Pre-constrained block laminated slab

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pre-constrained block laminated slab. The pre-constrained block laminated slab comprises a pre-constrained block prefabricated slab, slab cast-in-place concrete and cast-in-place layer steel bars, the pre-constraint block prefabricated slab comprises a pre-constraint block, prefabricated concrete and prefabricated layer steel bars. The pre-constraint block material comprises a block material and a constraint cage; the pre-constraint block material is arranged between the cast-in-place layer reinforcing steel bars and the prefabricated layer reinforcing steel bars; the pre-constraint block is located between the prefabricated layer reinforcing mesh and the cast-in-place layer reinforcing mesh. Cast-in-place layer steel bars are laid on the lower portion and the upper portion of the pre-constraint block prefabricated slab; the plate cast-in-place concrete covers the cast-in-place layer steel bars and the pre-constraint block prefabricated plates. According to the utility model, the pre-constraint block concrete is formed by the built-in block of the constraint cage and the precast concrete, so that the excessive crushing of the block is reduced, and the energy consumption and pollution are reduced; the combined action of the block and the prefabricated concrete is enhanced, and the bearing capacity and ductility of the pre-restrained block laminated slab are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of structures, in particular to a pre-constrained block composite plate. Background Art

[0002] In construction projects, structural panels are an important part of building structures. Structural panels often use reinforced concrete panels, which are composed of concrete and steel bars. This requires a large amount of stone, sand, and cement materials. According to statistics, construction stone in my country accounts for nearly 1 / 2 of the mass of concrete, and its use is widespread in many industries such as construction, transportation, and railways. It is estimated that the annual amount of stone used in construction in the country is about more than 4 billion tons, which is the material that consumes the most natural resources. At present, natural sand and gravel that meet the requirements of reinforced concrete structures can no longer meet the needs of engineering. In actual engineering, a large amount of machine-made sand and machine-made stone are used. Usually, natural stones are processed by vibrating feeders, jaw crushers, sand making machines, vibrating screens, and belt conveyors. Equipment such as conveyors are used to crush natural stones into small-sized gravel or sand. This process requires high consumption of electricity, transportation, and labor, and produces a lot of dust. This puts great pressure on our resources and environment. How to reduce the use of cement, small-sized sand, and stone in structural panels is of great significance to my country's engineering construction and energy conservation and environmental protection. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a pre-constrained block composite board, which solves the problem of excessive cement, small-size sand and stone in the structural board, and solves the problem of coordinated force between the block, steel bar and precast concrete. The utility model effectively reduces the amount of cement, small-size sand and stone, reduces hydration heat and dust by pre-constraining blocks built into the structural board; improves the connection and force between the block and precast concrete by the constraint cage, and realizes the mechanical properties of the board. This technology has the advantages of reliable performance, simple structure, fast construction and green environmental protection.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A pre-constrained block composite slab comprises a pre-constrained block precast slab, cast-in-place concrete and cast-in-place steel bars; the pre-constrained block precast slab comprises pre-constrained blocks, pre-concrete and pre-constructed steel bars; the pre-constrained blocks comprise blocks and a constraint cage; the constraint cage comprises a cage frame and constraint cage holes; the constraint cage is a constraint bar cage or a mesh cage; the constraint cage is closed at the ends; the pre-constrained blocks are located between the pre-constructed steel mesh and the cast-in-place steel mesh; the pre-constrained block precast slab is at the bottom and the cast-in-place steel bars are laid on top; the cast-in-place concrete covers the cast-in-place steel bars and the pre-constrained block precast slab.

[0006] Preferably, the block is built into the constraint cage; precast concrete and slab cast-in-place concrete fill the gap in the pre-constrained block; precast concrete and slab cast-in-place concrete fill the gap between the pre-constrained block and the precast layer steel bars and the cast-in-place layer steel bars; precast concrete or slab cast-in-place concrete is present at the holes of the constraint cage, so that the precast concrete in the constraint cage and the precast concrete outside the constraint cage are connected as one, and the slab cast-in-place concrete in the constraint cage and the slab cast-in-place concrete outside the constraint cage are connected as one; the size of the constraint cage hole is smaller than the size of the block at that location.

[0007] Preferably, the cage frame includes a side wall frame and an end closure member; the end closure member is formed by extending the side wall frame or is a dedicated end closure member; the dedicated end closure member is connected to the side wall frame as a whole; and the block material is at a certain distance from the end of the precast concrete.

[0008] Preferably, the cage frame of the restraining rib cage is composed of restraining ribs; the restraining ribs are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; and the cage frame of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-constrained blocks are exposed from the upper surface of the precast concrete; the distance between the blocks and the lower surface of the pre-constrained block precast slab is not less than 10% of the slab height; and the precast layer steel bars extend out of the precast concrete.

[0010] Preferably, the cage has a plurality of sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain blocks of materials.

[0011] Preferably, the pre-constrained blocks are arranged along the main force direction of the plate; and the restraint cage is placed horizontally.

[0012] Preferably, the prefabricated layer steel bars include non-prestressed steel bars and prestressed steel bars; the prestressed steel bars are located between the pre-constrained blocks and are wrapped by prefabricated concrete.

[0013] Preferably, the pre-constrained block composite slab has a steel truss; the steel truss is arranged parallel to the pre-constrained block, and the steel truss is exposed from the upper surface of the precast concrete.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following characteristics and beneficial effects.

[0015] 1. By pre-constraining the blocks of the board, the contact area of ​​the blocks is reduced, so that the precast concrete can fully fill the gaps between the blocks and form a pre-constrained block precast board with the pre-constrained blocks, effectively reducing quality defects, improving construction quality, and ensuring structural safety.

[0016] 2. Improve the strength and ductility of the combination of block materials and precast concrete by using the restraint cage inside the slab and controlling the contact area of ​​the block materials.

[0017] 3. By setting up blocks inside the board, the amount of cement and sand and gravel can be reduced, the hydration heat of large-volume boards can be reduced during construction, and energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved.

[0018] 4. The pre-constraint cages and blocks of the board can be pre-processed in whole or in part, with high construction efficiency and short construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a plan view of a pre-constrained block composite slab.

[0021] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-constrained block laminate.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the pre-constrained block 9.

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a pre-constrained block 9 with a spacer 7 Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram 2 of the pre-constrained block 9 with the spacer 7.

[0025] FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-constrained block laminate having a plurality of pre-constrained blocks 9 .

[0026] FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-constrained block composite slab with a steel truss.

[0027] Figure numbers: 1-block, 2-restraint cage, 3-precast concrete, 4-restraint reinforcement, 4.1-vertical reinforcement, 4.2-transverse reinforcement, 4.3-diagonal reinforcement, 5-precast layer reinforcement, 7-block spacer, 9-pre-restraint block, 10-cast-in-place layer reinforcement, 11-cast-in-place concrete of slab, 12-rebar truss, A-pre-restraint block precast slab. Specific embodiments

[0028] In order to better understand the purpose, technical solution and function of the utility model, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it is to be understood that the terms "include / comprise", "consist of..." or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed when necessary, or also includes elements inherent to such product, device, process or method. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentences "include / comprise..." and "consist of..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product, device, process or method including the elements.

[0030] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "fixed connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a sleeve connection, a lap joint, a welding connection, a bolt connection, or a combination of the above connections; the terms "installation", "connection", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components; the term "through-length steel bar" means that the steel bar is continuous without disconnection, or the steel bar is disconnected but the disconnected steel bars are fixedly connected. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] It should also be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] The following is a detailed description of the implementation of the present invention using preferred implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown in FIG. 2, a pre-constrained block composite slab includes a pre-constrained block prefabricated slab A, a slab cast-in-place concrete 11, and a cast-in-place layer steel bar 10; the pre-constrained block prefabricated slab A includes a pre-constrained block 9, precast concrete 3, and a precast layer steel bar 5; the pre-constrained block 9 includes a block 1 and a constraint cage 2; the constraint cage 2 includes a cage frame 2.1 and a constraint cage hole 2.2; the constraint cage 2 is a constraint bar cage or a grid cage; the constraint cage 2 is closed at the end; the pre-constrained block 9 is between the cast-in-place layer steel bar 10 and the precast layer steel bar 5; the precast layer steel bar 5 includes a pre-constrained The precast layer transverse steel bars and the precast layer longitudinal steel bars are arranged at intervals to form a precast layer steel mesh; the cast-in-place layer steel bars 10 include the cast-in-place layer transverse steel bars and the cast-in-place layer longitudinal steel bars, and the cast-in-place layer transverse steel bars and the cast-in-place layer longitudinal steel bars are arranged at intervals to form a cast-in-place layer steel mesh; the pre-constrained block material 9 is located between the precast layer steel mesh and the cast-in-place layer steel mesh; the pre-constrained block material precast plate A is at the bottom, and the cast-in-place layer steel bars 10 are laid on the top; the cast-in-place concrete 11 covers the cast-in-place layer steel bars 10 and the pre-constrained block material precast plate A.

[0034] Since the utility model adopts a block material 1 with a larger particle size in the pre-constrained block composite board, compared with the common prefabricated composite board, the amount of cement and small-particle sand and gravel in the board can be effectively reduced, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. When the sand and gravel in the board adopts artificial graded sand and gravel, the pre-constrained block composite board can further reduce the high energy consumption and high dust caused by artificial graded sand and gravel.

[0035] Due to the presence of block material 1, the shrinkage creep of the pre-constrained block composite slab is smaller than that of ordinary prefabricated composite slabs, thus avoiding the defect that ordinary concrete is prone to cracks during large-volume construction. Block material 1 can greatly reduce the amount of cement used and reduce the hydration heat during construction. For large-volume concrete, the hydration heat will cause concrete cracking, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of concrete and a reduction in the service life of the slab components. For pre-constrained block composite slabs, the hydration heat can be reduced, and block material 1 can effectively absorb the hydration heat generated by the surrounding concrete, reduce the temperature difference with the surrounding area, and effectively avoid the hydration heat generated by the temperature difference.

[0036] The pre-constrained block composite slab constrains the block 1 in the cage and the precast concrete and cast-in-place concrete in the constraint cage through the constraint cage 2 in the slab, thereby improving the strength and ductility of the combination of the block 1 and the precast concrete and cast-in-place concrete in the constraint cage, and forming a block concrete with a constraint effect; the constraint cage 2 simultaneously connects the concrete in the constraint cage and the concrete outside the constraint cage, and there is concrete at the constraint cage hole 2.2, so that the concrete in the constraint cage 2 and the concrete outside the constraint cage 2 are connected as one; the constraint cage 2 increases the reinforcement content of the pre-constrained block composite slab, and as a block concrete with a constraint effect, it bears the corresponding force, thereby realizing that the precast concrete and the cast-in-place concrete are subjected to force together with the constraint cage 2 and the steel bars, and realizing the overall mechanical properties of the pre-constrained block composite slab.

[0037] Moreover, during construction, the block material 1 is placed in the constraint cage 2 to form a pre-constrained block material 9, and multiple blocks can be hoisted and transported at one time, thereby improving construction efficiency; the constraint cage 2 can control the contact mode, contact area and shape of the block material 1 during construction, so that the concrete can effectively fill the gaps between the blocks 1, effectively reduce quality defects, improve construction quality, and achieve structural safety.

[0038] The block material 1 is built into the restraint cage 2; the precast concrete 3 and the slab cast-in-place concrete 11 fill the gap in the pre-restraint block material 9; the precast concrete 3 and the slab cast-in-place concrete 11 fill the gap between the pre-restraint block material 9 and the precast layer steel bars 5 and the cast-in-place layer steel bars 10; there is precast concrete 3 or slab cast-in-place concrete 11 at the restraint cage hole 2.2, so that the precast concrete 3 in the restraint cage 2 and the precast concrete 3 outside the restraint cage 2 are connected as a whole, so that the slab cast-in-place concrete 11 in the restraint cage 2 and the restraint cage 2 outside The plate is connected as a whole with cast-in-place concrete 11; the size of the constraint cage hole 2.2 is smaller than the size of the block 1 at that location; the cage frame 2.1 can fix the position of the block 1, and the end closure 2.1.2 can close the cage frame 2.1 to prevent the block 1 from falling off from the end; the end closure 2.1.2 is formed by extending the side wall frame 2.1.1, and the two are integrated, which is beneficial to improving the strength and ductility of the pre-constrained block 9; the dedicated end closure 2.1.2 and the side wall frame 2.1.1 are combined for easy production.

[0039] In the utility model, Figure 3 As shown, the cage 2.1 includes a side wall frame 2.1.1 and an end closure 2.1.2; the end closure 2.1.2 is formed by extending the side wall frame 2.1.1 or is a dedicated end closure 2.1.2; the dedicated end closure 2.1.2 is connected to the side wall frame 2.1.1 as a whole; the block 1 includes a stone, a reinforced concrete block or a concrete block, or a cement mortar block; the block 1 is at a certain distance from the end of the precast concrete 3, and the distance is not less than 10 mm.

[0040] The block material 1 can be a stone, a reinforced concrete block, a concrete block or a cement mortar block, an old reinforced concrete block or an old concrete block; the block material 1 is located in the middle of the board, has little effect on the mechanical properties of the board, and can be recycled.

[0041] Precast concrete 3 includes high-flow concrete, fiber concrete, organic precast concrete and ultra-high performance concrete HEPA, etc.

[0042] Precast concrete 3 is high-flow concrete, which includes self-compacting concrete and high-flow concrete. High-flow concrete requires sufficient powder content, and the coarse aggregate can be 5-15mm or 5-25mm in particle size. High-flow concrete is more conducive to filling the gaps between blocks and ensuring the overall compactness of the pre-constrained block composite slab.

[0043] Block 1 does not react chemically with concrete to reduce strength or durability; the surface of block 1 is rough; the rough surface of block 1 is tightly bonded to concrete. The particle size of the block is 60mm to 400mm (small block, including 400mm), which can be used for boards of various thicknesses; 400mm to 800mm (medium block, including 800mm), which is used for boards with a thickness greater than 500mm. Reasonable configuration of blocks of different particle sizes and boards of corresponding cross sections is conducive to improving the bearing capacity of the board.

[0044] The mud content of the block is less than 0.7%, and it is not allowed to be concentrated in a few areas. The difference between the block particle size and the average block particle size is not more than 30% of the average particle size. The small difference in block particle size makes it easier to control the contact mode between blocks or reduce their contact area.

[0045] The restraint cage 2 is a restraint rib cage or a mesh cage.

[0046] In the utility model, Figure 3 As shown, the restraint cage 2 is a restraint rib cage, and the cage frame 2.1 of the restraint rib cage is composed of restraint ribs 4; the restraint ribs 4 are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; the cage frame 2.1 of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes; the restraint ribs 4 of the restraint rib cage include vertical ribs 4.1, transverse ribs 4.2 and / or oblique ribs 4.3; the end closures 2.1.2 of the restraint rib cage are formed by fixed connection or bending of the vertical ribs 4.1 or the oblique ribs 4.3 at the ends or are independent end closures 2.1.2; the independent end closures 2.1.2 are fixedly connected to the vertical ribs 4.1 or the oblique ribs 4.3; the fixed connection method is bolting, welding or binding connection.

[0047] The shape of the restraining cage 2 can be cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, etc.

[0048] The distribution spacing of the restraining ribs 4 at the lower part of the restraining cage 2 is smaller than the distribution spacing at the upper part of the restraining cage 2; the grid size formed by the longitudinal ribs 4.1 and the transverse ribs 4.2 is smaller than the size of the block placed at the grid, preventing the block 1 from falling off.

[0049] The pre-constrained block material 9 is exposed from the upper surface of the precast concrete 3; the distance between the block material 1 and the lower surface of the pre-constrained block material precast plate A is not less than 10% of the plate height; the precast layer steel bars 5 extend out of the precast concrete 3. The pre-constrained block material 9 is exposed from the upper surface of the precast concrete 3, spanning the bonding surface of the precast layer and the cast-in-place layer, which can improve the bonding performance of the bonding surface of the precast layer and the cast-in-place layer; and improve the rigidity of the pre-constrained block material composite plate.

[0050] The cage 2.1 is made of steel, and the strength of the steel is not less than 300Mpa; the volume ratio of the block 1 to the restraining cage 2 is 5% to 85%; the volume ratio of the block 1 to the precast concrete 3 is 5% to 300%; the volume ratio of the cage 2.1 to the restraining cage 2 is 0.02% to 3%. This can improve the strength and ductility of the pre-restrained block composite plate.

[0051] In the utility model, Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the cage 2.1 has multiple sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain blocks 1. The sub-spaces are formed by the cage 2.1 being divided by block spacers 7 or external restraints or welds or restraint ribs 4; or the lateral connectors are hooped together by external restraint ribs to form multiple sub-spaces.

[0052] The multiple sub-spaces divide the block material into multiple parts, which can increase the bonding strength and ductility between the block material 1 and the precast concrete 3 and facilitate production and transportation.

[0053] The block spacer 7 is composed of a steel mesh or a perforated steel plate, and is fixedly connected to the side wall frame 2.1.1; the gaps in the steel mesh are smaller than the size of the block 1; the hole size of the perforated steel plate is smaller than the size of the block 1; the block spacer 7 is arranged longitudinally and / or transversely and / or vertically.

[0054] In the present invention, as shown in FIG6 , there are multiple pre-constrained blocks 9 ; the pre-constrained blocks 9 are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal and / or transverse directions of the board; and the restraint cage 2 is placed horizontally. Multiple pre-constrained blocks 9 can reduce the amount of precast concrete 3 .

[0055] The pre-constrained block 9 is usually arranged parallel to the force direction to avoid the force transmission path being cut off, thereby achieving its mechanical properties.

[0056] The clearance of the pre-constrained blocks 9 is not less than 0.30 times the cross-sectional diameter of the pre-constrained blocks 9 , so that the precast concrete 3 and the pre-constrained blocks 9 are closely combined.

[0057] The prefabricated layer steel bars 5 include non-prestressed steel bars and prestressed steel bars; the prestressed steel bars are located between the pre-constrained blocks 9 and are wrapped by the prefabricated concrete 3 .

[0058] In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7 , the pre-constrained block composite plate has a steel truss 12 ; the steel truss 12 is arranged parallel to the pre-constrained block 9 , and the steel truss 12 is exposed on the upper surface of the precast concrete 3 , further improving its rigidity and the bonding performance between the precast layer and the cast-in-place layer.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-constrained block laminate, characterized in that: The pre-constrained block composite slab comprises a pre-constrained block precast slab (A), slab cast-in-place concrete (11), and cast-in-place layer steel bars (10); the pre-constrained block precast slab (A) comprises a pre-constrained block (9), precast concrete (3), and precast layer steel bars (5); the pre-constrained block (9) comprises a block (1) and a constraint cage (2); the constraint cage (2) comprises a cage frame (2.1) and constraint cage holes (2.2); the constraint cage (2) is a constraint bar cage or a mesh cage; the constraint cage (2) is closed at the end; the pre-constrained block (9) is located between the pre-constrained layer steel mesh and the cast-in-place layer steel mesh; the pre-constrained block precast slab (A) is at the bottom, and the cast-in-place layer steel bars (10) are laid on the top; the slab cast-in-place concrete (11) covers the cast-in-place layer steel bars (10) and the pre-constrained block precast slab (A).

2. The pre-constrained block laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The block material (1) is built into the restraint cage (2); the precast concrete (3) and the slab cast-in-place concrete (11) fill the gap in the precast block material (9); the precast concrete (3) and the slab cast-in-place concrete (11) fill the gap between the precast block material (9) and the precast layer steel bars (5) and the cast-in-place layer steel bars (10); the restraint cage hole (2.2) has precast concrete (3) or slab cast-in-place concrete (11), so that the precast concrete (3) in the restraint cage (2) and the precast concrete (3) outside the restraint cage (2) are connected as one, and the slab cast-in-place concrete (11) in the restraint cage (2) and the slab cast-in-place concrete (11) outside the restraint cage (2) are connected as one; the size of the restraint cage hole (2.2) is smaller than the size of the block material (1) at that location.

3. The pre-constrained block laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cage frame (2.1) comprises a side wall frame (2.1.1) and an end closure member (2.1.2); the end closure member (2.1.2) is formed by extending the side wall frame (2.1.1) or is a dedicated end closure member (2.1.2); the dedicated end closure member (2.1.2) is connected to the side wall frame (2.1.1) as a whole; the block material (1) is at a certain distance from the end of the precast concrete (3).

4. The pre-constrained block laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cage frame (2.1) of the restraining rib cage is composed of restraining ribs (4); the restraining ribs (4) are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; the cage frame (2.1) of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes.

5. The pre-constrained block laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-constrained block material (9) is exposed from the upper surface of the precast concrete (3); the distance between the block material (1) and the lower surface of the pre-constrained block material precast plate (A) is not less than 10% of the plate height; and the precast layer steel bars (5) extend out of the precast concrete (3).

6. The pre-constrained block laminate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cage (2.1) has a plurality of sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain block materials (1).

7. The pre-constrained block laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-constrained blocks (9) are arranged along the main force direction of the plate; and the restraining cage (2) is placed horizontally.

8. The pre-constrained block laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated layer of steel bars (5) comprises non-prestressed steel bars and prestressed steel bars; the prestressed steel bars are located between the pre-constrained blocks (9) and are wrapped by the prefabricated concrete (3).

9. The pre-constrained block laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-constrained block composite plate has a steel truss (12); the steel truss (12) is arranged in parallel with the pre-constrained block (9), and the steel truss (12) is exposed on the upper surface of the precast concrete (3).

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