Novel hollow sand-lime brick for heat preservation
By adding expanded perlite, polystyrene foam particles and other insulation materials to hollow gray sand bricks, and designing complex hollow channels and multi-layer insulation cavity structures, the problem of insufficient insulation performance of traditional hollow gray sand bricks is solved, significantly improving the The insulation performance of the new hollow gray sand bricks is adapted to the climatic conditions of the northwest desert area.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411614660.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
AI Technical Summary
Traditional hollow gray sand bricks have shortcomings in thermal insulation performance and cannot effectively cope with the climatic conditions with large day-night temperature differences in the northwest desert area, making it difficult to maintain a comfortable level of indoor temperature, increasing the use time of heating equipment and energy consumption.
The design of new hollow gray sand bricks includes adding insulating materials such as expanded perlite and polystyrene foam particles to the raw materials, and a hollow channel and a central insulation cavity are provided inside the brick body. The hollow channel is connected through fine holes. The insulation cavity is filled with multi-layer insulation materials such as aerogel felt layer, polyurethane foam layer and glass wool layer.
By adding multi-layer insulation materials and complex hollow channel structures, the thermal conductivity of the brick is significantly reduced and the insulation performance is improved, so that heat needs to be refracted, reflected and overcome the barriers of multiple insulation materials when passing through the brick. This will effectively deal with the harsh climatic conditions in the desert areas of the northwest and maintain the relatively stable indoor temperature.
Smart Images
Figure CN119461971A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lime sand bricks, in particular to a novel hollow lime sand brick for heat insulation. Background Art
[0002] Hollow lime sand bricks play an important role in the construction field, especially in the construction of buildings in the northwest desert area. The special geographical environment and climatic conditions in the northwest desert area, such as the great temperature difference between day and night, long, cold and windy winter, etc., put forward extremely stringent requirements on the thermal insulation performance of building wall materials. Hollow lime sand bricks have become one of the key materials to meet the construction needs of the region.
[0003] Although the traditional hollow lime sand bricks have better thermal insulation performance than solid bricks to a certain extent, they still have many shortcomings. From a structural point of view, the hollow structure design of traditional hollow lime sand bricks is relatively simple, the number of hollow channels is limited and the distribution is not reasonable. It may be just a single straight hollow structure, so that the heat is not fully blocked during the transfer process, and the heat can still be conducted through the brick body quickly. Moreover, this simple hollow structure has limited refraction and reflection effects on heat flow, and cannot effectively increase the length of the heat transfer path, resulting in a significant reduction in the thermal insulation effect.
[0004] In terms of material composition, traditional hollow lime sand bricks usually only use basic materials such as cement and sand, or even if insulation materials are added, their types and amounts fail to achieve the ideal insulation effect. This makes the thermal conductivity of traditional hollow lime sand bricks still at a relatively high level, and they cannot adapt well to the climatic conditions of the northwest desert area. In the cold winter, a large amount of indoor heat will be lost through the hollow lime sand bricks, making it difficult to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature, and increasing the use time and energy consumption of heating equipment. Therefore, the development of a new type of hollow lime sand brick with better thermal insulation performance is crucial to the development of buildings in the northwest desert area. Summary of the invention
[0005] 1. Technical issues
[0006] The present invention aims to provide a novel hollow lime-sand brick for thermal insulation, so as to overcome the shortcomings of traditional hollow lime-sand brick in thermal insulation performance and meet the use demand of areas with high requirements on thermal insulation performance of building walls, such as the northwest desert area.
[0007] (II) Technical content
[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a new type of hollow lime-sand brick for thermal insulation, wherein the raw materials of the lime-sand brick include, by weight: 15-30 parts of cement; 40-60 parts of sand; 10-20 parts of fly ash; 5-15 parts of expanded perlite; 3-8 parts of polystyrene foam particles; 0.1-0.5 parts of cellulose ether; and 10-20 parts of water.
[0009] Furthermore, the hollow lime-sand brick includes a brick body, a hollow channel penetrating the brick body, and a heat-insulating cavity arranged at the center of the brick body. The heat-insulating cavity is located at the center of the brick body, and the hollow channels are distributed on both sides of the heat-insulating cavity.
[0010] Furthermore, the thermal insulation cavity is filled with multiple layers of thermal insulation materials, which are, from outside to inside: an aerogel felt layer with a thickness of 0.5-2 mm; a polyurethane foam layer with a thickness of 3-8 mm; and a glass wool layer with a thickness of 5-10 mm.
[0011] Furthermore, the particle size of the expanded perlite is 0.1-3 mm.
[0012] Furthermore, the particle size of the polystyrene foam particles is 1-5 mm.
[0013] Furthermore, adjacent hollow channels are connected via pores, and the diameter of the pores is 1-3 mm.
[0014] Furthermore, an aluminum foil reflective layer is provided between the aerogel felt layer and the polyurethane foam layer, and between the polyurethane foam layer and the glass wool layer, and the thickness of the aluminum foil reflective layer is 0.05-0.2 mm.
[0015] (III) Technical Effect
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the hollow lime sand brick of the present invention has insulating materials such as expanded perlite and polystyrene foam particles added to the raw materials, and these materials can effectively reduce the thermal conductivity of the brick body. At the same time, the interior of the brick body is provided with a hollow channel and a centrally located insulating cavity. The special design of the hollow channel (adjacent hollow channels are connected by fine holes) and the synergistic effect of the multiple layers of insulating materials (aerogel felt layer, polyurethane foam layer, glass wool layer) in the insulating cavity greatly hinder the transfer of heat. This structure requires heat to undergo multiple refractions and reflections and overcome the barriers of multiple insulating materials when passing through the brick body, thereby significantly improving the thermal insulation performance, and can effectively cope with the climate conditions with large temperature differences between day and night in the northwest desert area, and maintain a relatively stable indoor temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a new type of hollow lime sand brick for thermal insulation in the present invention. Figure 1 .
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a new type of hollow lime sand brick for thermal insulation in the present invention. Figure 2 .
[0019] Figure 3 The utility model is a top view structural schematic diagram of a novel hollow lime-sand brick for heat preservation of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a new type of hollow lime sand brick for thermal insulation according to the present invention. Figure 1 .
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a new type of hollow lime sand brick for thermal insulation according to the present invention. Figure 2 .
[0022] As shown in the figure: 1. Brick body; 2. Hollow channel; 3. Insulation cavity; 4. Aerogel felt layer; 5. Polyurethane foam layer; 6. Glass wool layer; 7. Pores; 8. Aluminum foil reflective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] Combined with Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 5 A new type of hollow lime-sand brick for thermal insulation. The raw materials of the lime-sand brick include, by weight: 20 parts of cement; 50 parts of sand; 15 parts of fly ash; 10 parts of expanded perlite; 5 parts of polystyrene foam particles; 0.3 parts of cellulose ether; and 15 parts of water. The particle size of the expanded perlite is 0.1-3mm, and the particle size of the polystyrene foam particles is 1-5mm.
[0026] The hollow lime sand brick includes a brick body 1, a hollow channel 2 penetrating the brick body 1, and an insulation cavity 3 arranged at the center of the brick body. The insulation cavity 3 is located at the center of the brick body, and the hollow channels 2 are distributed on both sides of the insulation cavity 3. The insulation cavity 3 is filled with multiple layers of insulation materials, which are: aerogel felt layer 4 with a thickness of 1mm; polyurethane foam layer 5 with a thickness of 5mm; glass wool layer 6 with a thickness of 8mm from the outside to the inside. Adjacent hollow channels 2 are connected by fine holes 7, and the diameter of the fine holes 7 is 2mm. Aluminum foil reflective layers 8 are provided between the aerogel felt layer 4 and the polyurethane foam layer 5, and between the polyurethane foam layer 5 and the glass wool layer 6, and the thickness of the aluminum foil reflective layer 8 is 0.1mm.
[0027] The preparation method of a novel hollow lime-sand brick for heat preservation of the present invention is as follows:
[0028] 1. Raw material preparation: Prepare raw materials according to weight, including 20 parts of cement, 50 parts of sand, 15 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of expanded perlite, 5 parts of polystyrene foam particles, 0.3 parts of cellulose ether, and 15 parts of water. The particle size of the expanded perlite is 0.1-3mm, and the particle size of the polystyrene foam particles is 1-5mm.
[0029] 2. Mixing and stirring: Put cement, sand, fly ash, expanded perlite, polystyrene foam particles and cellulose ether into a mixer and stir at 45 rpm for 10 minutes to fully mix the various raw materials to obtain a dry mix. Then slowly add water to the dry mix and continue stirring until a uniform wet material is formed.
[0030] 3. Molding: The wet material is injected into a special mold. Through the structural design of the mold, the wet material is formed into a brick blank with a hollow channel 2, fine holes 7 and a heat-insulating cavity (3) in the mold. During the brick blank molding process, it is necessary to pay attention to that the adjacent hollow channels (2) are connected through the fine holes (7). The diameter of the fine holes (7) is 2 mm. There are various ways to mold the fine holes. The pre-buried pipe fittings can be used. The brick blank is placed in a curing room. The curing temperature is controlled at 20° C. and the humidity is maintained at 70%. The curing time is 20 days to obtain the hollow lime sand brick initial material for heat insulation.
[0031] 4. Filling: Fill the heat-insulating cavity (3) with multiple layers of heat-insulating materials and fix them with an adhesive, which are, from outside to inside, an aerogel felt layer (4) with a thickness of 1 mm; a polyurethane foam layer (5) with a thickness of 5 mm; and a glass wool layer (6) with a thickness of 8 mm. An aluminum foil reflective layer (8) is provided between the aerogel felt layer (4) and the polyurethane foam layer (5) and between the polyurethane foam layer (5) and the glass wool layer (6). The thickness of the aluminum foil reflective layer (8) is 0.1 mm. After completing the above steps, a finished hollow lime sand brick is obtained.
[0032] The working principle of a new type of hollow sand-lime brick for heat preservation of the present invention is as follows: The hollow sand-lime brick of the present invention has a unique working principle in heat preservation. In the brick body (1), the hollow channel (2) and the heat preservation cavity (3) are key heat preservation structures. The hollow channels (2) are distributed on both sides of the heat preservation cavity (3), and the adjacent hollow channels (2) are connected through fine holes (7). When heat is transferred from one side to the brick body (1), the air in the hollow channel (2) is a poor conductor of heat, and the heat will be hindered by the air when it is conducted in the hollow channel (2). At the same time, due to the presence of the fine holes (7), the air forms a complex convection path between the channels, making heat transfer more difficult. This structure requires heat to pass through a longer path to pass through the brick body (1), thereby reducing the heat conduction speed. The multi-layer heat preservation material filled in the heat preservation cavity (3) located in the center of the brick body (1) plays an important role. The outermost aerogel felt layer (4) has an extremely low thermal conductivity coefficient, which can effectively prevent heat from being transferred by radiation and conduction. The aluminum foil reflective layer (8) between the aerogel felt layer (4) and the polyurethane foam layer (5) and between the polyurethane foam layer (5) and the glass wool layer (6) can reflect heat radiation, further reducing the transfer of heat inside the thermal insulation material. The polyurethane foam layer (5) is filled between the aerogel felt layer (4) and the glass wool layer (6), and its good thermal insulation and sealing properties can prevent air convection and heat conduction. The glass wool layer (6) can not only keep warm, but also buffer the impact of the outside world on the thermal insulation structure, further stabilizing the thermal insulation structure. These structures and materials work together to greatly improve the thermal insulation performance of the hollow lime sand brick, so that it can adapt to the building thermal insulation needs under harsh climatic conditions such as the northwest desert area.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] A novel hollow sand-lime brick for heat preservation. The raw materials of the sand-lime brick include, by weight: 15 parts of cement; 40 parts of sand; 10 parts of fly ash; 5 parts of expanded perlite; 3 parts of polystyrene foam particles; 0.1 parts of cellulose ether; and 10 parts of water. The particle size of the expanded perlite is 0.1-3 mm, and the particle size of the polystyrene foam particles is 1-5 mm.
[0035] The hollow lime sand brick includes a brick body 1, a hollow channel 2 penetrating the brick body 1, and an insulation cavity 3 arranged at the center of the brick body. The insulation cavity 3 is located at the center of the brick body, and the hollow channels 2 are distributed on both sides of the insulation cavity 3. The insulation cavity 3 is filled with multiple layers of insulation materials, which are: aerogel felt layer 4 with a thickness of 0.5mm; polyurethane foam layer 5 with a thickness of 3mm; glass wool layer 6 with a thickness of 5mm. Adjacent hollow channels 2 are connected by fine holes 7, and the diameter of the fine holes 7 is 1mm. Aluminum foil reflective layers 8 are provided between the aerogel felt layer 4 and the polyurethane foam layer 5, and between the polyurethane foam layer 5 and the glass wool layer 6, and the thickness of the aluminum foil reflective layer 8 is 0.05mm.
[0036] Example 3
[0037] A novel hollow sand-lime brick for heat preservation. The raw materials of the sand-lime brick include, by weight: 30 parts of cement; 60 parts of sand; 20 parts of fly ash; 15 parts of expanded perlite; 8 parts of polystyrene foam particles; 0.5 parts of cellulose ether; and 20 parts of water. The particle size of the expanded perlite is 0.1-3 mm, and the particle size of the polystyrene foam particles is 1-5 mm.
[0038] The hollow lime sand brick comprises a brick body 1, a hollow channel 2 penetrating the brick body 1, and an insulation cavity 3 arranged at the center of the brick body. The insulation cavity 3 is located at the center of the brick body, and the hollow channels 2 are distributed on both sides of the insulation cavity 3. The insulation cavity 3 is filled with multiple layers of insulation materials, which are: aerogel felt layer 4 with a thickness of 2 mm; polyurethane foam layer 5 with a thickness of 8 mm; glass wool layer 6 with a thickness of 10 mm. Adjacent hollow channels 2 are connected by fine holes 7, and the diameter of the fine holes 7 is 3 mm. Aluminum foil reflective layers 8 are provided between the aerogel felt layer 4 and the polyurethane foam layer 5, and between the polyurethane foam layer 5 and the glass wool layer 6, and the thickness of the aluminum foil reflective layer 8 is 0.2 mm.
[0039] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A new type of hollow lime sand brick for thermal insulation, characterized in that: The raw materials of the lime-sand brick include, by weight: 15-30 parts of cement; 40-60 parts of sand; 10-20 parts of fly ash; 5-15 parts of expanded perlite; 3-8 parts of polystyrene foam particles; 0.1-0.5 parts of cellulose ether; and 10-20 parts of water.
2. A novel hollow lime-sand brick for heat preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow lime-sand brick comprises a brick body (1), a hollow channel (2) penetrating the brick body (1), and a heat-insulating cavity (3) arranged at the center of the brick body; the heat-insulating cavity (3) is located at the center of the brick body, and the hollow channel (2) is distributed on both sides of the heat-insulating cavity (3).
3. A new type of hollow lime sand brick for heat preservation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat-insulating cavity (3) is filled with multiple layers of heat-insulating materials, which are, from outside to inside: an aerogel felt layer (4) with a thickness of 0.5-2 mm; a polyurethane foam layer (5) with a thickness of 3-8 mm; and a glass wool layer (6) with a thickness of 5-10 mm.
4. A novel hollow lime-sand brick for heat preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the expanded perlite is 0.1-3 mm.
5. A novel hollow lime-sand brick for heat preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the polystyrene foam particles is 1-5 mm.
6. A new type of hollow lime sand brick for heat preservation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Adjacent hollow channels (2) are connected via pores (7), and the diameter of the pores (7) is 1-3 mm.
7. A novel hollow lime-sand brick for heat preservation according to claim 3, characterized in that: An aluminum foil reflective layer (8) is provided between the aerogel felt layer (4) and the polyurethane foam layer (5), and between the polyurethane foam layer (5) and the glass wool layer (6), and the thickness of the aluminum foil reflective layer (8) is 0.05-0.2 mm.