Cooling structure of gas turbine exhaust tail pipe and cooling method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas cooling, in particular to a cooling structure of a gas turbine tail pipe and a cooling method thereof.The cooling structure is arranged on the gas turbine tail pipe and comprises an impeller rotationally installed in the gas turbine tail pipe; the conical part is coaxial with the exhaust tail pipe, and the conical part can guide gas flowing through the exhaust tail pipe and impact the gas on the impeller; the centrifugal assembly is arranged on the exhaust tail pipe and connected with the impeller, a connecting rod is arranged on the centrifugal assembly, and when the flow rate of gas in the exhaust tail pipe is increased, the centrifugal assembly can drive the connecting rod to move towards the exhaust tail pipe; the annular feeding assembly penetrates through the exhaust tail pipe and extends into the exhaust tail pipe, and the annular feeding assembly can convey the low-temperature gas into the exhaust tail pipe; and the adjusting mechanism comprises a follow-up rotating assembly and an adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly can change the conduction amount of the annular feeding assembly, the follow-up rotating assembly can move along with the connecting rod to drive the adjusting assembly to move, and the cooling effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas cooling, in particular to a cooling structure of a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe and a cooling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The gas turbine exhaust tail pipe is a pipe installed between the gas turbine exhaust port and the chimney to discharge the exhaust gas and has the functions of cooling and silencing. With the improvement of environmental awareness, the exhaust gas generated by existing gas turbines generally needs to be purified, which requires that the temperature of the exhaust gas after discharge should not be too high.

[0003] However, most of the existing gas turbine exhaust cooling structures still rely on natural air cooling, which has poor cooling effect and unstable cooling effect.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the prior art detects the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe and then delivers low-temperature gas to the exhaust tail pipe according to the detected temperature to exchange heat with the exhaust gas and reduce the exhaust gas temperature. However, in this state, only the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas can be guaranteed to match the temperature of the exhaust gas, but the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas cannot be matched with the flow rate of the exhaust gas. As a result, after the exhaust gas enters the purification device, the temperature is still uneven and the ideal purification temperature cannot be reached. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a cooling structure and a cooling method for a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A cooling structure for an exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine, arranged on the exhaust tail pipe, comprises: An impeller, rotatably mounted in the exhaust tail pipe; A cone member, coaxial with the exhaust tail pipe, the cone member can guide the gas flowing through the exhaust tail pipe and impinge on the impeller; a centrifugal assembly, arranged on the exhaust tail pipe and connected to the impeller, wherein a connecting rod is arranged on the centrifugal assembly, and when the gas flow velocity in the exhaust tail pipe increases, the centrifugal assembly can drive the connecting rod to move toward the exhaust tail pipe; an annular feeding assembly, penetrating the exhaust tail pipe and extending to the interior of the exhaust tail pipe, the annular feeding assembly being capable of conveying low-temperature gas into the exhaust tail pipe; The adjusting mechanism is connected to the connecting rod, and the adjusting mechanism includes a follower rotating component and an adjusting component. The adjusting component can change the conduction amount of the annular feeding component, and the follower rotating component can follow the movement of the connecting rod to drive the movement of the adjusting component.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: a bevel gear set is connected to the rotating shaft of the impeller, and the bevel gear set is connected to a transmission rod rotatably installed through the exhaust tail pipe; The centrifugal assembly comprises a cross rotating frame mounted on the transmission rod, the cross rotating frame is provided with a slide groove, a slider is slidably mounted in the slide groove, and a counterweight block is provided on one side of the slider; The centrifugal assembly further comprises an energy storage kit arranged on the transmission rod, and when the cross rotating frame rotates, the slider can drive the energy storage kit to move toward the cross rotating frame.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the energy storage kit comprises a follower sleeve slidably mounted on the transmission rod, a connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the follower sleeve, and one end of the connecting rod away from the follower sleeve is rotatably connected to the other end of the slider; The transmission rod is also sleeved with a column spring, one end of the column spring is connected to the cross rotating frame, and the other end is connected to the follower sleeve.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: an annular groove is formed on the circumferential surface of the transmission rod, a collar is rotatably sleeved on the annular groove, and the collar is connected to the connecting rod.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the annular feeding assembly includes two groups of parallel annular ducts coaxial with the exhaust tail pipe, and a plurality of nozzles penetrating the exhaust tail pipe and extending into the interior thereof are circumferentially equidistantly arranged on the annular ducts, and an adjusting sleeve is connected to the two groups of the annular ducts, and the adjusting assembly is arranged in the adjusting sleeve and can adjust the conductance of the adjusting sleeve.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the adjustment assembly includes a conducting member and a blocking member arranged in the adjustment sleeve, and the conducting member and the blocking member are formed with fan-shaped through grooves; When the blocking member rotates relative to the conducting member, the fan-shaped through groove on the blocking member can be conducted.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the follower rotating assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the adjusting sleeve, and the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the blocking member through a belt; The follow-up rotating assembly also includes a transverse sleeve slidably sleeved on the rotating shaft and connected to the connecting rod. A spiral groove is provided on the rotating shaft, and a convex shaft formed on the inner wall of the transverse sleeve can slide in the spiral groove.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: another air inlet is connected to the two groups of annular ducts, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the air inlet. A temperature sensor arranged on the side of the exhaust tail pipe communicates with the solenoid valve so that when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe exceeds a preset value, the conduction of the solenoid valve is increased.

[0014] A method for cooling a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe using the cooling structure comprises: When the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust tail pipe, the exhaust gas can hit the blades of the impeller through the guidance of the cone part, thereby driving the impeller to rotate. At this time, the impeller will rotate, and the greater the exhaust gas emission, the faster the impeller rotates. At this time, the impeller can drive the centrifugal component connected to it to move, and drive the connecting rod to move toward the exhaust tail pipe. In this process, the follow-up rotating component can drive the regulating component to increase the conduction of the annular feeding component. At this time, the low-temperature gas can enter the exhaust tail pipe through the annular feeding component and mix with the exhaust gas to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas; As the exhaust gas is discharged, the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe will rise accordingly. At this time, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe exceeds the preset value, the conductance of the solenoid valve can be increased, and the low-temperature gas entering the annular feeding assembly can be further increased, thereby further cooling the exhaust gas.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting the centrifugal assembly, the action amplitude of the regulating mechanism can be actively adjusted according to the rotation speed of the impeller, so that the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas can be automatically matched with the amount of gas flowing through the exhaust tail pipe, thereby achieving a better cooling effect on the exhaust gas and avoiding the excessive temperature of the exhaust gas when it is discharged due to too little low-temperature gas; By means of the provided adjustment mechanism and the annular feeding assembly, the connecting rod can be moved to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby rotating the blocking member, so that the blocking member and the fan-shaped through groove on the conducting member overlap, and at the same time, as the impeller speed changes, the overlapping area of ​​the blocking member and the fan-shaped through groove on the conducting member can be changed, thereby changing the conduction amount of the adjustment sleeve, so that the conduction amount of the adjustment sleeve can be adjusted; By setting up the solenoid valve and temperature sensor, the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas can be further controlled according to the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe. This is coordinated with the control of the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas by the exhaust gas flow rate flowing through the exhaust tail pipe. While ensuring the temperature of the exhaust gas and the exhaust tail pipe, the low-temperature gas delivery amount can be controlled more accurately. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a cooling structure for an exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram from another angle in an embodiment of the cooling structure of the exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine.

[0018] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cooling structure of an exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine after the exhaust tail pipe is removed in one embodiment.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded diagram of the structure.

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center.

[0021] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an annular feeding assembly in one embodiment of a cooling structure for a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe.

[0022] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating mechanism in one embodiment of the cooling structure of the exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine.

[0023] Figure 8 An exploded view of the structure of a centrifugal assembly in one embodiment of a cooling structure for a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe.

[0024] In the figure: 1. exhaust tail pipe; 2. impeller; 3. bevel gear set; 4. cross rotating frame; 401. slide groove; 5. slider; 6. counterweight; 7. connecting rod; 8. follower sleeve; 801. annular groove; 9. cylindrical spring; 10. collar; 11. connecting rod; 12. transverse sleeve; 1201. cam shaft; 13. rotating shaft; 1301. spiral groove; 14. belt; 15. sealing part; 16. conducting part; 17. fan-shaped through groove; 18. transmission rod; 19. adjusting sleeve; 20. annular duct; 21. nozzle; 22. solenoid valve; 23. temperature sensor; 24. cone part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In addition, when an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0027] See also Figure 1 to Figure 8 In an embodiment of the present invention, a cooling structure of a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe is arranged on the exhaust tail pipe 1, and includes: an impeller 2, a cone 24, a centrifugal assembly, an annular feeding assembly, and an adjustment mechanism, so that the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas can be further controlled according to the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe 1. This is coordinated with controlling the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas by the exhaust gas flow rate flowing through the exhaust tail pipe 1. While ensuring the temperature of the exhaust gas and the exhaust tail pipe 1, the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas can be controlled more accurately.

[0028] Specifically, the impeller 2 is rotatably mounted in the exhaust tail pipe 1, a bevel gear set 3 is connected to the rotating shaft of the impeller 2, the bevel gear set 3 is connected to the transmission rod 18 rotatably mounted through the exhaust tail pipe 1, the bevel gear set 3 includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear rotatably mounted in the exhaust tail pipe 1 and meshing with each other, the first bevel gear is connected to the rotating shaft of the impeller 2, and the second bevel gear is connected to the transmission rod 18; The cone member 24 is coaxial with the exhaust tail pipe 1 , and the cone member 24 can guide the gas flowing through the exhaust tail pipe 1 and cause the gas to impact on the impeller 2 .

[0029] When in use, when the exhaust gas flows through the exhaust tail pipe 1, the exhaust gas will move toward the edge of the exhaust tail pipe 1 under the guidance of the cone 24, so that the exhaust gas can be more concentrated, so that when it hits the impeller 2, it can drive the impeller 2 to rotate, thereby driving the centrifugal assembly to move.

[0030] The centrifugal assembly is arranged on the exhaust tail pipe 1 and connected to the impeller 2. A connecting rod 11 is arranged on the centrifugal assembly. When the gas flow rate in the exhaust tail pipe 1 increases, the centrifugal assembly can drive the connecting rod 11 to move toward the exhaust tail pipe 1. The centrifugal assembly comprises a cross rotating frame 4 mounted on the transmission rod 18, the cross rotating frame 4 is provided with a slide groove 401, a slider 5 is slidably mounted in the slide groove 401, and a counterweight block 6 is provided on one side of the slider 5; The centrifugal assembly also includes an energy storage kit arranged on the transmission rod 18. When the cross rotating frame 4 rotates, the slider 5 can drive the energy storage kit to move toward the cross rotating frame 4. The energy storage kit includes a follower sleeve 8 slidably sleeved on the transmission rod 18, and a connecting rod 7 is rotatably mounted on the follower sleeve 8. One end of the connecting rod 7 away from the follower sleeve 8 is rotatably connected to the other end of the slider 5. The transmission rod 18 is also sleeved with a cylindrical spring 9, one end of the cylindrical spring 9 is connected to the cross rotating frame 4, and the other end is connected to the follower sleeve 8; An annular groove 801 is formed on the circumferential surface of the transmission rod 18 , and a collar 10 is rotatably sleeved on the annular groove 801 . The collar 10 is connected to the connecting rod 11 .

[0031] When the impeller 2 rotates, the rotating shaft of the impeller 2 will drive the bevel gear set 3 connected thereto to rotate, so that the transmission rod 18 rotates. At this time, the cross rotating frame 4 arranged on the transmission rod 18 will also rotate accordingly, and make the slider 5 and the counterweight block 6 arranged in the slide groove 401 perform circular motion. When the slider 5 and the counterweight block 6 perform circular motion, the slider 5 and the counterweight block 6 will generate centrifugal force. Under the action of the centrifugal force, the slider 5 will move away from the transmission rod 18 along the length direction of the slide groove 401. At this time, the slider 5 pulls the follower sleeve 8 toward the cross rotating frame 4 through the connecting rod 7, so that the columnar spring 9 which is in a compressed state in the initial state is further compressed. When the follower sleeve 8 moves, it can drive the connecting rod 11 to move under the cooperation of the annular groove 801 and the ring 10, thereby driving the adjustment mechanism to move and changing the conduction amount of the annular feeding assembly.

[0032] Furthermore, when the velocity of the air flow through the exhaust tail pipe 1 increases, the gas volume will also increase. At this time, the temperature borne by the exhaust tail pipe 1 will also be higher. In this state, the rotation speed of the impeller 2 will also increase, so that the rotation speed of the cross rotating frame 4 will increase. At this time, the centrifugal force exerted on the slider 5 and the counterweight 6 will also increase, thereby being able to pull the connecting rod 11 further toward the cross rotating frame 4 and drive the adjusting mechanism to further move, so that the conduction of the annular feeding assembly is further increased, so that the delivery volume of the low-temperature gas can be automatically matched with the gas volume flowing through the exhaust tail pipe 1.

[0033] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the action amplitude of the regulating mechanism can be actively adjusted according to the rotational speed of the impeller 2, so that the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas can be automatically matched with the amount of gas flowing through the exhaust tail pipe 1, thereby achieving a better cooling effect on the exhaust gas and avoiding excessively high temperature of the exhaust gas during emission due to too little low-temperature gas.

[0034] See also Figure 3~Figure 7The annular feeding assembly penetrates the exhaust tail pipe 1 and extends to the inside of the exhaust tail pipe 1. The annular feeding assembly can deliver low-temperature gas to the exhaust tail pipe 1. The annular feeding assembly includes two groups of parallel annular conduits 20 coaxial with the exhaust tail pipe 1. The annular conduits 20 are circumferentially equidistantly provided with a plurality of nozzles 21 penetrating the exhaust tail pipe 1 and extending to the inside thereof. The two groups of annular conduits 20 are connected with an adjusting sleeve 19. The adjusting assembly is arranged in the adjusting sleeve 19 and can adjust the conductance of the adjusting sleeve 19. The adjusting mechanism is connected to the connecting rod 11, and the adjusting mechanism includes a follower rotating component and an adjusting component. The adjusting component can change the conduction amount of the annular feeding component, and the follower rotating component can follow the movement of the connecting rod 11 to drive the movement of the adjusting component; The adjustment assembly includes a conducting member 16 and a blocking member 15 disposed in the adjustment sleeve 19, and a fan-shaped through groove 17 is formed on the conducting member 16 and the blocking member 15; When the blocking member 15 rotates relative to the conducting member 16, the fan-shaped through groove 17 on the blocking member 15 can be conducted; The follow-up rotating assembly includes a rotating shaft 13 rotatably mounted on the adjusting sleeve 19, and the rotating shaft 13 is connected to the rotating shaft of the blocking member 15 through a belt 14; The follow-up rotating assembly also includes a transverse sleeve 12 slidably mounted on the rotating shaft 13 and connected to the connecting rod 11 . A spiral groove 1301 is provided on the rotating shaft 13 . A convex shaft 1201 formed on the inner wall of the transverse sleeve 12 can slide in the spiral groove 1301 .

[0035] In the initial state, the fan-shaped through groove 17 on the sealing member 15 and the fan-shaped through groove 17 on the conducting member 16 are in a completely misaligned state. At this time, the adjusting sleeve 19 is in a completely blocked state. In this state, it can prevent the low-temperature gas from flowing to the exhaust tail pipe 1 when no exhaust gas flows through the exhaust tail pipe 1, causing waste.

[0036] When the connecting rod 11 follows the movement of the follower sleeve 8, it will also drive the transverse sleeve 12. At this time, the cam 1201 set in the transverse sleeve 12 will move horizontally, and the cam 1201 is slidably set in the spiral groove 1301, so that when the cam 1201 moves, the rotating shaft 13 will rotate and drive the blocking member 15 to rotate through the belt 14. At this time, the blocking member 15 and the fan-shaped through groove 17 on the conducting member 16 will partially overlap, so that the adjusting sleeve 19 is conductive, and as the rotation speed of the impeller 2 increases, the transverse displacement of the connecting rod 11 will also increase, and the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 13 will increase. At this time, the overlapping area of ​​the blocking member 15 and the fan-shaped through groove 17 on the conducting member 16 will also increase, thereby further improving the conduction amount of the adjusting sleeve 19.

[0037] Through the above arrangement, the connecting rod 11 can be moved to drive the rotating shaft 13 to rotate, thereby rotating the blocking member 15, so that the blocking member 15 and the fan-shaped through groove 17 on the conducting member 16 overlap. At the same time, as the rotation speed of the impeller 2 changes, the overlapping area of ​​the blocking member 15 and the fan-shaped through groove 17 on the conducting member 16 can be changed, thereby changing the conduction amount of the adjusting sleeve 19, making the conduction amount of the adjusting sleeve 19 adjustable.

[0038] See also Figure 1~Figure 4 , Figure 6 Another air inlet is connected to the two groups of annular ducts 20, and a solenoid valve 22 is arranged on the air inlet. A temperature sensor 23 arranged on the side of the exhaust tail pipe 1 communicates with the solenoid valve 22, so that when the temperature sensor 23 detects that the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe 1 exceeds a preset value, the conduction amount of the solenoid valve 22 is increased.

[0039] When the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust tail pipe 1, the amount of heat carried by the exhaust gas will also be different. It is difficult to ensure that the exhaust gas achieves a good cooling effect by only adjusting the delivery amount of low-temperature gas through the exhaust flow rate. In the present embodiment, when the heat carried by the exhaust gas is high, the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe 1 will also rise. At this time, the temperature sensor 23 can detect the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe 1. When the temperature sensor 23 detects that the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe 1 is higher than the preset value, the solenoid valve 22 will be controlled to be turned on, so that the amount of low-temperature gas entering the exhaust tail pipe 1 is further increased, thereby cooling the exhaust gas.

[0040] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas can be further controlled according to the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe 1. This is coordinated with controlling the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas by the exhaust gas flow rate flowing through the exhaust tail pipe 1. While ensuring the temperature of the exhaust gas and the exhaust tail pipe 1, the delivery amount of the low-temperature gas can be controlled more accurately.

[0041] As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for cooling a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe using the cooling structure is also proposed, comprising: When the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust tail pipe 1, the exhaust gas can hit the blades of the impeller 2 through the guidance of the cone member 24, thereby driving the impeller 2 to rotate. At this time, the impeller 2 will rotate, and the greater the exhaust gas emission, the faster the impeller 2 rotates. At this time, the impeller 2 can drive the centrifugal component connected thereto to move, and drive the connecting rod 11 to move toward the exhaust tail pipe 1. In this process, the follow-up rotating component can drive the regulating component to increase the conduction of the annular feeding component. At this time, the low-temperature gas can enter the exhaust tail pipe 1 through the annular feeding component and mix with the exhaust gas to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas. As the exhaust gas is discharged, the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe 1 will rise accordingly. At this time, when the temperature sensor 23 detects that the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe 1 exceeds the preset value, the conductance of the solenoid valve 22 can be increased, and the low-temperature gas entering the annular feeding assembly can be further increased, thereby further cooling the exhaust gas.

[0042] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0043] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A cooling structure for an exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine, arranged on the exhaust tail pipe (1), characterized in that: include: An impeller (2) rotatably mounted in the exhaust tail pipe (1); A conical member (24) coaxial with the exhaust tail pipe (1), the conical member (24) being capable of guiding the gas flowing through the exhaust tail pipe (1) and causing the gas to impinge on the impeller (2); a centrifugal assembly, arranged on the exhaust tail pipe (1) and connected to the impeller (2), the centrifugal assembly being provided with a connecting rod (11), and when the gas flow velocity in the exhaust tail pipe (1) increases, the centrifugal assembly can drive the connecting rod (11) to move towards the exhaust tail pipe (1); an annular feeding assembly, penetrating the exhaust tail pipe (1) and extending to the interior of the exhaust tail pipe (1), the annular feeding assembly being capable of conveying low-temperature gas into the exhaust tail pipe (1); An adjusting mechanism is connected to the connecting rod (11), the adjusting mechanism comprising a follower rotating component and an adjusting component, the adjusting component can change the conduction amount of the annular feeding component, and the follower rotating component can follow the movement of the connecting rod (11) to drive the movement of the adjusting component.

2. The cooling structure of a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bevel gear set (3) is connected to the rotating shaft of the impeller (2), and the bevel gear set (3) is connected to a transmission rod (18) that penetrates the exhaust tail pipe (1) and is rotatably installed; The centrifugal assembly comprises a cross rotating frame (4) mounted on the transmission rod (18), the cross rotating frame (4) being provided with a slide groove (401), a slider (5) being slidably mounted in the slide groove (401), and a counterweight block (6) being provided on one side of the slider (5); The centrifugal assembly further comprises an energy storage kit arranged on the transmission rod (18), and when the cross rotating frame (4) rotates, the slider (5) can drive the energy storage kit to move towards the cross rotating frame (4).

3. The cooling structure of the exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage kit comprises a follower sleeve (8) slidably mounted on the transmission rod (18), a connecting rod (7) rotatably mounted on the follower sleeve (8), and one end of the connecting rod (7) away from the follower sleeve (8) is rotatably connected to the other end of the slider (5); The transmission rod (18) is also sleeved with a columnar spring (9), one end of the columnar spring (9) is connected to the cross rotating frame (4), and the other end is connected to the follower sleeve (8).

4. The cooling structure of the exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular groove (801) is formed on the circumferential surface of the transmission rod (18), a collar (10) is rotatably sleeved on the annular groove (801), and the collar (10) is connected to the connecting rod (11).

5. The cooling structure of the exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular feeding assembly comprises two groups of annular ducts (20) which are parallel and coaxial with the exhaust tail pipe (1), a plurality of nozzles (21) which penetrate the exhaust tail pipe (1) and extend into the interior thereof are arranged equidistantly on the annular duct (20), the two groups of annular ducts (20) are connected to an adjustment sleeve (19), and the adjustment assembly is arranged in the adjustment sleeve (19) and is capable of adjusting the conductance of the adjustment sleeve (19).

6. The cooling structure of the exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly comprises a conducting member (16) and a blocking member (15) arranged in the adjustment sleeve (19), and fan-shaped through grooves (17) are formed on the conducting member (16) and the blocking member (15); When the blocking piece (15) rotates relative to the conducting piece (16), the fan-shaped through groove (17) on the blocking piece (15) can be conducted.

7. The cooling structure of the exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The follower rotating assembly comprises a rotating shaft (13) rotatably mounted on the adjusting sleeve (19), the rotating shaft (13) being connected to the rotating shaft of the blocking member (15) via a belt (14); The follower rotating assembly further comprises a transverse sleeve (12) slidably mounted on the rotating shaft (13) and connected to the connecting rod (11); a spiral groove (1301) is provided on the rotating shaft (13); and a convex shaft (1201) formed on the inner wall of the transverse sleeve (12) is capable of sliding in the spiral groove (1301).

8. The cooling structure of the exhaust tail pipe of a gas turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Another air inlet is also connected to the two groups of annular conduits (20), and a solenoid valve (22) is arranged on the air inlet. A temperature sensor (23) arranged on the side of the exhaust tail pipe (1) communicates with the solenoid valve (22) so that when the temperature sensor (23) detects that the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe (1) exceeds a preset value, the conduction amount of the solenoid valve (22) is increased.

9. A method for cooling a gas turbine exhaust tail pipe using the cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: When the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust tail pipe (1), the exhaust gas can be guided by the cone member (24) to hit the blades of the impeller (2), thereby driving the impeller (2) to rotate. At this time, the impeller (2) will rotate, and the greater the exhaust gas emission, the faster the impeller (2) rotates. At this time, the impeller (2) can drive the centrifugal component connected thereto to move, and drive the connecting rod (11) to move toward the exhaust tail pipe (1). In this process, the follower rotating component can drive the regulating component to increase the conduction of the annular feeding component. At this time, the low-temperature gas can enter the exhaust tail pipe (1) through the annular feeding component and mix with the exhaust gas to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas. As the exhaust gas is discharged, the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe (1) will rise accordingly. At this time, when the temperature sensor (23) detects that the temperature of the exhaust tail pipe (1) exceeds a preset value, the conductance of the solenoid valve (22) can be increased, thereby further increasing the amount of low-temperature gas entering the annular feeding assembly, thereby further cooling the exhaust gas.

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