Device for measuring over-excavation and under-excavation of tunnel excavation
By designing a device equipped with measurement marking device and jet dust removal technology, the problems of large artificial errors, inaccurate marking and poor paint adhesion in tunnel excavation ultra-under-excavation measurement are solved, and high-precision, durability and efficient measurement and marking effects are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411537368.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the tunnel excavation ultra-under-excavation measurement has problems such as large human error, insufficient light affects the accuracy of marking, and poor adhesion of spray paint, which cannot meet the requirements of high precision and durability.
A device including a mobile trolley, a protective device and an operating platform is designed, equipped with a measuring marking device. The device touches the rock through a probe, adjusts the pressure of the extrusion device according to the depth difference of the contact point, changes the extrusion strength of the spray device, forms a significant spray mark, and removes floating dust through jet dust to ensure uniform adhesion of the coating.
High-precision ultra-under-excavation measurement is achieved, ensuring the clarity and durability of marks, adapting to complex geological conditions, reducing resource consumption, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of tunnel excavation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119500438A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field related to overbreak and underbreak measurement, and more specifically, particularly relates to a device for overbreak and underbreak measurement of tunnel excavation. Background Art
[0002] The background of tunnel over-break and under-break measurement comes from the strict requirements for precise construction in tunnel construction and underground space development. In the tunnel construction process, over-break refers to the situation where the actual excavation section exceeds the designed section, while under-break is the opposite, which means that the actual excavation is less than the design requirements. However, the over-break and under-break measurement in the existing technology has the following defects: 1. In the prior art, workers use traditional tape measures to conduct comparative measurements during over-excavation and under-excavation measurements. When workers use rulers, tape measures or simple measuring tools for measurement, they are greatly affected by human factors, such as observation errors, reading errors, etc., and cannot meet high-precision requirements, especially under complex geological conditions; 2. In the prior art, manual spray painting is usually used to mark the over-break and under-break measurements. However, when manually inspecting the under-break part in a tunnel environment with insufficient light, it is difficult to identify the different thicknesses of the convex points and accurately spray the color depth, thus affecting the accuracy of judging the over-break and under-break conditions. 3. In the prior art, when manually spraying paint on over-excavation and under-excavation measurement marks, people usually forget to remove the dust before spraying. In addition, the untreated rock surface may be smooth, wet or loose. Direct spraying of paint will result in poor adhesion, and the marks will easily peel off or become blurred, affecting the accuracy and durability of the measurement.
[0003] Therefore, in view of this, research and improvement are conducted on the existing structure and deficiencies, and a device for measuring over-excavation and under-excavation in tunnel excavation is provided, in order to achieve a more practical and valuable purpose. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention provides a device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation, which is used to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.
[0005] The purpose and effect of the device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means: A device for measuring over-excavation and under-excavation in tunnel excavation, comprising a mobile trolley, a protective device and an operating platform, wherein the protective device and the operating platform are installed on the surface of the mobile trolley, wherein the protective device is located on a side away from the mobile trolley, wherein the protective device comprises a first protective cover and a second protective cover, wherein a slide groove is provided on the side where the first protective cover and the second protective cover are close to each other, wherein a measuring marking device is provided inside the slide groove for sliding, wherein the measuring marking device comprises a fixing frame, a mounting plate, a spraying device and an extruding device, wherein an opening is provided on the surface of the fixing frame, wherein a mounting plate is installed on the surface of the opening, wherein the mounting plate The surface array is provided with a plurality of the extrusion devices and spray devices, and the extrusion device includes a probe, a fixed cylinder, an injection device, an outer slide rod and an extrusion disk. The surface of the fixed cylinder is provided with the injection device and the outer slide rod, and the surface of one end of the outer slide rod is provided with the injection device, and a probe is slidably provided on the surface of the injection device, and the other end of the outer slide rod is connected with an outer slide rod, and the end of the outer slide rod is connected to the extrusion disk, and an inner sliding cavity is provided inside the fixed cylinder, and an upper piston plate and a lower piston plate are slidably provided inside the inner sliding cavity, and the upper piston plate is arranged on one side of the injection device, and the lower piston plate is arranged on one side of the outer slide rod.
[0006] A further technical solution is that a piston push rod is connected between the upper piston plate and the lower piston plate, the surface of the upper piston plate is connected to the probe, the surface of the piston push rod is connected to a connecting piston rod, the connecting piston rod is connected to the outer sliding rod, and a spring rod is connected between the outer sliding rod and the extrusion plate.
[0007] According to a further technical solution, the spray device comprises a spray barrel, a placement cavity and a spray cover. The spray cover is threadedly connected to the surface of the spray barrel. The placement cavity is provided after the spray barrel and the spray cover are closed. A paint spray port is provided at the front end of the spray cover.
[0008] According to a further technical solution, a plurality of the jet devices are arrayed on the surface of the fixed cylinder, an air exhaust is symmetrically arranged on the surface of the jet device, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the surface of the air exhaust, and the nozzles are connected to the interior of the inner sliding cavity.
[0009] A further technical solution is that the fixed cylinder wall is inlaid with a plurality of one-way air intake valves, which are close to one end of the jet device. The one-way air intake valve utilizes the movement of the upper piston plate to achieve an air intake effect, so that the gas is squeezed through the upper piston plate and discharged from the air exhaust.
[0010] According to a further technical solution, four lower end connecting rods are arranged in an array on the surface of the fixed frame, a bottom protective plate is installed on the surface of the lower end connecting rods of the array, an arc ring is arranged on the inner side of the bottom protective plate, and the spring rod is in contact with the arc ring.
[0011] According to a further technical solution, side mounting frames are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the fixing frame, and the side mounting frames are respectively used for mounting overbreak measuring equipment and underbreak measuring equipment.
[0012] According to a further technical solution, a plurality of sliding wheels are arranged in a side array of the fixed frame, and the sliding wheels are slidably installed in the sliding grooves.
[0013] According to a further technical solution, a plurality of mounting steel pipes are arrayed on the surface of the mobile trolley, an operating platform is installed between the mounting steel pipes in the array, and an operating entrance is provided on the surface of the operating platform.
[0014] According to a further technical solution, a plurality of movable pulleys are arranged in an array on the surface of the movable trolley, and the movable pulleys are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a device for measuring over-break and under-break in tunnel excavation. When the probe touches the rock, the pressure applied by the protruding rod of the extrusion device changes according to the depth difference of the contact point, and the extrusion strength generated on the spray device is also different. This process causes the color depth of the paint sprayed onto the surface of the extrusion device to be different, forming a spraying effect that can provide a significant mark for the over-break and under-break measuring equipment, which is convenient for later operators to identify and implement corrections in time. The device can adapt to the variability of the rock surface, including uneven areas and protrusions of different thicknesses. By adjusting the painting strategy, it is ensured that the coating is evenly and comprehensively attached to the complex surface and fits closely with various protrusion shapes, which not only enhances the appearance and overall uniformity of the coating, but also on thick protrusions, if the coating is too thin, the protective effect is insufficient. In addition, by considering the specific thickness of the protrusion in real time to fine-tune the painting strategy, not only the durability of the coating can be improved, but also the precise management of the amount of paint can be achieved, thereby reducing resource consumption. The most suitable spraying method is adopted for each type of rock with different thickness, strategically balancing cost control and work efficiency, setting a new standard for the accuracy and efficiency of tunnel excavation.
[0016] The present invention discloses a device for measuring over-excavation and under-excavation of a tunnel, and the device drives the spray device on the fixed frame to synchronously protrude forward, and during the process, the probe first enters a contact state with the protruding block. As the probe continues to move forward and contacts with it, it actuates the upper piston plate to displace, and the upper piston plate triggers the linkage extrusion of the piston push rod at the initial sliding stage inside the inner sliding cavity, and this movement then causes the lower piston plate to squeeze the internal gas, causing the gas to be forced to flow back and be discharged through the jet device. When the gas is discharged through the jet device, the exhaust structure equipped on its surface uses a specific inclined angle design to perform efficient dust cleaning on the protruding blocks around the measuring point. This dust cleaning step is intended to remove particulate debris that may hinder the good adhesion of the paint layer, thereby ensuring that the coating can adhere more firmly to the rock surface, which not only enhances the durability and stability of the coating, but also reduces the potential long-term corrosion or discoloration risk due to dust carrying moisture or pollutants not being cleaned in time. In short, the prior dust cleaning process is a key link to improve the life of the coating and maintain its appearance quality. By effectively eliminating these obstacles, high-quality execution of the painting operation is ensured.
[0017] The present invention provides a device for measuring over-excavation and under-excavation of tunnels. Before the painting operation is carried out, the method adjusts the application degree of paint according to the specific thickness of the protrusions on the rock surface, thereby realizing customized spraying preparation work. More importantly, the jet cleaning technology is integrated as a necessary step before painting. This innovation effectively blows away the floating dust and loose particles on the rock surface, significantly improving the visual conditions, allowing surveyors to accurately identify the rock contour and complete the marking work without deviation, thereby fundamentally ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data. Moreover, these accurate data play a decisive supporting role in the planning of tunnel excavation and the design of the support system. Furthermore, the rock surface with impurities removed creates an ideal adsorption environment for painting, which makes the formed marking layer uniform and tight, which not only significantly improves the clarity and durability of the marking, but also reduces the risk of blurring due to environmental dust accumulation or accidental shedding. This is particularly important for operations in complex tunnel environments, ensuring that the markings remain highly visible under different lighting conditions. In addition, after jet cleaning, the cleaner rock surface optimizes the capture and recognition efficiency of high-tech detection and guidance equipment for markings, accelerating the transformation of construction sites to digital management and automated operation modes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall top view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the operating platform 13 in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protection device 12 in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measurement marking device 20 of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the measurement marking device 20 of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the side section structure of the measurement marking device 20 of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the extrusion device 24 in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the extrusion device 24 in the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the extrusion device 24 in the present invention.
[0021] Description of reference numerals: The movable trolley 11, the protective device 12, the operating platform 13, the movable pulley 14, the mounting steel pipe 15, the operating entrance 16, the first protective cover 17, the second protective cover 18, the slide 19, the measuring marking device 20, the fixing frame 21, the mounting plate 22, the spray device 23, the extrusion device 24, the sliding wheel 25, the side mounting frame 26, the lower end connecting rod 27, the bottom protective plate 28, the arc ring 29, the opening 30, the spray barrel 31, the placement cavity 32, the probe 33, the fixing cylinder 34, the jet device 35, the outer sliding rod 36, the extrusion disk 37, the inner sliding cavity 38, the upper piston plate 39, the piston push rod 40, the lower piston plate 41, the connecting piston rod 42, the spring rod 43, the one-way air inlet valve 44, the air exhaust 45, and the spray cover 46. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0025] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Fig.11 As shown: The present invention provides a device for measuring over-excavation and under-excavation of a tunnel, comprising a mobile trolley 11, a protective device 12 and an operating platform 13. The protective device 12 and the operating platform 13 are installed on the surface of the mobile trolley 11. The protective device 12 is located on a side away from the mobile trolley 11. The protective device 12 comprises a first protective cover 17 and a second protective cover 18. A slide groove 19 is provided on a side where the first protective cover 17 and the second protective cover 18 are close to each other. A measurement marking device 20 is slidably provided inside the slide groove 19. The measurement marking device 20 comprises a fixed frame 21, a mounting plate 22, a spray device 23 and an extrusion device 24. An opening 30 is provided on the surface of the fixed frame 21. A mounting plate 22 is installed on the surface of the opening 30. The mounting plate 22 The surface array is provided with a plurality of the extrusion devices 24 and the spray devices 23, and the extrusion device 24 includes a probe 33, a fixed cylinder 34, an injection device 35, an outer slide bar 36 and an extrusion disk 37. The surface of the fixed cylinder 34 is provided with an injection device 35 and an outer slide bar 36. The injection device 35 is installed on the surface of one end of the outer slide bar 36. The probe 33 is slidably provided on the surface of the injection device 35. The other end of the outer slide bar 36 is connected with the outer slide bar 36. The end of the outer slide bar 36 is connected to the extrusion disk 37. An inner sliding cavity 38 is provided inside the fixed cylinder 34. An upper piston plate 39 and a lower piston plate 41 are slidably provided inside the inner sliding cavity 38. The upper piston plate 39 is arranged on one side of the injection device 35, and the lower piston plate 41 is arranged on one side of the outer slide bar 36.
[0026] Preferably, see Attachment Fig.10 A piston push rod 40 is connected between the upper piston plate 39 and the lower piston plate 41. The surface of the upper piston plate 39 is connected to the probe 33. The surface of the piston push rod 40 is connected to a connecting piston rod 42. The connecting piston rod 42 is connected to the outer sliding rod 36. A spring rod 43 is connected between the outer sliding rod 36 and the extrusion plate 37.
[0027] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 8 The spray device 23 includes a spray barrel 31, a placement cavity 32 and a spray cover 46. The spray barrel 31 is threadedly connected to the surface of the spray cover 46. The placement cavity 32 is formed when the spray barrel 31 and the spray cover 46 are closed. The front end of the spray cover 46 is provided with a paint spray port.
[0028] Preferably, see Attachment Fig.11 The fixed cylinder 34 has a plurality of jet devices 35 arrayed on its surface, an air exhaust 45 symmetrically disposed on its surface, and a plurality of nozzles disposed on its surface, which are connected to the interior of the inner sliding cavity 38 .
[0029] Preferably, see Attachment Fig.10 The wall of the fixed cylinder 34 is inlaid with a plurality of one-way air intake valves 44, and the one-way air intake valve 44 is close to one end of the jet device 35. The one-way air intake valve 44 utilizes the movement of the upper piston plate 39 to achieve the air intake effect, so that the gas is squeezed through the upper piston plate 39 and discharged from the air exhaust 45.
[0030] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 8 The surface of the fixed frame 21 is provided with four lower end connecting rods 27 in an array, and the surface of the lower end connecting rods 27 in the array is installed with a bottom protective plate 28. The inner side of the bottom protective plate 28 is provided with an arc ring 29, and the spring rod 43 is in contact with the arc ring 29.
[0031] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 7 The surface of the fixing frame 21 is symmetrically provided with side mounting frames 26, and the side mounting frames 26 are used to install the overbreak measurement equipment and the underbreak measurement equipment respectively.
[0032] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 5 To Attachment Figure 6 A plurality of sliding wheels 25 are arranged in an array on the side of the fixed frame 21 , and the sliding wheels 25 are slidably installed in the sliding grooves 19 .
[0033] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 3A plurality of mounting steel pipes 15 are arranged in an array on the surface of the mobile trolley 11 , an operating platform 13 is installed between the mounting steel pipes 15 arranged in the array, and an operating entrance 16 is arranged on the surface of the operating platform 13 .
[0034] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 3 The surface array of the mobile trolley 11 is provided with a plurality of mobile pulleys 14, and the mobile pulleys 14 are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel.
[0035] Specific use of the present invention: When using the present invention, firstly, the transport track in the tunnel is laid, and the mobile trolley 11 is placed on the track. The operator climbs to the working surface of the trolley through the operating platform 13. After arriving at the platform, the first task is to fill the spray device 23 with paint. After the paint is filled, the overbreak and underbreak measuring equipment is immediately installed on the side mounting frame 26.
[0036] After configuration, the measuring marking device 20 can be moved to inspect key areas of the tunnel. When the device is positioned at the designated measuring point, the operator presses a specific button to deform the fixed frame 21 and protrude the spray device 23 and the squeeze device 24 thereon. During this process, the front protrusion of the squeeze device 24 first contacts the probe 33, and then pushes the upper piston plate 39 to move. The movement of the upper piston plate 39 is linked to the piston push rod 40 in the inner sliding cavity 38, and causes the gas to reflux in the inner sliding cavity, and finally discharged through the jet device 35, and the inclined surface of the gas exhaust 45 is used to remove the floating dust at the measuring point.
[0037] After the dust cleaning is completed, the lower piston plate 41 drives the piston push rod 40 to move, and along with the telescopic movement of the outer slide rod 36, the spring rod 43 slides along the arc ring 29 and prompts the extrusion plate 37 to apply pressure to the paint in the placement chamber 32. The pressurized paint is sprayed out through the spray port at the front end of the spray cover 46. While the paint is sprayed, the over-excavation and under-excavation measuring equipment installed at both ends of the mounting frame 26 immediately marks and measures.
[0038] Moreover, the change in the depth of the contact detection point of the extrusion device 24 will correspondingly change the extrusion strength of the spray device 23, thereby affecting the color depth of the sprayed paint, forming a contrasting marking effect, which is convenient for intuitively judging the over-excavation and under-excavation conditions, and provides convenient guidance for subsequent correction operations. The entire process integrates jet cleaning, paint spraying and precise measurement, achieving efficient operation and quality control in tunnel construction.
[0039] The present invention provides a device for measuring over-break and under-break in tunnel excavation. When the probe touches the rock, the pressure applied by the protruding rod of the extrusion device changes according to the depth difference of the contact point, and the extrusion strength generated on the spray device is also different. This process causes the color depth of the paint sprayed onto the surface of the extrusion device to be different, forming a spraying effect that can provide a significant mark for the over-break and under-break measuring equipment, which is convenient for later operators to identify and implement corrections in time. The device can adapt to the variability of the rock surface, including uneven areas and protrusions of different thicknesses. By adjusting the painting strategy, it is ensured that the coating is evenly and comprehensively attached to the complex surface and fits closely with various protrusion shapes, which not only enhances the appearance and overall uniformity of the coating, but also on thick protrusions, if the coating is too thin, the protective effect is insufficient. In addition, by considering the specific thickness of the protrusion in real time to fine-tune the painting strategy, not only the durability of the coating can be improved, but also the precise management of the amount of paint can be achieved, thereby reducing resource consumption. The most suitable spraying method is adopted for each type of rock with different thickness, strategically balancing cost control and work efficiency, setting a new standard for the accuracy and efficiency of tunnel excavation.
[0040] The present invention discloses a device for measuring over-excavation and under-excavation of a tunnel, and the device drives the spray device on the fixed frame to synchronously protrude forward, and during the process, the probe first enters a contact state with the protruding block. As the probe continues to move forward and contacts with it, it actuates the upper piston plate to displace, and the upper piston plate triggers the linkage extrusion of the piston push rod at the initial sliding stage inside the inner sliding cavity, and this movement then causes the lower piston plate to squeeze the internal gas, causing the gas to be forced to flow back and be discharged through the jet device. When the gas is discharged through the jet device, the exhaust structure equipped on its surface uses a specific inclined angle design to perform efficient dust cleaning on the protruding blocks around the measuring point. This dust cleaning step is intended to remove particulate debris that may hinder the good adhesion of the paint layer, thereby ensuring that the coating can adhere more firmly to the rock surface, which not only enhances the durability and stability of the coating, but also reduces the potential long-term corrosion or discoloration risk due to dust carrying moisture or pollutants not being cleaned in time. In short, the prior dust cleaning process is a key link to improve the life of the coating and maintain its appearance quality. By effectively eliminating these obstacles, high-quality execution of the painting operation is ensured.
[0041] The present invention provides a device for measuring over-excavation and under-excavation of tunnels. Before the painting operation is carried out, the method adjusts the application degree of paint according to the specific thickness of the protrusions on the rock surface, thereby realizing customized spraying preparation work. More importantly, the jet cleaning technology is integrated as a necessary step before painting. This innovation effectively blows away the floating dust and loose particles on the rock surface, significantly improving the visual conditions, allowing surveyors to accurately identify the rock contour and complete the marking work without deviation, thereby fundamentally ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data. Moreover, these accurate data play a decisive supporting role in the planning of tunnel excavation and the design of the support system. Furthermore, the rock surface with impurities removed creates an ideal adsorption environment for painting, which makes the formed marking layer uniform and tight, which not only significantly improves the clarity and durability of the marking, but also reduces the risk of blurring due to environmental dust accumulation or accidental shedding. This is particularly important for operations in complex tunnel environments, ensuring that the markings remain highly visible under different lighting conditions. In addition, after jet cleaning, the cleaner rock surface optimizes the capture and recognition efficiency of high-tech detection and guidance equipment for markings, accelerating the transformation of construction sites to digital management and automated operation modes.
[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.
Claims
1. A device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mobile trolley (11), a protective device (12) and an operating platform (13). The protective device (12) and the operating platform (13) are installed on the surface of the mobile trolley (11). The protective device (12) is located on a side away from the mobile trolley (11). The protective device (12) comprises a first protective cover (17) and a second protective cover (18). A slide groove (19) is provided on the side where the first protective cover (17) and the second protective cover (18) are close to each other. A measurement marking device (20) is slidably provided inside the slide groove (19). The measurement marking device (20) comprises a fixing frame (21), a mounting plate (22), a spray device (23) and an extrusion device (24). An opening (30) is provided on the surface of the fixing frame (21). A mounting plate (22) is installed on the surface of the opening (30). A plurality of the extrusion devices (24) are arranged in an array on the surface of the mounting plate (22). The invention relates to a device (24) and a spray device (23), wherein the extrusion device (24) comprises a probe (33), a fixed cylinder (34), an injection device (35), an outer slide bar (36) and an extrusion disk (37). The surface of the fixed cylinder (34) is provided with the injection device (35) and the outer slide bar (36). The surface of one end of the outer slide bar (36) is provided with the injection device (35). The surface of the injection device (35) is slidably provided with a probe (33). The other end of the outer slide bar (36) is connected with the outer slide bar (36). The end of the outer slide bar (36) is connected with the extrusion disk (37). The fixed cylinder (34) is provided with an inner sliding cavity (38). The inner sliding cavity (38) is slidably provided with an upper piston plate (39) and a lower piston plate (41). The upper piston plate (39) is arranged on one side of the injection device (35), and the lower piston plate (41) is arranged on one side of the outer slide bar (36).
2. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston push rod (40) is connected between the upper piston plate (39) and the lower piston plate (41); the surface of the upper piston plate (39) is connected to the probe (33); the surface of the piston push rod (40) is connected to a connecting piston rod (42); the connecting piston rod (42) is connected to the outer sliding rod (36); a spring rod (43) is connected between the outer sliding rod (36) and the extrusion plate (37).
3. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray device (23) comprises a spray barrel (31), a placement cavity (32) and a spray cover (46); the spray barrel (31) is threadedly connected to the surface of the spray barrel (31) and is provided with the spray cover (46); the placement cavity (32) is provided when the spray barrel (31) and the spray cover (46) are closed; and a paint spray port is provided at the front end of the spray cover (46).
4. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed cylinder (34) is provided with a plurality of jet devices (35) in an array on its surface, an air discharge (45) is symmetrically provided on its surface, and a plurality of nozzles are provided on its surface, the nozzles being communicated with the interior of the inner sliding cavity (38).
5. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wall of the fixed cylinder (34) is inlaid with a plurality of one-way air intake valves (44), and the one-way air intake valves (44) are close to one end of the air injection device (35).
6. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the fixed frame (21) is provided with four lower end connecting rods (27) in an array, and the surface of the lower end connecting rods (27) provided in the array is provided with a bottom protection plate (28), and the inner side surface of the bottom protection plate (28) is provided with an arc ring (29), and the spring rod (43) is in contact with the arc ring (29).
7. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the fixing frame (21) is symmetrically provided with side mounting frames (26).
8. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of sliding wheels (25) are arranged in an array on the side of the fixed frame (21), and the sliding wheels (25) are slidably installed in the sliding grooves (19).
9. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the mobile trolley (11) is provided with a plurality of mounting steel pipes (15) in an array, an operating platform (13) is installed between the mounting steel pipes (15) in the array, and an operating entrance (16) is provided on the surface of the operating platform (13).
10. The device for measuring overbreak and underbreak in tunnel excavation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The surface array of the mobile trolley (11) is provided with a plurality of mobile pulleys (14), and the mobile pulleys (14) are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel.