Self-powered attitude sensor, preparation method thereof and attitude monitoring system

Abstract

The invention provides a self-powered attitude sensor, a preparation method thereof and an attitude monitoring system, and the method comprises the steps: preparing a first packaging layer, and sequentially forming a first solid ionic gel film layer, namely a shielding layer, from bottom to top; a functional area is formed on one side, close to the first solid ionic gel film layer, of the friction film layer; the second solid ionic gel film layer is an electrode layer; a second encapsulation layer; wherein the first solid ionic gel thin film layer and the first packaging layer are exposed out of the functional area. Micro-current is generated through friction between the exposed functional area and the skin, so that an accurate motion posture signal can be obtained through the micro-current; according to the attitude sensor, the shielding layer and the electrode layer are formed on the two sides of the friction film layer respectively, and the packaging layer is formed, so that micro-current can be accurately guided out through the electrode layer, interference caused by environment, contact and the like can be avoided through the shielding layer and the packaging layer, and the problem that an existing attitude sensor is poor in precision is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of flexible electronic wearable technology, and in particular to a self-powered attitude sensor and a preparation method thereof, and an attitude monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, motion posture monitoring is applied to various scenarios. For example, in the field of sports, people often suffer from unsatisfactory training results or even limb injuries due to irregular postures during exercise or sports. Therefore, motion posture monitoring technology can be used to correct the motion posture and avoid limb injuries. For another example, in the field of motion capture, computers generate simulated animations by obtaining various parameters of motion capture actors when they perform related actions. Therefore, it is necessary to use motion posture monitoring technology to obtain various parameters of motion capture actors when they perform.

[0003] At present, the technologies used for sports posture monitoring include visual tracking, physiological signal acquisition, mechanical signal acquisition, etc. Among them, visual tracking technology requires cameras at multiple angles to capture sports movements. The collected image data is very large, the calculation algorithm is complex, and the collected information is easily disturbed by the environment, resulting in poor real-time and accuracy of sports posture monitoring. Physiological signal acquisition technology is mostly used to determine physiological information such as heart rate and breathing, which is easily affected by the body's own state, and the acquisition method usually has a certain impact on the movements of the collected person. In comparison, mechanical signal acquisition technology is usually implemented based on wearable sensor systems. Wearable sensors usually use the electrical signals generated by themselves as sensor inputs, and have the characteristics of rich material selection and self-driving. The single-electrode sensor has the advantages of simple structure and easy manufacturing. Wearable sensors can not only avoid the influence of the environment or the athlete's own state, but also wearable devices will not interfere with sports movements. At the same time, the data volume of mechanical signal acquisition technology is small and the processing rate is fast.

[0004] However, the electrode materials of existing wearable sensing systems are usually not ductile, resulting in poor accuracy in capturing some movements and postures. Moreover, during the contact between the sensor and the skin, accidental touching of non-sensing points will cause sensor signal interference, affecting the stability of the sensor's captured signals. In addition, if the sensor uses liquid electrodes or semi-solid gel electrodes, the overall stability of the sensor will be affected by the process materials and perform poorly. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a self-powered attitude sensor and a preparation method thereof, and an attitude monitoring system to solve the problem of poor accuracy of existing attitude sensors.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a self-powered attitude sensor, comprising: preparing a first encapsulation layer; forming a first solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the first encapsulation layer, wherein the first solid ion gel film layer is a shielding layer; forming a friction film layer on the surface of the first solid ion gel film layer, wherein a functional area is formed on a side of the friction film layer close to the first solid ion gel film layer; forming a second solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the friction film layer, wherein the second solid ion gel film layer is an electrode layer; forming a second encapsulation layer on the surface of the second solid ion gel film layer; Wherein, the first solid ion gel film layer and the first encapsulation layer expose the functional area.

[0007] Optionally, in the method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor, the material of the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer is one of Ecoflex film, PDMS, rubber, hydrogel, and dielectric elastomer.

[0008] Optionally, in the method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor, when the material of the first encapsulation layer is Ecoflex film, the method for preparing the first encapsulation layer includes: Weigh equal amounts of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mix them to obtain an Ecoflex solution; Pour the Ecoflex solution into the sensor mold and remove air bubbles by vacuuming; Dry at 40±5° C. for 60±10 minutes to obtain a first encapsulation layer.

[0009] Optionally, in the preparation method of the self-powered posture sensor, the raw materials for preparing the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer include MXene, H3PO4 and PVA; in the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0~2%, and the mass fraction of the H3PO4 is 5%~30%.

[0010] Optionally, in the method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor, the method for forming the first solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the first packaging layer includes: PVA and distilled water are mixed according to a preset weight ratio, and heated and stirred at 115±5°C for 120±20 minutes until the PVA is completely dissolved to obtain a PVA solution; Evenly mixing the H3PO4 solution and the PVA solution according to a preset weight ratio to obtain a first mixed solution; Mixing MXene and the first mixed solution uniformly according to a preset weight ratio to obtain an ion gel solution; Pour the ion gel solution into the sensor mold formed with the first packaging layer, and lead out the wires; The mixture was dried at 50±5° C. for 5±0.5 hours to obtain a first solid ion gel film layer.

[0011] Optionally, in the preparation method of the self-powered attitude sensor, the raw materials for preparing the friction film layer include MXene and Ecoflex; in the friction film layer, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0~20%.

[0012] Optionally, in the method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor, the method for forming a friction film layer on the surface of the first solid ion gel film layer includes: Weigh equal amounts of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mix them to obtain an Ecoflex solution; Evenly mixing the MXene and the Ecoflex solution in a preset weight ratio to obtain a second mixed solution; pouring the second mixed solution into the sensor mold formed with the first solid ion gel film layer, and vacuuming to remove bubbles; Dry at 40±5°C for 60±10 minutes to obtain a friction film layer.

[0013] Optionally, in the method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor, the method for forming a second solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the friction film layer includes: PVA and distilled water are mixed according to a preset weight ratio, and heated and stirred at 115±5°C for 120±20 minutes until the PVA is completely dissolved to obtain a PVA solution; Evenly mixing the H3PO4 solution and the PVA solution according to a preset weight ratio to obtain a first mixed solution; Mixing MXene and the first mixed solution uniformly according to a preset weight ratio to obtain an ion gel solution; Placing a mask in a sensor mold having the friction film layer formed thereon; Pour the ion gel solution into a sensor mold with a mask plate, and lead out a wire; The mask is taken out and dried at 50±5° C. for 5±0.5 hours to obtain a second solid ion gel film layer.

[0014] Optionally, in the method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor, when the material of the second encapsulation layer is Ecoflex film, the method for forming the second encapsulation layer on the surface of the second solid ion gel film layer includes: Weigh equal amounts of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mix them to obtain an Ecoflex solution; pouring the Ecoflex solution into the sensor mold formed with the second solid ion gel film layer; Dry at 40±5°C for 60±10 minutes to obtain a second encapsulation layer.

[0015] Optionally, in the preparation method of the self-powered attitude sensor, before forming the first solid-state ion gel film layer, the preparation method of the self-powered attitude sensor also includes: performing air plasma cleaning on the first packaging layer, and the discharge power is 45W; and before forming the second solid-state ion gel film layer, the preparation method of the self-powered attitude sensor also includes: performing air plasma cleaning on the friction film layer, and the discharge power is 45W.

[0016] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a self-powered attitude sensor, which is manufactured using the preparation method of the self-powered attitude sensor as described in any of the above items, and the self-powered attitude sensor includes a first packaging layer, a first solid ion gel film layer, a friction film layer, a second solid ion gel film layer and a second packaging layer formed in sequence from bottom to top; a functional area is formed on the side of the friction film layer close to the first solid ion gel film layer; the first solid ion gel film layer and the first packaging layer expose the functional area.

[0017] Optionally, in the self-powered attitude sensor, the weight of the first packaging layer, the first solid ion gel film layer, the second solid ion gel film layer and the second packaging layer are consistent; the material of the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer is consistent; the material of the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer is consistent.

[0018] Optionally, in the self-powered attitude sensor, a functional microstructure is formed on the functional area; the shape of the functional microstructure is pyramidal, hemispherical or conical; and the size of the functional microstructure is 0.1~1mm.

[0019] Optionally, in the self-powered attitude sensor, the material of the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer is one of Ecoflex film, PDMS, rubber, hydrogel, and dielectric elastomer; the thickness of the first packaging layer and the second packaging layer is 80μm~120μm.

[0020] Optionally, in the self-powered attitude sensor, the raw materials for preparing the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer include MXene, H3PO4 and PVA; in the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0~2%, and the mass fraction of the H3PO4 is 5%~30%.

[0021] Optionally, in the self-powered attitude sensor, the raw materials for preparing the friction film layer include MXene and Ecoflex; in the friction film layer, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0~20%.

[0022] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides a posture monitoring system, comprising the self-powered posture sensor as described in any one of the above items.

[0023] Optionally, in the posture monitoring system, the posture monitoring system includes a plurality of the self-powered posture sensors; the plurality of the self-powered posture sensors are arranged in an array; the shielding layers of all the self-powered posture sensors are connected to ground, and the electrode layer of each of the self-powered posture sensors outputs a motion posture electrical signal respectively.

[0024] Optionally, in the posture monitoring system, the posture monitoring system also includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a data display module; the data acquisition module is used to obtain the motion posture electrical signal output by the electrode layer of each of the self-powered posture sensors, and filter and amplify the motion posture electrical signal; the data processing module is used to analyze and process the motion posture electrical signal after filtering and amplification by the data acquisition module based on a convolutional neural network model to generate motion posture information; the data display module is used to display the analysis results of the data processing module in a visual manner.

[0025] The self-powered attitude sensor and its preparation method and attitude monitoring system provided by the present invention include: preparing a first packaging layer; forming a first solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the first packaging layer, the first solid ion gel film layer is a shielding layer; forming a friction film layer on the surface of the first solid ion gel film layer, the friction film layer is formed with a functional area on the side close to the first solid ion gel film layer; forming a second solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the friction film layer, the second solid ion gel film layer is an electrode layer; forming a second packaging layer on the surface of the second solid ion gel film layer; wherein the first solid ion gel film layer and the first packaging layer expose the functional area. Through the exposed functional area in contact with the skin, microcurrent can be generated through friction between the skin, and then accurate motion attitude information can be obtained through the microcurrent; at the same time, by forming a shielding layer and an electrode layer on both sides of the friction film layer, and forming a packaging layer outside, not only can the microcurrent be accurately derived through the electrode layer, but also interference caused by the environment, contact, etc. can be avoided through the shielding layer and the packaging layer, thereby improving the accuracy of the attitude sensor and solving the problem of poor accuracy of the existing attitude sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for preparing a self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor mold provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a sensor mold after a first solid ion gel film layer is formed provided in this embodiment; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the process of placing a mask provided in this embodiment; Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a sensor mold after a second solid ion gel film layer is formed provided in this embodiment; Figure 6 An exploded diagram of the structure of the self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment; Figure 7 A physical picture of the self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment; Figure 8 A structural block diagram of the posture monitoring system provided in this embodiment; Fig. 9 A test result diagram of performance test 1 provided in this embodiment; Fig.10 A test result diagram of performance test 2 provided in this embodiment; Fig.11 A test result diagram of performance test 3 provided in this embodiment; Fig.12 A test result diagram of performance test 4 provided in this embodiment; Fig.13 A test result diagram of performance test 5 provided in this embodiment; Fig.14 A test result diagram of performance test 6 provided in this embodiment; Fig.15 A schematic diagram of electrical signals obtained by the self-powered posture sensor provided in this embodiment under different postures of the human body; Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the accuracy of the motion posture prediction results of the posture monitoring system provided in this embodiment; The descriptions of the reference numerals are as follows: 100-sensor mold; 101-groove; 102-groove surrounding area; 210-first packaging layer; 220-first solid ion gel film layer (shielding layer); 221-shielding wire; 230-friction film layer; 231-functional microstructure; 232-functional area; 240-second solid ion gel film layer (electrode layer); 241-electrode wire; 250-second packaging layer; 300-mask. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The self-powered attitude sensor and its preparation method, and attitude monitoring system proposed in the present invention are further described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the structure shown in the accompanying drawings is often part of the actual structure. In particular, the emphasis that each drawing needs to show is different, and sometimes different proportions are used.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects in order to describe the embodiments of the present invention, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the structures used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0029] In order to better illustrate the implementation scheme of the present application, the relevant terms and abbreviations are explained as follows: Ecoflex: Here refers to Ecoflex 0030, a silicone material with a Young's modulus close to that of human skin and excellent flexibility and stretchability; MXene: A type of two-dimensional inorganic compound composed of transition metal carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides with a thickness of several atomic layers. Due to the presence of hydroxyl groups or terminal oxygen on the surface of MXene materials, they have the metallic conductivity of transition metal carbides. MXene materials provide more channels for the movement of ions, greatly increasing the speed of ion movement. PVA: polyvinyl alcohol; PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane.

[0030] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a self-powered attitude sensor, such as Figure 1 As shown, including: S1, preparing a first encapsulation layer; S2, forming a first solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the first encapsulation layer, wherein the first solid ion gel film layer is a shielding layer; S3, forming a friction film layer on the surface of the first solid ion gel film layer, wherein a functional area is formed on a side of the friction film layer close to the first solid ion gel film layer; S4, forming a second solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the friction film layer, wherein the second solid ion gel film layer is an electrode layer; S5, forming a second encapsulation layer on the surface of the second solid ion gel film layer; Wherein, the first solid ion gel film layer and the first encapsulation layer expose the functional area.

[0031] The method for preparing a self-powered posture sensor provided in this embodiment is such that the prepared self-powered posture sensor contacts the skin through the exposed functional area, can generate microcurrent through friction between the skin, and further can obtain accurate motion posture information through the microcurrent; at the same time, by forming a shielding layer and an electrode layer on both sides of the friction film layer, and forming a packaging layer outside, not only can the microcurrent be accurately derived through the electrode layer, but also interference caused by the environment, contact, etc. can be avoided through the shielding layer and the packaging layer, thereby improving the accuracy of the posture sensor and solving the problem of poor accuracy of existing posture sensors.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, before preparing the first packaging layer in step S1, a sensor mold needs to be prepared. Figure 2As shown, the sensor mold 100 is generally in the shape of an open box, in which a plurality of crisscross grooves 101 are arranged, the grooves 101 are used to form the first packaging layer and the first solid ion gel film layer, and the area 102 surrounded by the grooves is used to form the functional area. In this embodiment, the grooves 101 are distributed in a grid shape, but in actual applications, the grooves 101 can have other design forms, and this application does not limit this.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the material of the first encapsulation layer 210 and the second encapsulation layer 250 is one of Ecoflex film, PDMS, rubber, hydrogel, and dielectric elastomer. In practical applications, in order to save raw materials, reduce the types of raw materials, and thus reduce the complexity of the preparation process, the material of the first encapsulation layer 210 and the second encapsulation layer 250 can be the same.

[0034] In this embodiment, taking the material of the first encapsulation layer 210 as Ecoflex film as an example, step S1, a method for preparing the first encapsulation layer 210 includes: S11, weighing equal masses of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mixing them to obtain an Ecoflex solution.

[0035] S12, pouring the Ecoflex solution into the sensor mold 100, and vacuuming to remove bubbles.

[0036] Specifically, the Ecoflex solution needs to cover the bottom of the groove of the sensor mold and ensure that there is no Ecoflex solution residue in the remaining area, so as to ensure that the first packaging layer 210 of the prepared self-powered attitude sensor is intact and the structure and function of other layers are intact.

[0037] S13 , drying at 40±5° C. for 60±10 minutes to obtain a first encapsulation layer 210 .

[0038] Specifically, the first packaging layer 210 can be completely cured by drying at 40° C. for 1 hour. Of course, in practical applications, the drying temperature and time should be adjusted accordingly for different shapes of the sensor mold 100 and different thicknesses of the first packaging layer 210, which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0039] Of course, when other materials are selected, those skilled in the art can also learn the method of preparing the first encapsulation layer 210 through the above examples and the characteristics of the selected materials, and this application will not go into details.

[0040] Preferably, in order to ensure the bonding strength between the first encapsulation layer 210 and the first solid ion gel film layer 220, in the present embodiment, before forming the first solid ion gel film layer 220, the first encapsulation layer 210 needs to be cleaned by air plasma with a discharge power of 45 W for about 1 minute.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the first solid ion gel film layer 220 and the second solid ion gel film layer 240 include MXene, H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) and PVA; in the first solid ion gel film layer 220 and the second solid ion gel film layer 240, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0-2%, and the mass fraction of the H3PO4 is 5%-30%. Preferably, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the H3PO4 is 20%.

[0042] In practical applications, in order to save raw materials, reduce the types of raw materials, and thus reduce the complexity of the preparation process, the materials of the first solid ion gel film layer 220 and the second solid ion gel film layer 240 can be the same.

[0043] In this embodiment, step S2, the method of forming the first solid ion gel film layer 220 on the surface of the first encapsulation layer 210 includes: S21, mixing PVA and distilled water according to a preset weight ratio, and heating and stirring at 115±5° C. for 120±20 minutes, until the PVA is completely dissolved, to obtain a PVA solution.

[0044] The weight ratio of PVA to distilled water should satisfy the mass fraction of PVA in the first solid ion gel film layer 220. For example, 0.6 g of PVA can be weighed, 5.4 g of distilled water can be added, and the mixture can be stirred and heated at 115° C. for 2 hours to obtain a PVA solution.

[0045] S22, uniformly mixing the H3PO4 solution and the PVA solution according to a preset weight ratio to obtain a first mixed solution.

[0046] The weight ratio of the H3PO4 solution to the PVA solution should satisfy the mass fraction of H3PO4 in the first solid ion gel film layer. Specifically, 1.85 g of 85 wt% phosphoric acid solution and the PVA solution (6 g) cooled and allowed to stand at room temperature in step S21 can be stirred at room temperature for about 4 hours to mix evenly.

[0047] S23, uniformly mixing MXene and the first mixed solution according to a preset weight ratio to obtain an ion gel solution.

[0048] The weight ratio of MXene to the first mixed solution should satisfy the mass fraction of MXene in the first solid ion gel film layer. Specifically, 0.039 g of MXene can be weighed and mixed with the first mixed solution (7.85 g) prepared in step S22, and stirred at room temperature for about 1 hour.

[0049] S24 , pouring the ion gel solution into the sensor mold 100 formed with the first packaging layer 210 , and leading out the wire (shielded wire) 221 .

[0050] Specifically, the ion gel solution needs to fill the groove 101 of the sensor mold 100 (the surface of the ion gel solution is flush with the surface of the groove 101), and ensure that there is no ion gel solution residue in the remaining area, so as to ensure that the first solid ion gel film layer 220 of the prepared self-powered attitude sensor is intact and the structure and function of other layers are intact.

[0051] And, the shielding wire 221 can be led out by placing a metal wire. In practical applications, if the sensor mold 100 is large in volume, that is, the volume of the manufactured self-powered attitude sensor is large, multiple metal wires can be placed in multiple areas of the sensor mold 100 to ensure the shielding function of the manufactured self-powered attitude sensor.

[0052] S25, drying at 50±5°C for 5±0.5 hours to obtain a first solid ion gel film layer 220, i.e., a shielding layer, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0053] Specifically, the first solid ion gel film layer 220 can be completely cured by drying at 50° C. for 5 hours. Of course, in practical applications, the shape of the sensor mold 100 is different, the thickness of the first solid ion gel film layer 220 is different, and the drying temperature and time should also be adjusted accordingly, which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the friction film layer 230 include MXene and Ecoflex; in the friction film layer 230, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0-20%. Preferably, the mass fraction of the MXene is 9%.

[0055] In this embodiment, step S3, the method of forming the friction film layer 230 on the surface of the first solid ion gel film layer 220 includes: S31, weighing equal masses of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mixing them to obtain an Ecoflex solution.

[0056] Specifically, the Ecoflex solution can be prepared according to the preparation method of step S1. According to the weight of the above example, 3.64 g of Ecoflex solution is obtained in this step.

[0057] S32, uniformly mixing MXene and the Ecoflex solution in a preset weight ratio to obtain a second mixed solution.

[0058] The weight ratio of MXene to the Ecoflex solution should satisfy the mass fraction of MXene in the friction film layer 230. Specifically, 0.36 g of MXene can be weighed and mixed with the Ecoflex solution (3.64 g) prepared in step S31 and stirred evenly.

[0059] S33, pouring the second mixed solution into the sensor mold 100 formed with the first solid ion gel film layer 220, and vacuuming to remove bubbles.

[0060] Preferably, in order to increase the contact area between the friction film layer and the skin and better obtain the microcurrent generated by the friction between the friction film layer and the skin surface, thereby improving the sensitivity of the self-powered posture sensor, in this embodiment, the surface of the area 102 surrounded by the groove in the sensor mold 100 is provided with a microstructure, so that after the second mixed solution is poured into the sensor mold 100 formed with the first solid ion gel film layer 220, the friction film layer 230 formed is formed with a functional microstructure 231 on one side of the functional area close to the first solid ion gel film layer 220 (shielding layer); the shape of the functional microstructure 231 can be pyramidal, hemispherical or conical, etc.; the size of the functional microstructure is 0.1~1mm, specifically 0.8mm.

[0061] S34 , drying at 40±5° C. for 60±10 minutes to obtain the friction film layer 230 .

[0062] Specifically, the friction film layer 230 can be completely cured by drying at 40° C. for 1 hour. Of course, in practical applications, the shape of the sensor mold 100 is different, the thickness of the friction film layer 230 is different, and the drying temperature and time should also be adjusted accordingly, which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0063] Preferably, in order to ensure the bonding strength between the second solid ion gel film layer 240 and the friction film layer 230, in this embodiment, before forming the second solid ion gel film layer 240, the friction film layer 230 needs to be cleaned by air plasma with a discharge power of 45 W for about 1 minute.

[0064] Further, taking the example that the material of the second solid ion gel film layer 240 is consistent with the material of the first solid ion gel film layer 220, in this embodiment, step S4, the method of forming the second solid ion gel film layer 240 on the surface of the friction film layer 230 includes: S41, mixing PVA and distilled water according to a preset weight ratio, and heating and stirring at 115±5° C. for 120±20 minutes, until the PVA is completely dissolved, to obtain a PVA solution; S42, uniformly mixing the H3PO4 solution and the PVA solution according to a preset weight ratio to obtain a first mixed solution; S43, uniformly mixing MXene and the first mixed solution according to a preset weight ratio to obtain an ion gel solution.

[0065] In practical applications, steps S41 to S43 may be consistent with steps S21 to S23, and the specific process will not be repeated herein.

[0066] S44 , placing a mask plate 300 in the sensor mold 100 on which the friction film layer 230 is formed.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, electrodes and circuit patterns are designed on the mask plate 300, and the electrodes and circuit patterns can be designed according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0068] S45 , pouring the ion gel solution into the sensor mold 100 with the mask plate 300 placed thereon, and leading out the wires (electrode wires) 241 .

[0069] In this way, after the ion gel solution is poured into the sensor mold 100 with the mask 300, a second solid ion gel film layer 240 having electrodes and circuit patterns can be formed on the friction film layer 230. At the same time, the electrode wire 241 can be used to achieve electrical connection between the second solid ion gel film layer (electrode layer) 240 and other external devices.

[0070] S46 , taking out the mask 300 , and drying it at 50±5° C. for 5±0.5 hours to obtain a second solid ion gel film layer 240 .

[0071] Specifically, the second solid ion gel film layer 240 can be completely cured by drying at 50°C for 5 hours. Of course, in practical applications, the shape of the sensor mold 100 is different, the thickness of the second solid ion gel film layer 240 is different, and the drying temperature and time should also be adjusted accordingly, which will not be described in detail in this application. At this time, the shape of the sensor mold 100 is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0072] Further, taking the example that the material of the second encapsulation layer 250 is consistent with the material of the first encapsulation layer 210, in this embodiment, step S5, the method of forming the second encapsulation layer 250 on the surface of the second solid ion gel film layer 240 includes: S51, weighing equal masses of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mixing them to obtain an Ecoflex solution; S52, pouring the Ecoflex solution into the sensor mold formed with the second solid ion gel film layer; S53, drying at 40±5°C for 60±10 minutes to obtain a second encapsulation layer.

[0073] In practical applications, when the material of the second encapsulation layer 250 is consistent with the material of the first encapsulation layer 210 , the manufacturing process of the second encapsulation layer 250 is also consistent with the manufacturing process of the first encapsulation layer 210 , which will not be described in detail in this application.

[0074] The self-powered posture sensor manufactured in this way can contact the skin through the exposed functional area, generate microcurrent through friction between the skin, and then obtain accurate motion posture information through the microcurrent; at the same time, by forming a shielding layer and an electrode layer on both sides of the friction film layer, and forming a packaging layer, not only can the microcurrent be accurately derived through the electrode layer, but also the interference caused by the environment, contact, etc. can be avoided through the shielding layer and the packaging layer, thereby improving the accuracy of the posture sensor and solving the problem of poor accuracy of existing posture sensors.

[0075] Correspondingly, this embodiment also provides a self-powered attitude sensor, which is manufactured using the above-mentioned method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor, such as Figure 6 As shown, the self-powered attitude sensor includes a first packaging layer 210, a first solid ion gel film layer 220, a friction film layer 230, a second solid ion gel film layer 240 and a second packaging layer 250 formed in sequence from bottom to top; a functional area 232 is formed on one side of the friction film layer 230 close to the first solid ion gel film layer 220; the first solid ion gel film layer 220 and the first packaging layer 210 expose the functional area 232.

[0076] In practical applications, in order to make the self-powered attitude sensor as light as possible, easy to wear, and easy to control the process technology, the weight of the first packaging layer 210, the first solid ion gel film layer 220, the second solid ion gel film layer 240 and the second packaging layer 250 are consistent. In addition, in order to reduce the types of raw materials and reduce the complexity of the process, the materials of the first packaging layer 210 and the second packaging layer 250 are consistent; the materials of the first solid ion gel film layer 220 and the second solid ion gel film layer 240 are consistent.

[0077] Preferably, in order to improve the sensitivity of the self-powered posture sensor, it is necessary to increase the contact area between the friction film layer 230 and the skin per unit area as much as possible. Therefore, in this embodiment, a functional microstructure 231 is formed on the functional area 232 of the friction film layer 230; the shape of the functional microstructure 231 can be pyramidal, hemispherical or conical, etc.; the size of the functional microstructure 231 can be 0.1~1mm.

[0078] In this embodiment, the material of the first encapsulation layer 210 and the second encapsulation layer 250 is one of Ecoflex film, PDMS, rubber, hydrogel, and dielectric elastomer; the thickness of the first encapsulation layer 210 and the second encapsulation layer 250 is 80 μm to 120 μm.

[0079] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the first solid ion gel film layer 220 and the second solid ion gel film layer 240 include MXene, H3PO4 and PVA; in the first solid ion gel film layer 220 and the second solid ion gel film layer 240, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0-2%, and the mass fraction of the H3PO4 is 5%-30%.

[0080] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the friction film layer 230 include MXene and Ecoflex; in the friction film layer 230, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0-20%.

[0081] like Figure 7 , which is a physical picture of the self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment. Figure 7 It can be seen that the self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment is not only very thin, but also extremely flexible, and can be twisted and pulled at any angle, and can be restored to its initial state in the absence of external force.

[0082] The self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment is made of flexible stretchable materials as a whole, has excellent stretchability, and is more in line with human skin. The self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment uses stretchable MXene / H3PO4 / PVA solid ion gel film as the electrode layer and the shielding layer, which has higher stability than other liquid electrodes. The self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment, because the shielding layer is set at the corresponding position of the non-functional area (non-sensing node) of the friction film layer, can effectively avoid the misidentification of non-sensing nodes, while reducing the signal interference caused by the internal high-density wires.

[0083] In addition, this embodiment also provides a posture monitoring system, including the self-powered posture sensor as described above.

[0084] Specifically, the posture monitoring system may include a plurality of the self-powered posture sensors. When the posture monitoring system includes a plurality of the self-powered posture sensors, in order to reduce the complexity of wiring as much as possible and avoid signal transmission errors or omissions caused by wiring problems, in this embodiment, the plurality of the self-powered posture sensors are arranged in an array; the shielding layers of all the self-powered posture sensors are connected to the ground, and the electrode layers of each of the self-powered posture sensors output motion posture electrical signals respectively.

[0085] In practical applications, such as Figure 8 As shown, the posture monitoring system also includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a data display module; the data acquisition module is used to obtain the motion posture electrical signal output by the electrode layer of each of the self-powered posture sensors, and filter and amplify the motion posture electrical signal; the data processing module is used to analyze and process the motion posture electrical signal filtered and amplified by the data acquisition module based on a convolutional neural network model to generate motion posture information; the data display module is used to display the analysis results of the data processing module in a visual manner.

[0086] Specifically, the self-powered posture sensor can rely on other stretchable devices to be worn at the position on the human body where the motion posture electrical signal needs to be obtained, thereby generating frictional electric signals by contacting the skin when the human body moves, and collecting motion information at the corresponding position of the human body.

[0087] Furthermore, the data acquisition module may include a microcontroller, a signal collector, a data transmitter, and a power manager. Except for the power manager, all other components may be integrated on a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). Multiple interfaces may be reserved on the FPCB to facilitate installation, replacement, and upgrading of the self-powered attitude sensor and other hardware facilities.

[0088] Among them, the microcontroller is the core of the whole system, which is used to control signal acquisition (analog-to-digital conversion) and transmission. The input end of the signal collector is connected to the self-powered attitude sensor to receive the weak current signal generated by it, convert it into a voltage signal that can be recognized by the microcontroller, and filter and amplify these signals to obtain a stable and accurate voltage signal. The signal collector usually includes: a current-to-voltage converter, which is used to convert the current signal generated by the self-powered attitude sensor into a voltage signal that can be recognized by the microcontroller; a low-noise amplifier, which is used to amplify the weak sensor array signal; and a signal preprocessing circuit, which is used to filter out noise and other interference signals to ensure the accuracy and stability of the sensor data. The data transmitter is mainly responsible for stably transmitting the processed digital signal to the host computer.

[0089] And, the data processing module can be set in the host computer. The current motion posture is identified by processing and analyzing the sensor data through the built-in convolutional neural network model (CNN model). The CNN model is trained with a large data set and can accurately distinguish a variety of motion postures, such as raising legs, bending over, raising hands, etc.

[0090] And, the data display module can also be set in the host computer. It can present the analysis results to the user in a graphical form, including an animation display that can simultaneously display the movement postures of virtual characters and real scene characters and posture changes, so that the user can intuitively understand whether the movement posture is standard and correct it in time.

[0091] The posture monitoring system provided by this embodiment, wherein the self-powered posture sensor can be portable and worn on the human body, and can obtain accurate microcurrent by friction with the skin; the data acquisition module can amplify and filter the microcurrent, thereby improving the signal accuracy; the data processing module uses a convolutional neural network model to analyze and process the signal, thereby accurately identifying the human body's movement posture; the data display module can display the current judgment result of the human body's movement posture in real time, which is convenient for monitoring and correction of the human body's movement posture.

[0092] The following six embodiments illustrate the performance characteristics of the self-powered attitude sensor manufactured using the preparation method of the self-powered attitude sensor provided by the present application: [Example 1] Preparation method of self-powered attitude sensor: Step 1: Prepare the first encapsulation layer (Ecoflex film): Weigh 1g of Ecoflex A liquid and B liquid respectively, mix them, and stir evenly to prepare Ecoflex solution; Pour 1g of Ecoflex solution into the groove at the bottom of the sensor mold, and dry at 40℃ for 30min to form a film; Step 2: The film prepared in step 1 is treated with air plasma for 1 min at a discharge power of 45 W; Step 3: Prepare MXene / H3PO4 / PVA ion gel solution: weigh 0.6g PVA and place it in a glass bottle, add 5.4g distilled water, and stir and heat at 115°C for 2h; after the PVA is completely dissolved, cool and let stand to room temperature; weigh 1.85g 85wt% phosphoric acid solution and pour it into the above glass bottle, stir at room temperature for 4h to prepare H3PO4 / PVA solution; weigh 0.039g MXene and mix it with the above H3PO4 / PVA solution, and stir for 1h; Step 4: Prepare the first solid ion gel film layer (shielding film): weigh 2 g of the solution prepared in step 3 and pour it into the groove of the sensor mold, lead out the wires, and dry at 50°C for 5 hours; Step 5: Prepare the friction film layer (MXene / Ecoflex film): Prepare 3.64g Ecoflex solution in the same way as step 1, and add 0.36g MXene to mix and stir evenly; pour the prepared solution into the sensor mold, evacuate to remove bubbles, and dry at 40℃ for 1h to form a film; Step 6: The film prepared in step 5 is subjected to air plasma treatment for 1 min at a discharge power of 45 W; Step 7: Prepare the second solid ion gel film layer (electrode film): Place the mask, pour 2g of the MXene / H3PO4 / PVA ion gel solution prepared in step 3 into the sensor mold, where the size of a single electrode film is 2.5cm×2.5cm; after removing the mask, lead out wires for each electrode; Step 8: Encapsulate the device: Prepare 4g of Ecoflex solution in the same way as step 1, pour it into the sensor mold, and dry it at 40℃ for 1h to form a film; Step 9: Remove the mold to obtain a self-powered pure solid-state stretchable sensor array, which can be cut into sensor arrays or independent devices of different sizes according to actual application requirements.

[0093] [Example 2] The first solid ion gel film layer (shielding film) and the second solid ion gel film layer (electrode film) in [Example 1] are changed from MXene / H3PO4 / PVA solid ion gel film layer to H3PO4 / PVA film, that is: Step 3 was changed to: weigh 0.6 g of PVA and place it in a glass bottle, add 5.4 g of distilled water, and stir and heat at 115°C for 2 h; after the PVA is completely dissolved, cool and let stand to room temperature; weigh 1.85 g of 85 wt% phosphoric acid solution and pour it into the above glass bottle, stir at room temperature for 4 h to prepare H3PO4 / PVA solution.

[0094] Everything else remains unchanged.

[0095] [Example 3] The friction film layer in [Example 1] is changed from MXene / Ecoflex film to Ecoflex film, that is: Step 5 is changed to: prepare 4 g of Ecoflex solution in the same manner as step 1; pour the prepared solution into the sensor mold, evacuate to remove bubbles, and dry at 40°C for 1 h to form a film.

[0096] Everything else remains unchanged.

[0097] [Example 4] The friction film layer in [Example 1] is changed from MXene / Ecoflex film to Ecoflex film, and the first solid ion gel film layer (shielding film) and the second solid ion gel film layer (electrode film) in [Example 1] are changed from MXene / H3PO4 / PVA solid ion gel film layer to H3PO4 / PVA film, that is: Step 3 was changed to: weigh 0.6 g of PVA and place it in a glass bottle, add 5.4 g of distilled water, and stir and heat at 115°C for 2 h; after the PVA is completely dissolved, cool and let stand to room temperature; weigh 1.85 g of 85 wt% phosphoric acid solution and pour it into the above glass bottle, stir at room temperature for 4 h to prepare H3PO4 / PVA solution; Step 5 is changed to: prepare 4 g of Ecoflex solution in the same manner as step 1; pour the prepared solution into the sensor mold, evacuate to remove bubbles, and dry at 40°C for 1 h to form a film.

[0098] Everything else remains unchanged.

[0099] [Example 5] Step 1 and step 2 in [Example 1] are omitted, and the rest remain unchanged. That is, in the self-powered attitude sensor prepared, there is no first packaging layer (Ecoflex film) outside the first solid ion gel film layer (shielding film).

[0100] [Example 6] Steps 1 to 4 in [Example 1] are omitted, and the others remain unchanged. That is, in the self-powered attitude sensor prepared, there is no first solid ion gel film layer (shielding film) and first encapsulation layer (Ecoflex film) outside the friction film layer (MXene / Ecoflex film).

[0101]

Performance Test 1

[0102] from Fig. 9It can be seen that in [Example 1] (Gel electrode&Triboelectric), the open circuit voltage of the self-powered attitude sensor in which both the friction film layer and the electrode layer are doped with MXene is 180V; in [Example 2] (Triboelectric), the open circuit voltage of the self-powered attitude sensor in which only the friction layer is doped with MXene is 160V; in [Example 3] (Gelelectrode), the open circuit voltage of the self-powered attitude sensor in which only the electrode layer is doped with MXene is 140V; in [Example 4] (Without MXene), the open circuit voltage of the self-powered attitude sensor in which neither the electrode layer is doped with MXene nor the friction layer is doped with MXene is 110V.

[0103] This shows that incorporating MXene into the electrode layer and the friction layer can significantly increase the open circuit voltage of the sensor.

[0104]

Performance Test 2

[0105] from Fig.10 It can be seen that in the device of [Example 6], when pressure is applied to the non-sensing area i, voltage signals are detected in both channels. At the same time, when pressure is applied to the sensing areas ii / iii respectively, a crosstalk signal can be obviously detected in the other channel. In the devices prepared in [Example 1] and [Example 5], no obvious signal interference was detected when pressure was applied to the non-sensing area i and the sensing areas ii / iii during the test.

[0106] This shows that the setting of the shielding layer can significantly reduce the misidentification of non-sensing nodes and the crosstalk between different channels.

[0107]

Performance Test 3

[0108] from Fig.11 It can be seen that within the range of 10° to 90°, as the bending angle increases, the open circuit voltage of the self-powered attitude sensor gradually increases from 9V to 55V, proving that the self-powered attitude sensor provided in this embodiment can be used for angle sensing.

[0109]

Performance Test 4

[0110] This shows that the self-powered attitude sensor provided by this embodiment has high energy conversion efficiency.

[0111]

Performance Test 5

[0112] like Fig.13 As shown in the figure, as the bending angle of the monitored part of the human body increases from 30° to 90°, the signal output by the self-powered posture sensor is significantly enhanced.

[0113] This shows that the self-powered posture sensor provided in this embodiment can be used for complete posture detection of the human body with high detection accuracy.

[0114]

Performance Test 6

[0115] like Fig.14 As shown, the self-powered posture sensor provided in this embodiment can recognize different postures made by the human body. Fig.15 As shown, under different human postures, the signal combinations obtained by multiple self-powered posture sensors are different, so that various postures can be accurately distinguished.

[0116] In addition, the convolutional neural network is used to analyze and process the electrical signals obtained by the self-powered attitude sensor, and the accuracy of the attitude judgment results is as follows: Fig.16 As shown, it is illustrated that the posture monitoring system provided in this embodiment can achieve a detection accuracy of 97.2% in motion posture.

[0117] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the self-powered posture sensor manufactured by the preparation method of the self-powered posture sensor provided in this embodiment has a higher open circuit voltage, higher energy conversion efficiency, can effectively avoid signal interference, and can be used for angle sensing; the posture monitoring system using the self-powered posture sensor provided in this embodiment has higher real-time and accuracy in human body motion posture detection.

[0118] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. In addition, the different parts between the various embodiments can also be used in combination with each other, and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0119] The self-powered attitude sensor and its preparation method and attitude monitoring system provided in this embodiment include: preparing a first packaging layer; forming a first solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the first packaging layer, the first solid ion gel film layer is a shielding layer; forming a friction film layer on the surface of the first solid ion gel film layer, the friction film layer is formed with a functional area on the side close to the first solid ion gel film layer; forming a second solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the friction film layer, the second solid ion gel film layer is an electrode layer; forming a second packaging layer on the surface of the second solid ion gel film layer; wherein the first solid ion gel film layer and the first packaging layer expose the functional area. Through the exposed functional area in contact with the skin, microcurrent can be generated through friction between the skin, and then accurate motion attitude information can be obtained through the microcurrent; at the same time, by forming a shielding layer and an electrode layer on both sides of the friction film layer, and forming a packaging layer outside, not only can the microcurrent be accurately derived through the electrode layer, but also interference caused by the environment, contact, etc. can be avoided through the shielding layer and the packaging layer, thereby improving the accuracy of the attitude sensor and solving the problem of poor accuracy of the existing attitude sensor.

[0120] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications made by a person skilled in the art in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a self-powered attitude sensor, characterized in that: include: preparing a first encapsulation layer; forming a first solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the first encapsulation layer, wherein the first solid ion gel film layer is a shielding layer; forming a friction film layer on the surface of the first solid ion gel film layer, wherein a functional area is formed on a side of the friction film layer close to the first solid ion gel film layer; forming a second solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the friction film layer, wherein the second solid ion gel film layer is an electrode layer; forming a second encapsulation layer on the surface of the second solid ion gel film layer; Wherein, the first solid ion gel film layer and the first encapsulation layer expose the functional area.

2. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer is one of Ecoflex film, PDMS, rubber, hydrogel, and dielectric elastomer.

3. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the material of the first encapsulation layer is Ecoflex film, the method for preparing the first encapsulation layer includes: Weigh equal amounts of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mix them to obtain an Ecoflex solution; Pour the Ecoflex solution into the sensor mold and remove air bubbles by vacuuming; Dry at 40±5° C. for 60±10 minutes to obtain a first encapsulation layer.

4. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer include MXene, H3PO4 and PVA; in the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0-2%, and the mass fraction of the H3PO4 is 5%-30%.

5. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for forming a first solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the first encapsulation layer comprises: PVA and distilled water are mixed according to a preset weight ratio, and heated and stirred at 115±5°C for 120±20 minutes until the PVA is completely dissolved to obtain a PVA solution; Evenly mixing the H3PO4 solution and the PVA solution according to a preset weight ratio to obtain a first mixed solution; Mixing MXene and the first mixed solution uniformly according to a preset weight ratio to obtain an ion gel solution; Pour the ion gel solution into the sensor mold formed with the first packaging layer, and lead out the wires; The mixture was dried at 50±5° C. for 5±0.5 hours to obtain a first solid ion gel film layer.

6. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the friction film layer include MXene and Ecoflex; in the friction film layer, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0-20%.

7. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for forming a friction film layer on the surface of the first solid ion gel film layer comprises: Weigh equal amounts of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mix them to obtain an Ecoflex solution; Evenly mixing the MXene and the Ecoflex solution in a preset weight ratio to obtain a second mixed solution; pouring the second mixed solution into the sensor mold formed with the first solid ion gel film layer, and vacuuming to remove bubbles; Dry at 40±5°C for 60±10 minutes to obtain a friction film layer.

8. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for forming a second solid ion gel film layer on the surface of the friction film layer comprises: PVA and distilled water are mixed according to a preset weight ratio, and heated and stirred at 115±5°C for 120±20 minutes until the PVA is completely dissolved to obtain a PVA solution; Evenly mixing the H3PO4 solution and the PVA solution according to a preset weight ratio to obtain a first mixed solution; Mixing MXene and the first mixed solution uniformly according to a preset weight ratio to obtain an ion gel solution; Placing a mask in a sensor mold having the friction film layer formed thereon; Pour the ion gel solution into a sensor mold with a mask plate, and lead out a wire; The mask is taken out and dried at 50±5° C. for 5±0.5 hours to obtain a second solid ion gel film layer.

9. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the material of the second encapsulation layer is Ecoflex film, the method for forming the second encapsulation layer on the surface of the second solid ion gel film layer includes: Weigh equal amounts of Ecoflex A solution and B solution and mix them to obtain an Ecoflex solution; pouring the Ecoflex solution into the sensor mold formed with the second solid ion gel film layer; Dry at 40±5°C for 60±10 minutes to obtain a second encapsulation layer.

10. The method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before forming the first solid ion gel film layer, the method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor also includes: performing air plasma cleaning on the first packaging layer, and the discharge power is 45W; and before forming the second solid ion gel film layer, the method for preparing the self-powered attitude sensor also includes: performing air plasma cleaning on the friction film layer, and the discharge power is 45W.

11. A self-powered attitude sensor, manufactured by the method for preparing a self-powered attitude sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The self-powered attitude sensor includes a first packaging layer, a first solid ion gel film layer, a friction film layer, a second solid ion gel film layer and a second packaging layer formed in sequence from bottom to top; a functional area is formed on the side of the friction film layer close to the first solid ion gel film layer; the first solid ion gel film layer and the first packaging layer expose the functional area.

12. The self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 11, characterized in that: The weights of the first encapsulation layer, the first solid ion gel film layer, the second solid ion gel film layer and the second encapsulation layer are consistent; the materials of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are consistent; and the materials of the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer are consistent.

13. The self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 11, characterized in that: A functional microstructure is formed on the functional area; the shape of the functional microstructure is pyramidal, hemispherical or conical; the size of the functional microstructure is 0.1-1 mm.

14. The self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 11, characterized in that: The material of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer is one of Ecoflex film, PDMS, rubber, hydrogel, and dielectric elastomer; the thickness of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer is 80 μm to 120 μm.

15. The self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 11, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer include MXene, H3PO4 and PVA; in the first solid ion gel film layer and the second solid ion gel film layer, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0-2%, and the mass fraction of the H3PO4 is 5%-30%.

16. The self-powered attitude sensor according to claim 11, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the friction film layer include MXene and Ecoflex; in the friction film layer, the mass fraction of the MXene is 0-20%.

17. A posture monitoring system, characterized in that: Comprising a self-powered attitude sensor as described in any one of claims 11 to 16.

18. The posture monitoring system according to claim 17, characterized in that: The posture monitoring system comprises a plurality of the self-powered posture sensors; the plurality of the self-powered posture sensors are arranged in an array; the shielding layers of all the self-powered posture sensors are connected to the ground, and the electrode layer of each of the self-powered posture sensors outputs a motion posture electrical signal respectively.

19. The posture monitoring system according to claim 17, characterized in that: The posture monitoring system also includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a data display module; the data acquisition module is used to obtain the motion posture electrical signal output by the electrode layer of each of the self-powered posture sensors, and filter and amplify the motion posture electrical signal; the data processing module is used to analyze and process the motion posture electrical signal filtered and amplified by the data acquisition module based on a convolutional neural network model to generate motion posture information; the data display module is used to display the analysis results of the data processing module in a visual manner.

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