighing used in the prior art, and has higher overall work efficiency.

[0023] In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of the moving position of the quantitative barrel 1253, thereby ensuring the efficiency of receiving and releasing the matrix, guide plates 1254 are connected to the opposite sides of the first baffle plate 1252, and multiple reinforcing connecting rods 1255 are connected between the two guide plates 1254. The second baffle plate 123 is provided with a guide groove 1232 that cooperates with the guide plate 1254. The movement of the guide plate along the guide groove can effectively ensure the accuracy of the moving position of the quantitative barrel.

[0024] Since the substrate bagging mechanism 13 below the substrate unloading mechanism 12 has a structure with multiple rotating stations, the unloading barrel 124 cannot be extended into the substrate bagging mechanism 13 all the time. If the unloading barrel 124 is always in a suspended state, the substrate cannot be accurately delivered into the seedling bag, which will inevitably cause problems such as substrate splashing. Therefore, a telescopic barrel 1261 is slidably connected to the outside of the unloading barrel 124. The telescopic barrel 1261 is driven to extend and retract by a telescopic cylinder 1262. That is, when the substrate needs to be poured into the seedling bag, the telescopic barrel 1261 extends downward into the seedling bag. After the filling is completed, the telescopic barrel 1261 is reset upward to avoid affecting the station rotation switching of the substrate bagging mechanism 13. Specifically, a driving plate 1263 is provided on the telescopic cylinder 1261, and two telescopic guide rods 1264 are provided between the driving plate 1263 and the second material blocking plate 123 above it to ensure the stability of the telescopic action of the telescopic cylinder, and the telescopic cylinder 1262 is provided between the unloading frame 121 and the driving plate 1263.

[0025] In order to effectively control the substrate mass in the receiving hopper 122 and avoid excessive overflow of the substrate, a rotary resistance level switch 127 is provided in the receiving hopper 122, and the signal output end of the rotary resistance level switch 127 is connected to the controller of the belt conveyor 112. When the substrate in the receiving hopper 122 submerges the rotary resistance level switch 127, the rotary resistance level switch 127 can generate a corresponding signal, which is output to the controller of the belt conveyor 112 to control the belt conveyor to suspend feeding; when the substrate in the receiving hopper 122 is lower than the rotary resistance level switch 127, a corresponding signal is generated to make the belt conveyor feed again. In this way, the appropriate substrate mass in the receiving hopper 122 can be stably maintained, which ensures sufficient supply of the substrate and avoids excessive overflow of the substrate.

[0026] like Figure 8-11As shown, the matrix bag-feeding mechanism 13 includes a bag-feeding frame, a turntable assembly arranged on the bag-feeding frame, three groups of bag-supporting assemblies evenly distributed on the turntable assembly, and a bag-taking and opening assembly arranged opposite to each other below one of the groups of bag-supporting assemblies. The bag-taking and opening assembly includes a bag-opening cylinder 1321 and a bag-taking cylinder 1322 arranged opposite to each other, a needle suction cup 1323 arranged at the output ends of the bag-opening cylinder 1321 and the bag-taking cylinder 1322, a rotating cylinder 1324 whose output end is connected to the bag-taking cylinder 1322, and a rotating cylinder 1325 arranged at the bag-taking cylinder 1326. The bag slot 1325 below the bag cylinder 1322, wherein the bag feeding frame is mainly composed of an external frame and an internal bracket, the structure is relatively conventional and is not shown in the figure, the bag opening cylinder 1321 and the rotating cylinder 1324 are both installed on the frame through horizontal steel pipes, and because the bag taking cylinder 1322 needs to complete the action of taking bags from the outside, the bag taking cylinder 1322 and the rotating cylinder 1324 are located on the outside of the turntable assembly, while the bag opening cylinder 1321 is located on the inside of the turntable assembly. The matrix bag-entering mechanism realizes automatic bag taking and bag opening of the seedling bag mainly by setting a bag taking and opening component, and its working principle is as follows: first, driven by the rotating cylinder 1324, the needle suction cup at the output end of the bag taking cylinder 1322 faces downward, and then the bag taking cylinder 1322 extends to make the needle suction cup at its output end contact with the seedling bag in the bag groove 1325, and absorbs a seedling bag through the needle suction cup, and then the bag taking cylinder 1322 resets upward to avoid interference with the bag groove 1325 during rotation; then the rotating cylinder 1324 resets to make the output end of the bag taking cylinder 1322 face the output end of the bag opening cylinder 1321 again, and then the bag taking cylinder 1322 and the bag opening cylinder 1321 move toward each other successively or simultaneously, so that the needle suction cup at the output end of the bag opening cylinder 1321 contacts and absorbs the other side of the seedling bag; then the bag opening cylinder 1321 contracts and resets to open the seedling bag.

[0027] Since the extension length of the bag taking cylinder 1322 is limited, when the seedling bag in the bag slot 1325 is gradually taken away, its height will drop, so that the bag taking cylinder 1322 will not be able to reach the seedling bag. Therefore, a bag holding electric cylinder 1326 is provided below the bag slot 1325, and a bag holding plate 1327 is provided at the output end of the bag holding electric cylinder 1326. The bag holding plate 1327 extends upward into the bag slot 1325, that is, the bag holding plate 1327 serves as the bottom surface of the bag slot 1325. When the height of the seedling bag is reduced, the bag holding plate 1327 is lifted by the lifting action of the bag holding electric cylinder 1326 to ensure that the topmost seedling bag is within the telescopic range of the bag taking cylinder 1322. Generally, the height position of the seedling bag can be monitored by a photoelectric sensor, and the corresponding signal is fed back to the controller of the bag holding electric cylinder 1326 to achieve automatic control. In addition, in order to facilitate the addition of seedling bags, one side of the bag groove 1325 is open, and the corresponding bag-entering frame is also open at this location, so as to facilitate the addition of seedling bags into the bag groove 1325 from the side.

[0028] Three groups of bag-supporting assemblies are arranged on the turntable assembly, so that the first group of bag-supporting assemblies can be in the seedling bag receiving position 1301, while the second group of bag-supporting assemblies can support the seedling bag in the empty position 1302, and the third group of bag-supporting assemblies can support the seedling bag in the matrix filling position 1303; then the first group of bag-supporting assemblies are transferred to the empty position 1302, while the second group of bag-supporting assemblies are transferred to the matrix filling position 1303, and the third group of bag-supporting assemblies are transferred to the seedling bag receiving position 1301, and this cycle can realize uninterrupted matrix filling work and improve work efficiency. Among them, the unloading barrel 124 is located above the matrix filling position 1303, and the bag-opening assembly is located below the seedling bag receiving position 1301. Although two workstations can also realize the above functions, the angle required for the two workstations to rotate each time is large, and the efficiency will be relatively reduced.

[0029] Specifically, the turntable assembly includes an upper turntable 1331, a lower turntable 1332, a connecting column 1333 connecting the centers of the upper and lower turntables, and a turntable motor 1334 driving the connecting column 1333. A material hole 13301 is provided at the corresponding position of the upper turntable 1331 and the lower turntable 1332. The lower side of the upper turntable 1331 is used to set a bag support assembly. The material hole on the upper turntable 1331 is used for the downward extension of the telescopic cylinder 1261, and the material hole on the lower turntable 1332 is used for the downward output of the filled seedling bag. Specifically, in order to prevent the seedling bag from colliding with the edge of the material hole on the lower turntable 1332, a seedling bag retaining ring 1335 is provided at the material hole of the lower turntable 1332 to guide the falling of the seedling bag. At the same time, in order to facilitate the seedling bag to be sent into the seedling bag retaining ring 1335 by the bag taking cylinder 1322, the seedling bag retaining ring 1335 is opened on one side close to the bag taking cylinder 1322. In addition, the connecting column 1333 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat on the bag feeding frame by setting a central axis, and the central axis extends below the bearing seat. The turntable motor 1334 is set below the bag feeding frame at the bearing seat, and the output end is connected to the central axis through a coupling. In order to reduce the weight of the equipment, the upper turntable 1331 and the lower turntable 1332 are both lightweight. Except for the part where the material hole and the bag support assembly are set, the area of ​​other parts is minimized as much as possible. At the same time, a number of weight reduction holes 13302 are set to take into account both lightweight and structural strength.

[0030] The bag-supporting assembly includes a mounting plate 1341, a lifting cylinder 1342 and a lifting guide rod 1343 connecting the mounting plate 1341 and the upper turntable 1331, four bag-supporting cylinders 1344 arranged below the mounting plate 1341, and a bag-supporting rod 1345 arranged vertically downward at the output end of the bag-supporting cylinder 1344, and the output ends of the four bag-supporting cylinders 1344 face the middle of the mounting plate 1341. The lifting cylinder 1342 and the lifting guide rod 1343 each have two relatively arranged ones to ensure the stability of the lifting action of the mounting plate and the components below it. The working principle of the bag support assembly is as follows: first, the four bag support cylinders 1344 are all in an extended state, that is, the four bag support rods 1345 are in a state of being close to each other. When the seedling bag below is opened by the bag opening cylinder 1321, the lifting cylinder 1342 drives the entire mounting plate 1341 to move downward, and the four close bag support rods 1345 are inserted downward into the seedling bag. Then, the four bag support cylinders 1344 contract to drive the four bag support rods 1345 to disperse synchronously, thereby opening the seedling bag, and relying on the friction between the bag support rods 1345 and the seedling bag, the seedling bag is stably covered on the four bag support rods 1345. When the seedling bag is filled with the matrix, the four bag support rods 1345 are pulled out and reset, and the seedling bag falls under the action of the gravity of the matrix. The bag support assembly adopts four bag support rods 1345 to realize the opening action of the seedling bag, which ensures the limit of opening to ensure the amount of substrate received, avoids setting too many bag support cylinders, and takes into account lightweight.

[0031] Specifically, since a certain pressure is required between the bag-supporting rod 1345 and the seedling bag, in order to ensure the stability of the position and movement of the bag-supporting rod 1345, a connecting plate 1346 is provided at the output end of the bag-supporting cylinder 1344, and the bag-supporting rod 1345 is vertically connected to the lower end of the connecting plate 1346. A slider 1347 is provided on the connecting plate 1346, and a slide rail 1348 is provided on the lower side of the mounting plate 1341, and the slider 1347 cooperates with the slide rail 1348. In addition, in order to allow the four bag-supporting rods 1345 to be as close as possible to facilitate smooth insertion into the seedling bag, one end of the connecting plate 1346 for setting the bag-supporting rods has a chamfered structure 13461, so that the four connecting plates can be as close as possible. At the same time, an introduction slope 13451 is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the bag-supporting rod 1345 to further ensure that the bag-supporting rod can be smoothly inserted into the seedling bag.

[0032] In summary, the working principle of the device is as follows: the substrate is fed into the substrate feed box 113 manually or by other conveying equipment, the belt conveyor 112 gradually transports the substrate in the substrate feed box 113 upward, and the substrate is continuously transported to the receiving hopper 122 through the substrate discharge hopper 115. The quantitative barrel 1253 below the receiving hopper 122 is first aligned with the lower end of the receiving hopper 122 to fill the substrate. When an empty seedling bag is opened at the matrix filling position 1303 below the lower barrel 124, the telescopic cylinder 1261 passes downward through the upper turntable 1331 and extends into the seedling bag; then the quantitative barrel 1253 is pushed to the second discharge hole 1231 by the pushing cylinder 1251, and the matrix in the quantitative barrel 1253 is poured into the seedling bag through the lower barrel 124 and the telescopic cylinder 1261, and then the quantitative barrel 1253 is reset to receive the next barrel of matrix; at the same time, the bag-holding rod that holds the seedling bag open is pulled out upward and reset, and the filled seedling bag enters the seedling planting spraying device downward. Then the turntable rotates one station, the bag-opening assembly that has just released the seedling bag moves to the seedling bag receiving position 1301, the bag-opening assembly that has just opened a seedling bag on the seedling bag receiving position 1301 moves to the empty position 201, and the bag-opening assembly that has opened a seedling bag on the empty position 1302 moves to the matrix filling position 1303, and the above actions are repeated to efficiently complete the automatic filling of the matrix of the seedling bag. The action principle of the bag-opening assembly is as described above, which is responsible for taking the seedling bag out of the bag slot, sending it to the bottom of the bag-opening assembly at the seedling bag receiving position, and initially opening it, which will not be described in detail here.

[0033] like Figure 12-15 The structure diagram of the seedling planting spraying device is shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown, the seedling planting spraying device includes a planting spraying frame 21, a conveying mechanism 22 arranged on the planting spraying frame, and a planting mechanism 23 and a spraying mechanism 24 arranged on the planting spraying frame 21 in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 22. The device transports the seedling bag filled with the matrix along the conveying mechanism, passes through the planting mechanism 23 and the spraying mechanism 24 in sequence, so as to plant the seedlings in the seedling bag and spray them, thereby realizing the automation of the seedling planting spraying work. The specific structure and working principle of each mechanism are introduced in detail below.

[0034] like Fig.13 As shown, the conveying mechanism 22 mainly adopts a belt conveyor, and a plurality of partition plates 222 are evenly arranged on the conveyor belt 221 of the belt conveyor along its conveying direction. A seedling bag can be placed between adjacent partition plates 222 to ensure the distance stability between adjacent seedling bags to avoid mutual influence; especially for seedling bags with insufficient structure, the partition plates 222 can also effectively maintain the upright state of the seedling bags to prevent tipping over.

[0035] In order to ensure that the seedling bag can accurately cooperate with the planting mechanism 23 and the spraying mechanism 24, the planting spraying frame 21 is provided with blocking rods 211 on both sides of the opposite sides, and the blocking rods 211 extend above the conveyor belt 221 to limit the left and right positions of the seedling bag, thereby ensuring that the center position of the seedling bag can be aligned with the output end of the planting mechanism 23 and the spraying mechanism 24, and the quality of the planting spraying is guaranteed. Correspondingly, the two blocking rods 211 also play a certain role in maintaining the upright state of the seedling bag. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the baffle rod 211, an adjustment component is provided between the baffle rod 211 and the planting spray rack 21, including a connecting rod 212 and a connecting plate 213. The connecting plate 213 is fixedly connected to the baffle rod 211, and the two ends of the connecting rod 212 are rotatably connected to the connecting plate 213 and the planting spray rack 21 respectively, so that the distance that the baffle rod 211 extends to the middle of the conveyor belt 221 can be adjusted by rotating the connecting rod 212, so as to provide a limiting effect while avoiding affecting the normal transportation of the seedling bags.

[0036] Since the conveyor belt 221 is provided with a partition plate 222, it is not convenient to receive the seedling bag from the horizontal direction. At the same time, since the seedling bag matrix quantitative filling device 1 discharges the filled seedling bag from top to bottom, the device adopts a method of receiving the seedling bag from top to bottom. If the seedling bag is allowed to fall from above, it will inevitably cause the seedling matrix to splash. For this reason, a material receiving mechanism 25 is provided at the feeding end of the transplanting spraying frame 21. The material receiving mechanism 25 includes a material receiving lifting cylinder 251 disposed upward at the output end, and a material receiving plate 252 disposed at the output end of the material receiving lifting cylinder 251. The material receiving plate 252 is provided with a partition plate avoidance port 2521. When working, the material receiving lifting cylinder 251 first lifts the material receiving plate 252 to stably receive a seedling bag. At this time, the conveyor belt 221 below moves forward one position. Since the material receiving plate 252 is suspended, it will not interfere with the dividing plate 222; then the material receiving plate 252 is reset downward, and the two dividing plates on the conveyor belt 221 pass through the dividing plate avoidance opening 2521 on the material receiving plate 252 and are respectively located at the front and back sides of the seedling bag; then the conveyor belt 221 continues to move forward one position, and the seedling bag is pushed out of the material receiving plate 252 to the conveyor belt 221 by the dividing plate 222, and then the material receiving plate 252 is lifted again to receive the next seedling bag, and then the conveyor belt 221 moves forward one position again, and the next dividing plate 222 is transferred to the bottom of the material receiving plate 252; repeating the above actions can realize the orderly reception of the seedling bags from top to bottom, avoiding the problem of seedling substrate splashing caused by the seedling bags falling from a high place. In addition, in order to reduce the supporting pressure of the material receiving lifting cylinder 251, a plurality of material receiving plate weight reduction holes 2522 are provided on the material receiving plate 252.

[0037] like Fig.14As shown, the planting mechanism 23 includes a planting lifting assembly, a seedling planting assembly arranged at the lifting end of the planting lifting assembly, and the seedling planting assembly includes two semi-conical buckets 231 and a seedling planting driving structure for driving the two semi-conical buckets 231 to open and close each other. The overall working principle of the planting mechanism is: the seedlings are placed in the conical bucket formed by the two semi-conical buckets 231 fitting together, and the tip of the conical bucket is used to insert downward into the matrix of the seedling bag under the drive of the lifting assembly, and then the two semi-conical buckets 231 are separated and reset upward, and the seedlings are left in the matrix, completing the seedling planting action.

[0038] Due to the structure of the semi-conical bucket 231 being thick at the top and thin at the bottom, if the seedlings are planted in a manner of separating the two semi-conical buckets horizontally, when the thinner lower end is separated to a width sufficient for the release of the seedlings, the thicker upper part will prop up a larger hole in the matrix, and the planted seedlings are prone to tilt or fall over. For this reason, the seedling planting assembly includes a seedling planting frame 232, and the thicker ends of the two semi-conical buckets 231 are rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame 232, and the seedling planting drive structure drives the two semi-conical buckets 231 to rotate so that the thinner ends of the two semi-conical buckets 231 open and close with each other. Thus, by rotating the semi-conical bucket 231 around its upper end, the separation amplitude of its lower end is greater than that of the upper end, so that when the seedlings are released, the width of the thicker upper part is equivalent to that of the lower end, ensuring that the seedlings are smoothly planted into the matrix while avoiding leaving too large holes in the matrix, thereby ensuring the quality of the seedlings.

[0039] Specifically, the seedling planting drive structure includes two seedling planting cylinders 233 that respectively drive a semi-conical bucket 231. The two ends of the seedling planting cylinder 233 are rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame 232 and the semi-conical bucket 231, respectively. That is, the semi-conical bucket 231 is driven by the seedling planting cylinder 233 to rotate, and the movement is stable and efficient. In order to facilitate the rotational connection between the seedling planting cylinder 233 and the semi-conical bucket 231, a driving block 234 is provided on the outer surface of the thicker end of the semi-conical bucket 231, and the driving block 234 is rotationally connected to the seedling planting frame 232. A driving arm 235 is provided on the driving block 234, and the driving arm 235 is rotationally connected to the seedling planting cylinder 233. The driving block 234 increases the thickness of the semi-conical bucket 231 to facilitate the setting of the rotating shaft and the seedling planting frame 232, avoiding passing the rotating shaft through the semi-conical bucket 231 and affecting its internal space; the driving arm 235 extends the force arm of the seedling planting cylinder 233 for the driving force of the semi-conical bucket 231, thereby increasing the force of the semi-conical bucket 231 to open the substrate and ensure stable and efficient seedling planting action.

[0040] In addition, in order to limit the opening range of the two semi-conical buckets 231, a limiting chamfer 2311 may be provided at the upper end of one of the semi-conical buckets. When the straight edge of the other semi-conical bucket fits with the limiting chamfer, the maximum opening angle of the two semi-conical buckets 231 is reached. Since the side wall of the semi-conical bucket 231 is relatively thin, the abutment stability when the straight edge fits with the limiting chamfer may be insufficient. Therefore, one of the driving blocks 234 is also provided with a limiting chamfer, which effectively increases the contact area of ​​the two surfaces that are mutually abutting and limiting, and ensures the stability of the limiting effect.

[0041] Since the semi-conical bucket 231 and the seedling driving structure generally need to be arranged inside the seedling frame 232 to ensure safety, a seedling placing hopper 236 is provided above the two semi-conical buckets 231 on the seedling frame 232, and the seedlings can be sent into the two semi-conical buckets 231 through the seedling placing hopper 236.

[0042] The planting lifting assembly includes a planting mounting frame 237, a planting lifting cylinder 238 disposed between the planting mounting frame 237 and the seedling planting frame 232, and a planting lifting guide rod 239 to achieve a stable lifting action.

[0043] like Fig.15 As shown, the spray mechanism 24 includes a spray box 241, a spray head 242 arranged in the spray box 241, and a water supply pipe connected to the spray head 242. The spray box 241 is opened at the front and back and spans across the planting spray frame 21. The conveyor belt 221 carries the seedling bag through the spray box 241, and the spray head 242 sprays an appropriate amount of water into the seedling bag, which not only provides moisture for the seedlings, but also increases the compactness of the matrix around the seedlings to prevent the seedlings from tilting.

[0044] In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of the cooperation between the planting mechanism 23 and the spraying mechanism 24 and the seedling bag, photoelectric sensors are provided at the planting mechanism 23 and the spraying mechanism 24 to accurately obtain the position of the seedling bag. Among them, the planting photoelectric sensor 2301 at the planting mechanism 23 can be set at a position corresponding to the lower end of the semi-conical bucket 231, so that when a seedling bag is identified below, the planting action is performed. The spray photoelectric sensor 2401 at the spraying mechanism 24 needs to be set outside the spray box 241 to avoid being affected by the spray water. Specifically, the distance between the spray head 242 and the spray photoelectric sensor 2401 can be designed to be an integer multiple of the distance between the adjacent partitions 222, so that when the spray photoelectric sensor 2401 identifies the seedling bag, there is also a seedling bag under the spray head 242.

[0045] According to the working principle of the material receiving mechanism 25 and the conveyor belt 221, the conveyor belt 221 needs to be transported forward step by step with the distance between two adjacent partition plates 222 as the unit, that is, the stop position of each seedling bag is determined, therefore, the position of the planting mechanism 23 and the spraying mechanism 24 also needs to be set accordingly, when the conveyor belt 221 is full of seedling bags, the planting mechanism 23 and the spraying mechanism 24 will also follow the above rhythm, one step at a time. Therefore, the above-mentioned planting photoelectric sensor 2301 and the spraying photoelectric sensor 2401 are mainly used to identify the arrival of the first seedling bag, and to further ensure the accuracy of the action of the planting mechanism 23 and the spraying mechanism 24.

[0046] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, which is an implementation method based on the overall concept of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A seedling automatic containerization device, characterized in that: It includes a seedling bag matrix quantitative filling device and a seedling planting spraying device arranged at the discharge end of the seedling bag matrix quantitative filling device; The quantitative filling device for the substrate of the seedling bag comprises a substrate lifting mechanism, a substrate unloading mechanism arranged below the discharge end of the substrate lifting mechanism, and a substrate bag feeding mechanism arranged below the substrate unloading mechanism. The substrate bag feeding mechanism comprises a turntable assembly, a plurality of bag-supporting assemblies evenly distributed on the turntable assembly, and a bag-taking and opening assembly arranged oppositely below one of the bag-supporting assemblies. The bag-taking and opening assembly comprises a bag-opening cylinder and a bag-taking cylinder arranged oppositely, a needle suction cup arranged at the output ends of the bag-opening cylinder and the bag-taking cylinder, a rotating cylinder whose output end is connected to the bag-taking cylinder, and a bag groove arranged below the bag-taking cylinder. The seedling planting spray device includes a planting spray frame, a conveying mechanism arranged on the planting spray frame, a planting mechanism and a spray mechanism arranged on the frame in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, the planting mechanism includes a planting lifting assembly, a seedling planting assembly arranged at the lifting end of the planting lifting assembly, the seedling planting assembly includes two semi-conical buckets, and a seedling planting drive structure that drives the two semi-conical buckets to open and close each other.

2. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable assembly includes an upper turntable, a lower turntable, a connecting column connecting the centers of the upper and lower turntables, and a turntable motor driving the connecting column. Material holes are provided at corresponding positions of the upper turntable and the lower turntable; the bag supporting assembly is arranged below the upper turntable, and a seedling bag retaining ring is provided on the lower turntable at the material hole thereof, and the seedling bag retaining ring is opened on one side close to the bag taking cylinder.

3. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bag-supporting assembly includes a mounting plate, a lifting cylinder and a lifting guide rod connecting the mounting plate and the turntable assembly, a plurality of bag-supporting cylinders arranged below the mounting plate, and a bag-supporting rod arranged at the output end of the bag-supporting cylinder, wherein the output ends of the plurality of bag-supporting cylinders face toward the middle of the mounting plate.

4. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bag holding electric cylinder is arranged below the bag groove, and a bag holding plate is arranged at the output end of the bag holding electric cylinder, and the bag holding plate extends upward into the bag groove.

5. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix feeding mechanism includes a receiving hopper, a quantitative pushing assembly arranged below the receiving hopper, a second material baffle plate arranged below the quantitative pushing assembly, and a feeding barrel arranged below the second material baffle plate; a second feeding hole is provided on the second material baffle plate at the connection to the feeding barrel, and the second feeding hole and the discharge end position of the receiving hopper are staggered with each other; the quantitative pushing assembly includes a pushing cylinder, a first material baffle plate arranged at the output end of the pushing cylinder, and a quantitative feeding barrel arranged below the first material baffle plate, a first feeding hole is provided on the first material baffle plate at the connection to the quantitative feeding barrel, the first material baffle plate is slidably matched with the lower end of the receiving hopper, and the lower end of the quantitative feeding barrel is slidably matched with the second material baffle plate.

6. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the unloading barrel is slidably connected with a telescopic barrel, and the telescopic barrel is driven by a telescopic cylinder.

7. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling planting assembly includes a seedling planting frame, and the thicker ends of the two semi-conical buckets are rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame. The seedling planting driving structure drives the two semi-conical buckets to rotate so that the thinner ends of the two semi-conical buckets open and close with each other.

8. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The seedling planting drive structure includes two seedling planting cylinders which respectively drive one of the semi-conical buckets, and the two ends of the seedling planting cylinders are respectively rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame and the semi-conical bucket; a driving block is provided on the outer surface of the thicker end of the semi-conical bucket, and the driving block is rotatably connected to the seedling planting frame. A driving arm is provided on the driving block, and the driving arm is rotatably connected to the seedling planting cylinder.

9. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A driving block is arranged on the outer side surface of the thicker end of the semi-conical bucket, the driving block is rotatably connected with the seedling planting frame, a driving arm is arranged on the driving block, and the driving arm is rotatably connected with the seedling planting cylinder.

10. The automatic seedling containerization equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: A limiting chamfer is provided on the thicker end of at least one of the semi-conical buckets and on at least one of the driving blocks to limit the upward rotation range of the two semi-conical buckets.

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