Electrode wire material suitable for high-precision part machining and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision part machining and a preparation technology of the electrode wire material, and relates to the technical field of electrode wire materials. The electrode wire material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80 to 90 percent of tungsten, 5 to 10 percent of copper, 2 to 5 percent of molybdenum, 2 to 4 percent of cobalt, 0.5 to 2 percent of manganese and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of rare earth element. The electrode wire material disclosed by the invention has high hardness, high temperature resistance, good conductivity and wear resistance, and is suitable for processing high-precision parts; the surface of the electrode wire is strengthened through the micron-sized metal coating, the abrasion resistance and the electric conductivity of the electrode wire are further improved, the service life of the electrode wire is prolonged, and the machining efficiency and the machining quality are improved. According to the preparation process, multiple procedures such as vacuum melting, directional solidification, hot extrusion, cold drawing, surface coating treatment and quality detection are adopted, and the performance stability and quality reliability of the electrode wire material are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrode wire materials, and in particular to an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of high-precision parts processing, the performance requirements for electrode wire materials are getting higher and higher. Traditional electrode wire materials have certain deficiencies in processing accuracy, wear resistance, conductivity, etc., and it is difficult to meet the needs of high-precision parts processing. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an electrode wire material with excellent performance suitable for high-precision parts processing and its preparation process. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an electrode wire material and a preparation process suitable for the processing of high-precision parts, which solves the problem that traditional electrode wire materials have certain shortcomings in processing accuracy, wear resistance and electrical conductivity, and are difficult to meet the needs of high-precision parts processing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing and a preparation process thereof, comprising the following components in weight percentage:

[0005] Tungsten: 80-90%

[0006] Copper: 5-10%

[0007] Molybdenum: 2-5%

[0008] Cobalt: 2-4%

[0009] Manganese: 0.5-2%

[0010] Rare earth elements: 0.1-0.5%.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the electrode wire material is in the range of 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm, and its surface is reinforced with a micron-level metal coating to enhance wear resistance and electrical conductivity.

[0012] Preferably, the rare earth elements include but are not limited to lanthanum and cerium.

[0013] Preferably, a process for preparing an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Vacuum melting

[0015] Tungsten, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese and rare earth elements are placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace and heated to a temperature of less than 1×10 -Under the condition of 3Pa, gradually increase the temperature to 2500℃-2800℃ to completely melt and mix the metals. The smelting time is 3-5h, during which electromagnetic stirring is used to ensure uniform composition.

[0016] Step 2: Directional Solidification

[0017] The vacuum-melted liquid alloy is injected into a directional solidification device with a specific temperature gradient, and the solidification rate is controlled at 10-20 mm / min, so that the alloy is orderly crystallized in a specific direction to form an ingot with a good organizational structure;

[0018] Step 3: Hot extrusion

[0019] The ingot after directional solidification is homogenized at a temperature of 1000°C-1200°C for 6-8h, and then hot extruded at a temperature of 1500°C-1800°C and an extrusion ratio of 15-25 to obtain a preliminary electrode wire blank;

[0020] Step 4: Cold drawing

[0021] The electrode wire blank is subjected to multiple cold drawing passes, and online lubrication and cooling are used during the drawing process. The drawing speed is controlled at 10-20m / s. After each drawing pass, an intermediate annealing treatment is performed. The annealing temperature is 500℃-700℃, and the annealing time is 1-2h. The electrode wire diameter is gradually drawn to 0.05mm-0.5mm;

[0022] Step 5: Surface coating treatment

[0023] Physical vapor deposition is used to deposit a micron-level metal coating on the surface of the electrode wire, and then a metal material with high hardness and good electrical conductivity is selected, and the deposition temperature is controlled at 200°C-400°C and the deposition time is 2-4h to enhance the wear resistance and electrical conductivity of the electrode wire; the metal material includes but is not limited to chromium and titanium;

[0024] Step 6: Quality Inspection and Packaging

[0025] Conduct quality inspection on the prepared electrode wire, including diameter accuracy measurement, component analysis, antioxidant performance test and electrical conductivity test;

[0026] Qualified electrode wires are vacuum packed to prevent oxidation and contamination for long-term storage and use.

[0027] Preferably, the electromagnetic stirring frequency in step 1 is 10-50 Hz.

[0028] Preferably, the temperature gradient of the directional solidification equipment in step 2 is 50-100°C / cm.

[0029] Preferably, the lubricant used for the online lubrication in step 4 is a nano-scale ceramic particle suspension.

[0030] Preferably, the physical vapor deposition in step five adopts magnetron sputtering.

[0031] Preferably, the quality inspection in step six also includes microstructure analysis and mechanical property testing.

[0032] The invention provides an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing and a preparation process thereof.

[0033] It has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The electrode wire material of the present invention has high hardness, high temperature resistance, good electrical conductivity and wear resistance, and is suitable for high-precision parts processing.

[0035] 2. The surface of the present invention is strengthened by using a micron-level metal coating, which further improves the wear resistance and electrical conductivity of the electrode wire, prolongs the service life of the electrode wire, and improves the processing efficiency and processing quality.

[0036] 3. The preparation process of the present invention adopts multiple processes such as vacuum melting, directional solidification, hot extrusion, cold drawing, surface coating treatment and quality inspection to ensure the performance stability and quality reliability of the electrode wire material.

[0037] 4. The present invention improves the preparation accuracy and performance of electrode wire materials by applying technical means such as electromagnetic stirring, directional solidification with a specific temperature gradient, lubrication of nano-ceramic particle suspensions, and surface coating treatment by magnetron sputtering. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing, comprising the following components in weight percentage:

[0041] Tungsten: 80%

[0042] Copper: 5%

[0043] Molybdenum: 2%

[0044] Cobalt: 2%

[0045] Manganese: 0.5%

[0046] Rare earth elements: 0.1%; rare earth elements include but are not limited to lanthanum and cerium;

[0047] The diameter of the electrode wire material ranges from 0.05mm, and its surface is reinforced with a micron-level metal coating to enhance wear resistance and electrical conductivity.

[0048] A preparation process of electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Vacuum melting

[0050] Put tungsten, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese and rare earth elements into a vacuum induction melting furnace, gradually heat up to 2500°C under the condition of vacuum degree less than 1×10-3Pa, so that each metal is completely melted and fully mixed, the melting time is 3h, during which electromagnetic stirring is used to ensure uniform composition; the electromagnetic stirring frequency in step 1 is 10Hz;

[0051] Step 2: Directional Solidification

[0052] The vacuum-melted liquid alloy is injected into a directional solidification device with a specific temperature gradient, and the solidification rate is controlled at 10 mm / min, so that the alloy is orderly crystallized in a specific direction to form an ingot with a good organizational structure; the temperature gradient of the directional solidification device in step 2 is 50°C / cm;

[0053] Step 3: Hot extrusion

[0054] The ingot after directional solidification was homogenized at a temperature of 1000°C for 6 hours, and then hot extruded at an extrusion temperature of 1500°C and an extrusion ratio of 15 to obtain a preliminary electrode wire blank.

[0055] Step 4: Cold drawing

[0056] The electrode wire blank is subjected to multiple cold drawing passes, and online lubrication and cooling are used during the drawing process. The drawing speed is controlled at 10 m / s. After each drawing pass, an intermediate annealing treatment is performed. The annealing temperature is 500° C. and the annealing time is 1 h. The electrode wire diameter is gradually drawn to 0.05 mm. The lubricant used for the online lubrication in step 4 is a nano-ceramic particle suspension.

[0057] Step 5: Surface coating treatment

[0058] Using physical vapor deposition, a micron-level metal coating is deposited on the surface of the electrode wire, and then a metal material with high hardness and good electrical conductivity is selected, and the deposition temperature is controlled at 200°C and the deposition time is 2 hours to enhance the wear resistance and electrical conductivity of the electrode wire; the metal material includes but is not limited to chromium and titanium; the physical vapor deposition in step five adopts a magnetron sputtering method;

[0059] Step 6: Quality Inspection and Packaging

[0060] Conduct quality inspection on the prepared electrode wire, including diameter accuracy measurement, component analysis, antioxidant performance test and electrical conductivity test;

[0061] Qualified electrode wires are vacuum packed to prevent oxidation and contamination for long-term storage and use; the quality inspection in step six also includes microstructure analysis and mechanical properties testing.

[0062] In this embodiment, a high proportion of tungsten provides high hardness and high temperature resistance, and the synergistic effect of copper, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese and other elements further optimizes the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the material. The addition of rare earth elements helps to improve the performance stability and service life of the material, and provides a reliable material basis for high-precision processing. The surface is strengthened with a micron-level metal coating, which significantly improves the wear resistance of the electrode wire. During the processing, the electrode wire frequently contacts and rubs with the workpiece. The improvement of wear resistance can extend the service life of the electrode wire and reduce processing costs. Good electrical conductivity helps to improve processing efficiency and processing quality. Electrode wires with good electrical conductivity can conduct current more effectively, making the discharge machining process more stable, reducing energy loss, and improving processing accuracy.

[0063] Embodiment 2:

[0064] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing, comprising the following components in weight percentage:

[0065] Tungsten: 90%

[0066] Copper: 10%

[0067] Molybdenum: 5%

[0068] Cobalt: 4%

[0069] Manganese: 2%

[0070] Rare earth elements: 0.5%; rare earth elements include but are not limited to lanthanum and cerium;

[0071] The diameter of the electrode wire material ranges from 0.5mm, and its surface is reinforced with a micron-level metal coating to enhance wear resistance and electrical conductivity.

[0072] A preparation process of electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Vacuum melting

[0074] Put tungsten, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese and rare earth elements into a vacuum induction melting furnace, gradually heat up to 2800°C under the condition of vacuum degree less than 1×10-3Pa, so that each metal is completely melted and fully mixed, the melting time is 5h, during which electromagnetic stirring is used to ensure uniform composition; the electromagnetic stirring frequency in step 1 is 50Hz;

[0075] Step 2: Directional Solidification

[0076] The vacuum-melted liquid alloy is injected into a directional solidification device with a specific temperature gradient, and the solidification rate is controlled at 20 mm / min, so that the alloy is orderly crystallized in a specific direction to form an ingot with a good organizational structure; the temperature gradient of the directional solidification device in step 2 is 100°C / cm;

[0077] Step 3: Hot extrusion

[0078] The ingot after directional solidification was homogenized at a temperature of 1200°C for 8 hours, and then hot extruded at an extrusion temperature of 1800°C and an extrusion ratio of 25 to obtain a preliminary electrode wire blank.

[0079] Step 4: Cold drawing

[0080] The electrode wire blank is subjected to multiple cold drawing passes, and online lubrication and cooling are used during the drawing process. The drawing speed is controlled at 20 m / s. After each drawing pass, an intermediate annealing treatment is performed. The annealing temperature is 700° C. and the annealing time is 2 h. The electrode wire diameter is gradually drawn to 0.5 mm. The lubricant used for the online lubrication in step 4 is a nano-ceramic particle suspension.

[0081] Step 5: Surface coating treatment

[0082] Using physical vapor deposition, a micron-level metal coating is deposited on the surface of the electrode wire, and then a metal material with high hardness and good electrical conductivity is selected, and the deposition temperature is controlled at 400°C and the deposition time is 4 hours to enhance the wear resistance and electrical conductivity of the electrode wire; the metal material includes but is not limited to chromium and titanium; the physical vapor deposition in step five adopts a magnetron sputtering method;

[0083] Step 6: Quality Inspection and Packaging

[0084] Conduct quality inspection on the prepared electrode wire, including diameter accuracy measurement, component analysis, antioxidant performance test and electrical conductivity test;

[0085] Qualified electrode wires are vacuum packed to prevent oxidation and contamination for long-term storage and use; the quality inspection in step six also includes microstructure analysis and mechanical properties testing.

[0086] In this embodiment, a high proportion of tungsten provides high hardness and high temperature resistance, and the synergistic effect of copper, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese and other elements further optimizes the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the material. The addition of rare earth elements helps to improve the performance stability and service life of the material, and provides a reliable material basis for high-precision processing. The surface is strengthened with a micron-level metal coating, which significantly improves the wear resistance of the electrode wire. During the processing, the electrode wire frequently contacts and rubs with the workpiece. The improvement of wear resistance can extend the service life of the electrode wire and reduce processing costs. Good electrical conductivity helps to improve processing efficiency and processing quality. Electrode wires with good electrical conductivity can conduct current more effectively, making the discharge machining process more stable, reducing energy loss, and improving processing accuracy.

[0087] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing, characterized in that: The composition includes the following weight percentages: Tungsten: 80-90% Copper: 5-10% Molybdenum: 2-5% Cobalt: 2-4% Manganese: 0.5-2% Rare earth elements: 0.1-0.5%.

2. The electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the electrode wire material ranges from 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm, and its surface is reinforced with a micron-level metal coating to enhance wear resistance and electrical conductivity.

3. The electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth elements include, but are not limited to, lanthanum and cerium.

4. A process for preparing an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Vacuum melting Tungsten, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese and rare earth elements are placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace and heated to a temperature of less than 1×10 - Under the condition of 3Pa, gradually increase the temperature to 2500℃-2800℃ to completely melt and mix the metals. The smelting time is 3-5h, during which electromagnetic stirring is used to ensure uniform composition. Step 2: Directional Solidification The vacuum-melted liquid alloy is injected into a directional solidification device with a specific temperature gradient, and the solidification rate is controlled at 10-20 mm / min, so that the alloy is orderly crystallized in a specific direction to form an ingot with a good organizational structure; Step 3: Hot extrusion The ingot after directional solidification is homogenized at a temperature of 1000°C-1200°C for 6-8h, and then hot extruded at a temperature of 1500°C-1800°C and an extrusion ratio of 15-25 to obtain a preliminary electrode wire blank; Step 4: Cold drawing The electrode wire blank is subjected to multiple cold drawing passes, and online lubrication and cooling are used during the drawing process. The drawing speed is controlled at 10-20m / s. After each drawing pass, an intermediate annealing treatment is performed. The annealing temperature is 500℃-700℃, and the annealing time is 1-2h. The electrode wire diameter is gradually drawn to 0.05mm-0.5mm; Step 5: Surface coating treatment Physical vapor deposition is used to deposit a micron-level metal coating on the surface of the electrode wire, and then a metal material with high hardness and good electrical conductivity is selected, and the deposition temperature is controlled at 200°C-400°C and the deposition time is 2-4h to enhance the wear resistance and electrical conductivity of the electrode wire; the metal material includes but is not limited to chromium and titanium; Step 6: Quality Inspection and Packaging Conduct quality inspection on the prepared electrode wire, including diameter accuracy measurement, component analysis, antioxidant performance test and electrical conductivity test; Qualified electrode wires are vacuum packed to prevent oxidation and contamination for long-term storage and use.

5. The process for preparing an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electromagnetic stirring frequency in step 1 is 10-50 Hz.

6. The process for preparing electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature gradient of the directional solidification equipment in step 2 is 50-100°C / cm.

7. The process for preparing electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lubricant used in the online lubrication in step 4 is a nano-scale ceramic particle suspension.

8. The process for preparing an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The physical vapor deposition in step five adopts magnetron sputtering.

9. The process for preparing an electrode wire material suitable for high-precision parts processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The quality inspection in step six also includes microstructure analysis and mechanical property testing.