Hole wall supporting device and geological exploration equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hole wall supporting device and geological survey equipment, and relates to the technical field of horizontal directional drilling engineering geological survey, the hole wall supporting device comprises an air bag, an inflation device and a supporting framework, the inflation device is connected with the air bag; the supporting framework extends in the first direction, the air bag is sleeved with the supporting framework, the supporting framework comprises a plurality of rod piece structures and a plurality of hinge structures which are sequentially and alternately arranged in the first direction, the two ends, in the first direction, of each rod piece structure are each connected with one hinge structure, and each hinge structure comprises a plurality of disc hinges distributed in the circumferential direction of the supporting framework. Each rod piece structure comprises a plurality of connecting rods distributed in the circumferential direction of the supporting framework, the two ends of each connecting rod are hinged to the two disc hinges on the two sides in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and any two adjacent connecting rods in each rod piece structure are hinged to the same disc hinge, so that when the air bag is in the inflated state and acts on the connecting rods, the connecting rods are stressed to rotate, and the air bag is inflated. Therefore, the supporting framework is in a stretching state, the fractured zone rock stratum is stably supported, and collapse is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of horizontal directional drilling engineering geological survey, in particular to a hole wall supporting device and geological survey equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the launch of a series of strategic plans such as the Western Development and the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the construction volume of ultra-deep and ultra-long distance tunnels in my country is experiencing explosive growth. The design and construction of tunnel projects require accurate exploration of information such as the ground stress, lithology, and adverse geological conditions (such as fault zone development, karst strata, and water gushing) of the surrounding rock mass along the route to avoid sudden water gushing, landslides, and machine jams when crossing faults, fractured zones, karst development areas, and other adverse geological conditions. Traditional geological surveys are mainly carried out by drilling and coring from the surface downward, or by using geophysical methods such as high-density electrical methods and seismic reflection methods. They are difficult to implement in high-altitude mountainous areas, with a limited number of measurement points, difficulty in ensuring accuracy, and high costs. As a mature trenchless pipeline construction technology, Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) has efficient guidance and direction control means to achieve drilling along a pre-designed trajectory. In tunnel geological surveys based on HDD, the vertical boreholes in traditional geological surveys are replaced with horizontal holes along the tunnel axis. Combined with technical means and instrumentation such as coring and drilling comprehensive geophysical exploration, the accuracy of the detection line can be greatly improved, providing more effective and accurate geological data for tunnel construction.

[0003] Broken zones, as a major problem in geological drilling, often bring many challenges to drilling work. During the drilling process, the existence of broken zones often means higher risks and uncertainties, among which the most common problems are drill sticking and hole wall collapse.

[0004] In the broken zone, due to the broken and loose rock, the hole wall loses sufficient support and is prone to collapse. The collapse of the hole wall may not only cause the borehole to be scrapped, but also endanger the safety of the drilling equipment. In addition, the collapse of the hole wall will also destroy the integrity of the borehole and affect subsequent drilling and sampling work. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a hole wall supporting device and geological survey equipment which can support the hole wall and avoid collapse during geological survey.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model proposes a hole wall support device, which is used in horizontal directional drilling to survey the formation, and the hole wall support device comprises:

[0007] Airbags;

[0008] an inflating device, connected to the airbag, for inflating gas into the airbag; and

[0009] A support frame is extended along a first direction and is sleeved outside the airbag. The support frame includes a plurality of rod structures and a plurality of hinge structures. The plurality of rod structures and the plurality of hinge structures are alternately arranged in sequence along the first direction, and each of the rod structures is respectively connected to a hinge structure at both ends in the first direction. Each of the hinge structures includes a plurality of disc hinges distributed along the circumference of the support frame. Each of the rod structures includes a plurality of connecting rods distributed along the circumference of the support frame. Both ends of each connecting rod are hinged one-to-one with two of the disc hinges on both sides thereof in the first direction, and any two adjacent connecting rods in each of the rod structures are hinged to the same disc hinge, so that when the airbag is in an inflated state and acts on the connecting rod, the connecting rod is subjected to force to rotate within a certain range relative to the disc hinge, so that the support frame is in an extended state.

[0010] Optionally, a fixing structure is provided between each disc hinge and the connecting rod to which it is hinged, and the fixing structure includes matching protrusions and grooves, one of the protrusions and the grooves is provided on the disc hinge, and the other is provided at a position of the connecting rod corresponding to the disc hinge, so that when the connecting rod is subjected to force and rotates to a preset angle relative to the disc hinge, the protrusions and the grooves are adapted to be engaged, so that the supporting frame is in an extended and fixed state.

[0011] Optionally, two connecting rods are hinged on each disc hinge in the two hinge structures at both ends of the support frame, and four connecting rods are hinged on each disc hinge in each hinge structure in the middle of the support frame;

[0012] A hinge shaft is provided in the middle of each disc hinge to be hinged with the connecting rod;

[0013] Each of the disc hinges is provided with four grooves, which are arranged on the outer circumference of the hinge shaft and are spaced apart along the circumference of the disc hinge;

[0014] Each connecting rod is provided with two protrusions, so that when the connecting rod is rotated to the preset angle, the two protrusions are clamped in one-to-one correspondence with the grooves on the two disc hinges hinged to the connecting rod.

[0015] Optionally, the hole wall supporting device further comprises a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the inflation device.

[0016] Optionally, the hole wall supporting device further comprises a pressure sensor, which is arranged in the airbag and is used to detect the pressure in the airbag;

[0017] The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor.

[0018] Optionally, the airbag has an inflation interface and a deflation interface, the inflation interface is connected to the inflation device, and the deflation interface is provided with a safety valve;

[0019] The controller is electrically connected to the safety valve.

[0020] Optionally, an anti-slip layer is provided on the outer surface of the airbag.

[0021] Optionally, the material of the airbag includes reinforced nylon material or polyester fiber material.

[0022] Optionally, the hole wall support device further includes a withdrawal component, and the withdrawal component includes:

[0023] a connecting rope, one end of which is connected to the airbag; and

[0024] The driving member is drivingly connected to the other end of the connecting rope to drive the connecting rope to drive the airbag to move in a direction away from the supporting frame.

[0025] The utility model also provides a geological survey equipment, the geological survey equipment comprising:

[0026] Horizontal directional drilling; and,

[0027] A hole wall support device, the hole wall support device is detachably mounted on the front end of the drill bit of the horizontal directional drill;

[0028] Wherein, the hole wall supporting device comprises:

[0029] Airbags;

[0030] an inflating device, connected to the airbag, for inflating gas into the airbag; and

[0031] A support frame is extended along a first direction and is sleeved outside the airbag. The support frame includes a plurality of rod structures and a plurality of hinge structures. The plurality of rod structures and the plurality of hinge structures are alternately arranged in sequence along the first direction, and each of the rod structures is respectively connected to a hinge structure at both ends in the first direction. Each of the hinge structures includes a plurality of disc hinges distributed along the circumference of the support frame. Each of the rod structures includes a plurality of connecting rods distributed along the circumference of the support frame. Both ends of each connecting rod are hinged one-to-one with two of the disc hinges on both sides thereof in the first direction, and any two adjacent connecting rods in each of the rod structures are hinged to the same disc hinge, so that when the airbag is in an inflated state and acts on the connecting rod, the connecting rod is subjected to force to rotate within a certain range relative to the disc hinge, so that the support frame is in an extended state.

[0032] In the technical solution of the utility model, the hole wall support device includes an airbag, an inflation device and a support frame. In the horizontal directional drilling survey operation, the hole wall support device is placed in the surveyed broken zone. At this time, the airbag and the support frame are both in a contracted state, and then the airbag is inflated by the inflation device. The airbag is in an inflated state and acts on the connecting rod of the support frame, so that the connecting rod is forced to rotate relative to the disc hinge, and the angle between any two adjacent connecting rods in each of the rod structures increases. The support frame is in an extended state, abutting against the inner wall of the rock formation, stably supporting the rock formation in the broken zone, avoiding hole wall collapse or gravel and fragments in the broken zone from damaging the drilling equipment, and protecting the integrity of the borehole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a hole wall supporting device provided by the utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the support frame (in a retracted state) of the borehole wall support device;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the support frame (in an extended state) of the borehole wall support device;

[0037] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the geological survey equipment provided by the utility model.

[0038] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0043] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0044] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the utility model.

[0045] Broken zones, as a major problem in geological drilling, often bring many challenges to drilling work. During the drilling process, the existence of broken zones often means higher risks and uncertainties, among which the most common problems are drill sticking and hole wall collapse.

[0046] In the broken zone, due to the broken and loose rock, the hole wall loses sufficient support and is prone to collapse. The collapse of the hole wall may not only cause the borehole to be scrapped, but also endanger the safety of the drilling equipment. In addition, the collapse of the hole wall will also destroy the integrity of the borehole and affect subsequent drilling and sampling work.

[0047] In view of this, the utility model provides a hole wall support device 100, which is used in horizontal directional drilling 200 to survey the formation. Figures 1 to 4The hole wall support device 100 includes an airbag 1, an inflating device and a support frame 2. The inflating device is connected to the airbag 1 to fill the airbag 1 with gas; the support frame 2 is extended along a first direction and sleeved outside the airbag 1. The support frame 2 includes a plurality of rod structures and a plurality of hinge structures. The plurality of rod structures and the plurality of hinge structures are alternately arranged in sequence along the first direction, and each of the two ends of the rod structure in the first direction is respectively connected to a hinge structure. Each hinge structure includes a hinge structure along the support frame 2. The rod structure includes a plurality of circumferentially distributed disc hinges 21, each of the rod structures includes a plurality of connecting rods 22 distributed along the circumference of the support frame 2, both ends of each connecting rod 22 are hinged to the two disc hinges 21 on both sides thereof in the first direction in a one-to-one correspondence, and any two adjacent connecting rods 22 in each of the rod structures are hinged to the same disc hinge 21, so that when the airbag 1 is in an inflated state and acts on the connecting rod 22, the connecting rod 22 is subjected to force to rotate within a certain range relative to the disc hinge 21, so that the support frame 2 is in an extended state.

[0048] In the technical solution of the utility model, the hole wall support device 100 includes an airbag 1, an inflation device and a support frame 2. During the horizontal directional drilling 200 survey operation, the hole wall support device 100 is placed in the surveyed broken zone. At this time, the airbag 1 and the support frame 2 are both in a contracted state, and then the airbag 1 is inflated by the inflation device. The airbag 1 is in an inflated state and acts on the connecting rod 22 of the support frame 2, so that the connecting rod 22 is forced to rotate relative to the disc hinge 21, and the angle between any two adjacent connecting rods 22 in each of the rod structures increases. The support frame 2 is in an extended state, abutting against the inner wall of the rock formation, stably supporting the rock formation in the broken zone, avoiding the collapse of the hole wall or the broken stone fragments in the broken zone to damage the drilling equipment, and protecting the integrity of the borehole.

[0049] In addition, the structural design of the support frame 2 enables the hole wall support device 100 to have good drainage performance, thereby preventing groundwater from accumulating and forming water accumulation, which affects subsequent exploration.

[0050] It should be noted that after the support frame 2 stretches to support the hole wall, the airbag 1 can be deflated to restore the airbag 1 to a contracted state, and then the airbag 1 can be pulled out of the support frame 2 to allow drilling equipment (such as a horizontal directional drill 200) to continue surveying and avoid drill jamming and damage to the drilling equipment.

[0051] For further information, see Figure 1The hole wall support device 100 also includes a withdrawal component, which includes a connecting rope 7 and a driving member. One end of the connecting rope 7 is connected to the airbag 1, and the driving member is drivingly connected to the other end of the connecting rope 7 to drive the connecting rope 7 to drive the airbag 1 to move in a direction away from the support frame 2. In this way, the airbag 1 is withdrawn from the support frame 2 by the withdrawal component, so that the drilling equipment can continue to survey and improve the survey efficiency. At the same time, after the airbag 1 is extracted,

[0052] More specifically, the form of the driving member is not limited, and it can be a driving motor, or a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0053] It should be noted that, in an embodiment of the present invention, the driving member is disposed on the ground.

[0054] For details, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A fixing structure is provided between each of the circular hinges 21 and the connecting rod 22 to which it is hinged. The fixing structure includes a matching convex portion 221 and a groove 211. One of the convex portion 221 and the groove 211 is provided on the circular hinge 21, and the other is provided on the corresponding portion of the connecting rod 22 and the circular hinge 21, so that when the connecting rod 22 is subjected to force and rotates to a preset angle relative to the circular hinge 21, the convex portion 221 and the groove 211 are adapted and engaged, so that the support frame 2 is in an extended and fixed state. In this way, the shape of the support frame 2 is fixed by the adaptation and engagement of the convex portion 221 and the groove 211, so that when the airbag 1 is subsequently deflated and contracted, the support frame 2 is still in an extended state to stabilize the support hole wall.

[0055] For further information, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 Two connecting rods 22 are hinged on each disc hinge 21 in the two hinged structures located at both ends of the support frame 2, and four connecting rods 22 are hinged on each disc hinge 21 in the hinged structures located in the middle part of the support frame 2; a hinge shaft 212 is provided in the middle part of each disc hinge 21 to be hinged with the connecting rod 22; further, the two connecting rods 22 or four connecting rods 22 on each disc hinge 21 are stacked along the axial direction of the hinge shaft 212 to avoid interference between the connecting rods 22 and other connecting rods 22 during rotation.

[0056] For further information, see Figure 2 and Figure 3, each of the disc hinges 21 is provided with four grooves 211, which are arranged on the outer circumference of the hinge shaft 212 and are spaced apart along the circumference of the disc hinge 21; each of the connecting rods 22 is provided with two convex portions 221, so that when the connecting rod 22 is rotated to the preset angle, the two convex portions 221 and the grooves 211 on the two disc hinges 21 hinged to the connecting rod 22 are engaged in a one-to-one correspondence. That is, in the extended fixed state, each of the connecting rods 22 is supported and fixed by the two disc hinges 21, thereby supporting the hole wall.

[0057] Specifically, the hole wall supporting device 100 further includes a controller 3 , and the controller 3 is electrically connected to the inflation device; thus, a worker can control the working state, inflation volume and inflation speed of the inflation device through the controller 3 .

[0058] It should be noted that, in an embodiment of the present invention, the inflation device is a high-pressure air pump.

[0059] For further information, see Figure 4 The hole wall support device 100 further includes a pressure sensor 4, which is provided in the airbag 1 to detect the pressure in the airbag 1; the controller 3 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 4. In this way, the controller 3 can control the working state of the inflation device according to the detection structure of the pressure sensor 4. When the pressure sensor 4 detects that the pressure in the airbag 1 reaches a preset pressure value, the inflation device is controlled to continue to inflate to ensure safety.

[0060] For further information, see Figure 4 The airbag 1 has an inflation interface 11 and an deflation interface 12. The inflation interface 11 is connected to the inflation device, and the deflation interface 12 is provided with a safety valve 5. The controller 3 is electrically connected to the safety valve 5. In this way, the safety valve 5 serves as an additional safety guarantee. When the inflation device has a problem, resulting in excessive pressure in the airbag 1, the safety valve 5 can be controlled to open the deflation interface 12 to prevent the airbag 1 from being over-pressurized and ruptured.

[0061] For details, please refer to Figure 4 The outer surface of the airbag 1 is provided with an anti-skid layer 6; thus, through the anti-skid layer 6, the airbag 1 can be in stable contact with the support frame 2 to prevent sliding or displacement during inflation, which affects the extension of the support frame 2.

[0062] Furthermore, the anti-slip layer 6 is made of anti-slip materials such as silicone, polyurethane or rubber.

[0063] Specifically, in the present invention, the airbag 1 is made of lightweight and high-strength material, so that the airbag 1 has sufficient supporting force to act on the supporting frame 2 when inflated, while maintaining a small volume and weight when deflated, which is convenient for carrying and installation.

[0064] Furthermore, the material of the airbag 1 includes reinforced nylon material or polyester fiber material.

[0065] The utility model also provides a geological survey device 1000, see Figure 4 The geological survey equipment 1000 includes a horizontal directional drill 200 and a hole wall support device 100 , and the hole wall support device 100 is detachably mounted on the front end of the drill bit of the horizontal directional drill 200 .

[0066] It should be noted that the hole wall support device 100 adopts the hole wall support device 100 described above, that is, the geological survey equipment 1000 has all the technical features of all the embodiments of the above-mentioned hole wall support device 100, and also has all the technical effects brought by all the above-mentioned technical features, which will not be described one by one here.

[0067] It should also be noted that the detachable connection method between the hole wall support device 100 and the horizontal directional drill 200 is not limited, and can be a snap-on connection, etc. Specifically, in one embodiment of the utility model, the horizontal directional drill 200 is provided with a clamp, and the horizontal directional drill 200 is clamped and fixed to the hole wall support device 100 by the clamp.

[0068] During the survey operation, the survey process of the geological survey equipment 1000 is as follows: first, a horizontal directional drill 200 without the hole wall support device 100 is used for survey. If a broken zone is encountered, the position and geological conditions of the broken zone are determined, and the horizontal directional drill 200 is taken out; then, the hole wall support device 100 is installed on the front end of the drill bit of the horizontal directional drill 200, and the hole wall support device 100 is brought to the broken zone, and the airbag 1 is inflated by the inflation device so that the support skeleton 2 is extended to the extended fixed state to achieve stable support of the hole wall by the support skeleton 2, and then the airbag 1 is deflated so that the airbag 1 returns to the contracted state, and the connecting rope 7 is used to pull the airbag 1 out of the support skeleton 2; finally, the support skeleton 2 and the horizontal directional drill 200 are disassembled so that the horizontal directional drill 200 moves forward in the survey direction to continue the survey operation.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the utility model. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the utility model specification and drawings under the utility model concept, or directly / indirectly used in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hole wall support device for horizontal directional drilling in ground survey, characterized in that: The hole wall supporting device comprises: Airbags; an inflating device, connected to the airbag, for inflating gas into the airbag; and A support frame is extended along a first direction and is sleeved outside the airbag. The support frame includes a plurality of rod structures and a plurality of hinge structures. The plurality of rod structures and the plurality of hinge structures are alternately arranged in sequence along the first direction, and each of the rod structures is respectively connected to a hinge structure at both ends in the first direction. Each of the hinge structures includes a plurality of disc hinges distributed along the circumference of the support frame. Each of the rod structures includes a plurality of connecting rods distributed along the circumference of the support frame. Both ends of each connecting rod are hinged one-to-one with two of the disc hinges on both sides thereof in the first direction, and any two adjacent connecting rods in each of the rod structures are hinged to the same disc hinge, so that when the airbag is in an inflated state and acts on the connecting rod, the connecting rod is subjected to force to rotate within a certain range relative to the disc hinge, so that the support frame is in an extended state.

2. The hole wall support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing structure is provided between each disc hinge and the connecting rod to which it is hinged, and the fixing structure includes matching convex parts and grooves, one of the convex parts and the groove is provided on the disc hinge, and the other is provided on the connecting rod corresponding to the disc hinge, so that when the connecting rod is subjected to force and rotates to a preset angle relative to the disc hinge, the convex part and the groove are adapted to be engaged, so that the supporting frame is in an extended and fixed state.

3. The hole wall support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two connecting rods are hinged on each disc hinge in the two hinge structures at both ends of the support frame, and four connecting rods are hinged on each disc hinge in each hinge structure in the middle of the support frame; A hinge shaft is provided in the middle of each disc hinge to be hinged with the connecting rod; Each of the disc hinges is provided with four grooves, which are arranged on the outer circumference of the hinge shaft and are spaced apart along the circumference of the disc hinge; Each connecting rod is provided with two protrusions, so that when the connecting rod is rotated to the preset angle, the two protrusions are clamped in one-to-one correspondence with the grooves on the two disc hinges hinged to the connecting rod.

4. The hole wall support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole wall supporting device also includes a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the inflation device.

5. The hole wall support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hole wall support device also includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged in the airbag and is used to detect the pressure in the airbag; The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor.

6. The hole wall support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The airbag has an inflation interface and a deflation interface, the inflation interface is connected to the inflation device, and the deflation interface is provided with a safety valve; The controller is electrically connected to the safety valve.

7. The hole wall support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the airbag is provided with an anti-slip layer.

8. The hole wall support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the airbag includes reinforced nylon material or polyester fiber material.

9. The hole wall support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole wall support device also includes a withdrawal component, and the withdrawal component includes: a connecting rope, one end of which is connected to the airbag; and The driving member is drivingly connected to the other end of the connecting rope to drive the connecting rope to drive the airbag to move in a direction away from the supporting frame.

10. A geological survey equipment, characterized in that: The geological survey equipment includes: Horizontal directional drilling; and, The hole wall support device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is detachably mounted on the front end of the drill bit of the horizontal directional drill.

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