Gasket combined type lock nut and lock bolt

Abstract

The gasket combined type locknut comprises a rotating part and a gasket part which are arranged on a bolt in a penetrating mode, one axial end of the rotating part and one axial end of the gasket part are oppositely connected in a matched mode and form circumferential abutting connection, and the other axial end of the gasket part forms a contact face used for making contact with a target surface. The invention further discloses a gasket combined type check bolt. According to the invention, the rotating part and the shaft end of the gasket part are abutted against and matched with each other, and the other end of the gasket part is in contact locking with the target surface, so that an axial abutting action force can be generated during loosening to enhance the friction force between the gasket part and the target surface, thereby forming an effective anti-loosening effect; meanwhile, the combined lining is arranged to support the rotating part and the gasket part, effective radial vibration absorption is formed, coaxiality is maintained, accurate abutting fit of the two shaft ends is kept, effective axial vibration absorption is formed, the bolt and nut structure has high-strength high-frequency vibration endurance capacity, and the anti-loosening performance is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fastener manufacturing, and relates to a gasket combined anti-loosening nut and an anti-loosening bolt. Background Art

[0002] The combination of bolts and nuts is a common fastening connection method, which is widely used in the fields of transportation, machinery manufacturing, construction engineering, etc. Long-term high-frequency vibration is common in the above fields. However, the threaded fastening structure of existing bolts and nuts has limited tolerance to high-frequency vibration. After long-term use, the bolts and nuts are loosened or even fall off frequently. If manual maintenance is not timely, it is easy to cause major accidents. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a bolt and nut structure that can effectively cope with high-frequency vibration and will not loosen for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a gasket-assembled anti-loosening nut and an anti-loosening bolt.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A gasket combination anti-loosening nut, comprising a rotating part and a gasket part respectively penetrated on a bolt, wherein one axial end of the rotating part is relatively matched and connected with one axial end of the gasket part to form a circumferential abutment, and the other axial end of the gasket part forms a contact surface for contacting a target surface, and in the screwing-out direction of the rotating part along the bolt, the rotating part and the gasket part form an axial abutment force; and further comprising a combined bushing, two ends of which are respectively penetrated on the rotating part and the gasket part, and the combined bushing is coaxially arranged with the rotating part and the gasket part.

[0006] Furthermore, one axial end of the rotating portion and one axial end of the gasket portion are both arranged as rotating surfaces inclined and distributed along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves are arranged in an annular array on the rotating surfaces.

[0007] Furthermore, one axial end of the rotating portion and one axial end of the gasket portion are both configured as ratchet surfaces, and the ratchet surfaces include a plurality of ratchet teeth distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the combined bushing is an annular structure, and the rotating portion and the gasket portion are respectively provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove in the axial direction, and the outer periphery of the combined bushing is respectively fitted with the inner periphery of the first annular groove and the inner periphery of the second annular groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a flange is protruding from the outer periphery of the combined bushing, and a clamping groove for clamping the flange is provided on the inner periphery of the first annular groove or the second annular groove.

[0010] Furthermore, a second drainage groove is provided on the contact surface, and the second drainage groove forms openings at the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the contact surface respectively.

[0011] A gasket-combined anti-loosening bolt comprises a head, a screw portion, a self-tightening gasket and the above-mentioned anti-loosening nut, wherein the anti-loosening nut is threadedly connected to the screw portion; two ends of the self-tightening gasket are in contact with the head and a target surface respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, one axial end of the head and one axial end of the self-tightening gasket are both arranged as anti-loosening surfaces, a plurality of helical teeth are arranged circumferentially on the anti-loosening surfaces, and the helical teeth of the head and the helical teeth of the self-tightening gasket are relatively matched and connected.

[0013] Furthermore, in the direction of the anti-loosening bolt being screwed out toward the target surface, the oblique teeth of the head and the oblique teeth of the self-tightening gasket form an axial abutting force.

[0014] Furthermore, a first drainage groove is provided on the bottom surface of the self-tightening gasket, and the first drainage groove forms openings on the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the self-tightening gasket respectively.

[0015] In summary, the present invention is beneficial in that:

[0016] The present invention adopts an abutment matching structure of the axial ends of the rotating part and the gasket part, and the contact locking between the other end of the gasket part and the target surface is matched. When loose, an axial abutment force will be generated to strengthen the friction between the gasket part and the target surface, thereby forming an effective anti-loosening effect. At the same time, a combined bushing is arranged to provide support for the rotating part and the gasket part, forming effective radial vibration absorption, and also providing coaxiality maintenance, keeping the two shaft ends accurately abutting each other, forming effective axial vibration absorption, so that the bolt and nut structure has high-strength high-frequency vibration tolerance and enhanced anti-loosening performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-loosening nut of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB direction.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local cross-section structure.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of C in the figure.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a locking nut in another embodiment.

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the nut and bolt assembly structure of the present invention

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the nut and bolt combination structure in another embodiment.

[0025] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 or Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-loosening bolt.

[0026] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure in a certain usage state.

[0027] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0028] Markings in the figure: 11, main nut; 12, auxiliary nut; 121, locking washer; 122, second sewage groove; 13, rotating surface; 131, wedge groove; 14, combined bushing; 141, first annular groove; 142, second annular groove; 21, head; 22, screw part; 23, self-tightening washer; 231, first sewage groove; 24, oblique teeth; 31, single nut; 32, thin washer; 33, ratchet surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0030] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0031] All directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, horizontal, vertical...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0032] Due to installation errors and other reasons, the parallel relationship referred to in the embodiments of the present invention may actually be an approximately parallel relationship, and the vertical relationship may actually be an approximately vertical relationship.

[0033] The present invention provides a gasket-assembled anti-loosening bolt, which is applied to use scenarios with large loads and long-term high-frequency vibrations in transportation, machinery manufacturing, construction engineering, etc., so that the corresponding connection structure has high-strength anti-loosening performance.

[0034] Reference Figure 7 The anti-loosening bolt includes a head 21, a screw portion 22, and a self-tightening washer 23 penetrated through the screw portion 22. The self-tightening washer 23 is penetrated along the axial direction of the screw portion 22. When the anti-loosening bolt is installed to the target position, the axial end faces of the self-tightening washer 23 respectively abut against the axial end face of the head 21 and the target surface.

[0035] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The axial end face of the head 21 and the axial end face of the self-tightening gasket 23 in the opposite direction are respectively provided with anti-loosening surfaces, and the anti-loosening surfaces include a plurality of bevel teeth 24 distributed in an annular array along the outer periphery of the screw portion 22, and a single bevel tooth 24 has a set inclination, wherein the distribution direction of the bevel teeth 24 on the axial end face of the head 21 is opposite to the distribution direction of the bevel teeth 24 on the self-tightening gasket 23, that is, one is arranged clockwise and the other is arranged counterclockwise, so that when the axial end face of the self-tightening gasket 23 abuts against the axial end face of the head 21, the two anti-loosening surfaces form a meshing.

[0036] In the distribution direction of the helical teeth 24, the low end and the high end of the helical teeth 24 in the inclined direction respectively form ridges and grooves with the other two adjacent helical teeth 24. When the two anti-loosening surfaces are engaged, the ridges and the grooves are matched in sequence.

[0037] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the direction from the perspective of , the anti-loosening bolt is rotated clockwise and installed into the target position, wherein the bevel teeth 24 of the anti-loosening surface of the head 21 are distributed in the clockwise direction, and the bevel teeth 24 of the anti-loosening surface of the self-tightening gasket 23 are distributed in the counterclockwise direction. In the clockwise rotation direction of the head 21, the ridges and grooves on the two anti-loosening surfaces form a circumferential counteracting force, so that the rotation of the head 21 can synchronously drive the rotation of the self-tightening gasket 23, that is, in the clockwise rotation direction of screwing in, the head 21 and the self-tightening gasket 23 move as a whole.

[0038] When the anti-loosening bolt is fully tightened and installed in the target position, the head 21 presses the self-tightening gasket 23 against the surface of the target position, and the bottom surface of the self-tightening gasket 23 forms a friction force of a certain strength with the surface of the target position. The inclined surfaces of the helical teeth 24 on the two anti-loosening surfaces are relatively fitted together. At this time, when the bolt tends to rotate counterclockwise and loosen under the influence of factors such as large load and high-frequency vibration, the rotation trend of the head 21 relative to the self-tightening gasket 23 strengthens the abutment force of the inclined surface of the helical teeth 24 of the head 21 on the inclined surface of the helical teeth 24 of the self-tightening gasket 23, and generates an axial abutment force, so that the head 21 generates a downward pushing force on the self-tightening gasket 23, so as to increase the abutment force between the self-tightening gasket 23 and the surface of the target position, thereby enhancing the friction between each other, so as to counteract the rotational circumferential force of the head 21 and the screw portion 22, and effectively prevent the anti-loosening bolt from rotating and loosening.

[0039] Furthermore, a plurality of first drain grooves 231 are provided on the bottom surface of the self-tightening gasket 23. The first drain grooves 231 are arranged along the radial direction of the self-tightening gasket 23, and the two ends of the first drain grooves 231 are respectively connected to the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the self-tightening gasket 23 to form openings on both sides. Under the setting of the first drain grooves 231, during the installation of the anti-loosening bolts to the target position, impurities such as oil, debris, etc. between the bottom surface of the self-tightening gasket 23 and the surface of the target position will gradually squeeze into the first drain grooves 231 during the rotation of the self-tightening gasket 23, so as to ensure that the bottom surface of the self-tightening gasket 23 and the surface of the target position are fully abutted and fit to ensure relative friction. In addition, the setting of the first drain grooves 231 also increases the relative friction to a certain extent.

[0040] The present invention also provides a gasket-combined anti-loosening nut, which is used to be set on a common bolt, or, to be set on the anti-loosening bolt described in the above embodiment, to form a high-strength anti-loosening performance of the connection structure, referring to Figure 6 shown.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 The anti-loosening nut includes a main nut 11 and a secondary nut 12. The main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12 are coaxially spliced ​​to form a whole anti-loosening nut. One axial end of the secondary nut 12 abuts against the main nut 11, and the other end is formed with a locking washer 121 for abutting against the surface of the target position.

[0042] Reference Figure 2The axial end faces on both sides where the main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12 abut are both set as rotating surfaces 13. The rotating surfaces 13 have a set slope along the circumferential direction of the anti-loosening nut, and a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves 131 are set on the rotating surface 13 in a circumferential annular array. The two sides of the wedge-shaped grooves 131 are respectively the low end and the high end of the rotating surface 13. The structure and size of the rotating surface 13 of the main nut 11 are the same as those of the rotating surface 13 of the secondary nut 12. When the main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12 are arranged relative to each other, the rotation directions are opposite, that is, the array directions of the wedge-shaped grooves 131 are opposite, so that when the main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12 are combined, the two rotating surfaces 13 are relatively abutted and fitted, and the wedge-shaped grooves 131 on the two rotating surfaces 13 are relative and abut against each other in the circumferential direction.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 From the perspective of the direction, the anti-loosening nut is rotated along the bolt in a clockwise direction until it is tightly installed in the target position, wherein the rotation surface 13 of the main nut 11 is distributed in a clockwise direction from the low end to the high end, and the rotation surface 13 of the secondary nut 12 is distributed in a counterclockwise direction from the low end to the high end. In the clockwise rotation direction of the main nut 11, the wedge-shaped grooves 131 on the two rotation surfaces 13 form a circumferential counteracting force, so that the rotation of the main nut 11 can synchronously drive the rotation of the secondary nut 12, that is, in the clockwise rotation direction, the main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12 rotate as one.

[0044] When the main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12 are fully tightened and installed to the target position, the locking washer 121 is pressed against the surface of the target position to form a certain strength of friction, and the two rotating surfaces 13 are relatively fitted. At this time, under the influence of factors such as large load and high-frequency vibration, when the main nut 11 tends to rotate counterclockwise to loosen, the rotation trend of the main nut 11 relative to the secondary nut 12 strengthens the abutment force of the rotating surface 13 of the main nut 11 on the rotating surface 13 of the secondary nut 12, and generates an axial abutment force, which makes the main nut 11 against the secondary The nut 12 generates a downward pushing force to increase the contact force between the abutting surface of the secondary nut 12 and the surface of the target position, thereby enhancing the friction between them. At the same time, in another direction, the secondary nut 12 generates an upward reaction force on the main nut 11 to make the main nut 11 move slightly along the axial direction. The contact force between the helical surface 13 of the main nut 11 and the helical surface 13 of the bolt increases, thereby enhancing the friction between them. The combined friction force enhancement effectively counteracts the rotational circumferential force of the main nut 11, preventing the anti-loosening nut and the bolt from rotating and loosening.

[0045] In order to maintain the coaxiality of the main nut 11 and the auxiliary nut 12 to ensure the fit between the rotation surface 13 of the main nut 11 and the end surface of the auxiliary nut 12, thereby ensuring the anti-loosening performance, a combined bushing 14 is also provided in this embodiment.

[0046] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 A first annular groove 141 and a second annular groove 142 are respectively axially provided on the two axial end faces opposite to each other of the main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12. The combined bushing 14 is an annular structure. The combined bushing 14 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the bolt, and the axial ends of the combined bushing 14 are respectively inserted into the first annular groove 141 and the second annular groove 142. By setting the size, the inner circumferential wall of the first annular groove 141 is fitted with the outer circumferential wall of the combined bushing 14, and the inner circumferential wall of the second annular groove 142 is fitted with the outer circumferential wall of the combined bushing 14. The main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12 are limited by the combined bushing 14. While ensuring the installation coaxiality of the main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12, the axial deviation of the main nut 11 and the secondary nut 12 under conditions of large load, high-frequency vibration, etc. is further avoided.

[0047] Furthermore, a flange is protruding from the outer periphery of the combination bushing 14, and a groove for the flange to be snapped into is provided on the inner periphery of the first annular groove 141 or the second annular groove 142, so that the combination bushing 14 can be pre-installed into the main nut 11 or the secondary nut 12, so that the combination bushing 14 is positioned on the main nut 11 or the secondary nut 12 before screwing in, and when the anti-loosening nut is set on the bolt from bottom to top, the misalignment or falling off of the combination bushing 14 during the installation process can be effectively avoided.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 A plurality of second drainage grooves 122 are also provided on the bottom surface of the locking washer 121. The second drainage grooves 122 are arranged along the radial direction of the locking washer 121, and the two ends of the second drainage grooves 122 are respectively connected to the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the locking washer 121 to form openings on both sides. Under the setting of the second drainage grooves 122, during the installation of the anti-loosening nut to the target position, impurities such as oil, debris, etc. between the bottom surface of the locking washer 121 and the surface of the target position will gradually squeeze into the second drainage grooves 122 during the rotation of the locking washer 121, so as to ensure that the bottom surface of the locking washer 121 and the surface of the target position are fully abutted and fitted to ensure relative friction, and the setting of the second drainage grooves 122 also increases the relative friction to a certain extent.

[0049] In another embodiment, the anti-loosening nut can also be similar to the anti-loosening bolt structure described above, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, it includes a single nut 31 and a thin gasket 32. Both the single nut 31 and the thin gasket 32 ​​are provided with a ratchet surface 33. The ratchet surface 33 is evenly provided with a plurality of ratchets along the circumferential direction. The ratchet has an inclined surface and a folded angle. The ratchet surface 33 of the nut part and the ratchet surface 33 of the thin gasket 32 ​​are relatively matched and arranged, and the circumferential distribution directions of the ratchets on the two ratchet surfaces 33 are opposite. In the tightening direction of the single nut 31, the ratchets are abutted against each other through the folded angles to form a circumferential abutment force, so that the single nut 31 and the thin gasket 32 ​​are screwed in synchronously, and the other end of the thin gasket 32 ​​contacts the surface of the target position to form a friction force. In the loosening direction of the single nut 31, the ratchets are abutted against each other through the inclined surfaces to form a partial axial abutment force, thereby increasing the abutment force between the thin gasket 32 ​​and the target surface, increasing the friction force, and playing an anti-loosening effect on the single nut 31.

[0050] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasket-combined anti-loosening nut, characterized in that: It comprises a rotating part and a gasket part respectively passed through the bolt, wherein one axial end of the rotating part is relatively matched with one axial end of the gasket part to form a circumferential abutment, and the other axial end of the gasket part forms a contact surface for contacting a target surface, and in the direction of the rotating part screwing out the bolt, the rotating part and the gasket part form an axial abutment force; it also comprises a combined bushing (14), the two ends of the combined bushing (14) are respectively passed through the rotating part and the gasket part, and the combined bushing (14) is coaxially arranged with the rotating part and the gasket part.

2. A washer-assembled anti-loosening nut according to claim 1, characterized in that: One axial end of the rotating part and one axial end of the gasket part are both arranged as rotating surfaces (13) distributed obliquely along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves (131) are arranged in an annular array on the rotating surface (13).

3. The washer-assembled anti-loosening nut according to claim 1, characterized in that: One axial end of the rotating part and one axial end of the gasket part are both arranged as ratchet surfaces (33), and the ratchet surfaces (33) include a plurality of ratchet teeth distributed along the circumferential direction.

4. The washer-assembled anti-loosening nut according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined bushing (14) is an annular structure, and a first annular groove (141) and a second annular groove (142) are respectively axially provided on the rotating portion and the gasket portion, and the outer periphery of the combined bushing (14) is respectively fitted with the inner periphery of the first annular groove (141) and the inner periphery of the second annular groove (142).

5. A washer-assembled anti-loosening nut according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the combined bushing (14) is provided with a flange protruding therefrom, and the inner periphery of the first annular groove (141) or the second annular groove (142) is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the flange.

6. The washer-assembled anti-loosening nut according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second drainage groove (122) is provided on the contact surface, and the second drainage groove (122) forms openings at the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the contact surface respectively.

7. A gasket-combined anti-loosening bolt, characterized in that: It comprises a head (21), a screw portion (22), a self-tightening gasket (23) and a locking nut according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the locking nut is threadedly connected to the screw portion (22); and the two ends of the self-tightening gasket (23) are in contact with the head (21) and the target surface respectively.

8. A gasket-assembled anti-loosening bolt according to claim 7, characterized in that: One axial end of the head (21) and one axial end of the self-tightening gasket (23) are both arranged as anti-loosening surfaces, and a plurality of oblique teeth (24) are arranged circumferentially on the anti-loosening surfaces. The oblique teeth (24) of the head (21) and the oblique teeth (24) of the self-tightening gasket (23) are relatively matched and connected.

9. A gasket-assembled anti-loosening bolt according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the direction of the anti-loosening bolt being screwed out toward the target surface, the oblique teeth (24) of the head (21) and the oblique teeth (24) of the self-tightening gasket (23) form an axial abutting force.

10. The gasket-assembled anti-loosening bolt according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first drainage groove (231) is provided on the bottom surface of the self-tightening gasket (23), and the first drainage groove (231) forms openings on the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the self-tightening gasket (23), respectively.

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