The invention discloses a high-abrasion-resistance, halogen-free and flame-retardant insulation material for a thin-wall locomotive cable. The high-abrasion-resistance, halogen-free and flame-retardant insulation material is prepared from, by weight, 10-13 parts of water magnesium powder, 3.2-4 parts of polyphosphoric acid, 0.9-1.4 parts of lauryl amine, 6-8 parts of tin-bismuth alloy powder, 26-33 parts of polypropylene, 14-16 parts of carbon fibers, 17-23 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 0.2-0.4 part of an antioxidant 1010, 4.6-5 parts of antimonous oxide, 0.2-0.4 part of aluminum stearate, 43-50 parts of polyamide 6, a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, a proper amount of xylene and a proper amount of deionized water. The high-abrasion-resistance, halogen-free and flame-retardant insulation material has the advantages of being prominent in abrasion resistance, high in mechanical strength, excellent in flame retardant property, low in smoke, nontoxic, good in insulation performance and the like, and is simple in production process, wide in raw material source, low in cost and worthy of popularization.