Tail water steam separation silencer of hydrogen fuel cell system

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell system tail water vapor separation silencer. A front end cover and a rear end cover are mounted at the two ends of a barrel of the silencer respectively; the air inlet pipe penetrates through the front end cover to enter the cylinder, and the air outlet pipe penetrates through the rear end cover to enter the cylinder; a drainage pipe is arranged on the cylinder body; and a centrifugal water vapor separation device and a silencing device are arranged in the cylinder body. Vapor in tail gas is condensed into liquid water in advance, rime fog at a tail pipe outlet is avoided, and the problem that tail exhaust noise is too large is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell engines, and in particular relates to a water vapor separation muffler at the tail end of a hydrogen fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of the hydrogen fuel cell system is to send hydrogen to the anode plate (negative electrode) of the fuel cell. After the action of the catalyst (platinum), one electron in the hydrogen atom is separated, and the hydrogen ion (proton) that has lost the electron passes through the proton exchange membrane and reaches the cathode plate (positive electrode) of the fuel cell. Electrons cannot pass through the proton exchange membrane. Electrons can only reach the cathode plate of the fuel cell through the external circuit, thereby generating current in the external circuit. After the electrons reach the cathode plate, they recombine with oxygen atoms and hydrogen ions to form water. Since the oxygen supplied to the cathode plate can be obtained from the air, as long as hydrogen is continuously supplied to the anode plate, air is supplied to the cathode plate, and water (steam) is taken away in time, electrical energy can be continuously provided. Compared with traditional power, the energy conversion efficiency of fuel cell vehicles is as high as 60~80%, which is 2~3 times that of internal combustion engines. The fuel of the fuel cell is hydrogen and oxygen, and the product is clean water. It does not produce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide when it works, and there is no sulfur and particulate discharge. Therefore, the hydrogen fuel cell system is a zero-emission, zero-pollution power. However, when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in operation, the exhaust gas contains a large amount of water vapor. In the cold winter, water vapor is discharged from the tail pipe in the form of mist, which has a certain impact on the vehicle's image and the vehicles behind it; and if the water vapor cannot be discharged in time, it will freeze in the muffler, which will also have a certain impact on the system reliability. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a tail gas water vapor separation muffler for a hydrogen fuel cell system, the purpose of which is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, so that the water vapor in the tail gas condenses into liquid water in advance to avoid the appearance of white mist at the tail pipe outlet, solve the problem of excessive tail exhaust noise, and maintain a low exhaust back pressure to avoid excessive power loss of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0004] The solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is: A hydrogen fuel cell system tail water steam separation muffler, characterized by: The two ends of the cylinder are respectively equipped with a front cover and a rear cover; the air inlet pipe passes through the front cover to enter the cylinder, and the air outlet pipe passes through the rear cover to enter the cylinder; a drainage pipe is provided on the cylinder; A centrifugal water vapor separation device and a muffler are installed in the cylinder; The main body of the centrifugal water vapor separation device is a cyclone cylinder, a front baffle is installed at the front end of the cyclone cylinder, and a rear baffle is installed at the rear end of the cyclone cylinder; The diameters of the front baffle and the rear baffle are larger than the diameter of the cyclone tube, and the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixed to the inner wall of the cyclone tube; The front baffle is provided with a plurality of front baffle mesh holes at a portion larger than the outer diameter of the cyclone tube; The rear bulkhead has an axle hole; The front wall of the cyclone is provided with several cyclone mesh holes, and the rear of the inner cavity of the cyclone is filled with a stainless steel winding mesh; A swirl plate is fixed to the outer wall of the swirl cylinder, the front end of the swirl plate is fixed to the front baffle, the rear end of the swirl plate is fixed to the rear baffle, the bottom end of the swirl plate is fixed to the outer wall of the swirl cylinder, and the swirl plate and the outer wall of the swirl cylinder form an angle less than 90 degrees.

[0005] The stainless steel winding mesh is made of cylindrical stainless steel wires woven into wave crests and troughs and wound layer by layer.

[0006] The main body of the silencer is a silencer with an arc-shaped cross-section, and a plurality of silencer mesh holes are provided on the silencer; A front plate is installed at the front end of the muffler, and a rear plate is installed at the rear end of the muffler. The front plate and the rear plate are respectively provided with axial holes communicating with the inner cavity of the muffler. The diameters of the front plate and the rear plate are larger than the diameter of the muffler, and the front plate and the rear plate are fixed to the inner wall of the muffler; A baffle is fixed to the outer wall of the muffler, the front end of the baffle is fixed to the front plate, the rear end of the baffle is fixed to the rear plate, the bottom end of the baffle is fixed to the outer wall of the muffler, and the baffle and the outer wall of the muffler form an angle less than 90 degrees; A plurality of parallel silencer sheets are installed in the inner cavity of the silencer tube, and a plurality of silencer holes are opened on each silencer sheet.

[0007] Each sound-absorbing sheet has an arc-shaped notch. Beneficial Effects

[0008] 1. Centrifugal The centrifugal water vapor separation device can make the tail gas form a cyclone. After the centrifugal action, the water vapor is thrown to the inner wall of the cylinder and cooled to form liquid water and then discharged; 2. The water vapor that has not yet formed liquid water after the centrifugal force is further settled after passing through the stainless steel winding mesh assembly (the stainless steel winding mesh has a large specific surface area); 3. It has a wide sound-absorbing spectrum and has a good sound-absorbing effect on high-frequency noise of 1000Hz-10000Hz. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water vapor separation muffler; Figure 2 A centrifugal water vapor separation device viewed from the air inlet end; Figure 3 A centrifugal water vapor separation device viewed from the gas outlet end; Figure 4 It is the flow direction diagram of the internal airflow of the centrifugal water vapor separation device; Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the stainless steel winding mesh; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the silencer device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0012] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown: The invention provides a water vapor separation muffler at the tail water of a hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0013] like Figure 1 As shown: The water vapor separation muffler of the present invention comprises a centrifugal water vapor separation device 4 and a muffler 10, and a front end cover 21 and a rear end cover 22 are respectively installed at both ends of a cylinder 6. A drain pipe 9 is provided on the cylinder 6.

[0014] The air inlet pipe 1 passes through the front end cover 21 and enters the cylinder 6 , and the air outlet pipe 8 passes through the rear end cover 22 and enters the cylinder 6 .

[0015] The front part of the cylinder 6 is equipped with Figure 2 , Figure 3 The centrifugal water vapor separation device 4 shown in the figure has a Figure 6 The silencer device 10 is shown.

[0016] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown: The main body of the centrifugal water vapor separation device 4 is a cyclone tube 41 , a front baffle 3 is installed at the front end of the cyclone tube 41 , and a rear baffle 5 is installed at the rear end of the cyclone tube 41 .

[0017] The diameters of the front baffle plate 3 and the rear baffle plate 5 are greater than the diameter of the cyclone tube 41 , and the front baffle plate 3 and the rear baffle plate 5 are fixed to the inner wall of the cyclone tube 41 .

[0018] A plurality of front baffle plate meshes 30 are provided in a portion of the front baffle plate 3 that is larger than the outer diameter of the cyclone tube 41 , that is, the front baffle plate meshes 30 correspond to the outside of the cyclone tube 41 .

[0019] The rear bulkhead 5 has an axial hole.

[0020] The front wall of the cyclone 41 is provided with a plurality of cyclone meshes 40, and the rear part of the inner cavity of the cyclone 41 is filled with Figure 5 The stainless steel winding mesh 7 shown. The stainless steel winding mesh 7 is a wire cake formed by rolling and brazing stainless steel wires.

[0021] A swirl plate 42 is fixed to the outer wall of the swirl tube 41, the front end of the swirl plate 42 is fixed to the front partition 3, the rear end of the swirl plate 42 is fixed to the rear partition 5, and the bottom end of the swirl plate 42 is fixed to the outer wall of the swirl tube 41, and the swirl plate 42 and the outer wall of the swirl tube 41 form an angle less than 90 degrees.

[0022] like Figure 6 As shown: The main body of the silencer 10 is a silencer 11 with an arc-shaped cross-section, and a plurality of silencer mesh holes 12 are provided on the silencer 11 .

[0023] A front plate 13 is installed at the front end of the muffler 11 , and a rear plate 14 is installed at the rear end of the muffler 11 . The front plate 13 and the rear plate 14 are respectively provided with axial holes communicating with the inner cavity of the muffler 11 .

[0024] The diameters of the front plate 13 and the rear plate 14 are greater than the diameter of the muffler 11 , and the front plate 13 and the rear plate 14 are fixed to the inner wall of the muffler 11 .

[0025] A baffle 18 is fixed to the outer wall of the muffler 11, the front end of the baffle 18 is fixed to the front plate 13, the rear end of the baffle 18 is fixed to the rear plate 14, and the bottom end of the baffle 18 is fixed to the outer wall of the muffler 11, and the baffle 18 forms an angle less than 90 degrees with the outer wall of the muffler 11.

[0026] A plurality of parallel muffler sheets 15 are installed in the inner cavity of the muffler tube 11 . Each muffler sheet 15 has an arc-shaped notch 16 , and each muffler sheet 15 is provided with a plurality of muffler holes 17 .

[0027] In actual use: The exhaust gas enters the cylinder 6 from the intake pipe 1.

[0028] The water vapor enters the water vapor separation cavity formed by the front baffle plate 3, the rear baffle plate 5, the outer wall of the cyclone cylinder 41 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 6 through the front baffle plate mesh 30 opened on the front baffle plate 3. Figure 4A vortex is formed in the water vapor separation cavity in the direction shown. The high-speed rotating airflow rotates around the cavity between the cyclone tube 41 and the cylinder body 6 for about one circle and then is blocked by the cyclone plate 42. It enters the inner cavity of the cyclone tube 41 through the cyclone tube mesh 40. During this period, the water vapor in the high-temperature airflow collides with the wall on the surface of the cylinder body 6 for pre-cooling and condensation, and then forms liquid water and is deposited and discharged from the drain pipe 9.

[0029] The airflow continues along the inner cavity of the cyclone tube 41 and is discharged to the rear silencer 10 through the stainless steel winding mesh 7. The stainless steel winding mesh 7 is a wire cake made of stainless steel wire rolled and brazed, and has the characteristics of large specific surface area, strong heat storage capacity and good silencer effect.

[0030] The airflow enters the inner cavity of the muffler 11 from the axial hole of the front plate 13, is silenced through the muffler holes 17 on the muffler sheet 15 and the muffler mesh 12 on the muffler 11, and is finally discharged from the axial hole of the rear plate 14 and the air outlet pipe 8.

[0031] The structure of the silencer section can be adaptively adjusted according to the power of the hydrogen fuel engine, and is an impedance composite silencer structure.

[0032] The present invention arranges a water vapor separation device in front of the tail exhaust muffler. The tail gas undergoes two condensation and sedimentation in the water vapor separation device, which can minimize the discharge of white mist in the tail exhaust. After the tail gas enters the device through the intake pipe, it forms a high-speed vortex around the water vapor separation device. After the high-temperature water vapor hits the inner surface of the cylinder, it is pre-cooled and condensed into water for the first time. The tail gas further passes through the stainless steel winding net and condenses for the second time. The condensed water can be discharged through the drainage hole set on the cylinder. An impedance composite muffler is arranged in the water vapor separation device.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention. For example, the centrifugal water vapor separation structure in the present invention can be arranged separately, arranged after the muffler, or adopt radial air intake, and the outer cylinder with a circular cross-section can also be replaced by an elliptical, quasi-elliptical, square, rounded square or other shapes with equivalent functions, which are all regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in this field to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in this field, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this article, but will comply with the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system tail water steam separation muffler, characterized in that: The two ends of the cylinder are respectively equipped with a front cover and a rear cover; the air inlet pipe passes through the front cover to enter the cylinder, and the air outlet pipe passes through the rear cover to enter the cylinder; a drain pipe is provided on the cylinder; a centrifugal water vapor separation device and a muffler are installed in the cylinder; the main body of the centrifugal water vapor separation device is a cyclone cylinder, a front baffle is installed at the front end of the cyclone cylinder, and a rear baffle is installed at the rear end of the cyclone cylinder; The diameters of the front baffle and the rear baffle are larger than the diameter of the cyclone tube, and the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixed to the inner wall of the cyclone tube; the front baffle is provided with a plurality of front baffle mesh holes at a portion larger than the outer diameter of the cyclone tube; the rear baffle has an axial hole; a plurality of cyclone mesh holes are provided on the front wall of the cyclone tube, and the rear part of the inner cavity of the cyclone tube is filled with a stainless steel winding net; a cyclone plate is fixed to the outer wall of the cyclone tube, the front end of the cyclone plate is fixed to the front baffle, the rear end of the cyclone plate is fixed to the rear baffle, the bottom end of the cyclone plate is fixed to the outer wall of the cyclone tube, and the cyclone plate forms an angle less than 90 degrees with the outer wall of the cyclone tube.

2. A hydrogen fuel cell system tail water vapor separation muffler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The stainless steel winding mesh is made of cylindrical stainless steel wires woven into wave crests and troughs and wound layer by layer.

3. The tailwater steam separation muffler of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the silencer is a silencer with an arc-shaped cross-section, and a plurality of silencer mesh holes are provided on the silencer; a front plate is installed at the front end of the silencer, and a rear plate is installed at the rear end of the silencer, and the front plate and the rear plate are respectively provided with axial holes connected to the inner cavity of the silencer; the diameters of the front plate and the rear plate are larger than the diameter of the silencer, and the front plate and the rear plate are fixed to the inner wall of the silencer; a baffle is fixed to the outer wall of the silencer, the front end of the baffle is fixed to the front plate, the rear end of the baffle is fixed to the rear plate, and the bottom end of the baffle is fixed to the outer wall of the silencer, and the baffle forms an angle less than 90 degrees with the outer wall of the silencer; a plurality of parallel silencer plates are installed in the inner cavity of the silencer, and a plurality of silencer holes are provided on each silencer plate.

4. A hydrogen fuel cell system tail water vapor separation muffler as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Each sound-absorbing sheet has an arc-shaped notch.

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