Photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage, in particular to a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system, which comprises an electric power complementation unit, an automatic switching unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit and an energy storage unit, and is characterized in that the electric power complementation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are electrically connected with the automatic switching unit through wires; the automatic switching unit is electrically connected with the energy storage unit through a wire, the photovoltaic power generation unit is used for supplying power to the energy storage unit, and the electric power complementation unit is used for performing electric power complementation on the energy storage unit; for large-scale and long-time power supply, the system has the advantages of high power supply stability and low maintenance cost, does not need to additionally add an energy storage battery, greatly reduces the cost of photovoltaic energy storage, can simulate the operation of the power complementation unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage unit, predicts the future power utilization condition through simulation, and improves the power supply efficiency. Power supply to photovoltaic energy storage is regulated and controlled in time, and the problem of power supply interruption caused by untimely switching is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage, and in particular to an automatic switching system for photovoltaic energy storage. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic energy storage refers to a system that uses solar energy to generate electricity and stores it so that the energy can be released to supply power when needed. Photovoltaic energy storage systems are usually composed of photovoltaic equipment and energy storage equipment. They convert solar radiation energy directly into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect, and store excess electrical energy through energy storage equipment for use at night or on cloudy days. Due to the instability of photovoltaic power generation, when the power generation of photovoltaic energy storage is insufficient, it is necessary to supply power to the load through other means.

[0003] For example, a photovoltaic energy storage and diesel power generation complementary automatic switching method and system with application number CN202110895642.2 and authorization announcement date 20240830 is applied to a photovoltaic energy storage and diesel power generation complementary automatic switching system; the system includes photovoltaic components, photovoltaic controllers, energy storage batteries, battery management modules, inverters and switching controllers; the photovoltaic controller is electrically connected between the photovoltaic controller and the inverter; the energy storage batteries are electrically connected to the photovoltaic controller and the inverter respectively; the inverter is electrically connected to the local load; the battery management module is electrically connected to the energy storage battery; the switching controller is communicatively connected to the photovoltaic controller and the battery management module; the photovoltaic energy storage and diesel power generation complementary automatic switching method proposed in the present invention can switch the power supply to the local load at sunrise and sunset, and use energy storage batteries to power the local load, which can effectively reduce the owner's electricity cost.

[0004] In order to prevent photovoltaic energy storage from being unable to meet the power supply requirements, a switching system will be designed to manage photovoltaic energy storage. The photovoltaic energy storage switching system in the existing technology will meet the load power supply needs by increasing the number of energy storage batteries, but this method is relatively simple. For large-scale and long-term power supply, adding energy storage batteries will increase the cost of photovoltaic energy storage power supply, and the power supply stability of the above method is poor and the maintenance cost is high. Therefore, it is urgent to design a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system, comprising a power complementary unit, an automatic switching unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit and an energy storage unit, wherein the power complementary unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are electrically connected to the automatic switching unit through a wire, and the automatic switching unit is electrically connected to the energy storage unit through a wire, the photovoltaic power generation unit is used to supply power to the energy storage unit, the power complementary unit is used to perform power complementary to the energy storage unit, the automatic switching unit is used to perform switching control processing on the power complementary unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit, the power complementary unit adopts one of a diesel generator, a wind power generation equipment, and a city power supply network, the photovoltaic power generation unit adopts a solar generator, and the energy storage unit adopts a supercapacitor + lithium battery mode structure; Furthermore, the automatic switching unit includes a scheduling module, a monitoring module, a simulation module, a prediction module, a backup module and a storage module; Further, the monitoring module is used to monitor the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit. The monitoring module includes a photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule, a power complementary monitoring submodule, an energy storage monitoring submodule, and a data processing submodule. The photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule is used to monitor the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, the power complementary monitoring submodule is used to monitor the power generation of the power complementary unit, the energy storage monitoring submodule is used to monitor the amount of electricity stored in the energy storage unit, and the data processing submodule is used to perform correlation processing on the data monitored by the photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule, the power complementary monitoring submodule, and the energy storage monitoring submodule; It should be noted that the steps of data correlation analysis are as follows: ‌Data Collection‌: Collect data samples of sufficient quantity and quality, ‌Data cleaning and organization‌: Clean and organize the collected data, including deleting duplicate data, processing missing data and outliers, etc.,‌ ‌Data analysis‌: Use statistical methods, machine learning algorithms and other tools to analyze data and find correlations and patterns between data.‌ ‌Data visualization‌: Visualize the analysis results in the form of charts, reports, etc. to understand the relationship between data more intuitively;‌ Further, the simulation module is used to simulate the operation of the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit, and the simulation module includes a power complementary virtual submodule, a photovoltaic power generation virtual submodule, and an energy storage virtual submodule, and the power complementary virtual submodule, the photovoltaic power generation virtual submodule, and the energy storage virtual submodule are paradigmatically combined together, and the power complementary virtual submodule, the photovoltaic power generation virtual submodule, and the energy storage virtual submodule are synchronized with the power complementary unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit, and the energy storage unit through digital twin technology; Furthermore, the prediction module predicts the operation of the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the data of the simulation module and the data collected by the monitoring module. The prediction module includes an analysis submodule and a data calling submodule. The data calling submodule is used to call the data of the simulation module and the data collected by the monitoring module. The analysis submodule uses the LSTM-ARIMA model to predict the data, and the processing steps are as follows: S1-1. Linear part processing: First, use the ARIMA model to fit the linear part of the time series. S1-2. Nonlinear part processing: The residual sequence of the ARIMA model is used as the nonlinear part and fitted using the LSTM model. S1-3. ‌Final prediction‌: Add the prediction results of the ARIMA model and the LSTM model to get the final prediction value; Furthermore, the dispatching module performs switching control on the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the prediction result of the prediction module. The dispatching module establishes a management model through a power dispatching formula, and the power dispatching formula is specifically as follows: in, is the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, is the power supply of the energy storage unit, S is the ratio of the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit to the power supply of the energy storage unit. When S≥1, the management model controls the energy storage unit to supply excess power to the grid. When S<1, the management model controls the switching of the power complementary unit, and the power complementary unit supplies power to the energy storage unit. Further, the backup module backs up the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, and the prediction module through the mirroring technology. The backup module includes a mirroring submodule, a monitoring submodule, and a switching module. The mirroring submodule mirrors the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, and the prediction module through the mirroring technology. The monitoring submodule is constructed according to the "operation status monitoring" technology. The monitoring submodule is used to monitor the operation of the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, and the prediction module. The switching module selects the "UEFI image conversion tool". The switching module automatically switches the mirroring submodule to start according to the monitoring result of the monitoring submodule; Furthermore, the storage module is used to store data generated by the operation of the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, the prediction module, and the backup module. The storage module adopts a memory sub-module and a partition sub-module. The partition sub-module partitions the memory sub-module according to a time series. The memory sub-module is used to store data generated by the operation of the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, the prediction module, and the backup module.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) The photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system designed by the present invention has the advantages of high power supply stability and low maintenance cost for large-scale and long-term power supply, and does not require additional energy storage batteries, which greatly reduces the cost of photovoltaic energy storage.

[0008] (2) The present invention can simulate the operation of the power complementary unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage unit, and predict the future power consumption through simulation, so as to timely adjust the power supply to the photovoltaic energy storage and avoid the problem of power supply interruption caused by untimely switching.

[0009] (3) The automatic switching unit designed in the present invention has two groups of scheduling modules, monitoring modules, simulation modules, and prediction modules through mirroring technology. When the main scheduling module, monitoring module, simulation module, and prediction module fail, the sub-scheduling module, monitoring module, simulation module, and prediction module can be switched in time, which greatly improves the disaster recovery capability of the switching system and effectively solves the problem of poor management and disaster recovery capability of the switching system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0011] Figure 1 A system schematic diagram of an embodiment of a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system provided by the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an automatic switching unit provided in an embodiment of a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a monitoring module provided in an embodiment of a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a simulation module provided for an embodiment of a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a prediction module provided for an embodiment of a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a backup module provided in an embodiment of a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 7A schematic diagram of a storage module provided in an embodiment of a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figure 1-7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system, including a power complementary unit, an automatic switching unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit and an energy storage unit, wherein the power complementary unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are electrically connected to the automatic switching unit through a wire, and the automatic switching unit is electrically connected to the energy storage unit through a wire, the photovoltaic power generation unit is used to supply power to the energy storage unit, the power complementary unit is used to perform power complementation on the energy storage unit, the automatic switching unit is used to perform switching control processing on the power complementary unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit, the power complementary unit adopts one of a diesel generator, a wind power generation equipment, and a city power supply network, the photovoltaic power generation unit adopts a solar generator, and the energy storage unit adopts a supercapacitor + lithium battery mode structure; The automatic switching unit includes a scheduling module, a monitoring module, a simulation module, a prediction module, a backup module and a storage module; The monitoring module is used to monitor the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit. The monitoring module includes a photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule, a power complementary monitoring submodule, an energy storage monitoring submodule, and a data processing submodule. The photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule is used to monitor the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, the power complementary monitoring submodule is used to monitor the power generation of the power complementary unit, the energy storage monitoring submodule is used to monitor the amount of electricity stored in the energy storage unit, and the data processing submodule is used to perform correlation processing on the data monitored by the photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule, the power complementary monitoring submodule, and the energy storage monitoring submodule; It should be noted that the steps of data correlation analysis are as follows: ‌Data Collection‌: Collect data samples of sufficient quantity and quality, ‌Data cleaning and organization‌: Clean and organize the collected data, including deleting duplicate data, processing missing data and outliers, etc.,‌ ‌Data analysis‌: Use statistical methods, machine learning algorithms and other tools to analyze data and find correlations and patterns between data.‌ ‌Data visualization‌: Visualize the analysis results in the form of charts, reports, etc. to understand the relationship between data more intuitively;‌ The simulation module is used to simulate the operation of the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit. The simulation module includes a power complementary virtual submodule, a photovoltaic power generation virtual submodule, and an energy storage virtual submodule. The power complementary virtual submodule, the photovoltaic power generation virtual submodule, and the energy storage virtual submodule are paradigmatically combined together. The power complementary virtual submodule, the photovoltaic power generation virtual submodule, and the energy storage virtual submodule are synchronized with the power complementary unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit, and the energy storage unit through digital twin technology. The prediction module predicts the operation of the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the data of the simulation module and the data collected by the monitoring module. The prediction module includes an analysis submodule and a data calling submodule. The data calling submodule is used to call the data of the simulation module and the data collected by the monitoring module. The analysis submodule uses the LSTM-ARIMA model to predict the data, and the processing steps are as follows: S1-1. Linear part processing: First, use the ARIMA model to fit the linear part of the time series. S1-2. Nonlinear part processing: The residual sequence of the ARIMA model is used as the nonlinear part and fitted using the LSTM model. S1-3. ‌Final prediction‌: Add the prediction results of the ARIMA model and the LSTM model to get the final prediction value; The dispatching module controls the switching of the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the prediction results of the prediction module. The dispatching module establishes a management model through the power dispatching formula, and the power dispatching formula is specifically as follows: in, is the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, is the power supply of the energy storage unit, S is the ratio of the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit to the power supply of the energy storage unit. When S≥1, the management model controls the energy storage unit to supply excess power to the grid. When S<1, the management model controls the switching of the power complementary unit, and the power complementary unit supplies power to the energy storage unit. The backup module backs up the scheduling module, monitoring module, simulation module, and prediction module through mirroring technology. The backup module includes a mirroring submodule, a monitoring submodule, and a switching module. The mirroring submodule mirrors the scheduling module, monitoring module, simulation module, and prediction module through mirroring technology. The monitoring submodule is constructed based on the "operation status monitoring" technology. The monitoring submodule is used to monitor the operation of the scheduling module, monitoring module, simulation module, and prediction module. The switching module uses the "UEFI mirror conversion tool". The switching module automatically switches the mirroring submodule to start according to the monitoring result of the monitoring submodule; The storage module is used to store the data generated by the operation of the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, the prediction module, and the backup module. The storage module adopts a memory sub-module and a partition sub-module. The partition sub-module partitions the memory sub-module according to the time series. The memory sub-module is used to store the data generated by the operation of the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, the prediction module, and the backup module.

[0020] Working principle: When the photovoltaic power generation unit generates electricity, it will store the converted electricity in the energy storage unit. The energy storage unit stores the electricity and supplies power to the load through an external cable. When supplying power, the monitoring module will monitor the power complementary unit, energy storage unit, and photovoltaic power generation unit. When it is found that the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit cannot meet the power supply of the energy storage unit, the control module will control the power complementary unit to supply power to the energy storage unit to meet the power demand of the load. At the same time, during this process, the simulation module will simulate the operation of the power complementary unit, energy storage unit, and photovoltaic power generation unit. According to the simulation results, the prediction module will predict the operation of the power complementary unit, energy storage unit, and photovoltaic power generation unit, and judge the future power complementary unit, energy storage unit The unit and photovoltaic power generation unit are operating normally, and the power supply of the energy storage unit cannot meet the load demand. The power supply to the photovoltaic energy storage is adjusted in time to avoid power supply interruption caused by untimely switching. The mirror submodule in the backup module will mirror the scheduling module, monitoring module, simulation module, and prediction module through mirroring technology. During operation, the monitoring submodule will monitor the main scheduling module, monitoring module, simulation module, and prediction module based on the "operating status monitoring" technology. According to the monitoring results, the switching module will automatically switch the mirror submodule to start, to ensure the normal operation of the switching system, and avoid the switching system from not being able to operate normally when the main scheduling module, monitoring module, simulation module, and prediction module fail.

[0021] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system, comprising a power complementary unit, an automatic switching unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit and an energy storage unit, characterized in that: The power complementary unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are electrically connected to the automatic switching unit through a wire, and the automatic switching unit is electrically connected to the energy storage unit through a wire. The photovoltaic power generation unit is used to supply power to the energy storage unit, and the power complementary unit is used to perform power complementary to the energy storage unit. The automatic switching unit is used to perform switching control processing on the power complementary unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit. The automatic switching unit includes a scheduling module, a monitoring module, a simulation module, a prediction module, a backup module and a storage module. The monitoring module is used to monitor the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit; the simulation module is used to simulate the operation of the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit; the prediction module predicts the operation of the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the data of the simulation module operation and the data collected by the monitoring module; the scheduling module regulates the switching of the power complementary unit, the energy storage unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit according to the prediction result of the prediction module; the backup module backs up the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, and the prediction module through mirroring technology; and the storage module is used to store the data generated by the operation of the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module, the prediction module, and the backup module.

2. A photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric power complementary unit adopts one of a diesel generator, a wind power generation equipment, and a city power supply network, the photovoltaic power generation unit adopts a solar generator, and the energy storage unit adopts a supercapacitor + lithium battery mode structure.

3. The photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring module includes a photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule, a power complement monitoring submodule, an energy storage monitoring submodule and a data processing submodule. The photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule is used to monitor the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, the power complement monitoring submodule is used to monitor the power generation of the power complement unit, and the energy storage monitoring submodule is used to monitor the amount of electricity stored in the energy storage unit.

4. A photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data processing submodule is used to perform correlation processing on the data monitored by the photovoltaic power generation monitoring submodule, the electric power complementation monitoring submodule, and the energy storage monitoring submodule.

5. The photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation module includes a power complementarity virtual sub-module, a photovoltaic power generation virtual sub-module and an energy storage virtual sub-module. The power complementarity virtual sub-module, the photovoltaic power generation virtual sub-module and the energy storage virtual sub-module are paradigmatically combined together. The power complementarity virtual sub-module, the photovoltaic power generation virtual sub-module and the energy storage virtual sub-module are synchronized with the power complementarity unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage unit through digital twin technology.

6. The photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prediction module includes an analysis submodule and a data calling submodule. The data calling submodule is used to call the data run by the simulation module and the data collected by the monitoring module. The analysis submodule uses the LSTM-ARIMA model to predict the data, and the processing steps are as follows: S1-1. ‌Linear part processing‌: First, use the ARIMA model to fit the linear part of the time series; S1-2. Nonlinear part processing: The residual sequence of the ARIMA model is used as the nonlinear part and fitted using the LSTM model; S1-3. ‌Final prediction‌: Add the prediction results of the ARIMA model and the LSTM model to get the final prediction value‌.

7. The photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backup module includes a mirroring submodule, a monitoring submodule and a switching module. The mirroring submodule mirrors the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module and the prediction module through mirroring technology. The monitoring submodule is constructed based on the "operation status monitoring" technology. The monitoring submodule is used to monitor the operation of the scheduling module, the monitoring module, the simulation module and the prediction module.

8. The photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The switching module selects a UEFI image conversion tool, and the switching module automatically switches the image submodule to start according to the monitoring result of the monitoring submodule.

9. The photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scheduling module establishes a management model through a power scheduling formula, and the power scheduling formula is specifically as follows: in, is the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit, is the power supply of the energy storage unit, S is the ratio of the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit to the power supply of the energy storage unit. When S≥1, the management model controls the energy storage unit to supply excess power to the grid. When S<1, the management model controls the switching of the power complementary unit, and the power complementary unit supplies power to the energy storage unit.

10. The photovoltaic energy storage automatic switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage module adopts a memory submodule and a partition submodule. The partition submodule partitions the memory submodule according to a time series. The memory submodule is used to store data generated by the operation of a scheduling module, a monitoring module, a simulation module, a prediction module, and a backup module.

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