Variable capacitance assembly, method of use and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable capacitor assembly, a use method and application thereof. The variable capacitance assembly comprises a capacitor and a switch-on device, the switch-on device comprises a pressure applying mechanism and a switch-on mechanism, and the switch-on mechanism is in electrical contact with a contact of the capacitor and used for connecting the capacitor to a circuit. And the pressure applying mechanism is used for applying positive pressure to the contact part of the switching-on mechanism and the capacitor so as to positively change the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit. According to the variable capacitance control assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention, the capacitance value of any capacitor can be precisely and finely adjusted in an external pure physical mode under the condition that any internal structure of the capacitor is not changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention particularly relates to a variable capacitor component, a use method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of electronic technology. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing precision requirements of semiconductor precision instruments and testing and measurement applications in different fields, ultra-high precision detection systems usually need to use ultra-high precision capacitors, and complex calibration and compensation of each capacitor are required. Multi-channel systems also need to be very careful to balance the capacitors used in each channel, that is, the capacitance values ​​of the key capacitors used between each detection channel are highly consistent to obtain the highest system performance and detection consistency. For a long time, the method commonly used by precision instruments is to measure a large number of capacitor elements and select suitable components that match each other. This method is extremely costly (time cost, manpower cost, and capital cost) and wasteful (very few capacitor elements can pass the rigorous screening process). A simpler, easier to use, cost-effective method that can guarantee performance specifications and precisely control and adjust capacitor elements, especially ultra-high precision immutable capacitor elements, so that their actual / equivalent capacitance after being connected to the circuit is closer to the set value is urgently needed to be developed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable capacitor component, a method of using the same and an application thereof, so as to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes: A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable capacitor assembly, comprising a capacitor and a connection device, wherein the connection device comprises a pressure applying mechanism and a connection mechanism, wherein the connection mechanism is in electrical contact with a contact of the capacitor and is used to connect the capacitor to a circuit, and wherein the pressure applying mechanism is used to apply positive pressure to a contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor to positively change the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit.

[0005] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for using a variable capacitor assembly, comprising: A variable capacitance assembly is provided, the variable capacitance assembly comprising a capacitor and a connection device, the connection device comprising a pressure applying mechanism and a connection mechanism, the connection mechanism being in electrical contact with a contact point of the capacitor, the pressure applying mechanism being used to apply a positive pressure to a contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor; The capacitor is connected to the circuit through the connection mechanism, and the pressure applying mechanism applies positive pressure to the contact part between the connection mechanism and the capacitor to positively adjust the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit to a set value.

[0006] A third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for characterizing a biological reaction, comprising: A reference biochip, m detection biochips and a capacitance detection module are electrically connected respectively to form m+1 detection circuits, and the variable capacitance component is electrically connected to each detection circuit, and the variable capacitance component is connected in parallel with the reference biochip or the detection biochip; and the equivalent capacitance values ​​of the m+1 variable capacitance components in their respective detection circuits are adjusted to the same value, where m is a positive integer.

[0007] The advantages of the present invention include: the variable capacitance component provided by the embodiment of the present invention can precisely fine-tune the capacitance value of any capacitor (either a fixed capacitor or a variable capacitor) through an external purely physical method without changing any of its internal structures, and the variable capacitance component has a simple structure, strong anti-interference ability, and no time lag. It is extremely convenient to continuously increase the pressure on the capacitor contacts by precisely adjusting the pressure applying mechanism, thereby achieving positive precise control and adjustment of the actual / equivalent capacitance value of any capacitor in the circuit (the actual / equivalent capacitance value must be greater than the original capacitance value of the capacitor), and reducing the testing cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the integrated capacitance detection module based on the LC Resonance principle; Figure 2 , Figure 3 They are schematic structural diagrams of the states of a spring in a variable capacitor assembly provided in Example 1 of the present invention under two different elastic deformation amounts; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable capacitor component provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 , Figure 6 They are schematic structural diagrams of two probe clips 600 in a variable capacitor assembly provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention in a natural state and a compressed state; Figure 7 A typical implementation case of the present invention provides a curve showing the change of the actual / equivalent capacitance value of a capacitor in a variable capacitance component in a circuit over time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventor of this case has proposed the technical solution of the present invention after long-term research and extensive practice. The technical solution, its implementation process and principle will be further explained as follows.

[0010] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable capacitor assembly, comprising a capacitor and a connection device, wherein the connection device comprises a pressure applying mechanism and a connection mechanism, wherein the connection mechanism is in electrical contact with a contact of the capacitor and is used to connect the capacitor to a circuit, and wherein the pressure applying mechanism is used to apply positive pressure to a contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor to positively change the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit.

[0011] It should be noted that when the pressure applying mechanism applies positive pressure to the contact part of the connection mechanism and the capacitor, the contact impedance between the connection mechanism and the capacitor changes with the change of the applied positive pressure, and the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit changes with the change of the contact impedance between the connection mechanism and the capacitor, and the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit is greater than the original capacitance value of the capacitor itself.

[0012] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure applying mechanism includes an elastic element, one end of which is in contact with the contact portion of the connection mechanism and the capacitor, and the other end is coordinated with a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the elastic element to undergo compression deformation or tension deformation.

[0013] Furthermore, the connection mechanism is integrally provided with the elastic element, and the connection mechanism is a part of the elastic element that is in direct contact with the capacitor.

[0014] Furthermore, the material of the elastic element is sensitive or insensitive to environmental factors, and the environmental factors include at least one of the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, ambient light intensity, and ambient light wavelength.

[0015] Furthermore, the elastic element includes a compression spring.

[0016] In another more specific embodiment, the pressure applying mechanism includes a first clamping element, a second clamping element and a guide element, the first clamping element and the second clamping element are arranged on the guide element at intervals, the capacitor and the connection mechanism are clamped between the first clamping element and the second clamping element, and the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element are movably cooperated with the guide element and can move along the axial direction of the guide element.

[0017] Furthermore, the connection mechanism is integrally provided with the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element, and the connection mechanism is a part of the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element that is in direct contact with the capacitor.

[0018] Furthermore, the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element and the guide element have a threaded structure, and at least one of the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element is threadedly matched with the guide element.

[0019] Furthermore, the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element also cooperates with a second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is a rotation driving mechanism, which is used to drive the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element to rotate around the axis of the guide element.

[0020] Furthermore, the guiding element is an optical axis structure, and the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element also cooperate with a third driving mechanism in transmission, and the third driving mechanism is a linear driving mechanism, and the third driving mechanism is used to drive the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element to move along the axial direction of the guiding element.

[0021] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for using a variable capacitor assembly, comprising: A variable capacitance assembly is provided, the variable capacitance assembly comprising a capacitor and a connection device, the connection device comprising a pressure applying mechanism and a connection mechanism, the connection mechanism being in electrical contact with a contact point of the capacitor, the pressure applying mechanism being used to apply a positive pressure to a contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor; The capacitor is connected to the circuit through the connection mechanism, and the pressure applying mechanism applies positive pressure to the contact part between the connection mechanism and the capacitor to positively adjust the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit to a set value.

[0022] In a more specific embodiment, the pressure applying mechanism includes an elastic element, one end of which contacts the contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor, and the other end cooperates with a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the elastic element to undergo compression deformation or tension deformation; Furthermore, the method for using the variable capacitance component includes: using the first driving mechanism to drive the elastic element to undergo compression deformation or tension deformation to change the positive pressure applied to the contact part between the connection mechanism and the capacitor until the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit is adjusted to a set value.

[0023] Furthermore, the connection mechanism is integrally provided with the elastic element, and the connection mechanism is a part of the elastic element that is in direct contact with the capacitor.

[0024] Furthermore, the material of the elastic element is sensitive or insensitive to environmental factors, and the environmental factors include at least one of the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, ambient light intensity, and ambient light wavelength.

[0025] Furthermore, the elastic element includes a compression spring.

[0026] In another more specific embodiment, the pressure applying mechanism comprises a first clamping element, a second clamping element and a guide element, wherein the first clamping element and the second clamping element are arranged on the guide element at intervals, the capacitor and the connection mechanism are clamped between the first clamping element and the second clamping element, and the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element are movably matched with the guide element and can move along the axial direction of the guide element; Furthermore, the method for using the variable capacitor assembly includes: moving the first clamping element or the second clamping element along the guide element to change the positive pressure applied to the contact portion of the connection mechanism and the capacitor until the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit is adjusted to a set value.

[0027] Furthermore, the connection mechanism is integrally provided with the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element, and the connection mechanism is a part of the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element that is in direct contact with the capacitor.

[0028] Further, the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element and the guide element have a threaded structure, and at least one of the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element is threadedly matched with the guide element; Furthermore, the method for using the variable capacitor assembly includes: rotating the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element around the axis of the guide element, and moving the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element along the guide element.

[0029] Furthermore, the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element is also in transmission cooperation with a second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is a rotary driving mechanism; The method for using the variable capacitance assembly includes: using the second driving mechanism to drive the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element to rotate around the axis of the guide element; Alternatively, the guide element is an optical axis structure, the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element is further in transmission cooperation with a third driving mechanism, and the third driving mechanism is a linear driving mechanism; The method for using the variable capacitance assembly includes: using the third driving mechanism to drive the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element to move along the guide element.

[0030] A third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for characterizing a biological reaction, comprising: A reference biochip, m detection biochips and a capacitance detection module are electrically connected respectively to form m+1 detection circuits, and the variable capacitance component is electrically connected to each detection circuit, and the variable capacitance component is connected in parallel with the reference biochip or the detection biochip; and the equivalent capacitance values ​​of the m+1 variable capacitance components in their respective detection circuits are adjusted to the same value, where m is a positive integer.

[0031] The technical solution, its implementation process and principle, etc. will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the capacitor, LC resonant circuit, spring, cylinder, electrode, etc. in the embodiments of the present invention are all known in the art and can be commercially available standard components, without special limitation or description herein.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the integrated capacitance detection module of FDC 2214 EVM based on the LC Resonance principle performs continuous and real-time capacitance measurement on two (or more) identical biochips. Since the capacitance will change with the test frequency, the semiconductor industry standard generally specifies the test frequency as 1MHz, 1kHz or 120Hz. The inventor of this case found that for some cells, when the detection frequency is 1.3MHz, once the biological function of the cell changes, the capacitance signal strength generated is the largest. Therefore, by connecting the detection biochip (adding the detection sample) and the reference biochip (adding the buffer) in parallel with a 1nF fixed capacitor, the dynamic changes of each capacitance can be monitored by FDC 2214 EVM at a detection frequency of 1.3MHz. However, in actual operation, it is very difficult to find two fixed capacitors with capacitance values ​​of exactly 1nF. It is often necessary to select two capacitors with capacitance values ​​exactly equal to 1nF from hundreds of fixed capacitors. By using the variable capacitor assembly provided in the embodiment of the present invention, two unequal capacitors with capacitance values ​​slightly less than 1nF can be connected to the circuit. By adjusting the pressure applying mechanism in the connection device and applying different pressures to the contact part between the two capacitor contacts and the access mechanism, the actual / equivalent capacitance values ​​of the two capacitors in the circuit can be accurately adjusted to the same specified capacitance value, so that the detection frequency of the capacitance measurement system is maintained at the specified frequency.

[0033] Example 1 See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 A variable capacitor assembly includes a capacitor 100, a bracket 200, a threaded screw 500, a pressure plate 400, a spring 300 and two connection probes, the two connection probes are electrically connected to two contacts of the capacitor 100 respectively, the two connection probes are used to connect to the circuit, the capacitor 100 is fixedly matched with the bracket 200, a threaded through hole is provided on the bracket 200, the threaded screw 500 is provided in the threaded through hole and is threadedly connected with the bracket 200, one end of the spring 300 is pressed against the connection portion of the connection probe and the contact of the capacitor 100, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 400, and one end of the threaded screw 500 is pressed against the pressure plate 400; By screwing the threaded screw 500, the threaded screw 500 can be moved along its own axial direction relative to the bracket 200, and the compression amount of the spring 300 can be changed, thereby changing the positive pressure applied to the connecting part of the contact between the probe and the capacitor 100. The states of the spring 300 under different elastic deformation amounts are respectively as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown; When a positive pressure is applied to the connecting portion of the contact of the connection probe and the capacitor 100, the contact impedance between the connection probe and the capacitor 100 changes with the change of the positive pressure applied to the connecting portion of the contact of the connection probe and the capacitor 100, thereby causing the actual (equivalent) capacitance value of the capacitor 100 in the circuit to change positively with the change of the contact impedance between the connection probe and the capacitor 100.

[0034] In this embodiment, on the one hand, the bracket provides a motion guide for the pressure plate, and on the other hand, the bracket also cooperates with the threaded screw as a driving mechanism. Of course, the threaded screw and the bracket threaded connection adopted in this embodiment exert pressure on the elastic element, and the threaded screw can also be replaced by other driving mechanisms such as telescopic mechanisms, linear drive motors or cylinders that can drive the spring to compress.

[0035] In this embodiment, the bracket 200 may be an insulating plastic bracket or the like, and the spring and the ends thereof may be insulated, for example, by being covered or coated with an insulating layer / sleeve or the like.

[0036] In this embodiment, the capacitor 100 includes a first plate 110, a second plate 130 and a dielectric 120, the dielectric 120 is disposed between the first plate 110 and the second plate 130, and the contacts of the capacitor 100 are located at the first plate 110 and the second plate 130. It can be understood that the positive pressure applied to the connection portion of the contact probe and the capacitor 100 can be in the direction from the first plate 110 to the second plate 130 or from the second plate 130 to the first plate 110. Of course, the bracket 200 can be directly fixed on the first clamping plate 110.

[0037] Example 2 See also Figure 4 A variable capacitor assembly includes a capacitor 100, two probe clips 600, an insulating threaded rod 700 and an insulating nut 800, wherein the two probe clips 600 are arranged on the insulating threaded rod 700 at intervals and are movably matched with the insulating threaded rod 700, the insulating nut 800 is arranged on the insulating threaded rod 700 and is threadedly connected with the insulating threaded rod 700, the insulating nut 800 is arranged on a side of one probe clip 600 facing away from the other probe clip, the two probe clips 600 are electrically connected to two contacts of the capacitor 100 respectively, and the two probe clips 600 are used to be connected to a circuit; By screwing the insulating nut 800, the probe clip 600 can be pushed to move along the insulating threaded rod 700, thereby changing the distance between the two probe clips 600, thereby changing the pressure between the probe clip 600 and the contact of the capacitor 100. The two probe clips 600 are in the natural state and the compressed state respectively as shown in FIG. Figure 5 , Figure 6 shown.

[0038] In this embodiment, the capacitor 100 includes a first electrode plate 110, a second electrode plate 130 and a dielectric 120, the dielectric 120 is arranged between the first electrode plate 110 and the second electrode plate 130, and the contacts of the capacitor 100 are located at the first electrode plate 110 and the second electrode plate 130. It can be understood that the positive pressure applied to the connecting part of the probe clip 600 and the contact of the capacitor 100 can be in the direction of the first electrode plate 110 pointing to the second electrode plate 130 or the second electrode plate 130 pointing to the first electrode plate 110.

[0039] The variable capacitance component provided by the embodiment of the present invention can precisely fine-tune the capacitance value of any capacitor (either a fixed capacitor or a variable capacitor) through an external purely physical method without changing any of its internal structures. In addition, the variable capacitance component has a simple structure and strong anti-interference ability. It can extremely conveniently continuously increase the pressure on the capacitor contacts by precisely adjusting the pressure applying mechanism, thereby achieving positive precise control and adjustment of the actual / equivalent capacitance value of any capacitor in the circuit (the actual / equivalent capacitance value must be greater than the original capacitance value of the capacitor).

[0040] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention provides a connection device in a variable capacitor assembly, including a pressure applying mechanism and a connection mechanism, wherein the pressure applied by the pressure applying mechanism should be less than the maximum pressure value that the connection mechanism and the capacitor can withstand that will cause structural damage, and the contact impedance between the connection mechanism and the contacts of the capacitor will not continue to increase indefinitely with the increase of the applied pressure. Correspondingly, the actual / equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the variable capacitor assembly in the circuit will not continue indefinitely. Through testing, it was found that, under the premise of ensuring that each device is not damaged, the pressure applying mechanism applies pressure to the contacts of the capacitor through the connection mechanism, and the maximum change in the actual / equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the connection circuit relative to the original capacitance value of the capacitor is +0.5% of the original capacitance value, and the full-domain control accuracy can reach 10 -15 F. The present invention connects a variable capacitor component to the circuit and applies periodic pressure to it (apply pressure, relax; apply pressure again, relax again; apply pressure for the third time, relax for the third time). The theoretical original capacitance of the Japanese imported GRM chip ceramic capacitor (solid-state non-variable capacitor, accuracy ±1%) in the variable capacitor component is 47.1pF. The actual / equivalent capacitance value in the circuit changes with time as shown in the curve Figure 7 shown.

[0041] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable capacitance component, comprising a capacitor, characterized in that: Also includes: A connection device, the connection device comprising a pressure applying mechanism and a connection mechanism, the connection mechanism being in electrical contact with the contacts of the capacitor and used to connect the capacitor to the circuit, the pressure applying mechanism being used to apply positive pressure to the contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor to positively change the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit.

2. The variable capacitor assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure applying mechanism comprises an elastic element, one end of which contacts the contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor, and the other end cooperates with a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the elastic element to undergo compression deformation or tension deformation; Preferably, the connection mechanism is integrally provided with the elastic element, and the connection mechanism is a part of the elastic element that is in direct contact with the capacitor; Preferably, the material of the elastic element is sensitive or insensitive to environmental factors, and the environmental factors include at least one of the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, ambient light intensity, and ambient light wavelength; Preferably, the elastic element comprises a compression spring.

3. The variable capacitor assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure applying mechanism comprises a first clamping element, a second clamping element and a guide element, wherein the first clamping element and the second clamping element are arranged on the guide element at intervals, the capacitor and the connection mechanism are clamped between the first clamping element and the second clamping element, and the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element are movably matched with the guide element and can move along the axial direction of the guide element; And / or, the connection mechanism is integrally arranged with the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element, and the connection mechanism is a part of the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element that is in direct contact with the capacitor.

4. The variable capacitor assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first clamping element and / or the second clamping element and the guide element have a threaded structure, and at least one of the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element is threadedly matched with the guide element; And / or, the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element also cooperates with a second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is a rotation driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is used to drive the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element to rotate around the axis of the guide element.

5. The variable capacitor assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guiding element is an optical axis structure, and the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element also cooperate with a third driving mechanism in transmission, and the third driving mechanism is a linear driving mechanism, and the third driving mechanism is used to drive the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element to move along the axial direction of the guiding element.

6. A method for using a variable capacitance component, characterized in that: include: A variable capacitance assembly is provided, the variable capacitance assembly comprising a capacitor and a connection device, the connection device comprising a pressure applying mechanism and a connection mechanism, the connection mechanism being in electrical contact with a contact point of the capacitor, the pressure applying mechanism being used to apply a positive pressure to a contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor; The capacitor is connected to the circuit through the connection mechanism, and the pressure applying mechanism applies positive pressure to the contact part between the connection mechanism and the capacitor to positively adjust the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit to a set value.

7. The method for using the variable capacitor assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure applying mechanism comprises an elastic element, one end of which contacts the contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor, and the other end cooperates with a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the elastic element to undergo compression deformation or tension deformation; Furthermore, the method for using the variable capacitance component includes: using the first driving mechanism to drive the elastic element to undergo compression deformation or tension deformation, so as to change the positive pressure applied to the contact portion between the connection mechanism and the capacitor, until the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit is adjusted to a set value; Preferably, the connection mechanism is integrally provided with the elastic element, and the connection mechanism is a part of the elastic element that is in direct contact with the capacitor; Preferably, the material of the elastic element is sensitive or insensitive to environmental factors, and the environmental factors include at least one of the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, ambient light intensity, and ambient light wavelength; Preferably, the elastic element comprises a compression spring.

8. The method for using the variable capacitor assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure applying mechanism comprises a first clamping element, a second clamping element and a guide element, wherein the first clamping element and the second clamping element are arranged on the guide element at intervals, the capacitor and the connection mechanism are clamped between the first clamping element and the second clamping element, and the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element are movably matched with the guide element and can move along the axial direction of the guide element; Furthermore, the method for using the variable capacitance assembly includes: moving the first clamping element or the second clamping element along the guide element to change the positive pressure applied to the contact portion of the connection mechanism and the capacitor until the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor in the circuit is adjusted to a set value; And / or, the connection mechanism is integrally arranged with the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element, and the connection mechanism is a part of the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element that is in direct contact with the capacitor.

9. The method for using the variable capacitor assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first clamping element and / or the second clamping element and the guide element have a threaded structure, and at least one of the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element is threadedly matched with the guide element; Furthermore, the method for using the variable capacitance assembly includes: rotating the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element around the axis of the guide element, so that the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element moves along the guide element; Preferably, the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element is also in transmission cooperation with a second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is a rotary driving mechanism; The method for using the variable capacitance assembly includes: using the second driving mechanism to drive the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element or the guide element to rotate around the axis of the guide element; Alternatively, the guide element is an optical axis structure, the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element is further in transmission cooperation with a third driving mechanism, and the third driving mechanism is a linear driving mechanism; The method for using the variable capacitance assembly includes: using the third driving mechanism to drive the first clamping element and / or the second clamping element to move along the guide element.

10. A method for characterizing a biological reaction, comprising: A reference biochip and m detection biochips are electrically connected to the capacitance detection module respectively to form m+1 detection circuits, and each detection circuit is electrically connected to the variable capacitance component described in any one of claims 1 to 5, and the variable capacitance component is connected in parallel with the reference biochip or the detection biochip; and the equivalent capacitance values ​​of the m+1 variable capacitance components in their respective detection circuits are adjusted to the same value, where m is a positive integer.

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