Water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, drilling rock breaking drilling machine and method

Abstract

The invention provides a water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, a drilling rock-breaking drilling machine and a method. Two parallel high-pressure jet flow channels and two parallel abrasive mixing channels are arranged in a water jet spray head, and the abrasive mixing channels and the high-pressure jet flow channels are arranged in a staggered mode; the abrasive mixing channels are respectively communicated with a high-pressure jet flow channel through a transition pipeline; a plurality of low-pressure water outlet passages are further arranged in the water jet nozzle; two corresponding water jet outlets and a plurality of low-pressure water outlets are formed in the end face of the water jet nozzle, and the water jet outlets are respectively communicated with the corresponding high-pressure jet channels; and the low-pressure water outlets are connected with the corresponding low-pressure water outlet passages to form a deslagging path. Combined drilling of a water jet drilling tool for hard rocks can be achieved, the drill rod can be rapidly replaced, the function of long-distance active abrasive conveying can be achieved when equipment works normally, then rapid tunneling and ultra-long tunneling are achieved, and advanced geological exploration is well achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of drilling and rock breaking, and in particular relates to a water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, a drilling and rock breaking drilling rig and a method. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Existing drilling rig types are mainly divided into impact drilling rigs and rotary drilling rigs according to their functions and characteristics. Both are suitable for various geological conditions. Both types of rock breaking drilling rigs have the advantages of strong crushing ability and high operating efficiency. They have been widely used in various fields such as underground engineering and energy.

[0004] However, in actual application, when the above-mentioned equipment comes into contact with hard rock and ultra-high-strength hard rock, the drilling efficiency is very low, the drilling speed is very slow, and because the drilling equipment is easily damaged when it comes into contact with hard rock, the drilling cost becomes very high. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, a drilling and rock breaking drill rig and method. The present invention can realize the combined drilling of water jet drilling tools on hard rock, quickly replace the drill rod, and can realize the function of long-distance active transmission of abrasives when the equipment is working normally, thereby realizing rapid excavation and ultra-long excavation, thereby carrying out advanced geological exploration.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, comprising an alloy drill bit, an alloy drill rod and a water jet nozzle, wherein:

[0008] One end of the alloy drill rod is connected to an alloy drill bit;

[0009] The alloy drill bit has a cavity inside, the water jet nozzle is arranged in the cavity, and a plurality of through holes are arranged at the center of the end face of the alloy drill bit to match the water jet nozzle;

[0010] The water jet nozzle is provided with a plurality of high-pressure jet channels and a plurality of abrasive mixing channels, wherein the abrasive mixing channels and the high-pressure jet channels are arranged alternately, and the abrasive mixing channels are connected to the corresponding high-pressure jet channels through transition pipelines;

[0011] The water jet nozzle is also provided with a plurality of low-pressure water outlet passages inside;

[0012] The end surface of the water jet nozzle is provided with a plurality of corresponding water jet outlets and a plurality of low-pressure water outlets, the water jet outlets are connected with the corresponding high-pressure jet channels; the low-pressure water outlets are connected with the corresponding low-pressure water outlet passages to form a slag discharge path.

[0013] In the above scheme, the water jet nozzle is installed in the hollow part inside the drill bit, and does not need to occupy the space of the original drill bit. The center of the drill bit is opened with water outlet holes for high-pressure jet and low-pressure slag removal liquid as needed. The other structures remain unchanged, and the structural strength and stability of the drill bit are not affected. Slag can also be discharged through the low-pressure water channel opened in the center of the drill bit. Water enters through the center, and as the drill bit rotates, the rock debris is discharged from the side of the drill bit.

[0014] As an optional embodiment, the outer end of the water jet nozzle is stepped, and the diameter of the portion close to the alloy drill rod is larger than the diameter of the portion far from the alloy drill rod;

[0015] The high-pressure jet water outlet side of the water jet nozzle is provided with wear-resistant parts, and this side is fixed by a nozzle pressure ring.

[0016] As an optional embodiment, the alloy drill rod and the alloy drill bit are detachably connected.

[0017] As an optional implementation, the alloy drill rod comprises multiple sections, and both ends of each drill rod section are respectively provided with a fixed male head and a fixed female head, and the fixed male head and the fixed female head are adapted to each other; and locking pieces are provided between adjacent drill rods.

[0018] As a further feature, the locking member includes a fixing buckle arranged at one end of the drill rod, and a locking buckle arranged at the other end of the drill rod, and the locking buckle and the fixing buckle are detachably connected.

[0019] As an optional embodiment, the alloy drill rod includes multiple sections, each section of the drill rod is hollow inside, and is used to accommodate a high-pressure water pipeline channel, a mixed abrasive medium channel and a low-pressure water channel. The high-pressure water pipeline channel and the high-pressure jet channel form a connecting passage, the mixed abrasive medium channel and the abrasive mixing channel form a connecting passage, and the low-pressure water channel and the low-pressure water outlet passage form a connecting passage.

[0020] In some implementations, drill rods are quickly connected to each other in two ways. First, when connecting drill rods, the male and female heads for positioning and providing torque inside the drill rod are connected. There is an ultra-high pressure hard steel pipe line and a mixed medium abrasive pipe line inside. The overpressure water and abrasive medium are sealed, and the remaining space in the hole is filled with low-pressure water. In this way, the transmission of high and low pressure water in the hole is achieved. The internal high-pressure pipeline and low-pressure pipeline are integrated on the drill rod. When the drill rod is positioned and the male and female heads for providing torque resistance are connected, the internal pipelines are also connected. Second, after the connection is completed, the high-strength fixing buckle at the drill rod connection is clamped to clamp the drill rod for quick connection. The above scheme can realize the quick connection between drill rods and internal high and low pressure pipelines, and realize ultra-long and ultra-fast drilling.

[0021] As an optional embodiment, a plurality of sensors are provided on the surface of the drill rod near the alloy drill bit, and the sensors are used to monitor the temperature of the drilling space, detect the composition of the cave in front, monitor the pressure of the water in the cave, monitor the toxic and harmful gases in the current drilling space, and detect the torque and reaction force of the drilling rig motor.

[0022] As an optional embodiment, the water jet nozzle is provided with two parallel high-pressure jet channels and two parallel abrasive mixing channels, and the abrasive mixing channels are respectively connected to a high-pressure jet channel through a transition pipeline;

[0023] Two high-pressure jet channels are symmetrically arranged in the water jet nozzle, and two abrasive mixing channels are symmetrically arranged in the water jet nozzle, and the abrasive mixing channel and the high-pressure jet channel are symmetrically arranged in the water jet nozzle, and the difference between the abrasive mixing channel and the high-pressure jet channel is 90 degrees;

[0024] The transition pipeline is arranged obliquely with respect to the direction of the high-pressure jet channel / abrasive mixing channel.

[0025] In the above scheme, the three-dimensional space arrangement is cleverly utilized to realize the integration of two high-pressure water jets and two mixed abrasive media under a small nozzle diameter, and the integration of low-pressure and large-flow slag removal liquid. The water jet nozzle realizes efficient use of space based on the specific internal space of the drill bit, solving one of the integration difficulties of actual engineering water jet drilling rigs.

[0026] As an optional embodiment, there are three low-pressure water outlets, which are arranged side by side on the end face of the water jet nozzle / alloy drill bit, and the low-pressure water outlet passages include two, which are arranged side by side inside the water jet nozzle, and each low-pressure water outlet passage is connected to partial areas of the two low-pressure water outlets.

[0027] As an optional embodiment, the inner diameter of the drill rod is smaller than the outer diameter of the water jet nozzle.

[0028] In the above scheme, the inner diameter of the drill rod is processed to be smaller than the outer diameter of the water jet nozzle. After the water jet nozzle is installed in the drill bit, the drill bit and the drill rod are connected. When the drill bit and the drill rod are tightened, a fixed platform can be formed because the diameter of the drill rod is smaller than the diameter of the water jet nozzle. The water jet nozzle is pressed by the drill rod. Through the above fixing method, the connection and fixation of the drill rod and the drill bit are realized, and the water jet nozzle is fixed inside the drill bit.

[0029] A rock drilling rig comprises the above-mentioned water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, a drilling rig body, a medium balancing and transmission system, a low-pressure water supply unit and a high-pressure jet water power unit, wherein:

[0030] The drilling rig body is provided with a water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, and the drilling rig body is used to drive and control the movement, posture and operation of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool;

[0031] The high-pressure water pipeline channel of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool is connected to the high-pressure jet water power unit through a rotary transmission joint;

[0032] The low-pressure water channel of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool is connected to the low-pressure water supply unit via a rotary transmission joint;

[0033] The mixed abrasive medium channel of the water jet mechanical joint drilling tool is connected with the medium balancing and transmission system through a rotary transmission joint.

[0034] As an optional embodiment, the medium balancing and transmission system includes a sand supply bin and a medium balancing water-sand mixing bin. The sand supply bin is used to store sand and is connected to the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin via a sand inlet pipeline. The medium balancing water-sand mixing bin is provided with a water inlet. A stirring device is provided in the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin. A motor and a mixed medium transmission pipe are provided at the lower end of the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin. The motor is used to transport the mixed abrasive to the mixed medium transmission pipe, and the mixed medium transmission pipe is connected to the rotary transmission joint.

[0035] As an optional implementation, the rotary transmission joint includes a rotating end and a fixed end, the rotating end is sleeved at the center of the fixed end, and the two are connected by a flange;

[0036] The fixed end is provided with a mixed abrasive transmission channel and a low-pressure water inlet channel, one end of the low-pressure water inlet channel is connected to the low-pressure water channel inside the drill rod of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, and the other end is connected to the low-pressure water supply unit;

[0037] One end of the mixed abrasive transmission channel is connected to the medium balancing and transmission system, a filter membrane is provided at the end of the mixed abrasive transmission channel, and the other end is connected to the mixed abrasive medium channel;

[0038] The rotating end is connected to the drill rod of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, and a high-pressure water passage is opened inside. One end of the high-pressure water passage is connected to the high-pressure water pipeline channel, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure jet water power unit.

[0039] As an optional embodiment, the drilling rig body is provided with a drilling rig angle adjustment device, a drill rod rotation power device and a drilling rig thrust cylinder.

[0040] A working method based on the above-mentioned rock drilling rig comprises the following steps:

[0041] Transport the rock drilling rig to the designated location where drilling is required, connect the medium balancing and transmission system, low-pressure water supply unit and high-pressure jet water power unit, start the power supply of the whole machine, turn on the power supply of each equipment control system, and install each system part of the drilling rig in place;

[0042] Assemble the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, and connect the drilling and rock breaking drill rig and the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool;

[0043] Open the media balancing and transmission system to mix the abrasive;

[0044] Adjust the rock drilling rig to make the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool at a suitable drilling angle, and start the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool;

[0045] The ultra-high pressure water power unit is turned on to provide a high pressure water jet. According to the air flow disturbance when the high pressure water jet is ejected, a negative pressure is formed to suck in the mixed abrasive and provide it to the water jet mechanical joint drilling tool to form a mixed cutting state of abrasive and water jet;

[0046] When the supply distance is greater than the set length, the motor of the medium balancing and transmission system is started to release the mixed abrasive medium after stirring and mixing to the rotating transmission joint, so as to realize the active sand supply of the mixed abrasive at a long distance;

[0047] During the above operation, the low-pressure water supply unit is opened regularly or irregularly to provide low-pressure water to the low-pressure water channel of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, which flows into the low-pressure water outlet passage and is discharged from the low-pressure water outlet to achieve slag discharge;

[0048] When the drill rod needs to be connected, turn off the ultra-high pressure water power unit, turn off the medium equalization and transmission system, and place the new drill rod. After the drill rod is placed in the specified position, align the high-pressure water pipeline channel and the low-pressure water channel inside the drill rod, connect the male and female heads, and tighten the locking parts to achieve ultra-long continuation and quick connection of the drill rod of the unit.

[0049] As an optional implementation, the mathematical model of the relationship between the transmission distance and other parameters is: L = η*ρ*P*S;

[0050] Among them, L is the distance that the mixed medium needs to be transmitted, η is the unknown coefficient, ρ is the density of the medium, P is the pump pressure provided by the medium transmission system, and S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline.

[0051] As an optional implementation, during the drilling process, the strength of the rock is calculated based on the force of the drill rod rotating motor and the drilling thrust of the drilling rig thrust cylinder. The specific mathematical model of rock strength is: P = η*N*F; where η is the coefficient; N is the forward thrust of the cylinder; F is the motor torque;

[0052] Determine the integrity of the rock ahead based on the uniformity of the force.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] The present invention provides a new type of combined drilling tool of a water jet nozzle and a traditional drill bit. The water jet nozzle is installed in the hollow part inside the drill bit, and does not need to occupy the space of the original drill bit. The center of the drill bit needs to open a water outlet hole for high-pressure jet and low-pressure slag removal liquid, and the other structures are not changed, which does not affect the structural strength and structural stability of the drill bit. The slag removal is a low-pressure water channel opened in the center of the drill bit. Water enters through the center, and as the drill bit rotates, the rock slag is discharged from the side of the drill bit.

[0055] The inner diameter of the drill rod of the present invention is smaller than the outer diameter of the water jet nozzle. After the water jet nozzle is installed in the drill bit, the drill rod and the drill bit are connected. When the drill bit and the drill rod are tightened, a fixing platform is formed at this time because the diameter of the drill rod is smaller than the diameter of the water jet nozzle. The water jet nozzle is pressed by the drill rod. This realizes the connection and fixation of the drill rod and the drill bit, and also realizes the fixation of the water jet nozzle inside the drill bit.

[0056] The present invention, by cleverly utilizing the arrangement of three-dimensional space, not only realizes the integration of two high-pressure water jets and two mixed abrasive media in a small-diameter nozzle, but also realizes the integration of low-pressure and high-flow slag removal liquid. The new water jet nozzle realizes efficient use of space according to the specific internal space of the drill bit, solving one of the integration difficulties of actual engineering water jet drilling rigs.

[0057] The invention can suck abrasives by negative pressure within a certain range, which is economical and efficient. When the set range is exceeded, the mixed abrasive is pushed by a small booster pump to supply cutting abrasives, thereby ensuring cutting efficiency.

[0058] The present invention can realize the rapid connection of drill rods and the transmission of high and low pressure water in the hole; it can also realize the temperature monitoring of the deep drilling space, the component monitoring of the cave ahead, the pressure monitoring of the water in the current cave, and the monitoring of toxic and harmful gases in the current drilling space through the signal returned by the sensor on the drill rod.

[0059] The present invention obtains real-time data by monitoring the torque on the sensor and the reaction force on the drilling rig motor, and can monitor the rock integrity and rock strength. By analyzing the torque of the sensor and the thrust of the servo motor, if the force is uniform, it means that the rock integrity is high; if the force is uneven, it means that the rock integrity is poor.

[0060] The present invention adds a filter membrane beside the hole side of the rotating shaft for transmitting the mixed abrasive medium, which can block the abrasive in the mixed medium from passing through and reduce the damage caused by the abrasive particles in the mixed medium to the high-pressure sealing ring and the like.

[0061] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0063] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a water jet drilling rig according to an embodiment;

[0064] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a drilling tool structure according to an embodiment;

[0065] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a water jet nozzle according to an embodiment;

[0066] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a drill rod and a cross-sectional structure of the drill rod according to an embodiment;

[0067] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium equalization and transmission system according to an embodiment;

[0068] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary joint according to an embodiment;

[0069] Figure 7 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of a water jet nozzle according to an embodiment;

[0070] Figure 8 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of a water jet nozzle of an embodiment from another angle.

[0071] Among them, 100 is a water jet mechanical combined drilling tool;

[0072] 200 is a water jet nozzle;

[0073] 300 is alloy drill rod;

[0074] 400 is a medium equalization and transmission system;

[0075] 500 is a rotary transmission joint;

[0076] 600 is a rock drilling rig;

[0077] 700 is a high-pressure jet water power unit;

[0078] 800 is an automatic rod feeding device;

[0079] 101 is a drill bit, 103 is a water jet nozzle fixing block;

[0080] 201 is a water jet nozzle, 202 is a water jet nozzle fixing block, 203 is a high-pressure jet water inlet, 204 is a high-pressure jet water outlet, 205 is an abrasive sand inlet, 206 is a low-pressure water inlet, and 207 is a low-pressure water outlet;

[0081] 301 is a drill rod, 302 is a sensor, 303 is a male head, 304 is a female head, 305 is a fixing buckle, 306 is a locking buckle, 308 is a low-pressure water channel, 309 is a high-pressure water pipeline channel, and 310 is a mixed abrasive medium channel;

[0082] 401 is a medium balanced water-sand mixing bin, 402 is a water inlet, 403 is a sand inlet pipeline, 404 is a stirring device, 405 is a motor, 406 is a mixed medium transmission pipe, and 407 is a sand supply bin;

[0083] 501 is a rotating end, 502 is a fixed end, 503 is a high-pressure water transmission hole, 504 is a low-pressure water inlet, 505 is a mixed abrasive transmission channel, and 506 is a filter membrane;

[0084] 601 is a drilling rig angle adjustment device, 602 is a drill rod rotation power device, and 603 is a drilling rig thrust cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0086] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0087] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0088] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0089] Embodiment 1

[0090] A water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100, such as Figure 2 As shown, it is composed of three parts: an alloy drill bit (hereinafter referred to as the drill bit), an alloy drill rod 300 (hereinafter referred to as the drill rod) and a water jet nozzle 200.

[0091] One end of the alloy drill rod 300 is connected to the alloy drill bit;

[0092] The alloy drill bit has a cavity inside, the water jet nozzle 200 is arranged in the cavity, and a plurality of through holes are arranged at the center of the end face of the alloy drill bit to match the water jet nozzle 200;

[0093] like Figure 3 As shown, the water jet nozzle 200 is internally provided with two parallel high-pressure jet channels, one end of the high-pressure jet channel is a high-pressure jet water inlet 203, and the other end is a high-pressure jet water outlet 204, as well as two parallel abrasive mixing channels, one end of the abrasive mixing channel is an abrasive sand inlet 205, and the other end is connected to the corresponding high-pressure jet channel through a transition pipeline, and the abrasive mixing channel and the high-pressure jet channel are staggered.

[0094] The water jet nozzle 200 is also provided with a plurality of low-pressure water outlet passages, one end of which is a low-pressure water inlet 206 and the other end is a low-pressure water outlet 207;

[0095] Two corresponding water jet outlets and a plurality of low-pressure water outlets 207 are arranged on the end surface of the water jet nozzle 200. The water jet outlets are respectively connected to the corresponding high-pressure jet channels; the low-pressure water outlets are connected to the corresponding low-pressure water outlet passages to form a slag discharge path.

[0096] The water jet nozzle 200 is installed in the hollow part inside the drill bit through the water jet nozzle fixing block 202, and does not need to occupy the original drill bit space. The center of the drill bit needs to open a water outlet hole for high-pressure jet and low-pressure slag removal liquid, and the other structures are not changed, which does not affect the structural strength and structural stability of the drill bit. The slag removal is a low-pressure water channel opened in the center of the drill bit. Water enters through the center, and as the drill bit rotates, the rock slag is discharged from the side of the drill bit.

[0097] The fixing method of the water jet nozzle 200 is also quite clever. Through high-precision machining, a space for loading and unloading the water jet nozzle 200 is reserved on the drill bit. During machining, the inner diameter of the drill rod 301 is processed to be smaller than the outer diameter of the water jet nozzle 200. After the water jet nozzle 200 is installed inside the drill bit, the drill rod 301 is connected. When the drill rod 301 is tightened, a fixing platform is formed because the diameter of the drill rod 301 is smaller than the diameter of the water jet nozzle 200, and the water jet nozzle 200 is pressed by the drill rod 301. Through the above fixing method, both the connection and fixation of the drill rod 301 and the drill bit are realized, and the fixing of the water jet nozzle 200 inside the drill bit is realized.

[0098] like Figure 7 As shown, the internal structure of the water jet nozzle 200 includes: two high-pressure water pipeline channels 309, two mixed abrasive medium channels 310, two low-pressure water channels 308 and three low-pressure water outlets 207. The two high-pressure water pipeline channels 309 are symmetrically distributed inside the water jet nozzle 200 by utilizing the three-dimensional space, and the two mixed abrasive medium channels 310 are also evenly distributed inside the water jet nozzle 200, and are 90 degrees different from the high-pressure water pipeline channels 309.

[0099] like Figure 8 As shown, the internal route of the mixed abrasive medium channel 310 is connected to the high-pressure water pipeline channel 309 through a three-dimensional upward oblique insertion (i.e., a transition pipeline), forming a three-pronged loop for transferring abrasives. The high-pressure jet outlet side of the water jet nozzle 200 still retains wear-resistant parts, and the outside is spirally fixed by a nozzle pressure ring.

[0100] The two low-pressure water inlets 206 are evenly distributed in the remaining space inside the high-pressure jet water inlet 203 and the abrasive sand inlet 205 . Multiple low-pressure water outlets 207 are designed, and water enters through the two low-pressure water inlets 206 and is discharged at the low-pressure water outlets 207 .

[0101] At the place where the high-pressure water and the abrasive pipeline are in contact inside the water jet nozzle 200, due to the change in air pressure caused by the high-pressure jet, negative pressure will be formed to actively suck in the abrasive, but the negative pressure will weaken with the increase of the sand conveying distance. Therefore, this embodiment uses negative pressure to suck in the abrasive within 30 meters, and it is also possible to directly use a small booster pump to transport the abrasive medium without using negative pressure; when it exceeds 30 meters, the mixed abrasive is used to be propelled by a small booster pump to provide cutting abrasive.

[0102] On the other hand, the drill rod 301 and the drill bit are fixed by threads.

[0103] In some embodiments, rubber buffer pads are provided inside the combined drilling tool, at the drill bit and the water jet nozzle 200 to prevent the sand guide tube of the water jet nozzle 200 from being affected by vibration during the drilling process.

[0104] like Figure 4 As shown, the drill rods 301 and 301 are quickly connected to each other in two ways. First, when connecting the drill rods, the male head 303 and the female head 304 for positioning and providing torque inside the drill rod are connected relative to each other. There is an ultra-high pressure hard steel pipe pipeline and a mixed medium abrasive pipeline inside, and the overpressure water and abrasive medium are sealed. The remaining space in the hole passes low-pressure water of 3-6 MPa.

[0105] The internal high-pressure and low-pressure pipelines are integrated on the drill pipe, and when the drill pipe is positioned and the male head 303 and the female head 304 providing anti-torque are connected, the internal pipelines are also connected.

[0106] Second, after the docking is completed, the fixing buckle 305 and the locking buckle 306 at the drill pipe connection are clamped to clamp the drill pipe for quick connection. This method can realize quick connection between drill pipes and internal high and low pressure pipelines, laying the foundation for ultra-long and ultra-fast drilling.

[0107] The drill rod is manually placed next to the equipment where the drill rod needs to be connected, and then an automatic rod delivery device 800 is set on the drilling rig to automatically deliver the drill rod, and then fix the drill rod and continue working.

[0108] Multiple sensors 302 are placed at the front end of the drill rod 301. Through the signals returned by the sensors 302 on the drill rod 301, the temperature of the deep drilling space, the composition of the cave ahead, the pressure of the water in the current cave, and the toxic and harmful gases in the current drilling space can be monitored.

[0109] In addition, by monitoring the torque on the sensor 302 and the reaction force on the drilling motor, real-time data can be obtained to monitor the integrity and strength of the rock. By analyzing the torque of the sensor 302 and the thrust of the drilling motor, if the force is uniform, it means that the rock integrity is high; if the force is uneven, it means that the rock integrity is poor.

[0110] Through the sensor data, the calculation model of rock strength can be obtained, rock strength P:

[0111] P = η * N * F;

[0112] Among them, η is the unknown coefficient; N is the forward thrust of the cylinder; F is the motor torque.

[0113] Embodiment 2

[0114] like Figure 1 As shown, a rock drilling rig 600 (which may be referred to as a drilling rig for short) includes the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100 provided in the first embodiment, a drilling rig body, a medium balancing and transmission system 400, a low-pressure water supply unit and a high-pressure jet water power unit 700, wherein:

[0115] The drilling rig body is provided with a water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100, and the drilling rig body is used to drive and control the movement, posture and operation of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100;

[0116] The high-pressure water pipeline channel 309 of the water jet mechanical joint drilling tool 100 is connected to the high-pressure jet water power unit 700 through a rotary transmission joint 500;

[0117] The low-pressure water channel 308 of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100 is connected to the low-pressure water supply unit via a rotary transmission joint 500;

[0118] The mixed abrasive medium channel 310 of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100 is connected to the medium balancing and transmission system 400 through a rotary transmission joint 500 .

[0119] like Figure 5 As shown, the medium balancing and transmission system 400 includes a sand supply bin and a medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401 (which can be referred to as a mixing bin for short). The sand supply bin is used to store sand and is connected to the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401 via a sand inlet pipeline 403. The medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401 is provided with a water inlet 402. The medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401 is provided with a stirring device 404. The lower end of the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401 is provided with a motor 405 and a mixed medium transmission pipe 406. The motor 405 is used to transport the mixed abrasive to the mixed medium transmission pipe 406. The mixed medium transmission pipe 406 is connected to the rotary transmission joint 500.

[0120] The main function of the medium balancing and transmission system 400 is to provide mixed abrasives to the high-pressure jet when drilling over a long distance, so as to perform rock breaking work of the water jet mixed abrasives. The medium balancing and transmission system 400 is composed of several parts such as a sand supply bin 407, a medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401, and a motor 405. Add the abrasives to the sand supply bin 407, close the sand inlet 403 of the sand supply bin 407, turn on the air pump, and the abrasives are actively added to the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401. There is a water inlet 402 on the upper side of the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401, and the water flows into the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401 from the top, and the abrasive sand enters the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401 from the side. Water and abrasives are transported to the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401 in a certain proportion, and the water and abrasives are fully mixed through the stirring device 404 inside the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin 401. After being fully mixed, the motor 405 transmits the mixed medium to the abrasive sand inlet 205 of the water jet nozzle 200 through the pipeline, so as to achieve the mixing of the abrasive water jet, thereby performing cutting combined with drilling.

[0121] According to the following model, the mathematical model of drilling length and transmission key parameters can be obtained.

[0122] The model of the medium balance and the transmission distance of the transmission system and the pump pressure provided by the motor 405 is:

[0123] L = η*ρ*P*S;

[0124] Among them, L is the distance that the mixed medium needs to be transmitted; η is the unknown coefficient; ρ is the density of the medium; P is the pump pressure provided by the medium transmission system; S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline.

[0125] like Figure 6 As shown, the rotary transmission joint 500 (or referred to as the rotation center) includes a rotating end 501 and a fixed end 502, wherein the rotating end 501 is sleeved at the center of the fixed end 502, and the two are connected by a flange;

[0126] The fixed end 502 is provided with a mixed abrasive transmission channel 505 and a low-pressure water inlet channel, one end of the low-pressure water inlet channel is connected to the low-pressure water channel 308 inside the drill rod 301 of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100, and the other end is a low-pressure water inlet 504, which is connected to the low-pressure water supply unit;

[0127] One end of the mixed abrasive transmission channel 505 is connected to the medium balancing and transmission system 400, a filter membrane 506 is provided at the end of the mixed abrasive transmission channel 505, and the other end is connected to the mixed abrasive medium channel 310;

[0128] The rotating end 501 is connected to the drill rod 301 of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100, and a high-pressure water passage is opened inside. One end of the high-pressure water passage is connected to the high-pressure water pipeline channel 309, and the other end is a high-pressure water transmission hole 503, which is connected to the high-pressure jet water power unit 700.

[0129] In some embodiments, a three-way valve is provided on the pipeline between the rotary transmission joint 500 and the medium balancing and transmission system 400 to add an air circuit, and a solenoid valve control switch is configured. When the equipment is started and stopped at a low pressure, water will flow back into the abrasive pipeline. The solenoid valve control switch can be used to allow gas to flow into the air circuit when the pressure is low during start-up and shutdown to prevent blockage of the abrasive.

[0130] The drilling rig body is provided with a drilling rig angle adjustment device 601, a drill rod rotation power device 602 and a drilling rig thrust cylinder 603. For the above-mentioned components of the drilling rig or other parts not introduced in detail, existing technologies can be adopted and will not be described in detail here.

[0131] Embodiment 3

[0132] The drilling rig provided in the second embodiment implements the cutting steps as follows.

[0133] Transport the rock drilling rig 600 and all its mechanisms to the designated location where drilling is required, connect the power cord, and provide the required water supply pipeline. Start the power supply of the entire equipment, turn on the power supply of each equipment control system, and install each system part of the drilling rig in place.

[0134] The water jet mechanical joint drilling tool 100 is installed and debugged in place, the water jet nozzle 200 is fixed, and each pipeline is connected in place.

[0135] Open the medium balancing and transmission system 400, transmit the abrasive in the water supply and sand supply bin 407 to the mixing bin through the pipeline, mix the water and the abrasive in a specific ratio to obtain a water-sand mixed medium, and in order to prevent the mixed medium from settling, turn on the agitator before starting the motor 405, so that the water and sand in the mixing bin are always in a relatively balanced mixed state, and wait for the motor 405 to release a thrust signal.

[0136] Adjust the appropriate drilling angle through the drilling rig drilling angle adjustment device, turn on the drill bit rotation power source, and turn on the drilling thrust cylinder.

[0137] At this time, the ultra-high pressure water power unit is turned on, and the ultra-high pressure water is transmitted to the high pressure water inlet of the rotary joint through the pipeline. The ultra-high pressure water is transmitted to the ultra-high pressure water inlet of the water jet nozzle 200 in a rotating form through the dynamic and static separation of the rotation center, and is ejected from the high pressure water outlet through the pipeline of the water jet nozzle 200. In the process of ultra-high pressure water ejection, due to the disturbance of air flow at the position of the pipeline and the abrasive delivery port, a negative pressure suction force will be formed on the abrasive input end, which can actively suck out the abrasive and provide it to the high pressure jet to form a mixed cutting state of abrasive water jet, greatly improving the cutting ability. It has been found through experiments that when drilling within 30 meters, this method can be used to supply abrasive. When the supply distance is greater than 30 meters, the motor 405 of the medium balancing and transmission system 400 is started to release the mixed abrasive medium after stirring and mixing to the sand inlet 403 of the rotary transmission joint 500. An abrasive particle filter membrane is added to the sand path of the rotary joint dynamic and static separation to block the passage of fine particles and protect key components such as sealing rings. The mixed medium abrasive is transported from the sand outlet to the 205 abrasive delivery port through the pipeline. The active sand supply of the mixed abrasive is realized at a long distance, and the water and the mixed abrasive are mixed, thereby enhancing the rock breaking cutting force.

[0138] A large amount of rock debris will be generated during the drilling process. If the rock debris is not cleaned in time, blockage and inability to work normally may occur. To avoid the above situation, low-pressure and high-flow slag discharge water is required to be ejected from the center of the drill bit through the rotary transmission joint 500, the water jet nozzle 200, etc., and flow out from the side of the drill bit with the rock debris.

[0139] Specifically, low-pressure water flows in from the rotary transmission joint 500, is separated from the static and dynamic state, flows out from the rotating end 501 of the rotary transmission joint 500, flows into the low-pressure water inlet 206 of the water jet nozzle 200, and is discharged from the low-pressure water outlet 207. In addition, in order to ensure that the slag discharge liquid can reach the required flow rate, the water jet nozzle 200 includes two low-pressure water channels and three low-pressure water outlets 207.

[0140] In order to achieve ultra-long distance drilling, it is necessary to ensure the rapid connection of the drill rod. The rapid connection method of the drill rod designed in this embodiment is: when the drill rod needs to be connected, turn off the high-pressure jet water power unit 700, turn off the medium equalization and transmission system 400, disconnect the fixing buckle 305 and the drill rod locking buckle 306, retreat the thrust cylinder, separate the drill rod male head 303 and the drill rod female head 304, retreat the cylinder to the specified position, and place the new drill rod. After the drill rod is placed at the specified position, align the high-pressure water and low-pressure water pipelines inside the drill rod, the drill rod male head 303 and the drill rod female head 304 are in contact, and lock the fixing buckle 305 and the drill rod locking buckle 306 to achieve ultra-long continuation and rapid connection of the drill rod of this unit.

[0141] A plurality of sensors 302 are placed on the drill pipe near the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100, and the sensors 302 can measure parameters such as the temperature of the space in front of the drilling, the water pressure of the jet, the harmful gas in front of the drilling, and the water pressure of the space near the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool 100. In addition, the strength of the rock can be inferred through the force of the drill pipe rotating motor, the drilling thrust of the drilling rig drilling thrust cylinder, and other parameters.

[0142] By analyzing the force of the drill rod rotating motor, the drilling thrust of the drilling rig thrust cylinder and other parameters, the integrity of the rock ahead can be analyzed. If the force is relatively uniform, it means that the rock is relatively complete; if there is a large jump in the force analysis, the rock is incomplete.

[0143] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention without creative labor shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, characterized in that: It includes alloy drill bit, alloy drill rod and water jet nozzle, among which: One end of the alloy drill rod is connected to an alloy drill bit; The alloy drill bit has a cavity inside, the water jet nozzle is arranged in the cavity, and a plurality of through holes are arranged at the center of the end face of the alloy drill bit to match the water jet nozzle; The water jet nozzle is provided with a plurality of high-pressure jet channels and a plurality of abrasive mixing channels, wherein the abrasive mixing channels and the high-pressure jet channels are arranged alternately, and the abrasive mixing channels are connected to the corresponding high-pressure jet channels through transition pipelines; The water jet nozzle is also provided with a plurality of low-pressure water outlet passages inside; The end surface of the water jet nozzle is provided with a plurality of corresponding water jet outlets and a plurality of low-pressure water outlets, the water jet outlets are connected with the corresponding high-pressure jet channels; the low-pressure water outlets are connected with the corresponding low-pressure water outlet passages to form a slag discharge path.

2. A water jet mechanical combined drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the water jet nozzle is stepped, and the diameter of the part close to the alloy drill rod is larger than the diameter of the part far from the alloy drill rod; The high-pressure jet outlet side of the water jet nozzle is provided with wear-resistant parts, and this side is fixed by a nozzle pressure ring; Or, a rubber buffer pad is provided at the water jet nozzle.

3. A water jet mechanical combined drilling tool as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The alloy drill rod and the alloy drill bit are detachably connected; Or, the alloy drill rod comprises multiple sections, and both ends of each drill rod section are respectively provided with a fixed male head and a fixed female head, and the fixed male head and the fixed female head are adapted to each other; and a locking piece is provided between adjacent drill rods; The locking member comprises a fixing buckle arranged at one end of the drill rod and a locking buckle arranged at the other end of the drill rod, and the locking buckle and the fixing buckle are detachably connected.

4. The water jet mechanical combined drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The alloy drill rod comprises multiple sections, each section of the drill rod is hollow inside and is used to accommodate a high-pressure water pipeline channel, a mixed abrasive medium channel and a low-pressure water channel, the high-pressure water pipeline channel and the high-pressure jet channel form a connecting passage, the mixed abrasive medium channel and the abrasive mixing channel form a connecting passage, and the low-pressure water channel and the low-pressure water outlet passage form a connecting passage; Alternatively, the inner diameter of the drill rod is smaller than the outer diameter of the water jet nozzle.

5. A water jet mechanical combined drilling tool as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: A plurality of sensors are arranged on the surface of the drill rod near the alloy drill bit, and the sensors are used to monitor the temperature of the drilling space, detect the composition of the cave ahead, monitor the pressure of the water in the cave, monitor the toxic and harmful gases in the current drilling space, and detect the torque and reaction force of the drilling rig motor.

6. The water jet mechanical combined drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water jet nozzle is provided with two parallel high-pressure jet channels and two parallel abrasive mixing channels, and each of the abrasive mixing channels is connected to a high-pressure jet channel through a transition pipeline; Two high-pressure jet channels are symmetrically arranged in the water jet nozzle, and two abrasive mixing channels are symmetrically arranged in the water jet nozzle, and the abrasive mixing channel and the high-pressure jet channel are symmetrically arranged in the water jet nozzle, and the difference between the abrasive mixing channel and the high-pressure jet channel is 90 degrees; The transition pipeline is arranged obliquely with respect to the direction of the high-pressure jet channel / abrasive mixing channel.

7. The water jet mechanical combined drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: There are three low-pressure water outlets, which are arranged side by side on the end surface of the water jet nozzle / alloy drill bit. There are two low-pressure water outlet passages, which are arranged side by side inside the water jet nozzle. Each low-pressure water outlet passage is connected to partial areas of the two low-pressure water outlets.

8. A rock drilling rig, characterized in that: It comprises a water jet mechanical combined drilling tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, a drilling rig body, a medium balancing and transmission system, a low-pressure water supply unit and a high-pressure jet water power unit, wherein: The drilling rig body is provided with a water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, and the drilling rig body is used to drive and control the movement, posture and operation of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool; The high-pressure water pipeline channel of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool is connected to the high-pressure jet water power unit through a rotary transmission joint; The low-pressure water channel of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool is connected to the low-pressure water supply unit via a rotary transmission joint; The mixed abrasive medium channel of the water jet mechanical joint drilling tool is connected with the medium balancing and transmission system through a rotary transmission joint.

9. A rock drilling rig as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The drilling rig body is provided with a drilling rig angle adjustment device, a drill rod rotation power device and a drilling rig thrust cylinder; Alternatively, the medium balancing and transmission system includes a sand supply bin and a medium balancing water-sand mixing bin, the sand supply bin is used to store sand, and is connected to the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin through a sand inlet pipeline, the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin is provided with a water inlet, the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin is provided with a stirring device, the lower end of the medium balancing water-sand mixing bin is provided with a motor and a mixed medium transmission pipe, the motor is used to transport the mixed abrasive to the mixed medium transmission pipe, and the mixed medium transmission pipe is connected to the rotary transmission joint.

10. A rock drilling rig as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The rotary transmission joint comprises a rotating end and a fixed end, wherein the rotating end is sleeved at the center of the fixed end, and the two are connected by a flange; The fixed end is provided with a mixed abrasive transmission channel and a low-pressure water inlet channel, one end of the low-pressure water inlet channel is connected to the low-pressure water channel inside the drill rod of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, and the other end is connected to the low-pressure water supply unit; One end of the mixed abrasive transmission channel is connected to the medium balancing and transmission system, a filter membrane is provided at the end of the mixed abrasive transmission channel, and the other end is connected to the mixed abrasive medium channel; The rotating end is connected to the drill rod of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, and a high-pressure water passage is opened inside. One end of the high-pressure water passage is connected to the high-pressure water pipeline channel, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure jet water power unit.

11. A working method of a rock drilling rig according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Transport the rock drilling rig to the designated location where drilling is required, connect the medium balancing and transmission system, low-pressure water supply unit and high-pressure jet water power unit, start the power supply of the whole machine, turn on the power supply of each equipment control system, and install each system part of the drilling rig in place; Assemble the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, and connect the drilling and rock breaking drill rig and the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool; Open the media balancing and transmission system to mix the abrasive; Adjust the rock drilling rig to make the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool at a suitable drilling angle, and start the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool; The ultra-high pressure water power unit is turned on to provide a high pressure water jet. According to the air flow disturbance when the high pressure water jet is ejected, a negative pressure is formed to suck in the mixed abrasive and provide it to the water jet mechanical joint drilling tool to form a mixed cutting state of abrasive and water jet; When the supply distance is greater than the set length, the motor of the medium balancing and transmission system is started to release the mixed abrasive medium after stirring and mixing to the rotating transmission joint, so as to realize the active sand supply of the mixed abrasive at a long distance; During the above operation, the low-pressure water supply unit is opened regularly or irregularly to provide low-pressure water to the low-pressure water channel of the water jet mechanical combined drilling tool, which flows into the low-pressure water outlet passage and is discharged from the low-pressure water outlet to achieve slag discharge; When the drill rod needs to be connected, turn off the ultra-high pressure water power unit, turn off the medium equalization and transmission system, and place the new drill rod. After the drill rod is placed in the specified position, align the high-pressure water pipeline channel and the low-pressure water channel inside the drill rod, connect the male and female heads, and tighten the locking parts to achieve ultra-long continuation and quick connection of the drill rod of the unit.

12. The working method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The mathematical model of the relationship between transmission distance and other parameters is: L = η*ρ*P*S; Among them, L is the distance that the mixed medium needs to be transmitted, η is the unknown coefficient, ρ is the density of the medium, P is the pump pressure provided by the medium transmission system, and S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline.

13. The working method according to claim 11, characterized in that During the drilling process, the strength of the rock is calculated based on the force of the drill rod rotating motor and the drilling thrust of the drilling rig thrust cylinder. The specific mathematical model of rock strength is: P = η*N*F; where η is the coefficient; N is the forward thrust of the cylinder; F is the motor torque; Determine the integrity of the rock ahead based on the uniformity of the force.

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