Strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field generating device based on irradiation method and test method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of strong electromagnetic pulse simulation and electromagnetic compatibility testing, and provides a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field generating device and a testing method based on an irradiation method. The device generates an electromagnetic pulse signal through an electromagnetic pulse source module, adjusts the intensity and couples sampling through a protection module, and converts the electromagnetic pulse signal into spatial radiation electromagnetic waves through an irradiation module; feedback electric signals in a test area are collected through a spatial radiation field monitoring module, field strength inversion calculation and equivalence verification are carried out through a data processing and verification unit, and thus the strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field which is adjustable, monitorable and verifiable can be formed in a laboratory environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of strong electromagnetic pulse simulation and electromagnetic compatibility testing technology, and in particular to a device and testing method for generating equivalent radiation fields of strong electromagnetic pulses based on the irradiation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing integration of microelectronics and integrated circuits, electronic devices are becoming significantly more sensitive to electromagnetic environments. Strong electromagnetic pulses can couple into a system through either the "front door" (antenna, sensor) or the "back door" (cable, gap), causing hardware damage or logic errors. Therefore, accurately reproducing the strong electromagnetic pulse radiation environment in the laboratory is a crucial prerequisite for evaluating the protective effectiveness of the tested equipment and verifying the effectiveness of protective measures.

[0003] Currently, the main technical methods for testing strong electromagnetic pulse effects include:

[0004] 1) Large-scale direct radiation simulation: This technology primarily employs large radiation towers or transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) simulators to create an equivalent electromagnetic radiation environment for the device under test. Its advantage lies in its ability to simulate a near-realistic free-field irradiation environment, resulting in good test equivalence. However, such systems are physically enormous, have high construction and maintenance costs, and are typically deployed in specific field areas, making them difficult to deploy flexibly in ordinary laboratories. Furthermore, large, open environments are susceptible to external electromagnetic background interference, and high-voltage discharge operations pose certain risks.

[0005] 2) Conducted Injection Equivalent Test: This technique injects signals into a cable via a coupling network. Its advantages include ease of operation, high safety, low cost, and ease of implementation in a laboratory environment. Its limitation is that wired-feed methods cannot simulate the physical process of electromagnetic waves propagating in space and irradiating the test object. On the one hand, it ignores the antenna effect and scattering characteristics of the device under test in the radiation field; on the other hand, it cannot test the actual irradiation and coupling state of electromagnetic pulses entering the device through gaps or holes in the device's chassis. This deficiency means that the conducted injection method cannot accurately reflect the survivability of the device under test in complex irradiation environments, resulting in insufficient confidence in system-level radiation effect testing.

[0006] Therefore, in order to achieve real, effective and low-cost strong electromagnetic pulse testing, there is an urgent need for an irradiation testing platform that can be built in a conventional laboratory environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present application provides a device and testing method for generating equivalent radiation fields of strong electromagnetic pulses based on the irradiation method, so as to solve the problems of high cost and high risk of large-scale facilities and insufficient equivalence of injection method in the existing strong electromagnetic pulse effect testing technology.

[0008] A first aspect of this application provides a device for generating an equivalent radiation field of a strong electromagnetic pulse based on irradiation, comprising a control and acquisition module, an electromagnetic pulse source module, a protection module, an irradiation module, a space radiation field monitoring module, and a data processing and verification unit. The electromagnetic pulse source module generates electromagnetic pulse signals. The protection module is connected to the electromagnetic pulse source module and is used to adjust the output intensity of the electromagnetic pulse signals and perform coupled sampling on the electromagnetic pulse signals. The irradiation module is connected to the protection module and is used to convert the adjusted electromagnetic pulse signals into space radiation electromagnetic wave signals. The space radiation field monitoring module is connected to the irradiation module and includes at least an electric field detection unit deployed in the test area. The electric field detection unit is used to capture space radiation electromagnetic wave signals within the test area and convert them into feedback electrical signals. The control and acquisition module is connected to the electromagnetic pulse source module and is used to control the different electromagnetic pulse signals generated by the electromagnetic pulse source module. The control and acquisition module is also connected to the protection module and is used to receive coupled sampling signals. The control and acquisition module is also connected to the space radiation field monitoring module and is used to receive feedback electrical signals. The data processing and verification unit is connected to the control and acquisition module and is used to perform field strength inversion calculations based on the coupled sampling signals and the feedback electrical signals, and to verify the calculation results.

[0009] A second aspect of this application provides a method for generating and testing a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation, comprising: a control and acquisition module generating a parameter adjustment command based on preset requirements and sending the parameter adjustment command to an electromagnetic pulse source module; the electromagnetic pulse source module generating an electromagnetic pulse signal that meets the preset requirements based on the parameter adjustment command; a protection module adjusting the output intensity of the electromagnetic pulse signal and performing coupled sampling on the electromagnetic pulse signal; an irradiation module converting the adjusted electromagnetic pulse signal into a space radiation electromagnetic wave signal; a space radiation field monitoring module capturing the space radiation electromagnetic wave signal within the test area and converting it into a feedback electrical signal; the control and acquisition module receiving the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal and transmitting the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal to a data processing and verification unit; and the data processing and verification unit performing field strength inversion calculation based on the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal and verifying the calculation results.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment compared with the prior art are as follows: This application embodiment generates a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field in a conventional laboratory environment through the coordinated configuration of a modular electromagnetic pulse source, protection module, irradiation module and space radiation field monitoring module, and uses coupled sampling signal and feedback electrical signal to perform field strength inversion and equivalence verification, thereby reducing the construction and maintenance cost of the test platform and improving the test safety, repeatability and reliability of the results. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for generating an equivalent radiation field of a strong electromagnetic pulse based on irradiation, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electromagnetic pulse source module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protection module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an irradiation module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a space radiation field monitoring module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the logic architecture of the strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field generation device based on the irradiation method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for generating and testing the equivalent radiation field of a strong electromagnetic pulse based on irradiation, provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0020] The following will describe in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a device and testing method for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on the irradiation method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] As mentioned above, existing strong electromagnetic pulse (ESP) effect testing technologies suffer from high costs and risks associated with large-scale facilities, and the injection method lacks sufficient equivalence. Specifically, related technologies face the following main technical bottlenecks when constructing strong EMP radiation testing environments:

[0022] 1) Poor deployment flexibility and high cost: It relies heavily on large fixed radiation simulation facilities, which are usually large in size, have long construction cycles and expensive maintenance costs. Due to the lack of modular integrated design, it is difficult to deploy flexibly and relocate quickly in conventional laboratory environments (such as microwave anechoic chambers and shielded rooms).

[0023] 2) Insufficient precision and poor repeatability of test parameters: Existing devices lack the ability to finely control pulse repetition frequency, pulse width, waveform envelope and output power; and the external test environment is easily affected by random external factors such as complex weather, background electromagnetic noise and multipath reflection effect, which affects the consistency of the test environment and the repeatability of the results.

[0024] 3) Difficulties in calibrating and verifying strong pulsed fields: Existing methods mostly focus on monitoring the output power at the radiation source end, lacking real-time and accurate calibration methods for the spatial uniformity and power density distribution of transient pulsed electromagnetic fields within the measured space. Traditional active field strength meters are prone to nonlinear saturation responses or even hardware burnout under strong pulsed irradiation, and their dynamic response speed cannot capture the time-domain characteristics of nanosecond-level rising pulses, resulting in a lack of reliable data support for verifying the equivalence of the radiation field.

[0025] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a device for generating an equivalent radiation field of a strong electromagnetic pulse based on irradiation. This device is a physical testing platform integrating signal generation, directional radiation, and space radiation field monitoring and control, with each module capable of compact interconnection and collaborative operation. This platform significantly reduces construction and maintenance costs while enabling flexible deployment and efficient collaboration of the testing device in controlled laboratory environments such as anechoic chambers and shielded rooms.

[0026] Furthermore, the strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field generation device based on the irradiation method provided in this application realizes multi-dimensional parameter modulation of the pulse source (including repetition rate, pulse width, etc.) through the central control module, and realizes linear quantitative adjustment of output power by combining a high-power adjustable attenuator; at the same time, the laboratory shielding environment effectively avoids interference from external electromagnetic background and multipath effects, ensuring high stability and high repeatability of the test environment.

[0027] Furthermore, the strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field generating device based on the irradiation method provided in this application embodiment introduces a three-dimensionally movable field detection unit to construct a space radiation field monitoring link. This link can not only accurately calibrate the spatial uniformity and waveform of the radiation field, but also assist in correcting the radiation output parameters based on the detection data, ensuring that the pulse field generated in the laboratory is highly equivalent to the preset target field.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for generating an equivalent radiation field of a strong electromagnetic pulse based on irradiation, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a control and acquisition module, an electromagnetic pulse source module, a protection module, an irradiation module, a space radiation field monitoring module, and a data processing and verification unit.

[0029] The modules work together through control links, sampling links, and irradiation links to complete the generation, intensity adjustment, space radiation, field strength monitoring, and verification processing of electromagnetic pulse signals.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, the electromagnetic pulse source module is used to generate electromagnetic pulse signals. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the electromagnetic pulse source module may include a high-voltage pulse generation unit and a parameter control interface. The parameter control interface is used to receive parameter adjustment commands sent by the control and acquisition module; the high-voltage pulse generation unit is used to adjust the electromagnetic pulse signal parameters based on the parameter adjustment commands to generate an electromagnetic pulse signal that meets preset requirements.

[0031] The electromagnetic pulse signal parameters include at least one of peak voltage and trigger timing; the preset requirements include at least one of preset amplitude, preset pulse width and preset repetition frequency.

[0032] In other words, the electromagnetic pulse source module, as the energy output terminal of the entire test system, can be configured to generate high-power electromagnetic pulse signals that meet preset requirements for amplitude, pulse width, and repetition frequency. This module may include a high-voltage pulse generation unit (such as a solid-state pulse power source) and a parameter control interface, supporting dynamic adjustment of the peak voltage and trigger timing of the output pulse via external commands to simulate electromagnetic threat sources of varying intensities.

[0033] In some implementations, the electromagnetic pulse source module may employ a solid-state pulse generator, a pulse forming network based on switching transistors (such as thyristors, metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, or MOSFETs), a solid-state amplifier, a traveling wave tube amplifier, or a klystron amplifier, depending on the waveform requirements; alternatively, a pulse power source based on a Marx generator may be used as the electromagnetic energy supply.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, the protection module is connected to the electromagnetic pulse source module to adjust the output intensity of the electromagnetic pulse signal and to perform coupled sampling of the electromagnetic pulse signal.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the protection module may include a fixed attenuator and a coupling sampling unit. The fixed attenuator is used to adjust the output strength of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the coupling sampling unit is used to couple and sample the electromagnetic pulse signal. The coupled sampled signal is a small-scale signal of the electromagnetic pulse signal.

[0036] The protection module also includes a circulator or isolator for absorbing reflected signals from the irradiation module.

[0037] In other words, the protection module is used to quantitatively adjust the input power. It can use a high-power fixed attenuator to quantitatively adjust the output energy of the electromagnetic pulse source module; it can also use a circulator or isolator to absorb reflected waves from the radiating end, preventing high-power echoes from damaging the pulse source in the electromagnetic pulse source module; and it can extract a small proportion of the signal through the directional coupler in the coupling sampling unit and send it to the control and acquisition module. Here, "small proportion" means that the ratio of the extracted signal to the electromagnetic pulse signal generated by the electromagnetic pulse source module is less than a preset threshold.

[0038] The electromagnetic pulse source module and the protection module can be electrically connected via a signal transmission module, which is used to achieve low-loss transmission of the electromagnetic pulse signal. In some examples, the protection module can be integrated into the signal transmission module. Power regulation can be achieved through a combination of a directional coupler and a power load, or through a power control unit composed of an integrated electronically controlled step attenuator and a variable gain amplifier.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the irradiation module is connected to the protection module and is used to convert the adjusted electromagnetic pulse signal into a space-radiated electromagnetic wave signal. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the irradiation module may include a broadband radiating antenna and a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical adjustment bracket to support adjustments to the radiation direction and polarization. The broadband radiating antenna may be, for example, a TEM horn antenna, a dipole antenna, a biconical antenna, or other forms of broadband or narrowband radiating antenna, and in addition to a single antenna, an antenna array architecture may also be used.

[0040] like Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the space radiation field monitoring module is connected to the irradiation module and includes at least an electric field detection unit deployed in the test area. The electric field detection unit is used to capture space radiation electromagnetic wave signals within the test area and convert them into feedback electrical signals. Furthermore, the space radiation field monitoring module may also include an image acquisition unit, used to acquire image information of the device under test, the electric field detection unit, and the irradiation module within the test area, in order to confirm the position and orientation of the device under test and the electric field detection unit, record the irradiation process, and identify abnormal states during the test.

[0041] In some implementations, the electric field detection unit, in addition to the receiving antenna, can be replaced with differential sensors such as D-dot probes and B-dot probes. When performing space sampling, the space radiation field monitoring module can drive a three-dimensional precision displacement platform via a control module to move a single probe, or it can employ a fixed multi-probe array to achieve synchronous multi-point signal acquisition, thereby improving calibration efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the control and acquisition module is connected to the electromagnetic pulse source module to control the different electromagnetic pulse signals generated by the electromagnetic pulse source module; the control and acquisition module is also connected to the protection module to receive the coupled sampling signal; the control and acquisition module is also connected to the space radiation field monitoring module to receive the feedback electrical signal.

[0043] In other words, the control and acquisition module is configured to control the transmission timing of the pulse source module, adjust the attenuation of the module, and synchronously drive a high sampling rate digital oscilloscope to record the signal returned by the monitoring module in real time.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, the data processing and verification unit is connected to the control and acquisition module, and is used to perform field strength inversion calculation based on the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal, and to verify the calculation results. Alternatively, the data processing and verification unit may also be configured to directly read the probe voltage signal with a known field strength conversion coefficient for field strength quantization.

[0045] In other words, the data processing and verification unit can be configured to perform field strength inversion calculations based on the collected raw data, combined with probe coefficients and path loss. This data processing and verification unit is responsible for analyzing the spatial uniformity and parameter stability within the test area, determining whether the current field environment meets the equivalent test requirements, and defining the effective test space range.

[0046] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field is generated in a conventional laboratory environment through the coordinated configuration of a modular electromagnetic pulse source, a protection module, an irradiation module and a space radiation field monitoring module. The field strength inversion and equivalence verification are performed using coupled sampling signals and feedback electrical signals, thereby reducing the construction and maintenance costs of the test platform and improving the test safety, repeatability and reliability of the results.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, the data processing and verification unit calculates the electric field strength within the test area through field strength inversion. Furthermore, the data processing and verification unit performs equivalence verification between the target field and the measured field within the test area based on the electric field strength within the test area, and determines the effective spatial range based on the verification results. The equivalence verification includes verification of the spatial uniformity of the radiation field and verification of the spatial consistency of the radiation field; the test area is a planar region perpendicular to the radiation direction.

[0048] The field strength inversion calculation can be achieved using a power density inversion mechanism. This power density inversion mechanism can include... ;in, The field strength obtained from the inversion. The peak power within the pulse collected by the electric field detection unit. This represents the effective area of ​​the probe in the electric field detection unit. For free space wave impedance, ohm( ).

[0049] The spatial homogeneity of the radiation field can be verified in the following ways:

[0050] Set within the test area One measurement point; Each measurement point covers the center and edge areas of the test area. It is a positive integer;

[0051] exist The electric field amplitude was measured M times at each measurement point using an electric field detection unit. ;in, For measurement point serial numbers, The number of times the measurement is repeated. , , It is a positive integer;

[0052] Calculate the relative deviation at each measurement point ;in, For the first Measurement points The average of the electric field amplitudes obtained from the measurements;

[0053] Calculate the variance of the average electric field strength at all measurement points;

[0054] In response to the determination that the relative deviation of all measurement points is less than the preset deviation threshold, and the variance of the average field strength of all measurement points is less than or equal to the preset variance threshold, the spatial uniformity of the radiation field is verified.

[0055] The spatial consistency of the radiation field can be verified in the following ways:

[0056] Calculate the root mean square error of the electric field in the test area. ;in, For the first Preset target field strength at each measurement point;

[0057] In response to the determination that the mean square error of the electric field is less than or equal to the preset mean square error threshold, the spatial consistency of the radiation field is verified.

[0058] in, and The value can be set according to actual needs. In one example, it can be set to... , .

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, determining the effective spatial range based on the verification results may include:

[0060] In response to the successful verification of both the spatial uniformity and spatial consistency of the radiation field, the coverage area of ​​the pulsed radiation field generated by the current test results is taken as the effective spatial range.

[0061] If at least one of the verifications of spatial uniformity and spatial consistency of the radiation field fails, the test parameters are adjusted and the test is repeated. The field strength inversion is then recalculated based on the coupled sampling signal and feedback electrical signal obtained from the retest, until the calculation results determine that both the verifications of spatial uniformity and spatial consistency of the radiation field have passed.

[0062] The test parameters include at least one of the following: the orientation of the irradiation module, the preset requirements for generating parameter adjustment instructions, and the attenuation parameters of the protection module; the electromagnetic pulse source module updates the electromagnetic pulse signal parameters based on the adjusted preset requirements; and the protection module adjusts the output intensity of the electromagnetic pulse signal based on the attenuation parameters.

[0063] In some implementations, the verification dimensions can be extended from electric field strength to magnetic field strength, power flux density, and specific polarization components. In this case, the data processing and verification unit can pre-set field distribution correlation coefficients, inhomogeneities, or judgment logic modules conforming to specific standards (such as International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards). Simultaneously, the device can also integrate a spectrum analysis module for real-time monitoring of the match between the power spectral density of the radiation field and the target spectrum.

[0064] The control system of this device can adopt a centralized industrial control computer or a distributed hardware architecture in which the upper computer schedules and the lower computer (such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or embedded controller) executes the data; the data verification function can be implemented by dedicated signal processing hardware (such as a digital signal processing (DSP) board or hardware accelerator).

[0065] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the logic architecture of the strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field generation device based on the irradiation method provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the logical architecture may include the following steps: modular device platform construction, radiation field calibration and parameter optimization, equivalence verification and effective area determination, and environmental benchmark report output.

[0066] The modular device platform construction logic includes building a platform comprising a control and acquisition module, an electromagnetic pulse source module, a protection module, an irradiation module, a space radiation field monitoring module, and a data processing and verification unit. This constructs a complete physical test link covering signal generation, space radiation, and terminal monitoring. The device can be deployed in a microwave anechoic chamber or shielded laboratory environment, utilizing the microwave absorption environment to suppress multipath effects. The device employs a highly integrated, modular, and collaborative hardware system to generate a spatially tunable and reproducible strong electromagnetic pulse radiation field within the laboratory.

[0067] In the radiation field calibration and parameter optimization logic steps, data acquisition can be completed by multi-point sampling through the space radiation field monitoring link, and the current measured field strength distribution can be obtained by the power inversion algorithm of the data processing unit. The platform parameters are adjusted in a targeted manner by comparing and matching the measured data with the target parameters to correct the radiation output and achieve auxiliary optimization and amplitude correction.

[0068] In the equivalence verification and effective area determination logic steps, the device can quantitatively evaluate the spatial uniformity and parameter stability of the radiation field based on the calibrated data. After successful verification, the system automatically defines the effective space test range, i.e., the physical space that meets the equivalence requirements. Then, in the environmental baseline report output logic step, it outputs a report of quantitative parameters such as electric field strength and uniformity within this area, providing an accurate environmental baseline for the device under test.

[0069] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for generating and testing the equivalent radiation field of a strong electromagnetic pulse based on irradiation, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0070] In step S701, the control and acquisition module generates parameter adjustment instructions based on preset requirements and sends the parameter adjustment instructions to the electromagnetic pulse source module.

[0071] In step S702, the electromagnetic pulse source module generates an electromagnetic pulse signal that meets preset requirements based on parameter adjustment instructions.

[0072] In step S703, the protection module adjusts the output strength of the electromagnetic pulse signal and performs coupled sampling on the electromagnetic pulse signal.

[0073] In step S704, the irradiation module converts the adjusted electromagnetic pulse signal into a space-radiated electromagnetic wave signal.

[0074] In step S705, the space radiation field monitoring module captures the space radiation electromagnetic wave signal within the test area and converts it into a feedback electrical signal.

[0075] In step S706, the control and acquisition module receives the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal, and transmits the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal to the data processing and verification unit.

[0076] In step S707, the data processing and verification unit performs field strength inversion calculation based on the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal, and verifies the calculation results.

[0077] In some embodiments of this application, the method can be performed by the above-described strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field generating device based on the irradiation method.

[0078] In some implementations, the process can begin first within a shielded laboratory, according to... Figure 1The structure shown connects the various modules to form a complete device. The target field parameters to be simulated in this test (such as center field strength and pulse waveform) are set through the control and acquisition module. Based on this, the output parameters of the electromagnetic pulse source module and the initial attenuation of the attenuator in the protection module are initially configured. Simultaneously, the probe in the space radiation field monitoring module can be placed at a predetermined initial position in the test area.

[0079] Next, the radiation field strength can be measured and calibrated to determine the spatial distribution characteristics of the actual radiation field generated by the measuring device. In this step, the test system is connected to a probe to detect and calibrate the equivalent spatial electromagnetic field environment generated by the device. Since the tested area in the experimental environment is usually located in the non-far-field region (near-field or transition region) of the radiating antenna, its electromagnetic field distribution does not possess planar wave characteristics, and the field strength varies drastically with distance and axial offset, making it impossible to directly calculate using far-field theoretical formulas. Therefore, to ensure the stability and equivalence of the spatial electromagnetic field, and to accurately calibrate the electric field distribution gradient and uniformity within the tested area, it is necessary to perform multi-point, multiple sampling of the tested area.

[0080] For conventional electric field strength measurement, a field strength meter can be used for monitoring; however, for electromagnetic pulses, due to the limitations of the field strength meter in terms of tolerance and response speed, the embodiments of this application use a probe antenna to collect spatial power and calculate the power density and equivalent electric field strength through power inversion, thereby expanding the applicability of the measurement method.

[0081] Specifically, during the spatial sampling measurement phase, a plan can be laid out within the test area (usually a plane perpendicular to the radiation direction). There are 10 measurement points, covering the central and peripheral areas. The specific value can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be set to... .

[0082] The dimensions of the plane corresponding to the test area can be determined based on the windward projection area of ​​the Equipment Under Test (EUT); the sampling interval is determined based on the wavelength of the operating frequency; the distance between the test plane and the opening of the radiating antenna is set according to the target field strength requirements and antenna gain characteristics to ensure that the test area covers the entire irradiated surface of the EUT.

[0083] The field probe can be positioned sequentially at each measurement point by controlling a mechanical displacement platform or manually. For multi-point sampling verification, the measured plane is selected... There are 10 measurement points, covering the central and edge areas. Each measurement point measures... The amplitude of the secondary electric field is calculated, and the relative deviation at each measurement point is calculated. The variance of the average electric field strength at all measurement points and the mean variance of the electric field in the test area.

[0084] When the relative deviation of all measurement points is less than the preset deviation threshold, and the variance of the average field strength of all measurement points is less than or equal to the preset variance threshold, the uniformity and repeatability of the radiation field are deemed to meet the requirements; when the mean square error of the electric field in the test area is less than or equal to the preset mean square error threshold, the spatial consistency of the radiation field is deemed to have passed the verification.

[0085] During the signal transmission and acquisition phase, the control device can transmit a corresponding pulse signal for each measurement point. The control and acquisition module synchronously triggers and records the multiple response signal waveforms acquired by the field probe at that point.

[0086] In the field strength inversion calculation stage, the spatial electric field generated by the electromagnetic pulse can be calibrated. Traditional field strength meters have two limitations in electromagnetic pulse environments: first, most field strength meters obtain the spatial electric field strength through integration, which can only reflect the average electric field value and is not suitable for measuring transient pulse signals; second, the internal components of the field strength meter have high sensitivity, which limits the upper limit of the measurable field strength, making it difficult to work in high-intensity irradiation environments. To overcome the quantization limitations of traditional field strength meters in strong pulse environments, this device adopts a power density inversion mechanism to achieve reliable spatial electromagnetic pulse field calibration, providing an accurate basis for subsequent radiation resistance performance testing and evaluation.

[0087] Finally, radiation field equivalence analysis and verification can be performed. Based on calibration measurement data, quantitative verification can be made to determine whether the radiation field generated in a non-far-field controlled environment meets the preset equivalence requirements.

[0088] The specific verification methods for the spatial uniformity and spatial consistency of the radiation field are described above and will not be repeated here.

[0089] The verification results can be displayed through a human-machine interface or automatically generated in a report. If the verification fails, the control process can prompt the operator or the control and acquisition module can automatically perform auxiliary parameter optimization, including adjusting the orientation of the radiation module, pulse source parameters, or attenuation parameters of the protection module, and re-perform the calibration measurement cycle until the equivalence verification is passed.

[0090] The irradiation-based strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field generation device and testing method provided in this application, through its modular, laboratory-grade device architecture design, eliminates the reliance on large fixed radiation fields or open test sites. The modules are interconnected via standard interfaces, enabling rapid deployment and flexible configuration within conventional shielded anechoic chambers, significantly reducing the environmental setup threshold and maintenance costs for strong electromagnetic pulse testing.

[0091] The device integrates a programmable pulse source, a protection module, and a control computer, enabling precise mapping and physical reproduction of key parameters such as radiation field intensity, waveform, and pulse repetition frequency. This highly integrated control chain ensures consistency of test conditions across different batches, providing hardware assurance for the comparability of effect assessments.

[0092] By integrating a data processing unit based on power inversion logic, this device effectively solves the shortcomings of traditional field strength meters, such as slow response speed and susceptibility to overload damage in strong pulse environments. Unlike traditional methods that can only measure power within transmission lines, this device, through the collaboration of the probe and the inversion algorithm unit, achieves accurate quantitative characterization of transient radiation fields in free space, ensuring objective verification of the equivalence of the radiation field.

[0093] The device achieves an operational mode where the displacement platform is automatically positioned by a control computer, multi-point synchronous triggering data acquisition is implemented, and the data processing unit automatically performs equivalence verification. Automated sampling and data processing logic reduces random errors caused by manual intervention, significantly improving testing efficiency and system operational safety.

[0094] Meanwhile, the device is not dependent on a specific test object; its core function is to construct a "standardized radiation field" with well-defined physical parameters and uniform spatial distribution. This device can serve as a general-purpose basic physics testing platform, providing a reliable, unified, and effective spatial testing range benchmark for testing the radiation effects of different types of electronic equipment, protective materials, or complex systems under strong electromagnetic pulses.

[0095] The shielding laboratory in this application embodiment can be any one of a fully anechoic chamber, a semi-anechoic chamber, a shielded cabin, a shielded room, or a local shielding box with electromagnetic isolation function.

[0096] All of the above-mentioned optional technical solutions can be combined in any way to form the optional embodiments of this application, and will not be described in detail here.

[0097] The following are embodiments of the apparatus described in this application, which can be used to execute the embodiments of the method described in this application. For details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments of this application, please refer to the embodiments of the method described in this application.

[0098] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0099] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation, characterized in that, It includes a control and acquisition module, an electromagnetic pulse source module, a protection module, an irradiation module, a space radiation field monitoring module, and a data processing and verification unit; The electromagnetic pulse source module is used to generate electromagnetic pulse signals; The protection module is connected to the electromagnetic pulse source module and is used to adjust the output strength of the electromagnetic pulse signal and to perform coupled sampling on the electromagnetic pulse signal. The irradiation module is connected to the protection module and is used to convert the adjusted electromagnetic pulse signal into a space radiated electromagnetic wave signal. The space radiation field monitoring module is connected to the irradiation module and includes at least an electric field detection unit deployed in the test area; The electric field detection unit is used to capture spatial radiated electromagnetic wave signals within the test area and convert them into feedback electrical signals. The control and acquisition module is connected to the electromagnetic pulse source module and is used to control the different electromagnetic pulse signals generated by the electromagnetic pulse source module; the control and acquisition module is also connected to the protection module and is used to receive the coupled sampling signal; the control and acquisition module is also connected to the space radiation field monitoring module and is used to receive the feedback electrical signal. The data processing and verification unit is connected to the control and acquisition module and is used to perform field strength inversion calculation based on the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal, and to verify the calculation results.

2. The device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic pulse source module includes a high-voltage pulse generation unit and a parameter control interface; The parameter control interface is used to receive parameter adjustment commands sent by the control and acquisition module; The high-voltage pulse generating unit is used to adjust the electromagnetic pulse signal parameters based on the parameter adjustment command in order to generate an electromagnetic pulse signal that meets the preset requirements. The electromagnetic pulse signal parameters include at least one of peak voltage and trigger timing. The preset requirements include at least one of preset amplitude, preset pulse width, and preset repetition frequency.

3. The device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection module includes a fixed attenuator and a coupling sampling unit; the fixed attenuator is used to adjust the output strength of the electromagnetic pulse signal, and the coupling sampling unit is used to couple and sample the electromagnetic pulse signal; wherein, the coupled sampling signal is a small-scale signal of the electromagnetic pulse signal; The protection module also includes a circulator or isolator; the circulator or isolator is used to absorb reflected signals from the irradiation module.

4. The device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irradiation module includes a broadband radiating antenna and a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical adjustment bracket; The space radiation field monitoring module also includes an image acquisition unit, which is used to acquire image information of the test equipment, electric field detection unit and irradiation module within the test area, so as to confirm the position and orientation of the test equipment and electric field detection unit, record the irradiation process and identify abnormal states during the test.

5. The device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing and verification unit calculates the electric field strength within the test area through field strength inversion; Furthermore, the data processing and verification unit performs equivalence verification between the target field and the measured field in the test area based on the electric field intensity within the test area; the equivalence verification includes verification of the spatial uniformity of the radiation field and verification of the spatial consistency of the radiation field; the test area is a planar region perpendicular to the radiation direction; The effective spatial range is determined based on the verification results.

6. The device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The field strength inversion calculation is implemented using a power density inversion mechanism; The power density inversion mechanism includes ;in, The field strength obtained from the inversion. The peak power within the pulse collected by the electric field detection unit. This represents the effective area of ​​the probe in the electric field detection unit. This is the free-space wave impedance.

7. The device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spatial homogeneity of the radiation field is verified in the following way: Set within the test area The measurement points; Each measurement point covers the center and edge areas of the test area. It is a positive integer; In the The electric field amplitude was measured M times at each measurement point using the electric field detection unit. ;in, For measurement point serial numbers, The number of times the measurement is repeated. , , It is a positive integer; Calculate the relative deviation at each measurement point ;in, For the first Measurement points The average of the electric field amplitudes obtained from the measurements; Calculate the variance of the average electric field strength at all measurement points; In response to the determination that the relative deviation of all measurement points is less than the preset deviation threshold, and the variance of the average field strength of all measurement points is less than or equal to the preset variance threshold, the spatial uniformity of the radiation field is verified.

8. The device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The spatial consistency of the radiation field is verified using the following method: Calculate the root mean square error of the electric field in the test area. ;in, For the first Preset target field strength at each measurement point; In response to determining that the mean square error of the electric field is less than or equal to a preset mean square error threshold, the spatial consistency of the radiation field is verified.

9. The device for generating a strong electromagnetic pulse equivalent radiation field based on irradiation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The effective spatial range is determined based on the verification results, including: In response to the successful verification of both the spatial uniformity and spatial consistency of the radiation field, the coverage area of ​​the pulsed radiation field generated by the current test results is taken as the effective spatial range. If at least one of the verifications of spatial uniformity and spatial consistency of the radiation field fails, the test parameters are adjusted and the test is repeated. The field strength inversion is then recalculated based on the coupled sampling signal and feedback electrical signal obtained from the retest, until the calculation results determine that both the verifications of spatial uniformity and spatial consistency of the radiation field have passed. The test parameters include at least one of the following: the orientation of the irradiation module, the preset requirements for generating parameter adjustment instructions, and the attenuation parameters of the protection module; the electromagnetic pulse source module updates the electromagnetic pulse signal parameters based on the adjusted preset requirements; and the protection module adjusts the output intensity of the electromagnetic pulse signal based on the attenuation parameters.

10. A method for generating and testing the equivalent radiation field of a strong electromagnetic pulse based on irradiation, characterized in that, The method is performed by the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The method includes: The control and acquisition module generates parameter adjustment instructions based on preset requirements and sends the parameter adjustment instructions to the electromagnetic pulse source module; The electromagnetic pulse source module generates an electromagnetic pulse signal that meets the preset requirements based on the parameter adjustment command. The protection module adjusts the output strength of the electromagnetic pulse signal and performs coupled sampling on the electromagnetic pulse signal; The irradiation module converts the adjusted electromagnetic pulse signal into a space-radiated electromagnetic wave signal; The space radiation field monitoring module captures space radiation electromagnetic wave signals within the test area and converts them into feedback electrical signals. The control and acquisition module receives the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal, and transmits the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal to the data processing and verification unit; The data processing and verification unit performs field strength inversion calculations based on the coupled sampling signal and the feedback electrical signal, and verifies the calculation results.

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