Prefabricated pre-constraint block column

Abstract

A prefabricated pre-constraint block column comprises a pre-constraint block, prefabricated concrete and column steel bars. The pre-constraint block material comprises a block material and a constraint cage; the constraint cage comprises a cage frame and constraint cage holes; the column reinforcing steel bars comprise column vertical reinforcing steel bars and column transverse reinforcing steel bars; the column transverse reinforcements are arranged at intervals along the column vertical reinforcements to form a column reinforcement cage; the pre-constraint block material is surrounded by the column reinforcement cage; the prefabricated concrete wraps the column reinforcement cage; the column vertical steel bars extend out of the prefabricated concrete. According to the utility model, the block in the constraint cage and the concrete form the pre-constraint block concrete, so that the excessive crushing of the block is reduced, and the energy consumption and pollution are reduced; the combined action of the block and the concrete is enhanced, and the bearing capacity and ductility of the prefabricated pre-restrained block column are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of assembled concrete structures, in particular to a prefabricated pre-constrained block column. Background Art

[0002] In construction projects, structural columns are often used for frame columns, bridge piers, and other applications. Structural columns are crucial components of building structures, bearing not only vertical loads but also horizontal forces transmitted from beams and slabs under earthquakes and wind. Precast reinforced concrete columns, composed of concrete and steel bars, are often used. This requires large quantities of stone, sand, and cement. Statistics show that stone used in construction in my country accounts for nearly half of the total concrete mass, and its use is widespread across numerous industries, including construction, transportation, and railways. It is estimated that over 4 billion tons of stone are used in construction alone each year, making it the largest consumer of natural resources. Currently, natural sand and gravel that meet the requirements for reinforced concrete structures are no longer sufficient for construction projects. Consequently, manufactured sand and stone are widely used in actual projects. Natural stone is typically processed using equipment such as vibrating feeders, jaw crushers, sand making machines, vibrating screens, and belt conveyors to crush the natural stone into small-sized gravel or sand. This process requires significant electricity, transportation, and labor, and generates significant dust, placing significant strain on our resources and the environment. How to reduce the use of cement, small-particle sand and stone in structural columns is of great significance to my country's engineering construction and energy conservation and environmental protection. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a prefabricated, pre-constrained block column that can be used for columns in building construction and bridge piers. This solves the problem of excessive cement, small-particle sand, and stone used in prefabricated reinforced concrete columns, and also addresses the problem of coordinated force between the blocks, steel bars, and concrete. By pre-constraining blocks built into the structural columns, this utility model effectively reduces the amount of cement, small-particle sand, and stone used, reduces hydration heat, and reduces dust. Constraint cages enhance the connection and force between the blocks and concrete, thereby achieving the mechanical properties of the columns. This technology offers the advantages of reliable performance, simple structure, fast construction, and environmental friendliness.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A prefabricated pre-constrained block column comprises a pre-constrained block, precast concrete and column reinforcement; the pre-constrained block comprises a block and a restraining cage; the restraining cage comprises a cage frame and restraining cage holes; the restraining cage is closed at the bottom end or both ends; the restraining cage is a restraining bar cage or a grid cage; the column reinforcement comprises a column longitudinal reinforcement and a column transverse reinforcement; the column transverse reinforcement is arranged at intervals along the column longitudinal reinforcement to form a column reinforcement cage; the pre-constrained block is surrounded by the column reinforcement cage; the precast concrete wraps the column reinforcement cage; and the column longitudinal reinforcement extends out of the precast concrete.

[0006] Preferably, the blocks are built into the constraint cage; precast concrete fills the gaps in the precast blocks; precast concrete fills the gaps between the precast blocks and the column reinforcement cage; precast concrete is present in the holes of the constraint cage, so that the precast concrete in the constraint cage and the precast concrete outside the constraint cage are connected as one; the size of the constraint cage hole is smaller than the size of the blocks at that location; the cage frame includes side wall frames and end closures; the end closures are formed by extending the side wall frames or are dedicated end closures; the dedicated end closures are connected as one with the side wall frames; the blocks are at a certain distance from the ends of the precast concrete.

[0007] Preferably, the cage frame of the restraining rib cage is composed of restraining ribs; the restraining ribs are steel bars, steel wires or FRP bars; and the cage frame of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes.

[0008] Preferably, the cage has a plurality of subspaces; the subspaces are independent of each other and contain blocks of materials.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-constrained block column has one or more empty hoop areas; there is no column transverse reinforcement in the empty hoop areas; the pre-constrained blocks are located in the empty hoop areas of the column and are filled with precast concrete.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the column longitudinal reinforcement extends out of the precast concrete, and the other end is inserted into the sleeve; the sleeve is wrapped by the precast concrete, exposing the grouting port and the lower opening; the sleeve is a grouting sleeve or a semi-grouting sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, both ends of the column longitudinal reinforcement extend out of the precast concrete.

[0012] Preferably, a steel connector is provided inside the column reinforcement cage; the steel connector is a steel section or a steel member; at least one end of the steel connector extends out of the precast concrete; there is a gap between the steel connector and the pre-constrained blocks and the column reinforcement cage; and the precast concrete fills the gap between the pre-constrained blocks, the steel connector and the column reinforcement cage.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects.

[0014] 1. By setting up the restraint cage and reducing the contact area of ​​the blocks, the concrete can effectively fill the gaps between the blocks, effectively reducing quality defects, improving construction quality and achieving structural safety.

[0015] 2. By placing blocks in prefabricated columns, the amount of cement, sand and stone used can be reduced, the hydration heat of large columns can be reduced during construction, and energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved.

[0016] 3. The block materials and concrete in the column are constrained by the constraint cage inside the column to form constrained block concrete, thereby improving the strength and ductility of the combination of block materials and concrete, and realizing the mechanical properties of prefabricated pre-constrained block columns. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical section of the prefabricated pre-constrained block column.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse section of a prefabricated pre-constrained block column.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the prefabricated pre-constrained block 9.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a pre-constrained block 9 with spacers 7 Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a pre-constrained block 9 with spacers 7 Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic transverse cross-sectional view of a prefabricated pre-constrained block column having a plurality of pre-constrained blocks 9 and positioning members 8.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical section of a prefabricated pre-constrained block column with a sleeve.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a vertical cross-sectional diagram of a prefabricated pre-constrained block column with longitudinal reinforcement extending from both ends of the column.

[0026] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the transverse section of a prefabricated, pre-constrained block column with steel connectors.

[0027] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a vertical section of a prefabricated, pre-constrained block column with steel connectors.

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of a vertical section of a prefabricated, pre-constrained block column with full-length steel connectors.

[0029] Figure numerals: 1-block, 2-constraint cage, 2.1-cage frame, 2.1.1-side wall frame, 2.1.2-end closure, 2.2-constraint cage hole, 3-precast concrete, 4-constraint reinforcement, 4.1-vertical reinforcement, 4.2-transverse reinforcement, 4.3-diagonal reinforcement, 5-column reinforcement, 5.1-column longitudinal reinforcement, 5.2-column transverse reinforcement, 6-column reinforcement cage, 7-block spacer, 8-positioning piece, 9-pre-constrained block, 10-steel connector, 11-sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to better understand the purpose, technical solutions and functions of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprises / comprising", "consisting of" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, apparatus, process or method comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also, when necessary, other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such product, apparatus, process or method. In the absence of further limitations, elements defined by the phrases "comprises / comprising..." or "consisting of" do not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process or method comprising the elements.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "fixed connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a sleeve connection, a lap joint, a welding connection, a bolt connection, or a combination of the above connections; the terms "installation", "connection", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components; the term "through-length steel bar" means that the steel bar is continuous without disconnection, or the steel bar is disconnected but the disconnected steel bars are fixedly connected. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings using preferred embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, a prefabricated pre-constrained block column includes a pre-constrained block 9, precast concrete 3 and column reinforcement 5; the pre-constrained block 9 includes a block 1 and a restraint cage 2; the restraint cage 2 includes a cage frame 2.1 and restraint cage holes 2.2; the restraint cage 2 is closed at the bottom end or both ends; the restraint cage 2 is a restraint reinforcement cage or a grid cage; the column reinforcement 5 includes a column longitudinal reinforcement 5.1 and a column transverse reinforcement 5.2; the column transverse reinforcement 5.2 is arranged at intervals along the column longitudinal reinforcement 5.1 to form a column reinforcement cage 6; the pre-constrained block 9 is surrounded by the column reinforcement cage 6; the precast concrete 3 partially or completely wraps the column reinforcement cage 6; the column longitudinal reinforcement 5.1 extends out of the precast concrete 3.

[0036] Because the present invention uses larger-sized blocks (1) in the prefabricated, preconstrained block columns, it can effectively reduce the amount of cement and small-sized sand and gravel used in the columns compared to conventional prefabricated concrete columns, effectively saving energy and protecting the environment. When the sand and gravel in the columns are artificially graded, the present invention can further reduce the high energy consumption and dust production associated with artificially graded sand and gravel.

[0037] Due to the presence of block material 1, prefabricated, preconstrained block material columns have less shrinkage creep than ordinary prefabricated concrete columns, avoiding the defect of ordinary prefabricated concrete that is prone to cracking during large-scale construction. Block material 1 can greatly reduce the amount of cement used and reduce the hydration heat during construction. For large-volume concrete, hydration heat will cause concrete cracking, resulting in a decrease in mechanical properties such as concrete compressive strength, and shortening the service life of the column components. For prefabricated, preconstrained block material columns, hydration heat can be reduced, and block material 1 can effectively absorb the hydration heat generated by the surrounding concrete 3, reducing the temperature difference with the surrounding area and effectively avoiding the hydration heat generated by the temperature difference.

[0038] The prefabricated pre-constrained block column constrains the block 1 in the cage and the precast concrete 3 in the constraint cage through the constraint cage 2 in the column, thereby improving the strength and ductility of the combination of the block 1 and the precast concrete 3 in the constraint cage, and forming a block concrete with a constraint effect; the constraint cage 2 simultaneously connects the precast concrete 3 in the constraint cage and the precast concrete 3 outside the constraint cage, and there is precast concrete 3 at the constraint cage hole 2.2, so that the precast concrete 3 in the constraint cage 2 and the precast concrete 3 outside the constraint cage 2 are connected as one; the constraint cage 2 increases the reinforcement content of the prefabricated pre-constrained block column, and as a block concrete with a constraint effect, it bears the corresponding force, so that the precast concrete 3 and the reinforcement of the constraint cage 2 and the prefabricated pre-constrained block column are jointly subjected to force, thereby realizing the overall mechanical properties of the prefabricated pre-constrained block column.

[0039] Moreover, during construction, the block material 1 is placed in the constraint cage 2 to form a pre-constrained block material 9, which allows multiple blocks to be hoisted and transported at one time, thereby improving construction efficiency; the constraint cage 2 can control the contact mode, contact area and shape of the block material 1 during construction, so that the precast concrete 3 can effectively fill the gaps between the blocks 1, effectively reducing quality defects, improving construction quality and achieving structural safety.

[0040] In the present utility model, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the block 1 is built into the constraint cage 2; the precast concrete 3 fills the gap in the pre-constrained block 9; the precast concrete 3 fills the gap between the pre-constrained block 9 and the column reinforcement cage 6; the precast concrete 3 is provided at the constraint cage hole 2.2, so that the precast concrete 3 inside the constraint cage 2 and the precast concrete 3 outside the constraint cage 2 are connected as a whole; the size of the constraint cage hole 2.2 is smaller than the size of the block 1 at that location; the cage frame 2.1 includes a side wall frame 2.1.1 and an end closure 2.1.2; the end closure 2.1.2 is the side wall frame 2.1 .1 is extended to form a dedicated end closure 2.1.2; the dedicated end closure 2.1.2 is connected to the side wall frame 2.1.1 as a whole; the cage frame 2.1 can fix the position of the block 1, and the end closure 2.1.2 can close the cage frame 2.1 to prevent the block 1 from falling off from the end; the end closure 2.1.2 is formed by extending the side wall frame 2.1.1, and the two are integrated, which is beneficial to improving the strength and ductility of the pre-constrained block 9; the dedicated end closure 2.1.2 and the side wall frame 2.1.1 are combined for easy production.

[0041] In the present invention, the block material 1 includes stone, reinforced concrete block or concrete block, or cement mortar block; the block material 1 is at a certain distance from the end of the precast concrete 3; the distance is not less than 10 mm, which is conducive to achieving the mechanical properties of "strong node, weak component".

[0042] Precast concrete 3 includes high-flow concrete, fiber concrete, organic concrete and ultra-high performance concrete HEPA, etc.

[0043] High-flow concrete includes self-compacting concrete and high-flow concrete. High-flow concrete requires a sufficient powder content, and the coarse aggregate can be 5-15mm or 5-25mm in size. High-flow concrete is more effective at filling gaps between blocks, ensuring the overall density of precast, pre-constrained block columns.

[0044] Block 1 does not chemically react with precast concrete 3 to reduce its strength or durability. Block 1 has a rough surface, and the rough surface of block 1 is tightly bonded to precast concrete 3. Block sizes range from 60mm to 400mm (small blocks, including 400mm); 400mm to 800mm (medium blocks, including 800mm); and 800mm to 2000mm (large blocks). Large blocks are used for large-section columns (columns with a cross-sectional dimension greater than 1500mm), medium blocks are used for large-section columns and medium-section columns (columns with a cross-sectional dimension of 800 to 1500mm, including 1500mm), and small blocks are used for columns of various cross-sections. The rational allocation of blocks of different particle sizes to corresponding column cross-sections helps improve the column's bearing capacity.

[0045] The mud content of the blocks is less than 0.7%, and it is not allowed to be concentrated in a few areas. The difference between the block particle size and the average block particle size is no more than 30% of the average particle size. The small difference in block particle size makes it easier to control the contact mode between blocks or reduce their contact area.

[0046] The cage 2.1 is made of steel with a strength of no less than 300 MPa. The volume ratio of the block 1 to the confinement cage 2 is 5% to 75%, the volume ratio of the block 1 to the precast concrete 3 is 5% to 300%, and the volume ratio of the cage 2.1 to the confinement cage 2 is 0.05% to 4%. This improves the strength and ductility of the precast, pre-constrained block column.

[0047] In the present utility model, Figure 3 As shown, the restraint cage 2 is a restraint bar cage or a lattice cage; the cage frame 2.1 of the restraint bar cage is composed of restraint bars 4; the restraint bars 4 are steel bars, steel wires, or FRP bars; the lattice cage frame 2.1 is composed of metal mesh or perforated steel plates; the restraint bars 4 of the restraint bar cage include vertical bars 4.1, transverse bars 4.2, and / or diagonal bars 4.3; the end closures 2.1.2 of the restraint bar cage are formed by fixedly connecting or bending the vertical bars 4.1 or diagonal bars 4.3 at the ends, or are independent end closures 2.1.2; the independent end closures 2.1.2 are fixedly connected to the vertical bars 4.1 or diagonal bars 4.3. The fixed connection method is bolting, welding, or tying.

[0048] The shape of the confinement cage 2 is cylindrical, spherical, or ellipsoidal.

[0049] In the present utility model, Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, cage 2.1 has multiple subspaces; each subspace is independent and contains blocks 1. The subspaces are formed by dividing cage 2.1 by block spacers 7, external restraining members, welds, or restraining ribs 4; or by external restraining ribs holding lateral connectors together to form multiple subspaces.

[0050] The multiple subspaces divide the block into multiple parts, which can increase the bonding strength and ductility between the block 1 and the concrete and facilitate production and transportation.

[0051] The block spacer 7 is composed of a steel mesh or a perforated steel plate and is fixedly connected to the side wall frame 2.1.1; the gaps in the steel mesh are smaller than the size of the block 1; the hole size of the perforated steel plate is smaller than the size of the block 1; the block spacer 7 is arranged longitudinally and / or transversely and / or vertically.

[0052] In the present utility model, Figure 6As shown, there are multiple pre-constrained blocks 9 in the prefabricated pre-constrained block column; positioning parts 8 are set between the pre-constrained blocks 9; the prefabricated pre-constrained block column has one or more empty hoop areas; there are no column transverse steel bars 5.2 in the empty hoop areas; the pre-constrained blocks 9 are located in the column empty hoop areas, and the prefabricated concrete 3 fills the gaps between the prefabricated pre-constrained blocks 9.

[0053] The net distance between the pre-constrained blocks 9 is not less than 15 mm, which is conducive to achieving coordinated force between the pre-constrained blocks 9 and concrete.

[0054] In the present utility model, Figure 7 As shown, one end of the column longitudinal reinforcement 5.1 extends out of the precast concrete 3, and the other end is inserted into the sleeve 11; the sleeve 11 is wrapped by the precast concrete 3, exposing the grouting port and the lower opening; the sleeve 11 is a grouting sleeve or a semi-grouting sleeve.

[0055] In the present utility model, Figure 8 As shown, both ends of the column longitudinal reinforcement 5.1 extend out of the precast concrete 3.

[0056] In the present utility model, Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, a steel connector 10 is provided inside the column reinforcement cage 6; the steel connector 10 is a steel section or a steel component; at least one end of the steel connector 10 extends out of the precast concrete 3; there is a gap between the steel connector 10 and the pre-constrained block 9 and the column reinforcement cage 6; the precast concrete 3 fills the gap between the pre-constrained block 9, the steel connector 10 and the column reinforcement cage 6.

[0057] In the present utility model, Figure 11 As shown, the steel connecting member 10 is continuous, with both ends extending out of the precast concrete 3 .

[0058] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated pre-constrained block column, characterized in that: The prefabricated pre-constrained block column comprises a pre-constrained block (9), precast concrete (3) and column reinforcement (5); the pre-constrained block (9) comprises a block (1) and a restraining cage (2); the restraining cage (2) comprises a cage frame (2.1) and restraining cage holes (2.2); the restraining cage (2) is closed at the bottom end or at both ends; the restraining cage (2) is a restraining bar cage or a grid cage; the column reinforcement (5) comprises a column longitudinal reinforcement (5.1) and a column transverse reinforcement (5.2); the column transverse reinforcement (5.2) is arranged at intervals along the column longitudinal reinforcement (5.1) to form a column reinforcement cage (6); the pre-constrained block (9) is surrounded by the column reinforcement cage (6); the precast concrete (3) wraps the column reinforcement cage (6); the column longitudinal reinforcement (5.1) extends out of the precast concrete (3).

2. The prefabricated pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The block material (1) is built into the restraining cage (2); the precast concrete (3) fills the gap in the precast block material (9); the precast concrete (3) fills the gap between the precast block material (9) and the column reinforcement cage (6); the restraining cage hole (2.2) is provided with precast concrete (3), so that the precast concrete (3) in the restraining cage (2) and the precast concrete (3) outside the restraining cage (2) are connected as a whole; the size of the restraining cage hole (2.2) is smaller than the size of the block material (1) at that location; the cage frame (2.1) comprises a side wall frame (2.1.1) and an end closure member (2.1.2); the end closure member (2.1.2) is formed by extending the side wall frame (2.1.1) or is a dedicated end closure member (2.1.2); the dedicated end closure member (2.1.2) is connected as a whole with the side wall frame (2.1.1); the block material (1) is at a certain distance from the end of the precast concrete (3).

3. The prefabricated pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cage frame (2.1) of the restraining rib cage is composed of restraining ribs (4); the restraining ribs (4) are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; the cage frame (2.1) of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes.

4. The prefabricated pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cage (2.1) has a plurality of sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain block materials (1).

5. The prefabricated pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-constrained block column has one or more empty hoop areas; there is no column transverse reinforcement (5.2) in the empty hoop areas; the pre-constrained block (9) is located in the column empty hoop areas and is filled with precast concrete (3).

6. The prefabricated pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the column longitudinal steel bar (5.1) extends out of the precast concrete (3), and the other end is inserted into the sleeve (11); the sleeve (11) is wrapped by the precast concrete (3), exposing the grouting port and the lower hole; the sleeve (11) is a grouting sleeve or a semi-grouting sleeve.

7. The prefabricated pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the column longitudinal reinforcement (5.1) extend out of the precast concrete (3).

8. The prefabricated pre-constrained block column according to claim 7, characterized in that: A steel connector (10) is provided inside the column reinforcement cage (6); the steel connector (10) is a steel section or a steel member; at least one end of the steel connector (10) extends out of the precast concrete (3); there is a gap between the steel connector (10), the pre-constrained block material (9), and the column reinforcement cage (6); and the precast concrete (3) fills the gap between the pre-constrained block material (9), the steel connector (10), and the column reinforcement cage (6).

Images