Damp-heat-resistant insulating material, preparation method thereof and environment-friendly electric wire

Abstract

The invention provides a damp-heat-resistant insulating material, a preparation method thereof and an environment-friendly electric wire, and the damp-heat-resistant insulating material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of EVA (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) resin; 10 to 30 parts of linear low density polyethylene; 10 to 20 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer; 10 to 20 parts of a compatilizer; 152 to 208 parts of a modified flame retardant; 5-10 parts of an auxiliary agent; 5-8 parts of an anti-termite master batch; the modified flame retardant is a flame retardant treated by an amino silane coupling agent, a vinyl silane coupling agent and a polysiloxane coupling agent. The insulating material provided by the invention can resist the temperature of-40 DEG C to 105 DEG C, has excellent humidity and heat resistance and oxidation resistance, and also has the properties of flame retardance, fire resistance, termite resistance, ultraviolet resistance, environmental protection and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electric wires and relates to a moisture-heat resistant insulating material and a preparation method thereof and an environmentally friendly electric wire. Background Art

[0002] Environmentally friendly wires are widely used around the world, and are widely used in residential, transportation, commercial buildings, and industrial control fields. However, for countries with specific climates, such as Southeast Asian countries, the land area is tropical monsoon and tropical rainforest climates, with high annual average temperatures and large annual rainfall. The environment is mostly hot and humid, with more insects and ants. Long-term high temperature and high humidity environments will greatly accelerate the aging of wires. Therefore, in order to be better used in high temperature and high humidity environments, wires need to have the following properties: (1) Considering the service life and installation environment, the temperature range is: -40℃~105℃; (2) Considering the fire safety of buildings and public buildings, wires have flame retardant and fire resistance; (3) For long-term use in high temperature and high humidity environments, wire materials must have good antioxidant properties and good moisture and heat resistance; (4) For special areas such as Southeast Asian countries, anti-ant and UV protection properties are added to better adapt to regional characteristics; (5) Environmental protection requirements.

[0003] However, the existing conventional PVC insulated wires have an operating temperature range of -20°C to 70°C and are not resistant to moisture and heat; they cannot meet the use requirements in high temperature and high humidity areas.

[0004] Therefore, in the art, it is desired to develop an insulating material that can meet the above requirements. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a moisture-heat resistant insulating material and a preparation method thereof and an environmentally friendly electric wire.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a moisture-heat resistant insulating material, wherein the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material include the following components in parts by weight:

[0008]

[0009] The modified flame retardant is a flame retardant treated with an aminosilane coupling agent, a vinylsilane coupling agent and a polysiloxane coupling agent.

[0010] The insulating material provided by the present invention introduces modified flame retardants, additives, and termite-proof masterbatches on the basis of EVA resin, linear low-density polyethylene, and EPDM rubber, so that the insulating material can withstand temperatures of -40°C to 105°C, has excellent moisture and heat resistance and antioxidant properties, and also has flame retardancy, fire resistance, ant resistance, UV protection, and environmental protection properties.

[0011] In the present invention, the flame retardant is treated with aminosilane coupling agent, vinyl silane coupling agent and polysiloxane coupling agent to obtain a flame retardant coated with three layers of silane coupling agent, so that the modified flame retardant has excellent insulation, water resistance and dispersibility. First, aminosilane (Jinan Jinlu Chemical KH-550) is used for surface coating treatment, and aminosilane can significantly improve the volume resistivity of the material, ensuring that the material has excellent electrical insulation performance, and then vinyl silane (Degussa A-172) is used for surface coating treatment, and vinyl silane A-172 can significantly improve the water resistance of the material, change the material from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, improve the material's long-term immersion performance and wet heat aging resistance, ensure that the material's insulation performance is not affected by water and temperature, and ensure that the material's insulation performance is long-term qualified and stable; the addition of polysiloxane coupling agent (Dow Corning 11-100) can further enhance the material's waterproofness, and at the same time has a good dispersing effect on the flame retardant, so that the modified flame retardant is evenly distributed in the polymer matrix.

[0012] In the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material are calculated by weight, and the amount of EVA resin used can be 50 parts, 52 parts, 54 parts, 56 parts, 58 parts, 60 parts, 62 parts, 64 parts, 66 parts, 68 parts, 70 parts, etc.

[0013] In the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material are calculated by weight, and the amount of linear low-density polyethylene used can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, etc.

[0014] In the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material are calculated by weight, and the amount of EPDM rubber used can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, etc.

[0015] In the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material are calculated by weight, and the amount of the compatibilizer used can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, etc.

[0016] In the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material are calculated by weight, and the amount of the modified flame retardant used can be 152 parts, 155 parts, 160 parts, 165 parts, 170 parts, 175 parts, 180 parts, 185 parts, 190 parts, 200 parts, 205 parts, 208 parts, etc.

[0017] In the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material are calculated by weight, and the amount of the auxiliary agent used can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, etc.

[0018] In the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material are calculated by weight, and the amount of the anti-termite masterbatch can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, etc.

[0019] Preferably, the flame retardant comprises a combination of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and a nano flame retardant synergist.

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of the magnesium hydroxide to the aluminum hydroxide is 1:(2-4), such as 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, etc.

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of the total mass of the magnesium hydroxide and the aluminum hydroxide to the nano flame retardant synergist is (25-75):1, and 25-75 can be, for example, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, etc.

[0022] Preferably, the modified flame retardant is prepared by the following method:

[0023] The flame retardant and the aminosilane coupling agent are mixed, and then the vinylsilane coupling agent is added and mixed, and then the polysiloxane coupling agent is added to obtain the modified flame retardant.

[0024] Preferably, the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the aminosilane coupling agent is (200-260):1, and 200-260 can be, for example, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, etc.

[0025] Preferably, the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the vinyl silane coupling agent is (200-260):1, and 200-260 can be, for example, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, etc.

[0026] Preferably, the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the polysiloxane coupling agent is (400-520):1, and 400-520 can be, for example, 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 460, 470, 480, 490, 500, 510, 520, etc.

[0027] Preferably, the mixing is carried out in a high mixer.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the modified flame retardant is prepared by the following method:

[0029] The modified flame retardant is obtained by mixing magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, a nano flame retardant synergist and an aminosilane coupling agent, then adding a vinyl silane coupling agent and mixing the mixture, and then adding a polysiloxane coupling agent.

[0030] Preferably, the magnesium hydroxide may be Aitek 12FD.

[0031] Preferably, the aluminum hydroxide may be Zhongchao AH-01.

[0032] Preferably, the nano flame retardant synergist may be NAROMER I.44P, which improves the encapsulation performance of the material and reduces the heat release rate of the material.

[0033] Preferably, the VA content of the EVA resin is 25%-30%, such as 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, etc. The EVA resin may be Formosa Plastics 7470, which is cheap, has excellent powder filling capacity and good electrical insulation performance.

[0034] Preferably, the linear low-density polyethylene may be Exxon 3518, which can improve processability and increase the tensile strength of the material.

[0035] Preferably, the EPDM rubber may be DOW 4725P, which can improve the elongation at break of the material on the one hand, and make the material easier to cross-link and improve the degree of cross-linking on the other hand.

[0036] Preferably, the compatibilizer comprises maleic anhydride grafts.

[0037] Preferably, the compatibilizer may be JCP1000, which increases the material interface bonding strength and optimizes the bonding between the filler and the polymer gold.

[0038] Preferably, the auxiliary agent includes any one or a combination of at least two of an antioxidant, an ultraviolet light absorber, a light stabilizer, an anti-copper agent, benzotriazole, a lubricant, and a cross-linking sensitizer.

[0039] Preferably, the antioxidant includes antioxidant 1010 and / or antioxidant DLTP.

[0040] Preferably, the ultraviolet light absorber includes BASF UV329.

[0041] Preferably, the light stabilizer includes BASF 944.

[0042] Preferably, the copper resist comprises BASF 1024.

[0043] Preferably, the lubricant includes an internal lubricant and an external lubricant.

[0044] Preferably, the internal lubricant comprises silicone masterbatch and / or PE wax.

[0045] Preferably, the external lubricant comprises stearic acid.

[0046] Preferably, the cross-linking sensitizer may be Hunan Minhe TMPTMA.

[0047] Preferably, the anti-termite masterbatch can be purchased from Qingdao Xianghe Weiye.

[0048] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material as described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0049] The formulated amount of EVA resin, linear low-density polyethylene, EPDM rubber, compatibilizer, modified flame retardant, additives and anti-termite masterbatch are added into an internal mixer for mixing and forming, and then the material is discharged, sheared, extruded and granulated to obtain the moisture-heat resistant insulating material.

[0050] Preferably, the mixing time is more than 600 s, such as 620 s, 650 s, 680 s, 700 s, etc.

[0051] Preferably, the temperature of the discharge material is controlled at 160±5°C, for example, 155°C, 158°C, 160°C, 163°C, 165°C, etc.

[0052] Preferably, the shearing is performed in a twin-screw extruder, and the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is controlled at 100°C-120°C, such as 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, etc.

[0053] Preferably, the extrusion granulation is carried out in a single screw extruder, and the temperature of the single screw extruder is controlled at 100°C-130°C, for example, 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, etc.

[0054] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly electric wire, which includes the moisture-heat resistant insulating material as described in the first aspect.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] The insulating material provided by the present invention introduces modified flame retardants, additives, and termite-proof masterbatches on the basis of EVA resin, linear low-density polyethylene, and EPDM rubber, so that the insulating material can withstand temperatures of -40°C to 105°C, has excellent moisture and heat resistance and antioxidant properties, and also has flame retardancy, fire resistance, ant resistance, UV protection, and environmental protection properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the environmentally friendly electric wire provided by the present invention;

[0058] Among them, 1. Class 2 copper conductors; 2. Mica tape; 3. Insulating materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by specific implementation methods. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0060] Preparation Example 1

[0061] In this preparation example, a modified flame retardant is provided, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0062] Magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, a nano flame retardant synergist, and an aminosilane coupling agent are placed in a high mixer and mixed and stirred evenly, and then a vinyl silane coupling agent is added, mixed and stirred evenly, and then a polysiloxane coupling agent is added and stirred evenly to obtain the modified flame retardant;

[0063] The specific selection or brand and dosage (parts by weight) of each raw material are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Preparation Example 2-3

[0065] The only difference between Preparation Example 2-3 and Preparation Example 1 is that the amounts of each raw material used are different, as shown in Table 1.

[0066] Table 1

[0067] raw material Brand Preparation Example 1 Preparation Example 2 Preparation Example 3 Magnesium hydroxide Aitek 12FD 40 45 50 Aluminum hydroxide Chinese Super League AH-01 120 135 150 Nano flame retardant synergist NAROMER I.44P 4 6 8 Aminosilane coupling agent Jinan Jinlu Chemical KH-550 0.8 0.8 0.8 Vinyl silane coupling agent Degussa A-172 0.8 0.8 0.8 Polysiloxane coupling agent Dow Corning 11-100 0.4 0.4 0.4

[0068] Comparative Preparation Example 1

[0069] The only difference between this comparative preparation example and preparation example 1 is that no aminosilane coupling agent is added.

[0070] Comparative Preparation Example 2

[0071] The only difference between this comparative preparation example and preparation example 1 is that no vinyl silane coupling agent is added.

[0072] Comparative Preparation Example 3

[0073] The only difference between this comparative preparation example and preparation example 1 is that no polysiloxane coupling agent is added.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] In this embodiment, a moisture-heat resistant insulating material is provided. The specific selection or brand and dosage (weight parts) of the raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material are shown in Table 2.

[0076] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0077] According to the formula in Table 2, each raw material was added into an internal mixer for mixing and forming, the mixing time was 650 seconds, the material was discharged at 160° C., and then sheared by a twin-screw extruder and extruded and granulated by a single-screw extruder to obtain the moisture-heat resistant insulating material;

[0078] Among them, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is controlled at 110°C, and the temperature of the single-screw extruder is controlled at 120°C.

[0079] Examples 2-5, Comparative Examples 1-3

[0080] The only difference between Examples 2-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 and Example 1 is that the amounts of the raw materials used are different, as shown in Table 2.

[0081] Table 2

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] The insulation materials provided in the embodiments and comparative examples were tested for performance, and the testing method was as follows:

[0085] (1) Insulation aging performance: Tested in accordance with GB / T2951.12-2008, 135°C*168h, the change rate of insulation tensile strength and elongation at break shall not exceed 30%;

[0086] (2) Thermal elongation performance: tested in accordance with GB / T2951.21-2008, 200°C*15 min, maximum elongation under load is 100%, and maximum permanent elongation after cooling is 15%.

[0087] The insulating materials provided in the embodiment and the comparative example are respectively prepared into environmentally friendly wires, which include two types of copper conductors, mica tapes (purchased from Hubei Ping An Electrical Materials Co., Ltd.), and the insulating materials provided by the present invention. The schematic diagram of the structure is shown in FIG. Figure 1 The parameters are shown in the following table:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, the 2 types of copper conductors are prepared by the following processes:

[0090] The copper wire billet Φ8.0 (purchased from Nanjing Huaxin Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd.) is processed into Φ3.0 copper wire through a large drawing machine, and then processed into Φ0.52-Φ0.56 wire 7 rolls through a fine drawing machine, and then twisted into the required conductor 1.5mm 2 (7 / 0.52mm).

[0091] The environmentally friendly wires are tested as follows:

[0092] (1) High flame retardant performance: Tested in accordance with GB / T 19666-2019, the cable undergoes a Class A combustion test, and the carbonization height does not exceed 2.5m;

[0093] (2) Low temperature resistance: Tested in accordance with GB / T2951.14-2008. The test temperature for low temperature resistance is -40°C. Under -40°C conditions, the insulation does not crack after bending at low temperature.

[0094] (3) Fire resistance: Tested in accordance with GB / T 19666-2019, with the test temperature increased to 950°C and the test time increased to 3h;

[0095] (4) Anti-ant performance: tested in accordance with JB / T 10696.9-2011, the anti-ant performance is achieved by the group method, and the grade reaches level 2 or above;

[0096] (5) Anti-ultraviolet performance: The test method and test conditions shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A of GB / T 12527-2008; the change rate of insulation tensile strength and elongation at break after artificial weathering shall not exceed 25%.

[0097] (6) Moisture and heat resistance: The test shall be carried out in accordance with GB / T 2423.3-2016. The test temperature shall be (90±2)℃, the relative humidity shall be (90±3)%, and the test time shall be 1000h. The change rate of the tensile strength of the insulation shall not be greater than ±30%, and the change rate of the elongation at break shall not be greater than ±30%.

[0098] The performance test results are shown in Table 3.

[0099] Table 3

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] It can be seen from Table 3 that the insulating material provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good anti-aging performance, and the wire prepared therefrom has good moisture and heat resistance, flame retardancy, low and high temperature resistance, and UV resistance.

[0103] Compared with Example 1, the anti-aging properties of the insulating materials provided by Comparative Examples 1-3 are significantly reduced, and the moisture and heat resistance of the wires prepared therefrom are significantly reduced.

[0104] The applicant declares that the present invention uses the above-mentioned embodiments to illustrate the moisture-heat resistant insulating material and its preparation method and environmentally friendly wire of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the raw materials selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A moisture and heat resistant insulating material, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the moisture-heat resistant insulating material include the following components in parts by weight: The modified flame retardant is a flame retardant treated with an aminosilane coupling agent, a vinylsilane coupling agent and a polysiloxane coupling agent.

2. The moisture-heat resistant insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant comprises a combination of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and a nano flame retardant synergist; Preferably, the mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide to aluminum hydroxide is 1:(2-4); Preferably, the mass ratio of the total mass of the magnesium hydroxide and the aluminum hydroxide to the nano flame retardant synergist is (25-75):

1.

3. The moisture-heat resistant insulating material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The modified flame retardant is prepared by the following method: Mixing a flame retardant and an aminosilane coupling agent, then adding a vinyl silane coupling agent, mixing, and then adding a polysiloxane coupling agent to obtain the modified flame retardant; Preferably, the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the aminosilane coupling agent is (200-260):1; Preferably, the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the vinyl silane coupling agent is (200-260):1; Preferably, the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the polysiloxane coupling agent is (400-520):1; Preferably, the mixing is carried out in a high mixer.

4. The moisture-heat resistant insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The modified flame retardant is prepared by the following method: The modified flame retardant is obtained by mixing magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, a nano flame retardant synergist and an aminosilane coupling agent, then adding a vinyl silane coupling agent and mixing the mixture, and then adding a polysiloxane coupling agent.

5. The moisture-heat resistant insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The VA content of the EVA resin is 25%-30%; Preferably, the compatibilizer comprises maleic anhydride grafts.

6. The moisture-heat resistant insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary agent includes any one of an antioxidant, an ultraviolet light absorber, a light stabilizer, an anti-copper agent, benzotriazole, a lubricant, and a cross-linking sensitizer, or a combination of at least two of them.

7. The moisture-heat resistant insulating material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The antioxidant includes antioxidant 1010 and / or antioxidant DLTP; Preferably, the ultraviolet light absorber includes UV329; Preferably, the light stabilizer includes BASF 944; Preferably, the anti-copper agent includes BASF 1024; Preferably, the lubricant includes an internal lubricant and an external lubricant; Preferably, the internal lubricant comprises silicone masterbatch and / or PE wax; Preferably, the external lubricant comprises stearic acid.

8. A method for preparing a moisture-heat resistant insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: The formulated amount of EVA resin, linear low-density polyethylene, EPDM rubber, compatibilizer, modified flame retardant, additives and anti-termite masterbatch are added into an internal mixer for mixing and forming, and then the material is discharged, sheared, extruded and granulated to obtain the moisture-heat resistant insulating material.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mixing time exceeds 600s; Preferably, the temperature of the discharge material is controlled at 160±5°C; Preferably, the shearing is carried out in a twin-screw extruder, and the temperature of the twin-screw extruder is controlled at 100° C.-120° C.; Preferably, the extrusion granulation is carried out in a single-screw extruder, and the temperature of the single-screw extruder is controlled at 100°C-130°C.

10. An environmentally friendly electric wire, characterized in that: The environmentally friendly electric wire comprises the moisture and heat resistant insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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