Novel rock slope active protective net type green covering supporting system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel rock slope active protective net type green covering supporting system which comprises anchor rods, an active protective net, mixed plants and protective piers. The anchor rods are arranged in anchor holes of a slope protection area and fixed by pouring cement mortar into the anchor holes. An anchor rod exposed ring sleeve is fixed at the top end of the anchor rod; the active protective net comprises a grating net, supporting ropes and a steel rope net, and the grating net is laid on the slope surface of the side slope and fixed through column nails; the supporting rope is arranged on the outer side of the grating net, and a rope body of the supporting rope penetrates through the anchor rod exposed ring sleeve and is fixed. The steel rope net is laid on the outer sides of the grating net and the supporting ropes and fixed to the anchor rod exposed ring sleeves, and the steel rope net is sewn and fixed to the supporting ropes and the anchor rod exposed ring sleeves through sewing ropes; the mixed vegetation is sprayed on the slope surface and the active protective net; the anchor rod exposed ring sleeve is wrapped by the protection pier. On the premise that structural safety is guaranteed, the structure has the advantages of being low in cost, short in construction period and good in greening effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building slope support construction, in particular to a new type of active protection net-type greening support system for rock slopes. Background Art

[0002] There are three main schemes for traditional rock slope support construction during construction: the first is rock slope mesh spraying concrete + spraying painting. This scheme is to install anchor rods on the slope surface and hang steel mesh before spraying a concrete layer, and then spray the painting after the concrete reaches the corresponding strength; the second is rock slope + slope frame beam grid + backfill planting soil in the grid. This scheme is to make a reinforced concrete frame grid on the rock slope surface, and backfill the grid with planting soil of corresponding thickness to meet the requirements of slope support and greening; the third is rock slope + active protection net. This method is to install anchor rods on the slope surface and hang an active protection net. Among the above three traditional rock slope support schemes, the slope support scheme using slope hanging mesh sprayed concrete + spray painting has the problem that the finished surface cannot meet the user's high greening needs; the slope support scheme using slope frame beam grid + backfilling mixed soil in the grid has the problem of long construction period and large concrete workload; the rock slope + active protection net slope support scheme has the problem of exposed rock slope and unable to achieve greening effect. In addition, the user's demand for slope greening and the expectation for the coordination of slope landscape are constantly upgrading, which makes the construction requirements and construction period of slope support projects face increasing pressure. Traditional slope support schemes are difficult to meet the current requirements for high greening and stability of large-slope rock slopes. Therefore, how to ensure the safety and stability of the slope, improve the greening effect, and ensure the construction period have become the key issues that need to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0003] The utility model aims to propose a novel rock slope active protection net type greening support system to solve the defects of poor slope stability, long construction period and unsatisfactory greening effect existing in traditional slope support.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A new type of active protection net type greening support system for rock slopes, comprising anchor rods, active protection nets, mixed vegetation and protection piers; the anchor rods are arranged in anchor holes in the slope protection area and are consolidated to the surrounding rock mass by cement mortar poured into the anchor holes; an exposed ring sleeve of the anchor rod is fixed to the top of the anchor rod; the active protection net comprises a grille net, a support rope and a steel rope net, the grille net is laid on the slope surface and fixed by studs; the support rope is arranged on the outside of the grille net, the rope body thereof passes through the exposed ring sleeve of the anchor rod, and is fixed to the exposed ring sleeve of the anchor rod at the rope head position after being tightened by a tensioning device; the steel rope net is laid on the outside of the grille net and the support rope, the rope thereof is fixed to the exposed ring sleeve of each anchor rod after being tightened by a tensioning device, and the steel rope net is sewed and fixed to the exposed ring sleeve of the anchor rod by sewing ropes; the mixed vegetation is sprayed on the slope surface and the active protection net by a jet pump and an air compressor; the protection pier is arranged at the exposed ring sleeve of the anchor rod and covers the exposed ring sleeve of the anchor rod.

[0006] Preferably, the anchor rods are arranged in a crisscross pattern on the slope surface in a square grid array.

[0007] Preferably, the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod main reinforcement and a centering bracket, the anchor rod main reinforcement is arranged along the axis of the anchor hole, the centering bracket is arranged in groups, and each three centering brackets form a group, and the three centering brackets in the same group are arranged on the anchor rod main reinforcement in a circular array at intervals, and each centering bracket (101) is supported on the wall of the anchor hole and places the anchor rod main reinforcement at the axis position of the anchor hole.

[0008] Preferably, the exposed ring sleeve of the anchor rod is placed in a pit on the slope, with the exposed end thereof being lower than the slope surface, and the distance between the two being not less than 100 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the column nails include a plurality of rows arranged at intervals, and two adjacent rows of column nails are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0010] Preferably, the suture rope is arranged throughout the entire length, and both ends of the suture rope are fixedly connected to the exposed ring sleeves of the anchor rod through rope clamps.

[0011] Preferably, the protection pier is internally planted with reinforcement bars, the depth of which is 15cm-20cm, and the top surface of the protection pier protrudes 100mm-150mm from the mixed vegetation surface layer.

[0012] Preferably, the exposed ring sleeve of the anchor rod, the supporting rope, the steel rope net and the suture rope are all made of galvanized anti-corrosion steel wire rope.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0014] 1. The present invention transfers the pre-tension of the active protection net to the anchor rod by means of pre-tensioned support ropes and wire mesh, thereby constructing a complete active protection system and meeting the requirements for the stability of large-slope rock slopes;

[0015] 2. The grille mesh and steel rope mesh used in the present invention are custom-made in the factory, and each construction stage is tightly connected, which can improve the construction efficiency by 20% and reduce the project cost;

[0016] 3. The present invention uses mixed vegetation to replace the concrete surface layer, which can reduce the amount of concrete used and reduce the air pollution caused by spraying construction; the active slope protection net is used as the toughness skeleton of the mixed vegetation, which increases the adhesion of the mixed vegetation, so that the mixed vegetation can be effectively attached to the slope and the active protection net. At the same time, the mixed vegetation can be integrated with the outdoor landscape design to meet the greening needs of large-slope rock slopes, and has significant social benefits and wide application value;

[0017] 4. The present invention can reduce the possibility of damage to the connection nodes of the active protection net caused by external factors by setting up protection piers, and enhance the stability of the active slope protection net. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the detailed description made in conjunction with the following drawings, which are only schematic and do not limit the present invention, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the greening slope of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anchor rod of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the grille mesh and pile nails of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the active protection net sewing of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the protective pier structure of the utility model.

[0025] Figure numerals: 1. anchor rod; 101. centering bracket; 102. anchor rod main reinforcement; 2. active protection net; 201. grille net; 202. support rope; 203. steel rope net; 3. mixed vegetation; 4. protection pier; 5. exposed ring of anchor rod; 6. cement mortar; 7. column nail; 8. rope clamp; 9. suture rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In the following, an embodiment of a new type of active protection net-type greening support system for rock slopes of the utility model will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments recorded herein are specific embodiments of the utility model, which are used to illustrate the concept of the utility model. They are all explanatory and exemplary and should not be interpreted as limitations on the implementation methods of the utility model and the scope of the utility model. In addition to the embodiments recorded herein, those skilled in the art can also adopt other obvious technical solutions based on the contents disclosed in the claims and description of this application, including technical solutions that adopt any obvious replacements and modifications to the embodiments recorded herein.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "up", "down", "inside", "outside", "horizontal", "longitudinal", "vertical", "oblique" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] The drawings of this specification are schematic diagrams, which assist in explaining the concept of the utility model and schematically show the shapes of various parts and their mutual relationships. Please note that in order to clearly show the structure of various components of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings are not drawn according to the same scale. The same reference numerals are used to represent the same parts.

[0029] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Figure 1-6 , the preferred embodiments of the utility model are further described in detail:

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1-6As shown, the utility model preferably adopts a new type of active protection net type greening support system for rock slope, including anchor rods 1, active protection nets 2, mixed vegetation 3 and protection piers 4; the anchor rods 1 are arranged in anchor holes in the slope protection area, and are consolidated with the surrounding rock mass through cement mortar 6 poured into the anchor holes; an exposed anchor ring 5 is fixed to the top of the anchor rod 1; the active protection net 2 includes a grille net 201, a support rope 202 and a steel rope net 203, the grille net 201 is laid on the slope surface and fixed by studs 7; the support rope 202 is arranged on the grille net 201 On the outside, the rope body passes through the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod, and is fixed to the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod at the rope head position after being tightened by the tensioning equipment; the steel rope net 203 is laid on the outside of the grid net 201 and the supporting rope 202, and the net rope is fixed to the exposed ring sleeve 5 of each anchor rod after being tightened by the tensioning equipment, and the steel rope net 203 is sutured and fixed to the supporting rope 202 and the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod by the suture rope 9; the mixed vegetation 3 is sprayed on the slope and the active protection net 2 by a jet pump and an air compressor; the protection pier 4 is arranged at the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod, and the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod is covered inside.

[0031] The anchor rod 1 includes an anchor rod main reinforcement 102 and a centering bracket 101. The anchor rod main reinforcement 102 is arranged along the axis of the anchor hole. The centering bracket 101 is arranged in groups. Every three centering brackets 101 form a group. The three centering brackets 101 in the same group are arranged on the anchor rod main reinforcement 102 in a circular array. Each centering bracket 101 is supported on the wall of the anchor hole, and the anchor rod main reinforcement 102 is placed at the axis of the anchor hole. The anchor rod main reinforcement 102 adopts 1C22 steel bars with a hole size of A90mm. The anchor rod 1 is arranged vertically and horizontally on the slope surface in a square grid shape. The vertical and horizontal spacings of adjacent anchor rod main reinforcements 102 are both 2.5m. 1 The length is set to 9m, 6m, and 3m according to different positions. When the anchor main reinforcement 102 is placed, the placement angle is consistent with the drilling inclination angle, and the rod body is always kept in the center of the drilling hole. Cement mortar 6 is used as the grouting liquid inside the anchor 1. The cement mortar 6 adopts the M30 model. The water-cement ratio of cement mortar 6 is 0.4-0.45. The aggregate in the cement mortar 6 is preferably medium and fine sand with a particle size not greater than 3mm to ensure that the slurry is full; a mortar pump is used to transport the cement mortar 6 to the bottom of the hole through a grouting pipe, and then return to the hole mouth from the bottom of the hole. When the hole mouth overflows with cement mortar 6 or the exhaust pipe stops exhausting, the grouting can be stopped.

[0032] The exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod adopts φ16 galvanized anti-corrosion steel wire rope with a length of 4m, which is bent into a ring sleeve in the center. The straight section of the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod is tied and overlapped with the main anchor reinforcement 102. The ring sleeve section is exposed from the slope surface and placed in the slope pit. The exposed end of the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod is not less than 100mm below the slope surface. The bottom of the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod is fixed to the main anchor reinforcement 102 with a rope clip 8. The setting method of the slope pit and the top of the ring sleeve being lower than the slope surface can ensure that the active protection net 2 can better transfer the tension stress to the anchor rod 1 and the rock mass during tensioning.

[0033] The grille mesh 201 is made of low-carbon steel wire inside and plastic outside. The low-carbon steel wire is wrapped with plastic by using a plastic coating process. The grille mesh 201 is laid on the slope surface from top to bottom. The steel wire diameter of the grille mesh 201 is 2.2 mm. The mesh size of the grille mesh 201 is 50 mm. Two grille meshes 201 and the grille mesh 201 and the support rope 202 are tied with φ1.5 iron wire. The spacing between the tying points is not more than 1 m. The column nails 7 include a plurality of rows arranged at intervals, and the column nails 7 of two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner. The adjacent two column nails 7 of one row and the adjacent two column nails 7 of one row are arranged in a staggered manner. A column nail 7 of a row is arranged as an equilateral triangle as a unit, and the spacing between adjacent column nails 7 in the same row is 50 cm; the plastic coating process can prevent the grid mesh 201 from corrosion, and the low-carbon steel wire can be fully bent and deformed by utilizing the characteristics that the grid mesh 201 can be laid on the uneven position of the slope and can fully fit the broken surface of the slope. The A12@500 plum blossom-shaped steel bar with a hook is implanted in the concave and concave corners of the slope to serve as the column nail 7 to fix the grid mesh 201, so as to achieve timely and effective wrapping of the slope, prevent the scattered rocks on the slope from falling off and causing safety accidents.

[0034] The support rope 202 is made of galvanized anti-corrosion steel wire and arranged vertically and horizontally. The support rope 202 is set on the outside of the grille mesh 201. The exposed ring sleeve 5 of the longitudinal anchor rod is connected with the longitudinal support rope 202. The longitudinal support rope 202 adopts the φ12 model, and its tensioning force is not less than 1.5T. The exposed ring sleeve 5 of the transverse anchor rod is connected with the transverse support rope 202. The transverse support rope 202 adopts the φ16 model, and its tensioning force is not less than 2T. The rope body of the support rope 202 passes through the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod, and is pre-tensioned by a hand winch at the anchor rod 1 position at both ends. After tensioning, the two ends of the support rope 202 are fixedly connected to the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod with 2 to 4 rope clamps 8 respectively, wherein when the length of the support rope 202 is less than 15m, the rope clamps 8 are set to 2, when the length of the support rope 202 is greater than 30m, the rope clamps 8 are set to 4, and when the length of the support rope 202 is between 15-30m, the rope clamps 8 are set to 3.

[0035] The steel rope net 203 is made of galvanized anti-corrosion steel wire rope and is laid on the grille net 201 and the support rope 202 from top to bottom. At the same time, a hand winch is used to pre-tension the steel rope net 203 with the exposed ring sleeves 5 of the anchor rods at both ends as the fulcrum. The tensioning force is not less than 0.8T. The tensioned steel rope net 203 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal and transverse support ropes 202 and the exposed ring sleeves 5 of the anchor rods through rope clamps 8.

[0036] The suture rope 9 is made of galvanized anti-corrosion steel wire rope and is arranged throughout the entire length. Its length is cut using a toothless saw according to the length of each supporting rope 202. The suture rope 9 sews the mesh of the steel rope net 203, the criss-crossing supporting ropes 202 and the exposed ring sleeves 5 of the anchor rod into a whole. Both ends of the suture rope 9 are fixedly connected to the exposed ring sleeves 5 of the anchor rod by rope clips 8 to form an overall protective net on the slope.

[0037] Mixed planting 3 needs to be mixed strictly according to the mixing ratio, which is: 27kg of seeds after germination treatment, 30kg of peat soil, 150kg of screened humus, 10kg of plant fiber, 0.4kg of rice husk, 1.0kg of compound slow-release fertilizer, 40g of water retaining agent, 50g of adhesive and water adjusted according to the spraying situation. During the mixing process, technical personnel will stand by to ensure that the uniformity, fluidity and cohesion of the mixed planting 3 meet the spraying requirements, so as to achieve the degree that it can be adhered to the slope surface without flowing; mixed planting 3 needs First, mix evenly according to the proportion at the foot of the slope, and then use the jet pump and air compressor to send the dry material to the injection nozzle. Mix the mixed soil with an appropriate amount of water at the injection nozzle and spray it on the slope and the active protection net 2; before spraying the mixed vegetation 3, the slope surface must be fully moistened, and the wind pressure and air volume must be strictly controlled to ensure that the wind pressure at the muzzle of the spray gun is within the range of 4500-5500Pa; the spraying is carried out from top to bottom, and the spraying height should be 0.6m-1.0m from the slope surface; the depressions are sprayed in layers to ensure that the sprayed surface is flat; the final thickness of the sprayed mixed material is not less than 10cm.

[0038] The protection pier 4 is used to seal the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod after the active protection net 2 is installed. The protection pier 4 is compacted by vibrating C20 concrete. The bottom surface size is 200mm*200mm, and the top surface protrudes 100mm from the mixed vegetation 3 surface layer. 3Ф12U-type steel bars are implanted inside the protection pier 4 with a depth of 15mm. The stirrups are made of 2Ф8-type steel bars, which are evenly arranged inside the protection pier 4 and tied firmly to prevent the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod and the active protection net 2 from rubbing against each other, which may cause the surface galvanized layer of the galvanized anti-corrosion steel wire rope to be damaged and rust to occur, thereby increasing the durability of the prestressed network on the slope.

[0039] The construction steps of the utility model are:

[0040] Drill a hole on the rock layer where slope protection is required, place an anchor rod 1 into the hole, and pour cement mortar 6 to support the rock mass;

[0041] Lay the plastic grille mesh 201 from top to bottom, tie the two grille meshes 201 with iron wire, install the horizontal and vertical staggered support ropes 202 in time after the poured cement mortar 6 reaches 75% of the design strength, tie the grille mesh 201 and the support rope 202 with steel wire, pass the support rope 202 through the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod, use the hand chain hoist to pre-tension at the anchor rod 1 position at both ends, and after tensioning, use the rope clamp 8 to fix the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod on the outside of the anchor rod 1 at both ends;

[0042] The galvanized steel rope net 203 is laid from top to bottom and sewn up. The steel rope net 203 is pre-tensioned by using a hand winch with the exposed ring sleeves 5 of the anchor rods at both ends as the fulcrum. After tensioning, the steel rope net 203 is fixed to each exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod using a rope clamp 8. Two adjacent steel rope nets 203 are sewn up using a sewing rope 9. The sewing rope 9 sews the mesh of the steel rope net 203, the criss-crossing support ropes 202 and the exposed ring sleeves 5 of the anchor rod into a whole. Both ends of the sewing rope 9 are fixedly connected to the exposed ring sleeves 5 of the anchor rod using rope clamps 8.

[0043] After the active slope protection net 2 is installed, a protection pier 4 is set at the position of the exposed ring sleeve 5 of the anchor rod, and the mixed vegetation 3 is sprayed after the concrete strength poured inside the protection pier 4 reaches the requirement;

[0044] After the mixed planting 3 is evenly mixed according to the strict proportion at the foot of the slope, the dry material is sent to the injection pipe mouth by using a jet pump and an air compressor. The mixed soil is mixed with an appropriate amount of water at the injection pipe mouth and then sprayed on the slope surface and the active protection net 2. Finally, a sunshade net is used to timely cover and maintain the mixed planting 3, and regular watering and fertilization are carried out to ensure that the grass seeds germinate and grow smoothly and achieve the expected greening effect.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of active rock slope protection net type greening support system, characterized by: The invention comprises an anchor rod (1), an active protection net (2), mixed vegetation (3) and a protection pier (4); the anchor rod (1) is arranged in an anchor hole in a slope protection area and is consolidated with the surrounding rock mass through cement mortar (6) poured into the anchor hole; an anchor rod exposed ring sleeve (5) is fixed to the top of the anchor rod (1); the active protection net (2) comprises a grille net (201), a support rope (202) and a steel rope net (203); the grille net (201) is laid on the slope surface and fixed by studs (7); the support rope (202) is arranged on the outside of the grille net (201), and the rope body thereof passes through the anchor rod exposed ring sleeve ( 5), and is tightened by a tensioning device and fixed to the exposed ring sleeve (5) of the anchor rod at the rope head position; the steel rope net (203) is laid on the outside of the grid net (201) and the support rope (202), and its net rope is tightened by the tensioning device and fixed to the exposed ring sleeves (5) of each anchor rod, and the steel rope net (203) is sutured and fixed to the support rope (202) and the exposed ring sleeve (5) of the anchor rod by a suture rope (9); the mixed vegetation (3) is sprayed onto the slope surface and the active protection net (2) by a jet pump and an air compressor; the protection pier (4) is arranged at the exposed ring sleeve (5) of the anchor rod, and covers the exposed ring sleeve (5) of the anchor rod.

2. According to claim 1, a new type of active rock slope protection net type greening support system is characterized by: The anchor rods (1) are arranged in a crisscross pattern on the slope surface in a square grid array.

3. According to claim 1, a new type of active rock slope protection net type greening support system is characterized by: The anchor rod (1) comprises an anchor rod main rib (102) and a centering bracket (101), wherein the anchor rod main rib (102) is arranged along the axis of the anchor hole, and the centering bracket (101) is arranged in groups, with three centering brackets (101) forming a group, and the three centering brackets (101) in the same group are arranged on the anchor rod main rib (102) in a circular array at intervals, and each centering bracket (101) is supported on the wall of the anchor hole, and the anchor rod main rib (102) is placed at the axis of the anchor hole.

4. According to claim 1, a new type of active rock slope protection net type greening support system is characterized by: The exposed ring sleeve (5) of the anchor rod is placed in the pit of the slope, and the exposed end thereof is lower than the slope surface, and the distance between the two ends is not less than 100 mm.

5. According to claim 1, a new type of active rock slope protection net type greening support system is characterized by: The column nails (7) comprise a plurality of rows arranged at intervals, and two adjacent rows of column nails (7) are arranged in a staggered manner.

6. The new type of active rock slope protection net type greening support system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The suture rope (9) is arranged throughout the entire length, and both ends of the suture rope (9) are fixedly connected to the exposed ring sleeve (5) of the anchor rod via rope clamps (8).

7. The new type of active rock slope protection net type greening support system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The protection pier (4) has embedded steel bars inside, the embedded steel bars have a depth of 15 cm to 20 cm, and the top surface of the protection pier (4) protrudes 100 mm to 150 mm from the surface layer of the mixed vegetation (3).

8. The new type of active rock slope protection net type greening support system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The exposed ring sleeve (5) of the anchor rod, the supporting rope (202), the steel rope net (203) and the suture rope (9) are all made of galvanized anti-corrosion steel wire ropes.

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