Heat pipe type anti-overheating solar flat plate collector
The heat pipe type solar flat-plate collector addresses overheating by using a phase change medium driven by temperature difference, ensuring stable operation and efficiency without external power, addressing system complexity and reliability issues.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420255739.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-06-27
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-02
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing solar flat-plate collectors face overheating issues due to high temperatures, which can lead to material aging, damage, and safety hazards, and current solutions like cooling fans and reflective films increase system complexity or reduce efficiency, especially during power outages.
A heat pipe type solar flat-plate collector that uses a phase change working medium driven by the temperature difference between the collector's inside and outside, with heat pipes installed to dissipate excess heat without external power, maintaining collector performance and stability.
The heat pipe system efficiently dissipates excess heat without additional components or energy consumption, ensuring stable operation and maintaining collector efficiency across seasons, while being unaffected by power outages.
Smart Images
Figure CN222187374U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar energy, and particularly relates to a heat pipe type overheat-proof solar flat-plate collector. Background Art
[0002] Solar energy has the advantages of wide distribution, low difficulty in obtaining, and saving transportation costs. It is the main force in clean and renewable energy and has good development prospects.
[0003] Solar thermal utilization is a widely used form of solar energy utilization technology due to its high technical maturity and diverse product forms. In the solar thermal collection and storage system, the solar collector is the core component of the entire system. The performance of the collector directly determines the thermal efficiency of the system. At the same time, the flat plate collector has become one of the most common types of solar thermal collectors due to its simple structure, easy maintenance, and beautiful appearance. However, in summer, due to sufficient solar radiation, if there is a high temperature of the heat storage medium in the water storage tank due to low heat consumption or the water pump is powered off, the heat absorbed by the water storage tank reaches saturation or no longer absorbs heat, which is easy to cause the temperature in the collector to be too high. If the collector operates under this condition for a long time, it is easy to accelerate the aging of the material, resulting in damage to the performance of the collector or even failure to work, and even a series of safety hazards. Therefore, solving the overheating problem of the solar collector is an important guarantee for the sustainable operation of the solar thermal collection and storage system.
[0004] There are currently two main ways to solve the overheating problem of solar flat-plate collectors. One is to install electric devices such as cooling fans for the collectors, and remove excess heat by ventilation convection, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the collectors. Another way is to install an electric sunshade device or add a reflective film to the inner wall of the collector glass cover to reduce the solar radiation absorbed by the collector and prevent the collector from continuously absorbing a large amount of solar radiation and causing overheating. Both of the above methods have some problems. The first method has a disadvantage that in addition to installing cooling fans, the collector also requires temperature sensors, temperature control valves and other components to control switches, which increases the complexity of the system; the second disadvantage is the selection of cooling fans. When extreme weather occurs, if a smaller fan is selected, the heat dissipation capacity may be insufficient, resulting in overheating. If a larger fan is selected, the fan will operate at a lower than rated operating condition most of the time, resulting in redundant equipment specifications and more initial investment. The third disadvantage is that this method still cannot solve the overheating problem of the collector in the event of a power outage. The second method, which removes the electric shading device, also has the problem of increased system complexity and problems that cannot be solved in the event of a power outage. Although the reflective film solves the above problems, it will reduce the solar radiation collected by the collector and reduce the collector's heat collection performance when users have a greater demand for heat and the solar radiation is stronger in winter, which is not worth the cost. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to overcome the problems of complex structure, redundant equipment specifications and reduced collector collection performance in the existing solar flat-plate collector overheating protection devices, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a heat pipe type overheating protection solar flat-plate collector. The device has a simple structure, is driven by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the collector through a heat pipe, has no effect on the collector collection performance, does not require external power connection, does not consume electrical energy, is not affected by power outages, saves energy consumption, and is stable and reliable.
[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is: a heat pipe type overheat-proof solar flat-plate collector, comprising a flat-plate collector and a plurality of heat pipes installed in the flat-plate collector, the flat-plate collector comprising a coiled heat collecting pipe, the heat collecting pipe being provided with a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet, the flat-plate collector being provided with a glass cover at the top, the heat pipe being installed in the flat-plate collector near the side of the heat collecting pipe, a phase change working medium being provided in the heat pipe, the heat pipe comprising a heat pipe condensing section and a heat pipe evaporating section, the heat pipe evaporating section being located inside the flat-plate collector, and the heat pipe condensing section being located outside the flat-plate collector.
[0007] The heat pipe condensation section is located above the heat pipe evaporation section, the heat pipe is arranged in parallel with the flat plate collector, and the flat plate collector is arranged obliquely with respect to a horizontal plane.
[0008] The pipeline inlet and the pipeline outlet are located on the same side of the flat plate collector, the pipeline outlet is located above the pipeline inlet, and the heat pipe is installed in the side of the flat plate collector away from the pipeline inlet and the pipeline outlet.
[0009] The flat plate collector is provided with a heat absorbing plate at the bottom.
[0010] The technical effects of the utility model are: 1. The utility model has a simple structure and only uses heat pipes to cool the inside of the collector, avoiding the addition of excessive components such as temperature sensors and temperature control valves, which makes the system equipment complicated; 2. The phase change working fluid circulation in the heat pipe of the utility model is mainly driven based on the temperature difference between the inside of the collector and the outside world, does not require external power connection, does not consume electric energy, is not affected by power outages, saves energy consumption, and is stable and reliable; 3. The phase change working fluid in the heat pipe of the utility model transfers heat through phase change, and the heat transfer process is fast. Excess heat can be discharged in a short time to achieve an anti-overheating function; 4. Compared with the reflective film, the heat pipe of the utility model has no effect on the heat collection performance of the collector. When users have a large demand for heat in winter, the temperature in the collector cannot reach the phase change temperature of the phase change working fluid, so it will not start, and will not cause additional heat loss, and it has good seasonal adaptability.
[0011] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a heat pipe type overheat-proof solar flat-plate collector.
[0013] Figure numerals: 1-glass cover; 2-pipe inlet; 3-pipe outlet; 4-heat absorbing plate; 5-heat pipe evaporation section; 6-heat pipe condensation section; 7-heat collecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1
[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, a heat pipe type overheat-proof solar flat-plate collector comprises a flat-plate collector and a plurality of heat pipes installed in the flat-plate collector, wherein the flat-plate collector comprises a coiled heat collecting pipe 7, wherein the heat collecting pipe 7 is provided with a pipe inlet 2 and a pipe outlet 3, wherein the flat-plate collector is provided with a glass cover plate 1 at the top, wherein the heat pipe is installed in the flat-plate collector near the side of the heat collecting pipe 7, wherein a phase-change working medium is provided in the heat pipe, wherein the heat pipe comprises a heat pipe evaporation section 5 and a heat pipe condensation section 6, wherein the heat pipe evaporation section 5 is located inside the flat-plate collector, and the heat pipe condensation section 6 is located outside the flat-plate collector.
[0015] The heat pipe of the utility model comprises a heat pipe evaporation section 5 and a heat pipe condensation section 6, wherein the heat pipe evaporation section 5 is located inside the flat plate collector, and the heat pipe condensation section 6 is located outside the flat plate collector. When the temperature inside the flat plate collector exceeds the limit value, the phase change medium in the heat pipe evaporation section 5 in the heat pipe vaporizes at this temperature, rises to the heat pipe condensation section 6 to release heat, and when the phase change medium is cooled and becomes liquid, it returns to the inside of the heat pipe evaporation section 5 under the action of gravity. As this process is repeated, the heat pipe continuously takes away the heat inside the flat plate collector, so that the temperature inside the flat plate collector is always maintained at the limit value, thereby achieving the effect of preventing overheating, and enabling the flat plate collector to operate stably in summer. The utility model has a simple structure and only uses heat pipes to cool the inside of the collector, avoiding the addition of too many components such as temperature sensors and temperature control valves, which would make the system equipment complicated. The circulation of the phase change medium in the heat pipe is mainly driven based on the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the collector. It does not require external power connection, does not consume electrical energy, is not affected by power outages, saves energy, and is stable and reliable. The phase change medium in the heat pipe transfers heat through phase change, and the heat transfer process is fast. Excess heat can be discharged in a short time, thereby realizing the overheating prevention function. Compared with the reflective film, the heat pipe has no effect on the heat collection performance of the collector. When the user has a large demand for heat in winter, the temperature in the collector cannot reach the phase change temperature of the phase change medium, so it will not start, and will not cause additional heat loss, and it has good seasonal adaptability. Example 2
[0016] On the basis of Example 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the heat pipe condensation section 6 is located above the heat pipe evaporation section 5, the heat pipe is arranged in parallel with the flat plate collector, and the flat plate collector is arranged inclined with respect to the horizontal plane.
[0017] The heat pipe of the utility model is arranged in parallel with the flat plate collector, and the flat plate collector is arranged inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, so as to ensure that the phase change medium in the evaporation section 5 of the heat pipe can quickly rise to the condensation section 6 of the heat pipe to release heat when vaporizing. Example 3
[0018] Based on Example 1 or Example 2, in this embodiment, preferably, the pipe inlet 2 and the pipe outlet 3 are located on the same side of the flat plate collector, the pipe outlet 3 is located above the pipe inlet 2, and the heat pipe is installed in the side of the flat plate collector away from the pipe inlet 2 and the pipe outlet 3.
[0019] In the utility model, the pipe inlet 2 and the pipe outlet 3 are located on the same side of the flat plate collector, the pipe outlet 3 is located above the pipe inlet 2, and the heat pipe is installed in the side of the flat plate collector away from the pipe inlet 2 and the pipe outlet 3, so that the structure of the flat plate collector is more optimized, and the heat pipe is driven by utilizing the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the collector, and the heat pipe continuously takes away the heat inside the flat plate collector. Example 4
[0020] On the basis of Example 1 or Example 3, in this embodiment, preferably, the flat-plate collector is provided with a heat absorbing plate 4 at the bottom.
[0021] The flat plate collector of the utility model is provided with a heat absorbing plate 4 at the bottom. The heat absorbing plate 4 absorbs heat and heats the cavity between the heat absorbing plate 4 and the glass cover plate 1, so that the flat plate collector can utilize solar energy.
[0022] The specific working principle of the utility model is as follows:
[0023] (1) Summer operation: In summer, solar radiation passes through the glass cover plate 1 and is absorbed by the heat absorbing plate 4. The heat absorbing plate 4 absorbs heat and heats up the cavity between the heat absorbing plate 4 and the glass cover plate 1. At the same time, the water in the hot water storage tank flows into the flat plate collector through the pipe inlet 2 for heat exchange. After heat exchange with the cavity of the flat plate collector, it flows out from the pipe outlet 3 and enters the hot water storage tank to increase the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank. After the heat exchange cycle, when the water in the hot water storage tank reaches the use temperature, the water no longer circulates. At this time, the heat absorbing plate 4 still absorbs solar radiation. The temperature in the collector continues to rise and reaches the phase change temperature of the phase change medium in the heat pipe evaporation section 5. The phase change medium vaporizes and its density decreases, thereby rising to the heat pipe condensation section 6. After cooling in the heat pipe condensation section 6, it becomes liquid and returns to the heat pipe evaporation section 5 under the action of gravity. The above heat transfer process is repeated to continuously take away heat from the flat plate collector until the temperature in the flat plate collector returns to normal levels.
[0024] (2) Winter operation: In winter, the operation mode of the flat-plate collector remains unchanged, and the heat load at the user end increases, which leads to an increase in the water flow through the flat-plate collector, taking away more heat. At this time, the temperature inside the flat-plate collector will not rise to the overheating temperature, and the phase change working fluid in the heat pipe evaporation section 5 will not vaporize. Therefore, the anti-overheating device will not be activated, thereby preventing the heat in the collector from being lost to the outside.
[0025] In summary, the utility model provides a solar flat-plate collector that does not require additional electricity and is artificially protected from overheating. It is driven by a heat pipe using the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the collector. It is efficient, convenient, and highly reliable. It can effectively prevent the solar flat-plate collector from overheating in summer. At the same time, in winter or when solar radiation is weak, it will not dissipate heat to the outside through the heat pipe, causing heat loss.
[0026] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A heat pipe type overheat-proof solar flat-plate collector, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flat plate heat collector and a plurality of heat pipes installed in the flat plate heat collector, wherein the flat plate heat collector comprises a coiled heat collecting pipe (7), wherein the heat collecting pipe (7) is provided with a pipe inlet (2) and a pipe outlet (3), wherein the flat plate heat collector is provided with a glass cover plate (1) at the top, wherein the heat pipe is installed in the flat plate heat collector near the side of the heat collecting pipe (7), wherein a phase change working medium is provided in the heat pipe, wherein the heat pipe comprises a heat pipe evaporation section (5) and a heat pipe condensation section (6), wherein the heat pipe evaporation section (5) is located inside the flat plate heat collector, and wherein the heat pipe condensation section (6) is located outside the flat plate heat collector.
2. A heat pipe type overheat-proof solar flat-plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe condensation section (6) is located above the heat pipe evaporation section (5), the heat pipe and the flat plate heat collector are arranged in parallel, and the flat plate heat collector is arranged inclined with respect to a horizontal plane.
3. A heat pipe type overheat-proof solar flat-plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline inlet (2) and the pipeline outlet (3) are located on the same side of the flat plate collector, the pipeline outlet (3) is located above the pipeline inlet (2), and the heat pipe is installed in the side of the flat plate collector away from the pipeline inlet (2) and the pipeline outlet (3).
4. A heat pipe type overheat-proof solar flat-plate collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat plate heat collector is provided with a heat absorbing plate (4) at the bottom.