Dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises a substrate layer, a radiator layer and a grounding layer which are sequentially stacked, and the substrate layer, the radiator layer and the grounding layer are all made of conductive fabric. The radiator layer is provided with a radiation patch, and the radiation patch is used for resonance in a monopole mode; the radiation patch is provided with a biconical groove, and the biconical groove is used for resonance in a Vivaldi mode. The antenna can be flexibly switched between two radiation modes through different excitation ports, can realize ultra-wideband radiation with different wave beam characteristics in two frequency bands, is slightly influenced by a human body, has the characteristics of flexibility and low profile, and can be easily applied to clothes or other human body wearable electronic equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, and in particular relates to a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of wireless body area network technology (WBAN) and its wide application in medical, monitoring, Internet of Things and other fields, people have an increasing demand for wearable antennas with frequency diversity and compact size. In recent years, various dual-band shared aperture wearable antennas have been studied, and a dual-band hybrid mode wearable button antenna has emerged, which can operate in monopole mode and planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) mode, respectively realizing omnidirectional and wide-side radiation directions in two different frequency bands; another antenna combining monopole and cross-dipole modes can realize dual-band dual-polarization radiation. However, the lower band working bandwidth of these dual-band wearable antennas is relatively narrow (less than 8%), and it is impossible to achieve ultra-wideband radiation in two frequency bands at the same time. In addition, due to their high profile characteristics, these published antennas are not suitable for conformal applications. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-frequency dual-mode conformal ultra-wideband antenna for communication, which combines the capabilities of a monopole radiator and a Vivaldi array, achieves ultra-wideband radiation in two operating frequency bands, is less affected by the human body, and is suitable for use in wearable devices.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna, comprising a substrate layer, a radiator layer and a ground layer stacked in sequence, wherein the substrate layer, the radiator layer and the ground layer are all made of conductive fabric;

[0006] The radiator layer is provided with a radiating patch, and the radiating patch is used to resonate in a monopole mode;

[0007] The radiating patch is provided with a double-tapered slot, which is used to resonate in the Vivaldi mode.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner edge of the double-tapered groove is defined by the exponential curve y, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0009] y=c×e rx

[0010] Wherein, y is the exponential curve, c is the adjustment constant, r is the exponential coefficient of the curve, e is the Euler number, and x is the position variable.

[0011] Further, the antenna has a first port, which is connected to the radiation patch and is used to receive a signal with a frequency of 0.92-1.62 GHz;

[0012] The antenna has a second port and a third port, wherein the second port and the third port are respectively connected to the double-conical slot and are used to receive signals with a frequency of 2.71-11.1 GHz.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the ground layer is provided with a ground plane of a monopole radiator;

[0014] The grounding surface of the monopole radiator is symmetrically provided with two quarter-circle notches, and a rectangular groove is provided in the middle of the inner edge of the grounding surface.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the ground layer is symmetrically provided with two feed lines, which are electrically connected to the double-conical slots respectively;

[0016] The two feed lines are respectively composed of two pairs of ladder lines and a fan, and are used to transmit signals in Vivaldi mode.

[0017] Exemplarily, the base layer is in the shape of a cylindrical sheet.

[0018] Exemplarily, the conductive fabric has a surface impedance of 0.03Ω / square and a thickness of 0.1mm.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an application based on the above-mentioned dual-frequency dual-mode aperture shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna, specifically, it is applied in clothing, portable electronic devices or wearable devices.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present application also provides an application based on the above-mentioned dual-frequency dual-mode aperture shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna, specifically, applied in near-air balloon communication equipment or near-air kite communication equipment.

[0021] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application includes at least the following effects.

[0022] The above-mentioned dual-band dual-mode aperture shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna has a compact structural layout, combines the capabilities of a monopole radiator and a Vivaldi array, and realizes ultra-wideband radiation in two different frequency bands. The flexible conductive fabric makes the antenna easy to use in wearable products for the human body. The antenna has great prospects in wearable electronic products and wireless broadband network applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A reference diagram of the dimensions of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A reference diagram of the dimensions of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the position of the first port of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the positions of the second port and the third port of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 The simulation results of the reflection coefficients of the three ports of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 The radiation pattern of the monopole mode antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the monopole mode antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig. 9 The radiation pattern of the Vivaldi mode antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.10 The radiation pattern of the Vivaldi mode antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1. Radiator layer; 2. Base layer; 3. Ground layer; P1, first port; P2, second port; P3, third port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clear, the technical solution of the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0037] In an application example, please refer to Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, which provides a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna, which realizes omnidirectional radiation and directional radiation by operating in a monopole mode of 1.3 GHz and a Vivaldi mode of 6 GHz respectively.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The size reference diagram of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, and the preferred antenna size parameters are: the total size is 105×80×1mm 3 , the optimized dimensions of each component are: Wf = 6mm, Lf = 6mm, Wr = 37.5mm, Lm = 75mm, Lr = 13mm, Lv = 37mm, Dc = 4mm, Ws = 0.6mm, Rc = 5mm, Ld = 20mm, Lk = 20mm, Rs = 5.46mm, Wk = 5mm, Wz = 1.5mm, θs = 100°. All the above parameters can be freely set according to actual needs, and are only used as examples here.

[0039] The technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0040] A dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna comprises a substrate layer, a radiator layer and a ground layer which are stacked in sequence, wherein the substrate layer, the radiator layer and the ground layer are all made of conductive fabric.

[0041] The radiator layer is provided with a radiating patch for resonating in a monopole mode.

[0042] The radiating patch is provided with a double-tapered slot for resonating in the Vivaldi mode.

[0043] Among them, the monopole antenna is a resonant antenna, and its antenna length is determined by the wavelength of the radio waves received and transmitted. The monopole antenna is usually composed of a single conductor mounted on a ground plane, with one side of the receiver or transmitter feeder connected to the conductor and the other side grounded. The monopole antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern and is used for transmission within a wide coverage range; the Vivaldi antenna is a type of tapered slot antenna (TSA), the difference being that the curve at the slot is an exponential gradient line. The Vivaldi antenna is an end-fire ultra-wideband traveling wave antenna that is widely used in ultra-wideband wireless communications, direction finding, broadband phased array radar, and radio astronomy.

[0044] Specifically, the base layer, the radiator layer and the ground layer are all made of conductive fabric, so that the antenna as a whole has a flexible structure and can be better used in clothing and wearable devices.

[0045] Specifically, in monopole mode, the antenna relies on the radiating patch to achieve resonance. When the RF current flows in the radiating patch (as part of the monopole antenna), a magnetic field is generated around the antenna, and the changing magnetic field generates an electric field. These electric and magnetic fields are intertwined to form electromagnetic waves that radiate into space; in Vivaldi mode, the double conical slots on the radiating patch play a key role. The Vivaldi antenna is a gradient slot antenna. When energy enters the double conical slot, it propagates along the slot line. It is worth mentioning that the design of the double conical line has better anti-interference ability, which can effectively reduce path loss and increase gain.

[0046] The above-mentioned dual-band dual-mode aperture shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna uses conductive fabric to design a single-layer radiation patch, and loads two conical grooves on the radiation patch. It can achieve broadband operation in two different frequency bands and is less affected by the human body. It is easy to use on clothing and wearable devices, with high stability and strong practicality.

[0047] Furthermore, the inner edge of the double-tapered groove is defined by the exponential curve y, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0048] y=c×e rx

[0049] Wherein, y is the exponential curve, c is the adjustment constant, r is the exponential coefficient of the curve, e is the Euler number, and x is the position variable.

[0050] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the radiating patch in the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture shared conformal ultra-wideband antenna of the present invention is provided with a double conical slot, the inner edge of the double conical slot is defined by a specific exponential curve, the value of r is 0.11, the value of c is 0.3, and its function is to adjust the amplitude of the curve, which can be optimized and selected according to the actual antenna design requirements to obtain the best antenna performance.

[0051] By adjusting the parameters of the exponential curve, the width and shape of the slot can be precisely controlled to meet the radiation conditions at different frequencies. For example, when the slot width is greater than half the wavelength of the operating frequency and less than twice the wavelength, the antenna can generate effective radiation. At low frequencies, the slot end opening width does not meet the radiation condition of being greater than half the wavelength, and the electromagnetic waves are confined in the slot; as the frequency increases, when the slot end opening width is greater than half the wavelength, the electromagnetic waves begin to radiate outward.

[0052] Furthermore, the antenna has a first port, which is connected to the radiation patch and is used to receive a signal with a frequency of 0.92-1.62 GHz.

[0053] The antenna has a second port and a third port, wherein the second port and the third port are respectively connected to the double-conical slot and are used to receive signals with a frequency of 2.71-11.1 GHz.

[0054] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the positions of the first port, the second port, and the third port of the antenna shown in the figure can flexibly switch between the two radiation modes through different excitation ports, and can achieve ultra-wideband radiation with different beam characteristics in two frequency bands. When the antenna is fed by the first port P1, the antenna operates in monopole mode and the radiation pattern is omnidirectional; when the antenna is fed in reverse phase by the second port P2 and the third port P3 at the same time, the antenna operates in Vivaldi mode. The 1×2 Vivaldi antenna array proposed in the embodiment of the present application can further reduce the path loss and improve the directivity and radiation gain of the antenna.

[0055] The antenna has excellent broadband performance in both its low-frequency band and high-frequency band, which means that it can effectively and stably receive and process signals of various frequencies within its effective frequency range. For example, it can receive and process specific low-frequency signals from communication base stations and signals from other low-frequency wireless devices, and can adapt to the needs of various high-frequency wireless communications and radar systems, covering a wide range of frequencies from some Wi-Fi bands to 5G communication bands and millimeter-wave radar bands, greatly improving the spectrum utilization of the antenna.

[0056] Furthermore, the ground layer is provided with a ground plane of the monopole radiator.

[0057] The grounding surface of the monopole radiator is symmetrically provided with two quarter-circle notches, and a rectangular groove is provided in the middle of the inner edge of the grounding surface.

[0058] In the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the ground layer is provided with a ground plane of the radiator layer, and this ground plane provides a stable reference potential for the radiation performance of the antenna. At the same time, by designing the special shape of the ground plane, the impedance matching and radiation characteristics of the antenna can be effectively improved, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the bandwidth.

[0059] Specifically, the ground plane of the monopole radiator is symmetrically provided with two quarter-circle notches. The design of these two notches changes the current distribution of the ground plane. When the antenna is working, the radio frequency current flows in the ground layer, and when encountering these quarter-circle notches, the path of the current changes. This change makes the impedance of the antenna more matched within a specific frequency range, reduces reflection loss, and thus broadens the working bandwidth of the antenna. For example, in the low frequency band, these notches can effectively adjust the equivalent inductance and capacitance of the antenna, so that the antenna can better match the external circuit and receive and radiate signals of a wider frequency range.

[0060] Specifically, a rectangular groove is provided in the middle of the inner edge of the ground plane. The function of this rectangular groove is similar to that of a quarter-circle notch, and the performance of the antenna is also adjusted by changing the current distribution of the ground layer. The presence of the rectangular groove enables the antenna to achieve better impedance matching in the high frequency band. When a high-frequency signal passes through the antenna, the rectangular groove can affect the radiation pattern and directivity of the antenna, reduce the reflection and scattering of the signal, and thus increase the bandwidth of the antenna in the high frequency band.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, two feeding lines are symmetrically arranged on the ground layer and are electrically connected to the double-conical slots respectively.

[0062] The two feed lines are respectively composed of two pairs of ladder lines and a fan, and are used to transmit signals in Vivaldi mode.

[0063] In this antenna, two feed lines are symmetrically arranged on the ground layer, which play a key role in the operation of the antenna. They are electrically connected to the double-conical slots respectively and are responsible for transmitting signals in the Vivaldi mode. Each feed line consists of two pairs of trapezoidal lines and a fan, aiming to achieve efficient signal transmission and good antenna performance.

[0064] Specifically, two pairs of trapezoidal lines play a role in guiding and controlling signal transmission in the feeder. The shape and size of the trapezoidal lines determine the propagation characteristics of the signal in the feeder. By rationally designing parameters such as the angle, length, and width of the trapezoidal lines, the impedance of the feeder can be adjusted to better match the double-conical slot and the external circuit. This can reduce reflection and loss of the signal during transmission and improve the transmission efficiency of the signal. For example, in the Vivaldi mode, when the signal enters the feeder from the external circuit, the shape of the trapezoidal line can make the signal gradually transition to the double-conical slot, avoiding signal mutations and discontinuities. At the same time, the trapezoidal line can also filter and shape the signal, remove unnecessary frequency components, and improve the purity and quality of the signal.

[0065] Specifically, the fan-shaped part plays a role of connection and transition in the feeder. The fan-shaped design allows the signal to be transmitted smoothly between the two pairs of trapezoidal lines, avoiding signal interruption and interference. At the same time, in the Vivaldi mode, after the signal enters the double-conical slot through the fan-shaped part, it will propagate along the slot line and generate radiation. The fan-shaped design can make the signal more evenly distributed when entering the double-conical slot, improve the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna, increase the bandwidth of the feeder, and enable it to transmit signals of a wider frequency.

[0066] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the base layer is in the shape of a cylindrical sheet.

[0067] Since the embodiments provided by the present invention are designed to be applied in wearable devices for the human body, considering the natural curvature of the human body surface, for example, the antenna can be designed as a cylindrical sheet with a curvature of 12.5, which fits the cylindrical shape of the human wrist. This conformal design enables the antenna to be tightly wrapped around the wrist. No matter how the wrist is bent or turned, the antenna can always maintain good contact with the skin, and will not be displaced or loosened due to activity, thereby ensuring stable reception and transmission of signals. Different people may have different wearing habits and wrist sizes, but the base layer in the shape of a cylindrical sheet has good adaptability. It can be appropriately adjusted according to the thickness of an individual's wrist, and whether it is worn loosely or close to the skin, it can maintain a good conformal effect to meet the needs of different users. Due to the conformal fit of the base layer of the cylindrical sheet with the wrist, the distance between the antenna and the human body is more stable. This helps to reduce signal attenuation and interference and improve the stability and reliability of signal transmission. In particular, in wearable devices for the human body, stable signal transmission is crucial to achieving functions such as real-time communication, data transmission, and health monitoring.

[0068] The cylindrical substrate is easy to integrate with other components of wearable devices. For example, the antenna can be integrated with the flexible circuit board, sensor, etc. inside the watch strap or bracelet to achieve a more compact and integrated design. At the same time, the flexibility and conformality of the conductive fabric enable the antenna to adapt to different strap materials and design styles, providing more possibilities for the appearance design of wearable devices.

[0069] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the surface impedance of the conductive fabric is 0.03Ω / square and the thickness is 0.1mm.

[0070] In the implementation of this application, a conductive fabric with a surface impedance of 0.03Ω / square and a thickness of 0.1mm is selected to minimize the surface impedance, reduce signal reflection and loss, enhance high-frequency performance, and improve radiation efficiency.

[0071] Specifically, low-impedance conductive fabric facilitates cooperation with other circuit components inside the antenna. The low impedance of 0.03Ω / square can better match the impedance with these circuits. For example, when the signal is transmitted from the feed line to the radiator layer or the ground layer, the low impedance can reduce the signal reflection at the interface, so that the signal can be transmitted more smoothly between the various components, ensuring the efficient operation of the entire antenna system.

[0072] Specifically, the 0.1 mm thickness combined with the low-impedance conductive fabric is conducive to integration with other electronic devices or systems. Because these devices may have high requirements for the signal transmission quality and power of the antenna, the low-impedance antenna can better meet these requirements, and during the integration process, due to its good impedance characteristics, flexibility and low profile properties, it can reduce interference with other devices and improve the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0073] In a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture-sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna proposed in an embodiment of the present application, the surface impedance of the optional conductive fabric is 0.03Ω / square and the thickness is 0.1mm.

[0074] Furthermore, the base layer is made of Kevlar fiber with a thickness of 1-3 mm.

[0075] Kevlar is an aramid fiber material, an organic high-performance fiber with a relative dielectric constant of 2.6 and a loss tangent of 0.006. It has extremely high strength, which is about 5 times higher than that of steel of the same mass. It can be used as a material for helmet manufacturing. Kevlar fiber has a low density of about 1.44g / cm 3, which is much lighter than metal materials. This makes it a great advantage in application scenarios where weight reduction is required. At the same time, it also has good flexibility and can be woven and wound into various shapes. At the same time, its modulus is also high. The modulus refers to the ability of a material to resist elastic deformation when subjected to force. The high modulus of Kevlar fiber makes it less likely to stretch and deform when subjected to external force, and can maintain good shape stability.

[0076] Specifically, when Kevlar fiber is applied to the base layer of the antenna proposed in the embodiment of the present application, it can provide good mechanical support for the antenna. In some complex usage environments, such as situations where the antenna may be squeezed, collided or twisted by external forces, Kevlar fiber can effectively prevent the base layer from deforming, thereby ensuring the overall structural integrity of the antenna. For example, in the application of wearable device antennas, people's daily activities will inevitably produce various forces on the device, and the Kevlar fiber base layer can withstand these forces to ensure the normal operation of the antenna. Due to its high modulus, the Kevlar fiber base layer is not prone to elongation and deformation when subjected to external forces. It can maintain the shape accuracy of the antenna and maintain the radiation characteristics and signal transmission performance of the antenna.

[0077] Preferably, the base layer is made of Kevlar fiber with a thickness of 1 mm, which can be better applied in wearable devices or clothing while maintaining the radiation efficiency and signal transmission performance of the antenna, and has better comfort.

[0078] The embodiment of the present application provides the simulation results of the reflection coefficients of the three ports of a dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna proposed in the embodiment of the present application through simulation experiments. Please refer to Figure 6 The simulation results of the reflection coefficients of the three ports (i.e., S11, S22, and S33) of the proposed antenna are shown, where the ordinate is the scattering parameters of the antenna, which describes the characteristics of the transmission channel, and the abscissa is the operating frequency of the antenna. When the antenna works in the monopole mode (fed by the first port P1), the -10dB impedance bandwidth is 0.92-1.62GHz, and the fractional bandwidth can reach 55%. When the antenna works in the Vivaldi mode (fed in reverse phase by the second port P2 and the third port P3), the -10dB impedance bandwidth is 2.71-11.1GHz, and the fractional bandwidth is 121.5%.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8The radiation pattern of the monopole mode antenna is shown, which shows the simulated radiation pattern of the monopole mode antenna in the xz and yz planes at three frequencies (0.95 / 1.3 / 1.6GHz) within the working band. The results clearly show that the antenna has two nulls in the xz plane and shows the expected omnidirectional radiation pattern in the yz plane. That is to say, the antenna has bidirectional radiation in the xz plane and omnidirectional radiation in the yz plane. The peak gains of the proposed antenna at these three frequencies are 3.4 / 2.9 / 4.5dBi respectively, and the cross-polarization level is less than 14dB.

[0080] Please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The radiation pattern of the Vivaldi mode antenna is shown, which shows the simulated radiation patterns in the xz and xy planes at 3, 6 and 10 GHz respectively in the Vivaldi mode. In this mode, the antenna has an end-emitting mode, radiating along θ = 90 in the xz plane and φ = 180 in the yz plane. The maximum radiation direction is concentrated on the +x axis, and the peak gain of the proposed antenna at these three frequencies is 3.96 / 7.65 / 9.27dBi respectively. The XOZ / XOY plane lobe widths of the antenna at these three frequencies are 158° / 70°, 97° / 26° and 75° / 20° respectively, and the radiation pattern exhibits a low cross-polarization level and a high front-to-back ratio.

[0081] The results of the simulation experiments show that in both working modes, the radiation efficiency of the entire working band is above 73%. The antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth in both monopole mode and Vivaldi mode, and can cover multiple communication frequency bands. This allows the antenna to be stably applied in different wireless communication systems, meet a variety of communication needs, improve the flexibility and adaptability of the communication system, reduce the need for multiple antennas, and reduce system cost and complexity.

[0082] Antennas in different modes have different radiation patterns and gain characteristics. The bidirectional radiation and omnidirectional radiation in the monopole mode, as well as the end-transmission mode in the Vivaldi mode, allow the antenna to select the appropriate working mode according to different application scenarios. For example, in indoor wireless communications, omnidirectional radiation can achieve uniform coverage of the signal; in long-distance communications, the end-transmission mode can improve the transmission distance and directivity of the signal. In addition, the antenna has a high peak gain at different frequencies, which can improve the transmission strength and receiving sensitivity of the signal. Since the antenna has the characteristics of dual-band dual-mode and wide-band coverage, as well as diversified radiation characteristics and high gain performance, it has a wide range of application potential.

[0083] The embodiment of the present application proposes a flexible dual-band dual-beam wearable conformal antenna. The antenna is based on a monopole antenna and integrates a 1×2 Vivaldi antenna array. By switching different feed ports, 0.92-1.62GHz monopole mode omnidirectional radiation and 2.71-11.1GHz Vivaldi mode end-fire radiation can be achieved.

[0084] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides an application based on the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna involved above. The implementation solution provided by the application is similar to the implementation solution recorded in the above antenna, so the specific limitations in one or more application embodiments provided below can refer to the above limitations on the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna, which will not be repeated here.

[0085] In an exemplary embodiment, an application based on the above-mentioned dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna is provided, which can be applied in clothing, portable electronic devices or wearable devices.

[0086] The antenna proposed in this application is made of conductive fabric, has flexible characteristics, and is small in size and low in profile, so that the antenna can fit the curve of the human body well and will not produce an abrupt feeling on the clothes. When the antenna is placed on the cuffs, collar or waist of the clothes, it can bend naturally with the movement of the human body, and will not restrict human activities or affect the comfort of wearing due to the rigid structure. Moreover, the dual-band dual-mode characteristics of the antenna enable it to simultaneously support signal reception and transmission in different frequency bands. In the application scenario where clothes are used as carriers, this means that it can be compatible with a variety of wireless communication devices and technologies; the ultra-wideband characteristics enable the antenna to receive and transmit signals in a wider frequency range, providing higher data transmission speeds and better communication quality. When wearing clothes with such antennas, users can download or upload data faster.

[0087] For example, for clothing, dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antennas can be cleverly integrated into specific parts of clothing, such as collars, cuffs, pocket edges, etc. Special sewing techniques can be used to tightly combine the antenna base layer, radiator layer, and ground layer made of conductive fabric with the clothing fabric to ensure that the antenna will not shift or be damaged during daily wear and washing. For example, in sportswear, the antenna can be integrated at the collar to facilitate users to receive and send wireless signals during exercise and achieve connection with sports monitoring devices or smartphones. Alternatively, in smart glasses, the antenna can be integrated on the legs or frames of the glasses. Due to the delicate structure of glasses, miniaturized antenna design is required. Nanotechnology or micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) technology can be used to make the antenna into a tiny sheet structure and affix it to specific parts of the glasses. For example, a conductive fabric antenna can be affixed to the inside of the legs of the glasses to achieve wireless communication and data transmission functions by connecting to the electronic components inside the glasses.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, an application based on the above-mentioned dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna is provided, which can be used in a near-air balloon communication device or a near-air kite communication device.

[0089] In scenarios such as deep forest detection or emergency rescue where the infrastructure is weak and the communication signal is poor, balloon and kite communication equipment can be used as a fast-deployed, low-cost means of communication. Compared with traditional satellite communications or large drone communication systems, kite near-air detection and communication technology is much cheaper. The manufacturing cost of the kite itself is relatively low, and it does not require complex launch and maintenance equipment. For example, in forest rescue and deep mountain emergency communication scenarios, the use of kite communication systems can greatly reduce rescue costs, allowing more resources to be used for actual rescue operations. At the same time, the maintenance cost is also low. The kite has a simple structure and is easy to maintain and repair. In an emergency, damaged parts can be quickly replaced to ensure the continued operation of the communication system.

[0090] Specifically, for near-air balloon communication equipment, the antenna is connected to the communication module on the balloon through a flexible cable. The communication module can integrate functions such as data processing, storage, and signal modulation and demodulation. When the balloon is flying at high altitude, the antenna receives signals from ground base stations or other communication sources and transmits them to the communication module for processing. At the same time, the communication module can also send sensor data (such as meteorological data, environmental monitoring data, etc.) carried on the balloon through the antenna. During the signal transmission process, the dual-frequency and dual-mode characteristics of the antenna can be used to select the appropriate frequency mode according to different communication needs, thereby improving the stability and transmission efficiency of the signal.

[0091] In summary, the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is composed of a substrate layer made of conductive fabric, a radiator layer and a ground layer stacked in sequence. The radiating patch is used to resonate in the monopole mode, and the double-conical slot thereon operates in the Vivaldi mode, and the inner edge of the double-conical slot is defined by a specific exponential curve. The antenna has three ports, corresponding to the reception of high-frequency band signals of 2.71-11.1 GHz and low-frequency band signals of 0.92-1.62 GHz, respectively. The ground layer is provided with two quarter-circle notches, and a rectangular slot is provided in the middle of its inner edge, and a feeder consisting of two pairs of trapezoidal lines and a fan-shaped is also loaded. The substrate layer is a cylindrical sheet, and the conductive fabric has a small surface impedance and a thin thickness, and can also be made of Kevlar fiber. The antenna can be used in clothing, portable electronic devices or wearable devices, and near-air balloons or near-air kite communication equipment. It has dual-frequency dual-mode ultra-wideband characteristics, is less affected by the human body, has conformal design and strong flexibility. Its special structure can improve gain, and has strong transmission stability. It has a wide range of application scenarios and provides strong technical support for fields such as smart life and near-space communications.

[0092] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the embodiments of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the embodiments of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the embodiments of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a base layer, a radiator layer and a ground layer which are stacked in sequence, wherein the base layer, the radiator layer and the ground layer are all made of conductive fabric; The radiator layer is provided with a radiating patch, and the radiating patch is used to resonate in a monopole mode; The radiation patch is provided with a double-conical slot, and the double-conical slot is used for resonating in the Vivaldi mode.

2. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner edge of the double-tapered groove is defined by the exponential curve y, and the specific formula is as follows: and=c×e rx Wherein, y is the exponential curve, c is the adjustment constant, r is the exponential coefficient of the curve, e is the Euler number, and x is the position variable.

3. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna has a first port, which is connected to the radiation patch and is used to receive a signal with a frequency of 0.92-1.62 GHz; The antenna has a second port and a third port, and the second port and the third port are respectively connected to the double-conical slot for receiving signals with a frequency of 2.71-11.1 GHz.

4. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding layer is provided with a grounding surface of a monopole radiator; The grounding surface of the monopole radiator is symmetrically provided with two quarter-circle notches, and a rectangular groove is provided in the middle of the inner edge of the grounding surface.

5. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding layer is symmetrically provided with two feeder wires, which are electrically connected to the double-conical slots respectively; The two feed lines are respectively composed of two pairs of trapezoidal lines and a fan, and are used to transmit signals in the Vivaldi mode.

6. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer is in the shape of a cylindrical sheet.

7. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive fabric has a surface impedance of 0.03Ω / square and a thickness of 0.1mm.

8. The dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer is made of Kevlar fiber with a thickness of 1-3 mm.

9. An application of the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Used in clothing, portable electronic devices or wearable devices.

10. An application of the dual-frequency dual-mode aperture sharing conformal ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is applied in near-air balloon communication equipment or near-air kite communication equipment.

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