Tunnel arc vault using I-shaped steel
By using special I-shaped steel and wooden formwork to build a staggered joint structure, combined with mesh brackets and wedge blocks, the problems of high construction cost and difficult installation in open-cut tunnels are solved, and the arc-shaped arched arch of the tunnel is realized low-cost and efficient construction.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420671968.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-02
AI Technical Summary
The construction cost of straight wall vaults in existing open-cut tunnels is high and difficult to install, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of open-cut tunnels with large sections and high loads.
Special I-shaped steel and wooden formwork are used to replace the steel formwork, and are fixed by staggered joints and bolts, combined with mesh brackets and wedge blocks to form a flexible tunnel arc vault structure, reducing material and construction costs.
The tunnel arc vault design with simple construction, low cost and flexible materials is realized, which solves the problems of high cost and difficult installation of steel formwork, and improves construction efficiency and material utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN222140117U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel arc vault using I-beams. Background Art
[0002] Currently, most of the open-cut tunnels built are straight-walled and flat-topped, which are easy to construct and low-cost. With the continuous development of highways, large-section open-cut tunnels are becoming more and more common, which puts forward new requirements for the stress structure of the tunnel roof.
[0003] The straight-wall vault tunnel has better structural stress resistance and has obvious advantages in open-cut tunnels with large cross-sections and high loads. However, the vaults in open-cut vault tunnels often use customized steel formwork, which is costly, difficult to install and dismantle, and difficult to turn around. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the problems existing in the background technology, the utility model provides a tunnel arc vault using I-beams, which uses special I-beams and wooden formworks instead of steel formworks, thereby reducing construction costs.
[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
[0006] A tunnel arc vault using I-beams comprises a bracket, a top support, the I-beams, a wooden formwork, a secondary rib and a wedge-shaped block. The secondary rib is fixed to the outer periphery of the I-beams. The tunnel arc vault is provided with the wooden formwork, the secondary rib and the I-beams in sequence from the outside to the inside. The I-beams are arranged in sequence according to the curvature of the vault. Connecting ports are opened on both sides of the I-beams. Bolts penetrate the connecting ports of adjacent I-beams and are fixed. A grid-type bracket is fixed inside the tunnel arc vault. A top support is fixed on the top of the bracket. The top of the top support abuts against the bottom of the I-beam.
[0007] Furthermore, the wooden formwork at the edge of the tunnel arc-shaped vault is fixed with a tie rod; the wooden formwork on the side wall of the tunnel is provided with a tension screw, one end of the tension screw is fixed to the outer wall of the wooden formwork, and the other end of the tension screw is fixed to the inner wall of the I-beam.
[0008] Furthermore, inclined rods are provided on both sides of the curved vault of the tunnel.
[0009] Furthermore, a wedge block is clamped between the I-beam and the top support.
[0010] Furthermore, wooden planks are fixed to the side walls of the secondary ribs, and the tops of the wooden planks are fixed to the wooden templates.
[0011] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0012] 1. The utility model uses special I-beams and wooden formworks instead of steel-wood formworks, thus reducing construction costs.
[0013] 2. The utility model uses nailing to fix the wooden formwork, which solves the problem of warping of non-standard wooden formwork, so that the wooden formwork can also be used for the bottom formwork of the arch, reducing the material cost and the difficulty of installing and removing the wooden formwork.
[0014] 3. The utility model completes the transformation by shaping and punching the I-beam, without the need to customize the steel mold. The utility model is simple in construction, convenient in installation and disassembly, flexible in erection, and low in manufacturing cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle A area;
[0017] Figure 3 It is a side view of the curved vault;
[0018] Figure 4 This is a top view of the curved vault;
[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the jacking support.
[0020] The reference numerals in the figure represent:
[0021] 1. Pull rod; 2. Tension screw; 3. Bracket; 4. Diagonal rod; 5. Top support; 6. I-beam; 7. Connection port; 8. Bolt; 9. Wooden formwork; 10. Secondary rib; 11. Wooden square; 12. Wedge block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the tunnel arc vault using I-beam 6 of this embodiment includes a bracket 3, a top support 5, I-beam 6, a wooden formwork 9, a secondary rib 10 and a wedge block 12. The secondary rib 10 is fixed to the outer periphery of the I-beam 6. The tunnel arc vault is sequentially provided with wooden formwork 9, secondary rib 10 and I-beam 6 from outside to inside. The I-beam 6 is sequentially arranged according to the curvature of the vault. Connecting ports 7 are opened on both sides of the I-beam 6. Bolts 8 penetrate the connecting ports 7 of adjacent I-beams 6 and are fixed; a grid-type bracket 3 is fixed inside the tunnel arc vault, a top support 5 is fixed on the top of the bracket 3, and the top of the top support 5 is in contact with the bottom of the I-beam 6.
[0024] The I-beam 6 is made by standardization, and its curvature is consistent with the curvature of the arch. During the shaping process of the I-beam 6, the curvature of the staggered seams is consistent, and the connection ports 7 are staggered and aligned. During installation, the I-beam 6 is placed with staggered seams and tightened with bolts 8. Before erecting the I-beam 6, the extension of the top support 5 is adjusted to control the contour curvature of the arch. In the arch formwork system, the main ribs use double rows of I-beams 6, and the I-beams 6 are erected on the top support 5 in sequence according to their curvatures. Each I-beam 6 is provided with four rows of connection ports 7, and the I-beams 6 are overlapped with staggered seams and locked with bolts 8. The secondary ribs 10 can choose square steel pipes or channel steels with higher strength. The secondary ribs 10 and the I-beam 6 are connected by binding in the gentle curvature section, and the secondary ribs 10 and the I-beam 6 are connected by welding in the large curvature section.
[0025] Furthermore, a tie rod 1 is fixed to the wooden formwork 9 at the edge of the tunnel arc-shaped vault; a tension screw 2 is provided on the wooden formwork 9 of the tunnel side wall, one end of the tension screw 2 is fixed to the outer wall of the wooden formwork 9, and the other end of the tension screw 2 is fixed to the inner wall of the I-beam 6.
[0026] The top formwork of the arch edge adopts a tie rod 1 to fix the wooden formwork 9, and the tie rod 1 is connected to the arch steel bar by welding.
[0027] Furthermore, inclined rods 4 are provided on both sides of the tunnel arc-shaped vault.
[0028] The two sides of the arc-shaped arch need to bear the lateral pressure load generated by concrete pouring. Horizontal braces and diagonal rods are added here to enhance the reliability of the formwork system.
[0029] Furthermore, a wedge block 12 is clamped between the I-beam 6 and the top support 5 .
[0030] A wedge block 12 is added between the I-beam 6 and the top support 5 to ensure the stability of the I-beam 6 on the top support 5. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the arch formwork system, the wedge block 12 is installed when the I-beam 6 bears a certain load to avoid the wedge block 12 wedging too deep, causing the I-beam 6 to separate from the top support 5 and only rely on the wedge block 12 to transfer the load; or the wedge block 12 is not wedged enough and cannot be effectively self-locked. In construction, the wedge block 12 is usually added after the arch reinforcement is tied. At this time, the I-beam 6 bears a certain load. When installing the wedge block 12, it is ensured that it can effectively fill the gap between the I-beam 6 and the top support 5.
[0031] Furthermore, a wooden square 11 is fixed to the side wall of the secondary rib 10 , and the top of the wooden square 11 is fixed to the wooden template 9 .
[0032] The spacing of the wooden square 11 is based on the size of the wooden template 9. The wooden template 9 is selected from wooden templates with high bending strength, and the wooden template 9 and the wooden square 11 of the secondary rib 10 layer are nailed with steel nails to ensure that the wooden template 9 is installed firmly and does not warp.
[0033] The method of using the utility model is:
[0034] During the shaping process of the I-beam 6, the curvature of the staggered seams is consistent, and the staggered seams of the connection ports 7 are aligned. During installation, the I-beam 6 is placed with staggered seams and tightened with bolts 8. Before erecting the I-beam 6, the extension of the top support 5 is adjusted to control the contour curvature of the arch. In the arch formwork system, the main ribs use double rows of I-beams 6, and the I-beams 6 are erected on the top support 5 in sequence according to their curvatures. Each I-beam 6 is provided with four rows of connection ports 7, and the I-beams 6 are overlapped with staggered seams and locked with bolts 8. The secondary ribs 10 can be made of square steel pipes or channel steels with higher strength. The secondary ribs 10 and the I-beam 6 are connected by binding in the gentle curvature section, and the secondary ribs 10 and the I-beam 6 are connected by welding in the large curvature section. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the arch formwork system, the wedge block 12 is installed when the I-beam 6 is under a certain load, so as to avoid the wedge block 12 being wedged too deep, causing the I-beam 6 to be separated from the top support 5, and only relying on the wedge block 12 to transfer the load; or the wedge block 12 is not wedged enough and cannot be effectively self-locked. In construction, the wedge block 12 is usually added after the arch reinforcement is tied. At this time, the I-beam 6 is under a certain load. When installing the wedge block 12, it is sufficient to ensure that it can effectively fill the gap between the I-beam 6 and the top support 5.
[0035] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A tunnel arc vault using I-beams, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bracket (3), a top support (5), an I-beam (6), a wood formwork (9), a secondary rib (10) and a wedge block (12); the secondary rib (10) is fixed to the outer periphery of the I-beam (6); the tunnel arc-shaped arch is provided with the wood formwork (9), the secondary rib (10) and the I-beam (6) in sequence from the outside to the inside; the I-beam (6) is arranged in sequence according to the curvature of the arch; connecting openings (7) are provided on both sides of the I-beam (6); bolts (8) penetrate through the connecting openings (7) of adjacent I-beams (6) and are fixed; a grid-type bracket (3) is fixed inside the tunnel arc-shaped arch; a top support (5) is fixed to the top of the bracket (3); the top of the top support (5) is abutted against the bottom of the I-beam (6).
2. The tunnel arc vault using I-beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tie rod (1) is fixed to the wooden formwork (9) at the edge of the tunnel arc-shaped vault; a tie screw (2) is provided on the wooden formwork (9) at the side wall of the tunnel, one end of the tie screw (2) is fixed to the outer wall of the wooden formwork (9), and the other end of the tie screw (2) is fixed to the inner wall of the I-beam (6).
3. The tunnel arc vault using I-beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Inclined rods (4) are arranged on both sides of the tunnel arc-shaped vault.
4. The tunnel arc vault using I-beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wedge block (12) is clamped between the I-beam (6) and the top support (5).
5. The tunnel arc vault using I-beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wooden square (11) is fixed to the side wall of the secondary rib (10), and the top of the wooden square (11) is fixed to the wooden template (9).