Intelligent driving film composite fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent driving film composite fabric and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that humidity-sensitive yarn is subjected to alkali treatment, and pretreated yarn is obtained; the pretreated yarn absorbs moisture and then is twisted, and twisted yarn is obtained; making the twisted threads into a woven fabric through a tatting process; and carrying out curing treatment by taking the woven fabric as a bottom layer and the hydrophobic membrane material as a surface layer to obtain the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric. Through the design of the scale-shaped structure of the hydrophobic film and the humidity-sensitive yarn at the bottom layer, the response of the fabric under different humidity conditions can be realized. Hydrophilic groups arranged on cellulose macromolecules promote the fibers to have excellent moisture absorption performance. The proportion of a crystalline region and an amorphous region in the yarn treated by the alkali liquor is changed, and the humidity sensitivity of the yarn is enhanced. According to the invention, multiple functions are integrated, the performance of the fabric in the aspects of humidity management and environmental adaptability is improved, and the requirements of humidity change and environmental regulation can be more effectively met in various application occasions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smart materials, and in particular to a smart drive membrane composite fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Smart materials are a new type of material that can respond to external stimuli under certain conditions. With the advent of the Industrial 4.0 era, smart materials with "life" as the core have developed rapidly. As an interdisciplinary subject in the field of new materials, smart materials have become the focus of researchers from various disciplines.

[0003] As people yearn for outdoor sports and the performance requirements of smart materials increase, traditional smart communication equipment faces problems such as poor energy supply continuity and low portability, which leads to delayed rescue and significant loss of life. In addition, the complex outdoor environment requires smart materials to have multiple functions such as intelligence, protection, flexibility and wearing comfort.

[0004] While providing intelligence, smart materials need to ensure the high flexibility of the substrate, comfort, durability and a certain degree of protection. At the same time, they are also required to be able to achieve large-scale production and customized preparation. Therefore, in the development process of multifunctional smart materials for outdoor use, functional smart materials that transform passive reactions into active responses and self-response have become the main research direction of future smart materials.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to design an improved intelligent driving membrane composite fabric and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric and a preparation method thereof, and realize the response of the fabric under different humidity conditions through the fish-scale structure of the hydrophobic membrane and the design of the underlying yarn.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. adding the moisture-sensitive yarn to a NaOH solution for alkaline treatment to obtain a pretreated yarn;

[0009] S2. The pretreated yarn obtained in step S1 absorbs moisture and then twists to obtain a twisted yarn;

[0010] S3. The twisted yarn obtained in step S2 is made into a woven fabric by a weaving process;

[0011] S4. The woven fabric obtained in step S3 is used as the bottom layer and the hydrophobic membrane material is used as the surface layer for curing treatment to obtain an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the concentration of the NaOH solution is 140-420 g / L.

[0013] The moisture-sensitive yarn is one or more of cotton yarn, silk, wool fiber and viscose fiber.

[0014] The moisture regain of the pretreated yarn is 40-70%.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the twist degree of the twisting is 300 to 1500 twists, and the twisting direction is right-handed.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, the hydrophobic membrane material is one of a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, a polyethylene membrane and a siloxane membrane.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydrophobic membrane material is a flaky structure.

[0018] The curing treatment is performed by compounding the end of the scale of the hydrophobic membrane material with the bottom fabric, and a gap exists between the front end of the scale and the membrane material.

[0019] The present invention also provides an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention provides an intelligent drive membrane composite fabric and a preparation method thereof. Through the fish-scale structure of the hydrophobic membrane and the design of the underlying yarn, the response of the fabric under different humidity conditions can be achieved. The hydrophilic groups arranged on the cellulose macromolecules enable the fiber to have excellent hygroscopic properties. Although the original purpose of using alkali solution to treat the yarn was to improve its dyeing and wearing properties, the yarn treated with alkali solution changed the proportion of its internal crystalline and amorphous regions, and enhanced its humidity sensitivity. When the humidity of the surrounding environment changes, the fiber will undergo a hygroscopic expansion effect, and the humidity will increase the fiber untwist, and the humidity will reduce the fiber twist and swirl. When the humidity rises, the moisture-sensitive yarn will untwist, resulting in a larger pore size, allowing moisture to pass through and dissipate to the external environment, thereby reducing the ambient humidity; when the humidity is low, the scale structure closes, reducing moisture loss and keeping the environment relatively dry.

[0022] The application of the hydrophobic surface film makes the fabric surface have good hydrophobic properties, which can effectively resist the penetration of water, thereby protecting the internal moisture-sensitive yarn structure from the influence of excessive moisture, which not only enhances the functionality of the material, but also improves the overall strength and durability of the fabric. This composite structure can better adapt to different usage environments and needs. This technology can not only effectively adjust the ambient humidity when the humidity changes, but also help to improve indoor air quality and comfort, and is particularly suitable for occasions where stable ambient humidity needs to be maintained. Compared with traditional moisture-sensitive materials or simple hydrophobic fabrics, the present invention combines multiple functions into one, improves the performance of the fabric in humidity management and environmental adaptability, and this comprehensive performance improvement helps to more effectively respond to humidity changes and environmental regulation needs in various applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the synthesis route of the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0027] In addition, it should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0028] The present invention provides a method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0029] S1. The moisture-sensitive yarn is added into a NaOH solution for alkaline treatment to obtain a pretreated yarn.

[0030] Specifically, the concentration of the NaOH solution is preferably 140-420 g / L; the moisture-sensitive yarn is one or more of cotton yarn, silk, wool fiber and viscose fiber, preferably cotton yarn. The moisture regain of the obtained pretreated yarn is 40-70%. The yarn treated with alkali solution changes the proportion of its internal crystalline area and amorphous area, and strengthens its moisture sensitivity.

[0031] S2. The pretreated yarn obtained in step S1 absorbs moisture and then twists it to obtain a twisted yarn.

[0032] Specifically, the alkali-treated yarn is placed in deionized water to fully absorb water, and the yarn is twisted. Through the mechanical rotation of the motor, the yarn originally parallel to the axis produces a rotation angle with the axis; the twisting twist is preferably 300 to 1500 twists, and the hand is right-handed. Different twists will affect the strength, elasticity, moisture permeability and other properties of the yarn. Too high a twist will cause excessive internal stress in the yarn, making it easier to break when stretched. At the same time, excessive twisting of the yarn will affect the overall toughness of the yarn.

[0033] S3. The twisted yarn obtained in step S2 is processed into a woven fabric through a weaving process.

[0034] Specifically, the twisted alkali-treated yarn is woven into cloth, and the shuttle cross-weaves the warp and weft into fabric, producing a soft, textured base fabric.

[0035] S4. The woven fabric obtained in step S3 is used as the bottom layer and the hydrophobic membrane material is used as the surface layer for curing treatment to obtain an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric.

[0036] Specifically, the hydrophobic membrane material is one of a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, a polyethylene membrane and a siloxane membrane. The hydrophobic membrane material is a scale-like structure. By designing it into a fish scale structure, it can be expanded or closed when the humidity changes, thereby achieving a slight deformation of the fabric surface, which is conducive to the escape or retention of moisture. The curing treatment method is to compound the end of the scale of the hydrophobic membrane material with the underlying fabric, and there is a gap between the front end of the scale and the membrane material. Combining the hydrophobic material with the humidity-sensitive fabric to form a double-layer composite fabric not only improves the strength and durability of the material, but also enhances the functionality and adaptability of the fabric. This structural design has unique advantages in achieving humidity management and environmental regulation.

[0037] The twisted structural yarn treated with alkali solution is used to prepare the bottom structural fabric. The free structure at the front end of the scale makes it the responding part. The membrane and the fabric are cured to ensure that the membrane layer and the base material are firmly combined to form a double-layer fabric. The bottom layer will be intelligently driven under hot / humid conditions, and the gaps will change, so that when the humidity rises, the scale structure will have an opposite stress to hinder the rise of water vapor, thereby driving the scales to float upward. When the water is dispersed and the humidity drops, the scales will adaptively float down to form a positive feedback structure.

[0038] The preparation method of the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric provided by the present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Embodiment 1 provides a method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. The untreated cotton yarn was added to a 140 g / L NaOH solution for alkali treatment to obtain a pretreated yarn;

[0042] S2. The pretreated yarn is placed in deionized water to fully absorb water, and the cotton yarn is twisted to a twist of 300 twists, and the twist is rotated to the right to obtain a twisted yarn;

[0043] S3. The twisted yarn is made into a woven fabric through a weaving process;

[0044] S4. Figure 1 As shown, the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is cut into scales by a laser cutting machine, and the scale-shaped polytetrafluoroethylene membrane of the corresponding area is composited with the woven fabric, wherein the woven fabric is the bottom layer and the scale-shaped polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is the surface layer. The composite is composited by ultrasonic welding, and the end of the scale is composited with the bottom fabric to ensure that there is a gap between the front end of the scale and the membrane, thereby obtaining an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric, and its cross-sectional SEM image is shown in Figure 2 As shown, it can be seen that the fabric is composed of multiple different layers. The top layer is a scaly polytetrafluoroethylene film, and the bottom layer is a bottom layer of woven fabric. Through ultrasonic welding technology, the interface between the two layers of material is very tight and clear, showing a good bonding effect.

[0045] Embodiment 2-5

[0046] Examples 2-5 respectively provide a method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric. Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the twist of twisting is different, as shown in Table 1. Other experimental parameters and conditions are basically the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Embodiment 6-7

[0048] Examples 6-7 respectively provide a method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric. Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the hydrophobic membrane material is different, as shown in Table 1. Other experimental parameters and conditions are basically the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] Comparative Example 1 provides a method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric. Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the cotton yarn is not twisted, and other experimental parameters and conditions are basically the same as those in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] Comparative Example 2 provides a method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric. Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the cotton yarn is not subjected to alkali treatment, and other experimental parameters and conditions are basically the same as those in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0053] Comparative Example 3

[0054] Comparative Example 3 provides a method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric. Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the hydrophobic membrane material is a polypropylene membrane, and other experimental parameters and conditions are basically the same as those in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0055] Table 1 Performance test results of embodiments and comparative examples

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Table 1 shows the performance test results of the fabrics prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3. It can be seen that in Examples 1-5, as the twist of the yarn increases (from 300 twists to 1500 twists), the moisture permeability, spiral angle and scale angle of the material all show an upward trend. Moisture permeability reflects the material's ability to pass water evaporation and is an important indicator for measuring its air permeability. In Examples 1-5, as the twist increases from 300 twists to 1500 twists, the moisture permeability gradually increases from 40.1% to 56.7%, which indicates that materials with higher twists have better moisture permeability. The main reason is that the fiber gap increases, providing more channels for the passage of water vapor, making it easier for water molecules to pass through, thereby increasing the moisture permeability. As the twist increases, the tensile strength increases from 25.4MPa to 31.7MPa, and the tear strength also increases from 15.3N / mm to 32.7N / mm. This trend shows that the increase in twist greatly enhances the overall strength and local tear resistance of the material, especially for applications that need to withstand complex stresses, such as industrial fabrics or high-performance fabrics. Twist is a key optimization parameter, and increasing the yarn twist can improve the mechanical strength of the material. From Example 1 to Example 5, the scale angle gradually increases (5°→10.3°), indicating that with the increase in twist, the material's ability to recover after deformation is enhanced; the helix angle also increases with the increase in twist (30.4°→45.2°), indicating that the material has better elasticity when deformed. The increase in twist makes the fiber arrangement more orderly, thereby improving the deformation flexibility of the material.

[0059] The yarn twist of Comparative Example 1 is 0. Compared with Example 1, its moisture permeability and mechanical strength are lower, with a moisture permeability of only 25.3%, a tensile strength of 21.2 MPa, and a tear strength of only 6.1 N / mm, indicating that the untwisted material has poor flexibility and strength and is prone to structural damage.

[0060] Polyethylene and silicone materials were used in Example 6 and Example 7, respectively. It can be found that the moisture permeability and tensile strength of Example 6 are 30.3% and 21.3 MPa, respectively. Compared with the polytetrafluoroethylene material used in Example 1, the moisture permeability and tensile strength of Example 6 are lower; the moisture permeability of Example 7 is slightly higher than that of Example 6, which is 37.2%, indicating that the moisture permeability of silicone material is better than that of polyethylene. At the same time, the tensile strength and tear strength of Examples 6 and 7 are slightly lower than those of polytetrafluoroethylene materials with the same twist, but can still meet specific application requirements.

[0061] Comparative Example 2 did not perform alkali treatment on the cotton yarn. Compared with Example 1, the moisture permeability and spiral angle were lower, and the tensile strength and tear strength were also significantly lower than those of Example 1, indicating that alkali treatment can change the internal structure of cotton fibers, increase the porosity of fibers, and thus improve moisture permeability. The cotton yarn that has not been treated with alkali maintains its original tight structure, which is not conducive to the passage of water vapor. Alkali treatment enhances the overall structure of the yarn by improving the arrangement and crystallinity of the fibers. The untreated cotton yarn has reduced tensile strength and tear strength due to structural defects. Therefore, materials that have not undergone specific treatments perform poorly in terms of moisture permeability, structural elasticity, and mechanical properties.

[0062] Comparative Example 3 uses polypropylene material. Compared with Example 1, the moisture permeability, scale angle and spiral angle are all lower, indicating that due to the inherent material properties of polypropylene, such as differences in crystallinity, orientation, surface energy and molecular structure, the fabric is not as good as the fabric using polytetrafluoroethylene material in Example 1 in terms of moisture permeability and structural elasticity.

[0063] In summary, the present invention provides an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric and a preparation method thereof, wherein the moisture-sensitive yarn is subjected to alkali treatment to obtain a pretreated yarn; the pretreated yarn is twisted after absorbing moisture to obtain a twisted yarn; the twisted yarn is made into a woven fabric through a weaving process; the woven fabric is used as the bottom layer and the hydrophobic membrane material is used as the surface layer for curing treatment to obtain an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric. The present invention can achieve the response of the fabric under different humidity conditions through the fish scale structure of the hydrophobic membrane and the design of the bottom yarn. The hydrophilic groups arranged on the cellulose macromolecules enable the cotton fiber to have excellent hygroscopic properties. The yarn treated with alkali solution changes the proportion of its internal crystalline area and amorphous area, and enhances its humidity sensitivity. The present invention combines multiple functions in one, improves the performance of the fabric in humidity management and environmental adaptability, and helps to more effectively cope with the needs of humidity changes and environmental regulation in various applications.

[0064] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. adding the moisture-sensitive yarn to a NaOH solution for alkaline treatment to obtain a pretreated yarn; S2. The pretreated yarn obtained in step S1 absorbs moisture and then twists to obtain a twisted yarn; S3. The twisted yarn obtained in step S2 is made into a woven fabric by a weaving process; S4. The woven fabric obtained in step S3 is used as the bottom layer and the hydrophobic membrane material is used as the surface layer for curing treatment to obtain an intelligent driving membrane composite fabric.

2. The method for preparing the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the concentration of the NaOH solution is 140-420 g / L.

3. The method for preparing the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moisture-sensitive yarn is one or more of cotton yarn, silk, wool fiber and viscose fiber.

4. The method for preparing the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moisture regain of the pretreated yarn is 40-70%.

5. The method for preparing the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the twisting degree is 300 to 1500 twists.

6. The method for preparing the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that: The twisting direction is right-handed.

7. The method for preparing the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the hydrophobic membrane material is one of a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, a polyethylene membrane and a siloxane membrane.

8. The method for preparing the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydrophobic membrane material is a scale-like structure.

9. The method for preparing the intelligent driving membrane composite fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The curing treatment is performed by compounding the end of the scale of the hydrophobic membrane material with the bottom fabric, and a gap exists between the front end of the scale and the membrane material.

10. An intelligent driving membrane composite fabric, characterized in that: The smart driving membrane composite fabric is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

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