The invention discloses an environmentally-friendly barium-free thixotropic antirust oil, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: antirusting agent 4.0-25.0, thixotropic agent 0.1-5.0, antioxidant 0.1-3.0 and base oil 72.0-94.0. The preparation method of the environmentally-friendly barium-free thixotropic antirust oil comprises: firstly, adding the base oil into a reaction kettle, stirring the base oil, heating the base oil to 110 to 120 DEG C, adding the antirusting agent, stirring the mixture for continuous dehydration for 1 hour, and cooling the mixture to 50 to 60 DEG C; and secondly, adding the antioxidant, stirring the mixture for 3 hours at a constant temperature of 50 to 60 DEG C, adding the thixotropic agent, stirring the mixture for1 hour at 50 to 60 DEG C, cooling the resulting product to 40 DEG C, filtering the resulting product and discharging the resulting product. For obtaining antirust oil films that are insusceptible toflow and free from heavy metal barium, the antirust oil selects a proper barium-free corrosion inhibiter to ensure excellent antirust performance besides the thixotropic agent added for quickly forming stable oil films of antirust oil.