Agricultural fertilizing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural fertilizing device which comprises fertilizer boxes, a serial cross rod is arranged between two height-adjustable ridge walking vehicle bodies, a plurality of fertilizer boxes are sequentially distributed on the serial cross rod, the lower ends of the fertilizer boxes are material gathering inclined bottoms, the lowest ends of the material gathering inclined bottoms are provided with joint material guiding cylinders, and the lower ends of the joint material guiding cylinders are nested and rotationally connected with swing material conveying cylinders; an electric fertilizer spreading structure is arranged at the end of the swing conveying barrel, an electric feeding structure is arranged at the lower end of the joint guide barrel, the lower portion of the electric feeding structure is in swing connection with a transmission connecting rod, the lower end of the transmission connecting rod is rotationally connected with a long connecting rod and a sensing wheel, and the upper end of the long connecting rod is rotationally connected to the front side of the bottom of the fertilizer box. A four-rod structure with a sensing wheel is arranged between the electric fertilizer spreading structure and the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the opening orientation and height of a fertilizer spreading disc of the electric fertilizer spreading structure are automatically changed according to whether soil is soft or not, so that different application requirements of water-soluble fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer are automatically met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilization, and in particular relates to an agricultural fertilization device. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the development of fertilization technology plays a vital role in improving crop yield and quality. The rational application of fertilizers can not only effectively meet the nutrient needs of crops, but also significantly improve agricultural production efficiency and reduce resource waste and environmental pollution. However, due to the wide variety of fertilizers, different types of fertilizers have significant differences in physical properties, nutrient release mechanisms and application effects. Therefore, it is of great significance to select a scientific application method for specific fertilizers. Broadcast fertilization, as a fertilization method with simple operation and wide coverage, has been widely used in modern agriculture due to its strong applicability. However, the performance and requirements of different fertilizers in broadcast application are not the same. This difference is mainly reflected in the application management of water-soluble fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers.

[0003] Water-soluble fertilizers can be directly infiltrated into the deep soil layer with water due to their rapid dissolution in water, and quickly absorbed by the crop roots, thus achieving efficient nutrient utilization. Therefore, water-soluble fertilizers need to be applied after the soil is fully moistened to ensure that the fertilizer can be quickly integrated into the soil moisture and effectively transferred to the crop root distribution area. In actual operation, the spreading of water-soluble fertilizers should try to avoid the roots of crops, and should be applied preferentially between the crop rows to avoid root burns. In contrast, slow-release fertilizers can achieve the slow release of nutrients through specific coating or modification technology, and continuously provide a stable nutrient supply for crops. Unlike water-soluble fertilizers, the release process of slow-release fertilizers does not completely depend on the soil moisture state, so there is no need to fully water the soil before application. In addition, since the nutrient release rate of slow-release fertilizers is relatively slow, it will not cause the local nutrient concentration to increase rapidly, so it is less irritating to the crop roots and the risk of burns is significantly reduced. This feature makes the slow-release fertilizers spread as much as possible between the rows when spreading, so as to improve the fertilization efficiency.

[0004] Mechanized fertilization can significantly improve fertilization efficiency. Since different fertilization modes need to be set for the application of water-soluble fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers, in order to further improve the efficiency of fertilization operations, it is necessary to introduce automation technology to enable a set of fertilization devices to automatically adjust different application modes of water-soluble fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers. Although traditional sensor technology can achieve a high degree of automation, its complexity and increased cost may have a negative impact on the economy and robustness of agricultural production. Therefore, a device with a mechanical structure that can automatically adjust the fertilization height is specially designed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the technical problems described in the above background technology, the present invention provides an agricultural fertilization device, which uses the farmland ridge as the walking path of an adjustable high ridge walking body to avoid walking between crop rows and reduce the risk of damage to crops. At the same time, multiple fertilizer boxes are arranged on the adjustable high ridge walking body according to the distance between crop rows. By arranging an electric feeding structure and an electric fertilizer spreading structure at the bottom of the fertilizer box, electric fertilizer spreading is realized. At the same time, a four-bar structure with a sensing wheel is arranged between the electric fertilizer spreading structure and the bottom of the fertilizer box. The opening direction and height of the fertilizer spreading plate of the electric fertilizer spreading structure are automatically changed according to whether the soil is soft or not, so as to meet the different application requirements of water-soluble fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an agricultural fertilizing device, including a fertilizer box, a series cross bar, an adjustable height ridge walking vehicle body, a joint guide cylinder, a swing transfer cylinder, an electric feeding structure, an electric fertilizer spreading structure, a transmission connecting rod, a sensing wheel and a long connecting rod, two adjustable height ridge walking vehicles are used to be erected on two ridges of the farmland and a series cross bar is arranged between them, a plurality of fertilizer boxes are sequentially distributed on the series cross bar, the lower end of the fertilizer box is a material gathering inclined bottom, the lowest end of the material gathering inclined bottom is provided with a joint guide cylinder, the lower end of the joint guide cylinder is nested and rotatably connected with A swinging material transfer cylinder is provided with an electric fertilizer spreading structure at the end of the swinging material transfer cylinder away from the engaging material guide cylinder. The electric fertilizer spreading structure can swing up and down around the rotating connection with the engaging material guide cylinder. The lower end of the engaging material guide cylinder is also provided with an electric feeding structure for forcibly feeding the fertilizer from the engaging material guide cylinder into the swinging material transfer cylinder. The lower part of the electric feeding structure is rotatably connected to a transmission connecting rod, and the lower end of the transmission connecting rod is rotatably connected to a long connecting rod and a sensing wheel. The long connecting rod extends toward the upper front away from the transmission connecting rod and the upper end is rotatably connected to the bottom front side of the fertilizer box.

[0007] Furthermore, the fertilizer spreading disc and the swinging material transfer cylinder form a shortest rod, the transmission connecting rod serves as an intermediate connecting rod, the long connecting rod serves as a crank rod, the shortest rod, the connecting rod and the crank rod form a four-rod structure arranged below the inclined bottom of the material gathering device, and the sensing wheel is arranged on the hinge of the connecting rod and the crank rod. The lower side of the sensing wheel contacts the ground and drives the hinge of the connecting rod and the crank rod to move up and down, thereby driving the fertilizer spreading disc to swing, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the fertilizer spreading direction.

[0008] Furthermore, a tension spring for lifting the fertilizer spreading plate is provided between the upper front side of the fertilizer spreading plate and the bottom rear side of the fertilizer box.

[0009] Furthermore, a stem and branch distribution cover for distributing crop stems and branches to both sides is provided on the long connecting rod, and the stem and branch distribution cover is a symmetrical folding plate structure extending obliquely from the lower front side of the fertilizer box to the rear and lower side.

[0010] Furthermore, the electric fertilizer spreading structure includes a fertilizer spreading disc, a fertilizer spreading motor and a spreading wheel. The fertilizer spreading disc is arranged at the rear end of the swinging material transfer barrel and the rear end of the fertilizer spreading disc is provided with an opening for spreading fertilizer backwards. A spreading wheel with curved blades is provided in the fertilizer spreading disc. The spreading wheel is driven to rotate by the fertilizer spreading motor on the fertilizer spreading disc and can spread the fertilizer in the swinging material transfer barrel out from the opening of the fertilizer spreading disc.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of blocking strips with increasing spacing between adjacent strips are sequentially arranged on the opening of the fertilizer spreading disc according to the rotation direction of the spreading wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, the electric feeding structure includes a feeding motor arranged outside the engaging guide barrel and a feeding wheel arranged inside the engaging guide barrel. The feeding motor drives the feeding wheel to rotate, and the feeding wheel can force the fertilizer in the fertilizer spreading plate into the swinging transfer barrel through the engaging guide barrel.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustable height ridge walking vehicle body includes a ridge frame, adjustable height legs and rollers. The upper part of the ridge frame is nested and locked on the end of the series cross bar and the lower part is provided with an adjustable height leg for adjusting the height of the ridge frame. The lower part of the adjustable height leg is provided with a roller for moving along the ridge of the farmland.

[0014] Furthermore, the fertilizer box is provided with a cross bar sleeve for being nested in the series cross bar, and the cross bar sleeve is provided with a positioning locking bolt for locking the fertilizer box on the series cross bar.

[0015] Furthermore, the inclined bottom of the material gathering device is made of three trapezoidal plates, including an isosceles trapezoidal plate and two right-angled trapezoidal plates. The non-right-angled waist edges of the two right-angled trapezoidal plates are respectively abutted against the two waist edges of the isosceles trapezoidal plate on the left and right, and the upper bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate and the right-angled trapezoidal plate form an upper port of the joint guide tube located in the center of the rear wall of the fertilizer box.

[0016] The present invention adopts the above technology, and the beneficial effects produced are:

[0017] 1. The present invention uses the farmland ridge as the walking path of the adjustable height ridge walking vehicle body, and adopts a flat wheel sensing wheel to roll in the center of the crop rows, so as to avoid the weight of the fertilizer application machine being pressed between the crop rows and reduce the risk of damage to the crops.

[0018] 2. The present invention arranges multiple fertilizer boxes on an adjustable height ridge walking vehicle body according to the distance between crop rows, and realizes electric fertilizer spreading by arranging an electric feeding structure and an electric fertilizer spreading structure at the bottom of the fertilizer box. At the same time, a four-bar structure with a sensing wheel is arranged between the electric fertilizer spreading structure and the bottom of the fertilizer box. The opening direction and height of the fertilizer spreading plate of the electric fertilizer spreading structure are automatically changed according to whether the soil is soft or not, so as to meet the different application requirements of water-soluble fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers.

[0019] 3. In order to keep the fertilizer spreading plate at the lower rear of the corresponding fertilizer box and avoid it appearing directly under the corresponding fertilizer box to avoid forming a dead angle of movement, a tension spring for lifting the fertilizer spreading plate is provided between the upper front side of the fertilizer spreading plate and the bottom rear side of the fertilizer box, that is, a hook is provided on the bearing seat at the lower end of the rear wall of the fertilizer box and the front side of the upper end of the fertilizer spreading plate, respectively, and a tension spring is hooked between the two hooks.

[0020] 4. In order to facilitate the fertilizer spreading plate to spread fertilizer and the rolling of the sensing wheel, the present invention has a stem and branch distribution cover on the long connecting rod for distributing the stems and branches of crops to both sides. The stem and branch distribution cover is a symmetrical folding plate structure extending obliquely from the front side of the lower part of the fertilizer box to the lower rear, that is, the stem and branch distribution cover is composed of two plates, forming a shape similar to an airplane wing or a bird wing, which distributes the stems and branches between the rows of crops to their respective plants, leaving space between the rows to facilitate the rolling of the sensing wheel.

[0021] 5. In order to prevent the fertilizer in the fertilizer spreading plate from being spread out directly from the arc-shaped opening of the fertilizer spreading plate under the action of the spreading wheel, and the spread fertilizer from being difficult to form a fan-shaped symmetrical about the center of the crop rows on the ground, a plurality of adjacent blocking strips with increasing spacing are arranged in sequence on the opening of the fertilizer spreading plate according to the rotation direction of the spreading wheel. In this way, the fertilizer is blocked by relatively dense blocking strips when it just comes out of the arc-shaped opening of the fertilizer spreading plate, and it is difficult to spread all the fertilizer. Along the rotation direction of the spreading wheel, the more backward the arc-shaped opening is, the sparser the blocking strips are, thereby improving the uniformity of fertilizer spreading.

[0022] 6. In order to adjust the distance between two adjacent fertilizer boxes on the series cross bar to adapt to different crop planting row spacings, the fertilizer box is provided with a cross bar sleeve for nesting on the series cross bar, and the cross bar sleeve is provided with a cross bar sleeve for locking the fertilizer box on the series cross bar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a left side view of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a self-adjusting fertilizer spreading structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Front view of the structure shown.

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Left side view of the structure shown.

[0029] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Rear view of the structure shown.

[0030] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 Top view of the structure shown.

[0031] Fig. 9 yes Figure 4 Bottom view of the structure shown.

[0032] Fig.10 yes Figure 4 The structure shown is a schematic diagram of the structure after the upper part of the fertilizer box is cut off.

[0033] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Right side view of the structure shown.

[0034] Fig.12 yes Fig.10 Left side view of the structure shown.

[0035] Fig.13 yes Fig.10 Top view of the structure shown.

[0036] In the figure: 100, fertilizer box, 101, cross bar sleeve, 102, positioning locking bolt, 103, aggregate inclined bottom, 104, bearing seat, 105, sealing buckle, 200, series cross bar, 300, ridge frame, 301, upper flat plate, 302, guide rail, 303, roller, 304, wheel frame, 305, height adjustment stud, 306, locking end bolt, 307, end sleeve, 400, fertilizer spreading disc, 401, fertilizer spreading motor, 402, tension spring, 403 , the second connecting shaft block, 404, the feeding motor, 405, the first connecting shaft block, 406, the swinging material transfer cylinder, 407, the engaging material guide cylinder, 408, the material blocking bar, 409, the spreading wheel, 410, the feeding wheel, 500, the sensing wheel, 600, the stem and branch distribution cover, 601, the connecting sleeve, 602, the strengthening cross bar, 700, the battery box, 800, the transmission connecting rod, 801, the cleaning block, 802, the long connecting rod, 803, the connecting block under the disk, 804, the connecting block under the box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Embodiment 1: Figure 1-Figure 13As shown, the present invention provides an agricultural fertilizing device, including a fertilizer box 100, a series cross bar 200, an adjustable height ridge walking vehicle body, a joint guide cylinder 407, a swing transfer cylinder 406, an electric feeding structure, an electric fertilizer spreading structure, a transmission connecting rod 800, a sensing wheel 500 and a long connecting rod 802, two adjustable height ridge walking vehicles are used to be erected on two ridges of the farmland and a series cross bar 200 is arranged between them, and a plurality of fertilizer boxes 100 for storing fertilizers are sequentially distributed on the series cross bar 200, and the fertilizer boxes 100 are used to store fertilizers. 00 is provided with a cross bar sleeve 101, which is a square cylindrical structure and is nested in the series cross bar 200 and is locked on the series cross bar 200 by a positioning locking bolt 102 that passes through the side wall of the cross bar sleeve 101 through a thread. The lower end of the fertilizer box 100 is provided with a gathering material inclined bottom 103 for facilitating the fertilizer to enter the lowest end of the gathering material inclined bottom 103 from the fertilizer box 100. The gathering material guiding cylinder 407 is a rectangular cylindrical structure and is provided with a feeding wheel 410 inside. The lower end of the gathering material guiding cylinder 407 is provided with a feeding wheel 410. The end of the feeding box 100 is embedded with a swinging material transfer cylinder 406, and the swinging material transfer cylinder 406 is rotatably connected with the engaging material guide cylinder 407 through the rotating shaft of the feeding wheel 410. The rotating shaft of the feeding wheel 410 passes through the engaging material guide cylinder 407 and is connected to the feeding motor 404. The feeding motor 404 drives the feeding wheel 410 to rotate through the rotating shaft, so that the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 100 is forced to be fed into the swinging material transfer cylinder 406, and the end of the swinging material transfer cylinder 406 away from the engaging material guide cylinder 407 is provided with an electric fertilizer spreading structure, which can The coupling guide cylinder 407 is capable of swinging up and down around the rotating connection with the coupling guide cylinder 407. The lower end of the coupling guide cylinder 407 is also provided with an electric feeding structure for forcibly feeding the fertilizer from the coupling guide cylinder 407 into the swinging transfer cylinder 406. The lower part of the electric feeding structure is rotatably connected to a transmission connecting rod 800. The lower end of the transmission connecting rod 800 is rotatably connected to a long connecting rod 802 and a sensing wheel 500. The long connecting rod 802 extends toward the upper front away from the transmission connecting rod 800 and the upper end is rotatably connected to the bottom front side of the fertilizer box 100.

[0038] What needs to be explained specifically is that Fig.11 As shown, the fertilizer spreading plate 400 and the swinging material transfer cylinder 406 form a shortest rod, the transmission connecting rod 800 serves as an intermediate connecting rod and is connected to the lower connecting block 803 at the lower end of the fertilizer spreading plate 400 by means of a hinge, the long connecting rod 802 serves as a crank rod and the upper end is connected to the lower connecting block 804 at the front side of the bottom of the fertilizer box 100 by means of a hinge, the shortest rod, the connecting rod and the crank rod form a four-rod structure arranged below the inclined bottom 103 of the aggregate, the sensing wheel 500 is arranged on the hinge of the connecting rod and the crank rod, the lower side of the sensing wheel 500 contacts the ground and drives the hinge of the connecting rod and the crank rod to move up and down, thereby driving the fertilizer spreading plate 400 to swing, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the fertilizer spreading direction, that is, using an indirect method to realize differentiated fertilization of the soil whether it is watered or not.

[0039] In actual use, it is suitable for unified operation in large-scale planting areas, because the plants are the same and the soil structure is the same, and only the tension spring 402 and the height of the adjustable ridge walking vehicle body need to be adjusted to achieve the application of water-soluble fertilizers to the farmland after watering. At this time, the flat sensing wheel 500 sinks deeper into the soil, and the load of the fertilizer box 100 is transmitted to the ridge through the adjustable ridge walking vehicle body, and the sensing wheel 500 will pull down the long connecting rod 802 and the transmission connecting rod At the hinge of 800, the transmission connecting rod 800 moves closer to the vertical direction. Under the action of the four-bar structure, the opening of the fertilizer spreading plate 400 is further downward, so that the spread water-soluble fertilizer is spread more narrowly between the rows of crops. If the slow-release fertilizer is spread, the soil is relatively hard due to no watering in advance, and the depth of the sensing wheel 500 cutting into the soil is small. Under the action of the four-bar structure, the opening of the fertilizer spreading plate 400 is closer to the horizontal, and the spreading range is large, which helps to improve the fertilization efficiency.

[0040] Among them, Figure 4 and Fig.12 As shown, in order to clean the dirt on the sensing wheel 500, a cleaning block 801 is provided on the transmission connecting rod 800 and is sleeved on the edge of the sensing wheel 500.

[0041] In order to keep the fertilizer spreading plate 400 at the lower rear of the corresponding fertilizer box 100 and avoid it appearing directly under the corresponding fertilizer box 100, so as to avoid forming a dead angle of movement, a tension spring 402 for lifting the fertilizer spreading plate 400 is provided between the upper front side of the fertilizer spreading plate 400 and the bottom rear side of the fertilizer box 100, that is, a hook is provided on the supporting seat 104 on the lower end of the rear wall of the fertilizer box 100 and the front side of the upper end of the fertilizer spreading plate 400, respectively, and a tension spring 402 is hooked between the two hooks.

[0042] According to Hooke's law and the characteristics of the tension spring 402, ,in is the tension of the tension spring 402, k is the elastic coefficient of the tension spring 402, and x is the length change of the tension spring 402. If the sensing wheel 500 is to be controlled to detect the softness of the soil, the elastic coefficient k of the tension spring 402 needs to be controlled, because the tension spring 402 will be stretched by the fertilizer spreading disc 400 to a state where the upper end surface of the swinging material transfer cylinder 406 is parallel to the rear end surface of the engaging material guide cylinder 407 under normal conditions. If the tension spring 402 with a larger elastic coefficient k has the same natural length, the greater the tension generated, the greater the gravity offset effect on the fertilizer spreading disc 400 and related components, and the more the sensing wheel 500 can be improved to the softness of the soil. At this time, for the same softness of the soil, the sensing wheel 500 with a tension spring 402 with a larger elastic coefficient k will sink into the soil to a smaller depth.

[0043] In order to facilitate the fertilizer spreading plate 400 to spread fertilizer outward and the sensor wheel 500 to roll, a stem and branch distribution cover 600 for distributing the stems and branches of crops to both sides is arranged on the long connecting rod 802. The stem and branch distribution cover 600 is a symmetrical folding plate structure extending obliquely from the front side below the fertilizer box 100 to the rear and lower part. That is, the stem and branch distribution cover 600 is composed of two plates, forming a shape similar to an airplane wing or a bird's wing, which distributes the stems and branches between the rows of crops to their respective plants, leaving space between the rows to facilitate the rolling of the sensor wheel 500.

[0044] Among them, Figure 4 As shown, a connecting sleeve 601 is nested and pinned on the long connecting rod 802 on the inner side of the folded part of the stem and branch distribution cover 600, and a reinforcing cross bar 602 is fixedly set between the middle parts of the two folded blades of the stem and branch distribution cover 600 to enhance the impact resistance of the stem and branch distribution cover 600. During use and operation, the stem and branch distribution cover 600 will be slightly hit and impacted by stems and branches, such as leeks, which helps to sense the vibration of the wheel 500 and shake off the soil.

[0045] Among them, Fig.10 As shown, the electric fertilizer spreading structure includes a fertilizer spreading plate 400, a fertilizer spreading motor 401 and a spreading wheel 409. The fertilizer spreading plate 400 is arranged at the rear end of the swinging material transfer cylinder 406 and the rear end of the fertilizer spreading plate 400 is provided with an opening for spreading fertilizer backwards. The fertilizer spreading plate 400 is provided with a spreading wheel 409 with curved blades. The spreading wheel 409 is driven to rotate by the fertilizer spreading motor 401 on the fertilizer spreading plate 400 and can spread the fertilizer in the swinging material transfer cylinder 406 out from the opening of the fertilizer spreading plate 400.

[0046] The blades of the spreading wheel 409 adopt a twisted sheet structure similar to fan blades, which facilitates the fertilizer to be thrown out during rotation, forming a fertilization action similar to broadcasting, and avoiding the fertilizer from accumulating on the spreading wheel 409 and affecting the fertilization quality.

[0047] like Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, in order to prevent the fertilizer in the fertilizer spreading plate 400 from being spread out directly from the arc-shaped opening of the fertilizer spreading plate 400 under the action of the spreading wheel 409, and the spread fertilizer from forming a fan-shaped shape symmetrical about the center of the crop rows on the ground, a plurality of adjacent blocking strips 408 with increasing spacing are arranged in sequence on the opening of the fertilizer spreading plate 400 according to the rotation direction of the spreading wheel 409, so that the fertilizer is blocked by the relatively dense blocking strips 408 when it just comes out of the arc-shaped opening of the fertilizer spreading plate 400, and it is difficult to spread all the fertilizer out. Along the rotation direction of the spreading wheel 409, the further back the arc-shaped opening is, the sparser the blocking strips 408 are, thereby improving the uniformity of fertilizer spreading.

[0048] The electric feeding structure includes a feeding motor 404 arranged outside the engaging guide cylinder 407 and a feeding wheel 410 arranged inside the engaging guide cylinder 407. The feeding motor 404 drives the feeding wheel 410 to rotate. The feeding wheel 410 can force the fertilizer in the fertilizer spreading plate 400 into the swinging feeding cylinder 406 through the engaging guide cylinder 407. The feeding motor 404 is installed on the first coupling block 405 on the right side of the gathering inclined bottom 103 and is connected to the feeding wheel 410 through the engaging guide cylinder 407. The end portion of the rotating shaft passing through the right side of the joining material guide cylinder 407 also passes through the left side wall of the swinging material transfer cylinder 406 sleeved on the joining material guide cylinder 407 after passing through the joining material guide cylinder 407, and then is connected to the feeding motor 404 through a coupling, and the end portion of the rotating shaft passing through the left side of the joining material guide cylinder 407 also passes through the right side wall of the swinging material transfer cylinder 406 sleeved on the joining material guide cylinder 407 and the second coupling block 403 on the inclined bottom 103 of the material aggregation.

[0049] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the adjustable height ridge walking vehicle body includes a ridge frame 300, an adjustable height leg and a roller 303. The upper part of the ridge frame 300 is nested and locked in the end of the series cross bar 200, and the lower part is provided with an adjustable height leg for adjusting the height of the ridge frame 300. The lower part of the adjustable height leg is provided with a roller 303 for moving along the ridge of the farmland. For the adjustable height leg, it was originally conceived to adopt a structure similar to the lifting table leg of an electric lifting table. However, in order to facilitate the manufacture of this prototype, a structure including an upper flat plate 301, a guide rail 302, a wheel frame 304 and a height adjustment stud 305 is adopted. The guide rail 302 is attached to the inner side of the lower part of the square frame-shaped ridge frame 300 and It is locked by bolts, and an upper flat plate 301 is welded on the upper end of the guide rail 302. A height adjustment stud 305 with a hexagonal head on the upper end runs through the upper flat plate 301 from top to bottom. The part of the height adjustment stud 305 below the upper flat plate 301 is threadedly embedded with a nut whose upper end face is tightly attached to the upper flat plate 301, so that the height adjustment stud 305 is restricted on the upper flat plate 301 and can only rotate relatively. The height adjustment stud 305, the guide rail 302 and the frame edge of the ridge frame 300 to which the guide rail 302 is tightly attached are embedded with a wheel frame 304, and the wheel frame 304 extends downward away from the corresponding height adjustment stud 305, and the roller 303 is arranged at the end of the wheel frame 304.

[0050] Among them, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, an end sleeve 307 nested on the tandem cross bar 200 is welded on the ridge frame 300, and a locking bolt 306 penetrates and is threadedly connected to the side wall of the end sleeve 307 away from the ridge frame 300, and the end of the locking bolt 306 will abut against the tandem cross bar 200, forming an action to lock the end sleeve 307 on the tandem cross bar 200.

[0051] like Figure 1As shown, in order to enable the spacing between two adjacent fertilizer boxes 100 to be adjusted on the tandem cross bar 200 to adapt to different crop planting row spacings, a cross bar sleeve 101 for nesting on the tandem cross bar 200 is provided on the fertilizer box 100, and a positioning locking bolt 102 for locking the fertilizer box 100 on the tandem cross bar 200 is provided on the cross bar sleeve 101.

[0052] In order to facilitate the fertilizer to enter the joint guide cylinder 407 from the fertilizer box 100 under the action of its own weight, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 and Fig.13 As shown, the material gathering inclined bottom 103 is made of three trapezoidal plates, including an isosceles trapezoidal plate and two right-angled trapezoidal plates. The non-right-angled waist edges of the two right-angled trapezoidal plates are respectively attached to the two waist edges of the isosceles trapezoidal plate on the left and right. The upper bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate and the right-angled trapezoidal plate form the upper port of the joint material guide tube 407 located in the center of the rear wall of the fertilizer box 100. That is, the shape of the material gathering inclined bottom 103 is to facilitate the fertilizer to slide into the joint material guide tube 407.

[0053] In order to power the feeding motor 404 and the fertilizer spreading motor 401, a battery box 700 is arranged on the supporting seat 104 at the lower rear end of the fertilizer box 100. A battery pack is arranged in the battery box 700. In order to facilitate the disassembly of the battery box 700, a sealing buckle 105 is provided on the rear wall of the fertilizer box 100 above the supporting seat 104, so that the battery box 700 can be pulled upwards and removed from the fertilizer box 100 for charging.

[0054] In order to realize the power on / off and speed control of the feeding motor 404 and the fertilizer spreading motor 401, the control lines are all led to the control box on the ridge frame 300 on one side, which is convenient for subsequent upgrading to remote control, that is, through the wireless communication module of the single-chip controller in the control box, the control instructions of the remote control terminal such as a tablet computer in the field are received.

[0055] Embodiment 2: Based on the manufacturing plan of the engineering prototype of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the method of relying on manpower to push on the ridge is changed, and the adjustable height legs of the adjustable ridge walking body are replaced with electric lifting legs to realize electric control of the height adjustment of the entire device. At the same time, the roller 303 is changed to electric drive, that is, a servo motor is added to realize electric movement control. A sensor for detecting soil moisture is also provided to detect soil moisture. A machine learning algorithm is used to construct and optimize a control model of soil moisture and height to improve control accuracy. At the same time, a soil turning device is provided at the rear of the device to help bury fertilizer after fertilization.

[0056] It should be noted that no matter which aspect of the upgrade is made in the second embodiment, the prototype solution in the first embodiment Figure 4The self-adjusting fertilizer spreading structures shown are the basis, which enable a set of devices to quickly spread two commonly used fertilizers in farmland. It is suitable for large-scale planting and fertilization of the same variety of crops in the same area. The subsequent electric automation upgrade will help to realize digital agriculture.

Claims

1. An agricultural fertilization device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fertilizer box (100), a series cross bar (200), a walking vehicle body with adjustable height of a field ridge, a joint material guide cylinder (407), a swinging material transfer cylinder (406), an electric feeding structure, an electric fertilizer spreading structure, a transmission connecting rod (800), a sensing wheel (500) and a long connecting rod (802), wherein two walking vehicles with adjustable height of a field ridge are used to be erected on two field ridges of a farmland and the series cross bar (200) is arranged between them, a plurality of fertilizer boxes (100) are sequentially distributed on the series cross bar (200), the lower end of each fertilizer box (100) is a material gathering inclined bottom (103), the lowest end of each material gathering inclined bottom (103) is provided with the joint material guide cylinder (407), the lower end of each joint material guide cylinder (407) is nested with and rotatably connected to the swinging material transfer cylinder (406), and the swinging The end of the material transfer cylinder (406) away from the engaging material guide cylinder (407) is provided with the electric fertilizer spreading structure, and the electric fertilizer spreading structure can swing up and down around the rotation connection with the engaging material guide cylinder (407). The lower end of the engaging material guide cylinder (407) is also provided with the electric feeding structure for forcibly feeding fertilizer from the engaging material guide cylinder (407) into the swinging material transfer cylinder (406). The lower part of the electric feeding structure is rotatably connected to the transmission connecting rod (800), and the lower end of the transmission connecting rod (800) is rotatably connected to the long connecting rod (802) and the sensing wheel (500). The long connecting rod (802) extends toward the front and upper side away from the transmission connecting rod (800) and the upper end is rotatably connected to the bottom front side of the fertilizer box (100).

2. An agricultural fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer spreading disc (400) and the swinging material transfer cylinder (406) form a shortest rod, the transmission connecting rod (800) serves as an intermediate connecting rod, the long connecting rod (802) serves as a crank rod, and the shortest rod, the connecting rod and the crank rod form a four-rod structure arranged below the material gathering inclined bottom (103). The sensing wheel (500) is arranged on the hinge of the connecting rod and the crank rod. The lower side of the sensing wheel (500) contacts the ground and drives the hinge of the connecting rod and the crank rod to move up and down, thereby driving the fertilizer spreading disc (400) to swing, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment action of the fertilizer spreading direction.

3. An agricultural fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A tension spring (402) for lifting and pulling the fertilizer spreading plate (400) is provided between the upper front side of the fertilizer spreading plate (400) and the bottom rear side of the fertilizer box (100).

4. An agricultural fertilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The long connecting rod (802) is provided with a stem and branch distribution cover (600) for distributing the stems and branches of crops to both sides. The stem and branch distribution cover (600) is a symmetrical folding plate structure extending obliquely from the lower front side of the fertilizer box (100) to the rear and lower sides.

5. The agricultural fertilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric fertilizer spreading structure comprises the fertilizer spreading disc (400), a fertilizer spreading motor (401) and a spreading wheel (409); the fertilizer spreading disc (400) is arranged at the rear end of the swinging material transfer cylinder (406); and the rear end of the fertilizer spreading disc (400) is provided with an opening for spreading fertilizer backwards; the fertilizer spreading disc (400) is provided with the spreading wheel (409) with curved blades; the spreading wheel (409) is driven to rotate by the fertilizer spreading motor (401) on the fertilizer spreading disc (400) and is capable of spreading the fertilizer in the swinging material transfer cylinder (406) out through the opening of the fertilizer spreading disc (400).

6. The agricultural fertilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of blocking strips (408) with increasing spacing between adjacent strips are sequentially arranged on the opening of the fertilizer spreading disc (400) according to the rotation direction of the spreading wheel (409).

7. An agricultural fertilizing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electric feeding structure comprises a feeding motor (404) arranged outside the engaging material guide cylinder (407) and a feeding wheel (410) arranged inside the engaging material guide cylinder (407); the feeding motor (404) drives the feeding wheel (410) to rotate, and the feeding wheel (410) can forcibly feed the fertilizer in the fertilizer spreading disc (400) into the swinging material transfer cylinder (406) through the engaging material guide cylinder (407).

8. The agricultural fertilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height-adjustable ridge walking vehicle body comprises a ridge frame (300), an adjustable height leg and a roller (303); the upper portion of the ridge frame (300) is nested and locked on the end of the series cross bar (200), and the lower portion is provided with the adjustable height leg for adjusting the height of the ridge frame (300); the lower portion of the adjustable height leg is provided with the roller (303) for moving along the ridge of a farmland.

9. The agricultural fertilization device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fertilizer box (100) is provided with a cross bar sleeve (101) for being nested on the series cross bar (200), and the cross bar sleeve (101) is provided with the positioning locking bolt (102) for locking the fertilizer box (100) on the series cross bar (200).

10. The agricultural fertilization device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The material gathering inclined bottom (103) is made of three trapezoidal plates, including an isosceles trapezoidal plate and two right-angled trapezoidal plates, the non-right-angled waist edges of the two right-angled trapezoidal plates are respectively abutted against the two waist edges of the isosceles trapezoidal plate on the left and right, and the upper bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate and the right-angled trapezoidal plate form the upper end of the joint material guide tube (407) located in the center of the rear wall of the fertilizer box (100).

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